THE GIRLHOOD OF
QUEEN VICTORIA
in- the. hoode
THE GIRLHOOD OF
QUEEN VICTORIA
A SELECTION FROM HER MAJESTY'S
DIARIES BETWEEN THE YEARS
1832 AND 1840
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF
HIS MAJESTY THE KING
EDITED BY VISCOUNT ESHER, G.C.B., G.C.V.O.
IN TWO VOLUMES
VOL. H
/6>8?
3o. i
LONDON
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, W.
1912
Dft
552
A Mi RIGHTS RESERVED
CONTENTS
VOL. II
CHAPTER XI
September, 1838
PAQB8
Court etiquette Lady C. Bellasyse Lord Durham's de-
spatch French and British in Canada On the
Terrace Lord Melbourne's family Queen Caroline
George III .'s Ministries Fox and Pitt The French
Revolution French books Prints at Cumberland
Lodge Wellington and King Leopold Count
Erdody Riding at Windsor Sir C. Metcalfe
Fall from a horse Sir George Villiers Dropmore
Estimates Amnesty at Milan The Church
Wilberforce Treaty with Turkey Mole and Louis
Philippe Canadian Boundary Question France
and Russia Lord Palmerston Review at Windsor
French affairs The Army Lord Portman Eat-
ing and drinking Duke of York The Spaniards
and Slave Traffic George IV. and Lord Melbourne
Lady Holland's letter Lord Melbourne on fighting
Spanish affairs French plays Madame de Stael
Grace Darling Lady Holland's beliefs Com-
munication with the Pope Drawings Lord Mel-
bourne on Eton On Flowers The Queen Dowa-
ger's journey Brougham's article The Georges
Scottish Universities The Lyttelton family Royal
marriages A Council ...... 1-45
CHAPTER XII
October, November, and December, 1838
Lord Auckland and Indian affairs Duchess of Suther-
land Children and sleep Belgian affairs Louis
Philippe and Spain German Princes General C.
II 1* v
vi CONTENTS
PAGES
Fox Royal titles Walpole and Pulteney Learn-
ing Latin Revenue and Corn duties Lady Ashley
Books Domestic expenses Royal miniatures
Lord Ashley and duels Religious beliefs English
kings Flogging at school Paley Lord Brougham
and the Georges A question of sex Dislike of
Brighton Lord Glenelg Troubles approaching
French royalties Afghan troubles Lady Caroline
Lamb Boys at school And thieving Lord John
Russell Charles II. The Duchess-Countess Lord
Melbourne's ancestors Lady Holland's history
Lady Spencer Harcourt politics Army and Navy
Promotion purchase Church services Cabinet
discussions The Fox family Charles X. The
Conyngham children Lord Clanricarde and Russia
Duchess of Portsmouth Belgium and Luxem-
bourg Lord Ligonier Lord Palmerston's work
About death General Keppel Dr. Goodall Sir
H. Taylor Pictures and artists Novel reading
Actresses Women writers Dress Reynolds's pic-
tures ..... , ... 46-87
CHAPTER XIII
January y February r , and March, 1839
Oliver Twist The stage Ladies in Waiting Dislike
of Windsor Fables Barante's History Dogs
Warrants Lord Ho wick on Canada Royal dinners
Sedan chairs Lord Melbourne's and other houses
George IV's spirits Engravings " Perdita "
Douglas Trial The French Ministry Lady
Holland's manners Lord Duncannon Clocks
Chantrey's works Mrs. Jordan And her charms
Vaccination The Arabian Nights Princess Char-
lotte The Queen's Ladies Knowles's plays The
Corn Laws Van Amburgh and his lions Dislike of
Latin Lord John Russell's views West Indian
affairs Lord Howick and resignation Downing
Street Queen Caroline Lord Glenelg Resigna-
tion troubles Risk of changes Royal duties Pro-
nunciationThe Queen's Speech Lord Glenelg's
CONTENTS vii
PAGES
resignation Lord Aberdeen Charles II. and the
House of Lords Public Schools Sir George Grey
King Lear Normal schools Lord Douro The
power of music Full dress Russian plots
Marriage with relations Bishop Sumner The
Prince of Orange Marriage Plans Rings Riche-
lieu Lord Melbourne's birthday " Islay " Arch-
bishop Harcourt Ministers' Levees Crime in Ire-
land Lord Roden's Motion Metropolitan Police
Bishops and their Palaces Government defeat
and course of action Confidence in Lord Melbourne
Lord Normanby Brougham's bad behaviour
Dislike of the Tories Hope in the Commons En-
couraging the Queen Lord Melbourne troubled
Buckingham Palace Gardens Beauvale peerage
April fools Banti, the clown Grassini Duelling . 88-141
CHAPTER XIV
April and May, 1839
French politics Foreign ambassadors Oliver Twist
Goethe Marks of respect Anecdote of Napoleon
Afghan affairs and Ran] it Singh Crisis in Asia
Queen Charlotte Lord Melbourne's doubts on
Education Lord Palmerston and Louis Philippe
Peel's amendment Princess Augusta of Cambridge
Hope of a majority The Sheridan family King
Leopold annoyed English plate The question of
marriage with Prince Albert His eligibility Ob-
jection to marriage Whig majority in the Commons
King Leopold's letter Spanish affairs Copyright
Bill Bishopric of Peterborough Grand Duke of
Russia The Tudor Sovereigns Parliamentary
crisis Fears of resignation fulfilled The Queen's
Household Distress at losing Lord Melbourne
Interview with Wellington And with Peel The
Queen's letter The Household trouble The Queen
firm The proposed Cabinet Difficulty of the
Ladies Wellington's views The Queen refuses to
agree A State ball Lord Melbourne and the Cabinet
support the Queen Popularity with the crowd
viii CONTENTS
PAGES
Dislike of Peel Lord Palmerston on Power Con-
cerning cookery Kandahar Manners Russia and
India Lord Howe Peel's speech Russell's report
Discussion of the Household question A Levee
Peel's absence Twentieth birthday Lord Hertford
State dinner and ball at Windsor Excitement
and health Departure of the Grand Duke Prece-
dence . . . . '"." I . . 142-192
CHAPTER XV
June, July, and August, 1839
Wellington's characteristics The Dutch princes Sir
H. Fleetwood's motion Russell and Ho wick The
Grand Duke's charities Engravings of royalties
Concerning titles The Czar Howick and resigna-
tion Prince Ferdinand and his family Fleetwood
motion defeated Howick' s attitude Opinions on
Russell's conduct J. B. Buckstone and dress
Temporary settlement The Household a pretext
for resignation Lord Moira Lucrezia Borgia
Secrecy in voting Feelings of irritation Women
and influence Lord Melbourne's governess Ques-
tion of the Queen travelling The Grand Duke's
letter The Queen's dislikes The Ballot Motion
Dr. Kay on treatment of the poor Non-interference
Dissenters Accession Day Lady Westminster's
ball Lord Winchilsea's fight Marriage rumours
Lady Clanricarde and Russia Lord Melbourne's
groom and gardener Queen Adelaide Commander
of the Lightning Concerning Silence Talk of
Prince Albert Concerning gardens Russian mar-
riages Ministerial changes Macaulay Queens
Dowager Queen Elizabeth Mary Queen of Scots
Peel's character Queen Adelaide and precedence
Lady Holland London and Country Grant's
picture Sir C. Metcalfe Concerning umbrellas
Egyptian affairs Contradicting rumours Brough-
ham's and other speeches Italian opera Women
and politics Concerning trees Hyde Park
Eglinton tournament Louis Philippe's proposed
CONTENTS ix
PAGES
visit Normanby and Ireland Lady Seymour
Dance at Windsor Lord Sidmouth The Russian
Vase Stafford House Lyndhurst and Brougham
Games The Royal Assent William III. Resigna-
tions Dislike of Tories The House of Lords
Charles Wood Ho wick and Grey Holland House . 193-245
CHAPTER XVI
September, October, November, and December, 1839
The Mensdorff family George IV. 's excuses for his ac-
tions American Independence Visit of the King
and Queen of the Belgians At Woolwich On
board the Lightning Departures Concerning bats
Alexander Mensdorff Concerning church-going
Eton boys and the Queen A dance The Czar
and Louis Philippe Brunow The tedious life of
Sovereigns Concerning civility to Tories Ranjit
Singh's death Lord Grey's feelings Lord Ho wick ,:
Macaulay's election Concerning rooks Queen
Elizabeth Russia's proposition French attitude
on Turkey Concerning Macaulay Games Lord
Palmerston's marriage The Queen's views Pitt
and Canning Concerning sleep Arrival of Princes
Ernest and Albert Concerning dress Praise of
Prince Albert The marriage question Napier's
letter Lord Melbourne and marriage Sir Frederick
yC&mb " Dearest Albert " The question of time
/ Prince Albert's position Rumours of marriage
The Proposal The Queen's happiness Love
V Lord Huntingdon Talk of marriage Declaring the
TKftrriage Exchange of rings The Pagets Report
of Brougham's death Prince Albert's views Pre-
cedents Declaration formalities Lady Cowper on
marriage Telling the Duchess of Kent Prince
Albert and a peerage More marriage rumours The
Queen's Ladies Discussing the ceremony Mar-
riage precedents Protestant William and Mary
Queen Anne A Marriage Treaty Naturalization
Prince Albert's precedence Difficulties The
Queen's rights The Chancellor's answer The
x CONTENTS
PAGES
Prince of Wales Prince Albert on Ancestors Peel's
behaviour Dr. Goodall Lady Seymour Lord
Melbourne's past Prince Albert's strictness . . 246-287
. CHAPTER XVII
1840
The Russians and Belgium Thankfulness Lady Jane
Grey and Queen Elizabeth Russian dislike of
Coburg family Letter from Prince Albert The
end of franking Changes at Buckingham Palace
Stockmar and arrangements about Prince Albert
Concerning Regencies Penny Postage The
Page family system Abusive speeches Discussing
wedding arrangements Melbourne on Stockmar
Questions of precedence The Opening of Parlia-
ment Debates on the Address William and Mary
Mary Queen of Scots Burleigh, Essex, and
Leicester Stockmar and the Marriage Treaty
Trouble over the Prince's Household Concerning
languages Assam tea Miss Martineau's Deerbrook
Lord Lilford's family The Royal Dukes Princes
and the House of Lords Lord Wellesley's letter
The Prince's precedence And its limitation
Wellington's attitude His opinion of Melbourne
^HPrecedence difficulties again Invitations for the
j wedding Naturalizing the Prince Arrival of the
I Prince at Dover Concerning marriage Flow of
\ popularity The Prince's arrival at Windsor
I Preparing for the wedding The Procession The
Ceremony Return to Buckingham Palace The
(wedding breakfast " I and Albert alone " . . 288-321
AppENmxT"
Mr. Gladstone's Estimate of Lord Melbourne . . 822
Lord Melbourne's Family .... . 322-323
INDEX . . . . .... . 825 381
GENEALOGICAL TABLES : FACING PAGE
Pedigree No. I. The House of Hanover . . 324
No. II. The Ancestry of Prince Albert . 824
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
VOL. II
VISCOUNT MELBOURNE. From a portrait by Sir E. Landseer,
R.A., in the possession of the Earl of Rosebcry, K.O. Frontispiece
FACING PAGH
*H.M. LEOPOLD I., KINO OF THE BELGIANS. From a portrait
by Diez, 1841 . . . ... . 12
H.R.H. PBINCE GEORGE OF CAMBRIDGE. From a portrait at
Windsor Castle V . 60
BARONESS LEHZEN. From a sketch by the Queen before her
accession ......... 64
*H.M. Louis PHILIPPE, KING OF THE FRENCH. From a por-
trait by F. Winterhalter 100
"H.R.H. PRINCESS SOPHIA MATILDA OF GLOUCESTER. From a
portrait by Dalton, after Sir O. Hayter . . . .114
MADAME VESTRIS. From a sketch by the Queen before her acces-
sion 140
*H.S.H. ERNEST, DUKE OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA, FATHER OF
PRINCE ALBERT. From a portrait by Dickinson, after
Ruprecht 154
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON AND SIR ROBERT PEBL. From a
picture by F. Winterhalter in Buckingham Palace . .164
*H.R.H. THE DUCHESS OF GLOUCESTER. From a portrait by
Sir W. Ross 182
*H.S.H. PRINCESS VIOTOIRE OF SAXE-COBURG, DUOHESSB DB
NEMOURS. From a portrait by Sir W. Ross . . .198
*H.M. MARIE AMELIE, QUEEN OF THE FRENCH. From a por-
trait by Dalton, after Sir W. Ross . . . . 232
xi
xii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FACING PAQB
*H.S.H. COUNT ALEXANDEB MENSDOBFF-POUILLY. From a
portrait by Sir W. Boss . y . - .246
"H.S.H. PRINCE ERNEST, AFTERWARDS DUKE OF SAXE-COBUBG-
GOTHA, BROTHER OF PRINCE ALBERT. From a portrait by
R. Thorburn 274
*H.R.H, THE DUCHESS OF KENT. From a portrait by F. Winter-
halter . . . . . 296
*H.R.H. PRINCE ALBEBT. From a portrait by Dalton, after
F. Winterhalter . ^. . . . . .316
*H.M. QUEEN VICTOBIA. From a portrait by Dalton, after
F. WinterhaUer ' . , 322
NOTE. Illustrations marked * are taken from the Queen's private portrait
albums.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER XI
LORD MELBOURNE had now reached the climax of his career.
It is as the tutor, secretary, and guardian of the young Queen
that his fame is firmly established among the Prime Ministers
of Great Britain. Not that he was in character or intellect below
the average of the statesmen who have held that great office.
Although sometimes frivolous in speech and unconventional in
manner, he was, according to the universal testimony of those
who knew him best, firm and earnest of purpose. His shrewd
appreciation of men was only equalled by his keen sense of the
political requirements of the people he was engaged in govern-
ing. He was a convinced but moderate reformer. His Whig
training confirmed the traditional instinct for government with
which, like so many aristocrats of that day, he appeared to be
endowed. His mind was cultured in the broad sense of the
term. He was a scholar, but not a pedant. He was a firm
believer in the doctrines of Christianity, but not " religious."
He elected to call himself a quietest. It was a favourite phrase.
He had been described as pensive and solitary. It was not the
popular conception of him, but it is probably the true one.
As a Minister he belonged to a caste that, although passing
away and depreciated by modern Britons, has done glorious
service for our country. He was an aristocrat of a fibre fear-
less, prompt, arid haughty. As of Lord Salisbury in after-years,
so of him. He was something different from a " clerk raised
to the nth."
His task was not an easy one, but he carried the burden of
government lightly, and with consummate tact, through those
difficult years from 1834 to 1840, when the middle classes, con-
scious of power, but as yet ignorant of its uses, were initiating
the great series of economic changes that in the course of
thirty years converted the Kingdom of Great Britain into the
British Empire. To that Empire, as we know it to-day, the
Monarchy was essential. Awe of the Throne, and respect for
its occupant, were elements necessary to the growth of Imperial
sentiment and racial unity. When Queen Victoria succeeded
her uncle, William IV., the Monarchy had been, for many years,
associated with failing powers and with low ideals. That the
young Princess when she ascended the Throne should have found
Lord Melbourne at her side was a piece of singular good fortune.
These Journals prove it ; but if any doubt arises, let the reader
imagine what might have happened if, during those few impres-
sionable years before her marriage, the Queen had been associated
with and controlled by a Minister with the hard precision of a
Strafford or the rash timidity of a Bute.
CHAPTER XI
1838
Saturday, 1st September. Spoke of my going to
Bushey and Bagshot which I disliked ; of my hating
morning visits ; of the habit I had when a little girl
and visited my Aunts, of praising every thing, in
order to get it, which made Lord Melbourne laugh
very much. Speaking of red-legged partridges, he
said to Lady Normanby, " Haven't you any of those
red-legged fellows in Italy ? I don't mean Cardinals,"
he said. Spoke to Lord M. of the former very severe
etiquette in George III.'s and Queen Charlotte's
time, which Lord M. said they introduced very much.
The Duchess of Brunswick, 1 he said, used always to
lay it to Queen Charlotte's account and used to say
indignantly, " For a petite Princes se to give herself
airs, which my Mother and my Grandmother never
did ! " Lord M. said that all the Ladies dined with
the King and Queen and Family, but no gentlemen,
except perhaps on very particular occasions the
Archbishop of Canterbury and the Lord Chamberlain.
He said that Lady Charlotte Bellasyse, 4 his Cousin,
who was Lady to the Duchess of Gloucester when
1 Augusta, sister of George III. and daughter of Frederick Lewis,
Prince of Wales, and his wife, Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha. She
married Charles William Frederick, Duke of Brunswick.
2 See Vol. I., p. 314.
2
1838]
LORD DURHAM'S DESPATCH 3
her husband, Mr. Bellasyse, came down, he dined at
the Equerries' table and came up after dinner ; she
dined with the King ; I said the Princesses were
very fond of her ; " She was a good creature,"
said Lord M. Spoke of the Princesses, their
high spirits ; of the King's not allowing them to
marry ; upon which Lord M. asked if they ever
showed an inclination to marry ; " For, that's a
thing," he said, " which can't come of itself ; you
must either let people see one another, or you must
negotiate," which is very true.
Sunday, 2nd September. I gave him Uncle Leo-
pold's letter to read, and when he had done reading
it, he said, " It is very kind." Lord M. said he had a
letter from Lord John who will be down here on
the 12th. Lord M. then said that here was this long
Despatch from Durham, which he offered to read
to me, and did read. But before he read it, he said
that I must know that Canada originally belonged
to the French and was only ceded to the English in
1760, when it was taken in an expedition under Wolfe ;
" A very daring enterprize," he said. Canada was
then entirely French, and the British only came
afterwards ; they divided it into Upper and Lower
Canada, and allowed the French to keep their par-
ticular rights and Institutions ; and in a little while
gave the country Executive and Legislative Assem-
blies like in England. Lord Melbourne explained
this very clearly (and much better than I have done)
and said a good deal more about it. He then read
me Durham's despatch, which is a very long one
and took him more than | an hour to read. Lord
M. read it beautifully with that fine, soft voice of
his, and with so much expression, so that it is
needless to say I was much interested by it.
4 WALKING ON THE TERRACE [*r.i9
Lord M. had intended to ride, but on hearing
I meant to walk, most kindly gave it up and said he
would walk with me. Wrote my journal. Read in
Durham's despatch. At 5 I walked out with all
my ladies and gentlemen ; I had not been out many
minutes when Lord Melbourne joined me, and
walked near me the whole time. We walked down
to Adelaide Cottage. Lord M. asked me if Uncle
Leopold was very angry with Mamma ; I said Pretty
well ; upon which Lord M. observed laughing, " I
think he's afraid of her," which I fear is the case. I
asked Lord M. if he thought I should walk round
the Terrace ; " I think it would be better," he
replied. In going up to the terrace, there is a very
steep hill which is a dreadful pull, and Lord M. and
I were quite blown in coming up. I then walked
round the terrace, crowded to an amazing degree
with people, between Lord Melbourne and Lord
Torrington, Lady Normanby just behind me, and
also the other ladies ; and my 3 other gentlemen
in front ; it was hot work. We then walked up
and down the Terrace (the private part) for a
few minutes, listening to the band, and came home
at 6. 1 It was a beautiful evening. Read in Durham's
despatch.
At a J to 8 we 13 dined. Lord Melbourne led me
in, and I sat between him and Lord Torrington.
Lord Melbourne said he wasn't tired. Spoke with
him of various things ; of my tight sleeves which
he admired ; of some excellent red deer we had
at dinner ; of being able to manage animals by
feeding. Lord M. said, "You can do anything
almost by feeding, from a man down to a goat or
1 This custom the Queen adhered to up to the time of the Prince
Consort's death.
1838] LORD MELBOURNE'S ANCESTORS 5
a deer," which made us laugh much and which
I wouldn't allow. Spoke of Irvingism ; and Lord
M. said, " People should be quite sure, when they
have any of these revelations, from what quarter
they come." After dinner, before we sat down,
Lord Melbourne, Lord Torrington, Major Keppel, 1
Lady Normanby (and I listening), talked of
rowing, and Matches ; and Lord M. said, " I don't
like any pleasure which is drudgery " ; he thinks row-
ing very laborious. " Why, you might as well dig."
I asked Lord Melbourne who his paternal grand-
mother was 2 ; a Miss Coke of Melbourne, he replied ;
she was a great heiress, and through her came all
that property. She was the daughter of Thomas
Coke, Vice-Chamberlain to George 1st, who was
the descendant of a famous Sir John Coke. Her
brother died, and all the property came to her.
Lord M. never saw her, as she died before his father
could remember her ; his father was born in 1745,
and she died about 1751 ; " she was very pretty,"
he added. Spoke of Queen Caroline, and of the
feeling for her ; "I never saw anything like it in
my life," said Lord M. ; " it was very alarming ;
it even spread to the Troops." " George IV. never
was popular," Lord M. said. And whatever Queen
Caroline did, had no weight with the people, for,
they said, it was all his fault at first. Lord M.
continued, that it was quite madness his (George IV.)
conduct to her ; for if he had only separated from
her, and let her alone, that wouldn't have signified ;
but he persecuted her, and " he cared as much
1 George Thomas Keppel succeeded his brother in 1851 as sixth Earl
of Albemarle. He was a groom-in-waiting to the Queen. He served
in the 14th Regiment at Waterloo, and lived till 1891.
2 For Lord Melbourne's ancestry, see the Appendix,
II 2
6 CONCERNING ANIMALS [r.i9
about what she did, as if he had been very much
in love with her," which certainly was very odd.
" He (George IV.) was a clever man," Lord M.
said, but he thinks that he never was honestly
advised about Queen Caroline ; though, he con-
tinued, he very often disliked advice that was
contrary to his wishes, and resented it ; yet Lord
M. thinks one can do anything with clever people,
and if he had been properly talked to he might
have listened.
We spoke of animals for a long time ; Lord M.
said a horse was a most powerful and formidable
enemy if he were to attack you ; and Lord M.
said, "his neck is clothed in thunder"; he con-
siders a dog the most courageous animal, and
the one that helps man the most ; and " he
assists you, and will go through thick and thin
with you."
Monday, 3rd September. Lord M. said that Lord
North was Minister when we lost the United Provinces,
but didn't make the peace. The Marquis of Rocking-
ham l came in, but died soon, and was succeeded by
Lord Shelburne (Lord Lansdowne's father). Then,
Lord M. continued, Mr. Fox and Lord North formed
the Coalition and turned out Lord Shelburne ; they
came in, and were beat upon the India Bill, upon which
which Mr. Pitt came in. Lord M. said that after
Lord North went out the first time, the Marquis of
Rockingham came in ; his Government comprised
Lord Shelburne and Mr. Fox ; and Mr. Fox expected
1 Charles Watson-Wentworth, second Marquess of Rockingham,
during North's Ministry had declared for recognition of the inde-
pendence of the colonies. In 1782, on the fall of North, he formed
a coalition Government with Lord John Cavendish, Shelburne, and
Fox.
1838] GEORGE III.'S MINISTRIES 7
to come in, Lord M. continued, but Lord Shelburne
is supposed to have intrigued very much. " Then
Mr. Fox and Lord North, being in the Opposition,
formed the famous Coalition, which was extremely
unpopular ; and they beat him upon the Peace,
and they forced themselves in ; the King was very
unwilling to take them and fought very hard, but
however at last he took them ; and he took the
earliest opportunity to trip them up." It was upon
the proposition of the India Bill, which was very
like the present Government of India, by Commis-
sioners here (India having been badly managed before,
and there having been a great many malversations),
but it was considered as taking away from the Pre-
rogative of the Crown ; " and the King turned them
out ; and he received the thanks of the Country,
and the House of Commons went with him," Lord
M. said. Mr. Pitt came in then, and was Minister
for 18 years ; till the King turned him out upon the
Catholic question. I observed the King did a great
deal himself ; Lord M. replied, " That's what he
is accused of ; but he strenuously denies it in these
letters ; he said he always gave his Minister his
confidence." Lord M. thinks he did while they were
his Ministers ; " If he disliked them, I don't wonder
he tried to get rid of them," said Lord M. He
couldn't bear Fox, Lord M. said, and he don't know,
but he thinks it dates from a very early period ;
" Mr. Fox was very much in love with Lady Sarah
Lennox," and Lord M. thinks that may have had
something to do with it. 1 Mr. Pitt, Lord M. said,
was a tall, thin man, with a red face ; drank
amazingly ; so did Mr. Fox, Lord M. continued,
1 See The Life and Letters of Lady Sarah Lennox, by Lady Ilchester
and Lord Stavordale, passim.
8 INDIAN CUSTOMS AND CASTE [*T. 19
and that neither had the slightest restraint over
himself ; they died the same year ; Fox 13th
Sept. 1806, aged 54 ; Pitt aged 47. Lord M. thinks
Lord Holland (who is Fox's nephew ; the late Lord
Holland being Fox's elder brother) very like Fox,
both in appearance and character ; only that Fox
was always very shy, which Lord Holland is not.
Lord Melbourne told all this in such a delightful
manner. He told me an anecdote of some Officers
who saw a man on the banks of the Ganges, put
there to die ; and one of them had a bottle of
lavender water with him ; he put it to the man's
lips, " who sucked it down " ; and having only been
accustomed to water and a little rice, this spirit
quite revived him, and the man recovered and
was taken home. The next day he came to the
Officer and said, " You must maintain me, for I've
lost my Caste " by being thus restored to life.
Spoke of the custom of burning the Widows, which
Lord M. said " is not a good custom " and is very
nearly abandoned. Mr. Macaulay went to India in
'33, as Counsel ; he is 40 years old, and a very clever
man, Lord M. says.
We then looked at 2 vols. of portraits of the
Characters concerned in the French Revolution,
which are very fine and very interesting. It was
quite a delight and treat to look at them with Lord
Melbourne, for there was hardly one character
whom he did not know everything about, what
they did, who they were ; and he has such a
charming, agreeable way of telling it all. When we
came to Cambaceres, 1 Lord M. said " he was a
1 Cambaceres and Lebrun were the second and third Consuls in
the Constitution of December 1799. In 1804 the former became
Arch-chancellor of the Empire and President of the Senate.
1838] FRENCH AND GERMAN LITERATURE 9
great gourmand ; and Napoleon used to keep him
at the Council while his dinner was spoiling." And
one day, Napoleon saw him writing a note, " and he
insisted on seeing it ; it was to his Cook : ' Sauvez
les rotis ; les entremets sont perdus.' ' We were
about an hour looking at them. Lord M. told me
that Sir John Coke (who was father to Col. Coke,
who was a good deal engaged in the Revolution and
who (Col. Coke) was grandfather to his (Ld.M.'s) grand-
mother) lived in the time of Charles I. and James I.
I said I feared Lord M. must be so bored here,
and he answered most kindly, " Oh ! I assure you
not the least." Spoke of the State rooms here, and
we agreed what a pity it was they shouldn't be
used.
Tuesday, kth September. I returned Lord Mel-
bourne Munster's book which I had read through.
I said I liked French books ; he observed,
" They write shortly and clearly, and very concise,
with a great deal of nettete" " The English books,"
he continued, " are so very long ; they are apt to
be prosing, and one gets to read without attending,
and not to know what it's all about," which is most
true. He added that long books alarmed one. I said
that I couldn't understand the German books ; Lord
M. mentioned Schiller's Thirty Years' War (which he
has read the Translation of) as a very good book.
' They are apt to be misty and obscure, the Germans,
and cloudy," he said laughing. Spoke of my dis-
liking Ancient History ; of my having read many
dull books ; of my having disliked learning formerly,
and particularly Latin, and being naughty at that,
and at my Bible-lessons ; Lord M. said it was a
good thing to know a little Latin, on account of the
construction of English ; Greek he thinks unneces-
II 2*
10 CONCERNING PRINTS AND SKETCHES DET. 19
sary for a woman, as there are many other things
more necessary.
Read Despatches. Read in UHistoire de la
Revolution d? Angleterre, 1 which is extremely well
written and highly interesting. Lord Melbourne
rode out at J p. 3 with Murray to Cumberland Lodge
to see the Prints, and came home at J p. 6. He said
it was a most splendid collection. There are 37
books of Domenichino's Original Drawings, some of
Raphael's, some beautiful Michael Angelos, Lord M.
said (all sketches), some of Albert Diirer's, a book
of Holbein's drawings, which he told me Horace
Walpole routed out in a drawer at Kensington, they
having been lost for some reigns. I said I had seen
in the afternoon a book of beautiful sketches by
Guido, and one of Domenichino's. Lord Melbourne
said they were kept in 2 rooms, in cases ; that there
were every sort of print, and most valuable, and that
it was impossible to look at them all ; we spoke of
all this for some time, and of the use Lord M. said
these original drawings would be to Artists ; Lord
M. said there was a collection of Theatrical Prints,
of every sort of Actor and Actress that ever existed ;
and an account drawn up of each ; collected by Sir
Hilgrove Turner * ; " Not the most proper book in
the World," said Lord M., " but very entertaining."
Every sort of print of Nell Gwynn in every char-
acter ; I asked if she was a celebrated Actress ; in
1 By Guizot.
2 General Sir Tomkyns Hilgrove Turner, a distinguished soldier.
He was present in 1801 at the capitulation of Alexandria. It fell
to his lot to take charge of the famous Rosetta stone, part of the
booty, which he conveyed to England. He was an antiquarian,
and had a fair knowledge of the mysteries of ancient chivalry and
of armour.
1838] WELLINGTON AND KING LEOPOLD 11
some characters, Lord M. replied. Lord M. said
she was twice mentioned in Mme. de Sevigne's
letters ; Nell Gy wnn was Mother to the Duke of
St. Albans, and a Mrs. Waters to the Duke of
Monmouth. Lord Melbourne and I looked at three
books of curious, old, and very fine prints por-
traits which came from Cumberland Lodge and
which seemed to interest Lord Melbourne. He
made his clever observations about each ; and
thought there were (as there are) a great many
Bishops and Monks. Lord Melbourne said George
III., though accused of the contrary, was excessively
fond of the Arts ; he made the greater part of this
splendid Collection. He had, Lord M. said, Canaletto
and Zucarelli over here, to paint ; spoke of portrait
painting ; of there being so few, or hardly any
Portrait Painters now ; Lord M. said that it was in
human nature to have portraits painted, either
from good or bad motives, from vanity or from
affection.
Wednesday, 5th September. I said how civil the
Duke of Wellington always was to Uncle Leopold.
I observed that I thought the Duke didn't like
Uncle's going to Belgium, and Lord M. said : " I
don't think he did ; but he would be more stu-
diously civil for that." I remained in my habit
till a J p. 7 when my beloved Uncle Leopold and
Aunt Louise arrived. They are both looking re-
markably well and in good spirits, and very kind.
I took them to their apartments, and then hastened
to dress.
Thursday, 6th September. Uncle praised my ex-
cellent friend Lord Melbourne much to me during
dinner ; he really appreciates his inestimable quali-
ties. Uncle remembers his Mother, as a clever
12 COUNT ERDODY [JET. 19
agreeable woman, and his father as a good-natured
old man. Lady Caroline he also knew, and says she
was very clever, but mad. After dinner I made
the rond des Messieurs. We were seated as the
night before ; that is, Uncle part of the evening near
me, and then Aunt Louise the greater part, and Lord
Melbourne replacing Uncle. Count Erdody l was
good enough to play on the piano beautifully ; he
improviseed most beautifully, and played some
Valses of his own composition ; some of Lanner's and
Strauss's, with such a light yet powerful touch. He
then came and sat down next Lord Melbourne. He
is a very agreeable person, quiet yet lively, and
speaks English perfectly. Spoke to Lord Melbourne
of various things ; he was excessively surprised when
Aunt Louise told him that her father had his large
carriages made in England (unknown in France), sent
to Ostend, and smuggled to Paris by them (Uncle
and Aunt). Spoke to Lord Melbourne of Durham ;
and when we got up I spoke to him and to Lord
Palmerston of some curious letters of Lord John
Hay's* which they had sent me to read in the after-
noon, and which proved what a blow this loss at
Morella 3 would be to the Queen's cause. I took
1 Antoine Charles Palffy d'Erdody, hereditary Count Palatine of
Pressburg, born in 1793, was Chamberlain to the Emperor of Austria :
from 1821 to 1828 he was Austrian Envoy at the Court of Saxony. In
1803 he married the daughter of Prince Alois Kaunitz.
2 Rear-Admiral Lord John Hay, third son of George, seventh
Marquess of Tweeddale, at this time commanded a small squadron on
the north coast of Spain, landing from tune to tune a command of a
naval and marine brigade. He was M.P. for Windsor, and a Lord of
the Admiralty in Lord John Russell's Administration of 1846.
8 In February of this year, Morella, a considerable town in Valencia,
fell into the hands of the Carlists. Accordingly, a great attempt to
retake it was made in the summer by the Christines, and it was
invested by General Craa ; but to the disappointment of the
n\
r&m a, bw&tu An* -JJ^c^ 18J+1 .
1838] RIDING AT WINDSOR 13
leave of Prince Schwartzenberg, Prince Windisch
Gratz and Count Erdody, and expressed my hope of
seeing them and the Princess again. Stayed up
till 20 m. to 12.
Friday, 7th September. I dressed for riding and
at a to 5 rode out with Lord Melbourne, Lord
Palmerston, Miss Anson, Lehzen, Lord Falkland,
Lord Portman, Lady Forbes, Col. Wemyss, and
the Equerry and Groom. Came home at 7. I rode
Tartar who went beautifully. We had two showers
when we first went out and had to take shelter
under Oak Trees twice ; during the last shower
Lord Melbourne said, " It is the heaviest rain
with the clearest sky I ever saw." We had but
little rain afterwards, though the sky looked most
gloomy, and it poured at the Castle. We came
home at an amazing pace ; it was a delightful ride.
Lord Melbourne rode near me the whole time, and
we talked a good deal together. Lord Palmerston
also rode near me on the other side for some little
time and admired Tartar very much. When we rode
past Cumberland Lodge Lord Melbourne said that
he had been staying there at the end of '27; the King
had ordered a room for him in the Cottage, but
there was some mistake about it, and the King was
very angry. He had an immense party staying
there then, Lord M. said ; Durham and Lord Jersey,
who used, he said, at one time to be a very great
favourite of the King's. The King paid Lord Jersey's
debts once. We spoke of Van de Weyer's marriage
to a Miss Bates, 1 a great match in point of money,
which Lord Palmerston said was a great thing.
Queen's adherents, all assaults on the town failed, and the siege was
raised.
1 See ante, Vol. I., p. 73.
14 THE QUEEN'S MISHAP DET.IQ
Saturday, 8th September. Lord M. said he had seen
Sir Charles Metealfe, 1 whom he had never seen before ;
and that he thinks him an odd-looking, though not
an ugly man. " He was next boy to my brother at
Eton," said Lord M. ; his brother George he meant ;
he knew him very well. Sir Charles went to India,
he told Lord M., in 1800, and came home in '38, never
having been home since ! He went when he was 15,
as a Writer, and is now 53 ! What a change. " He
says he is very happy," continued Lord M., " but
that he feels the want of being useful," which Lord
M. thinks is a slight hint to be employed. " He
remembers me at Eton," said Lord M. Lord M.'s
brother George was five years younger than himself,
he told me.
We rode round Virginia Water. As I was
galloping homewards, before we came to the Long
Walk, on the grass and not very fast, Uncle left my
side and I went on alone with Lord Melbourne, when
something frightened Uxbridge, who was alarmed
at being left without his second companion, and he
swerved against Lord M.'s horse so much, that I
came off ; I fell on one side sitting, not a bit hurt
or put out or frightened, but astonished and amused,
and was up, and laughing, before Col. Cavendish
and one of the gentlemen, all greatly alarmed, could
come near me, and said, " I'm not hurt." Lord
M.'s horse shied away at the same moment mine did ;
he was much frightened and turned quite pale, kind,
good man ; he said, " Are you sure you're not
1 Sir Charles Metealfe, an Indian administrator, who during an inter-
regnum acted as Provisional Governor -General, during which time
the heavy restrictions on the Indian press were removed. The Ministry
would not give effect to the wish of the East India Company to con-
tinue him permanently in the office, but in 1839 he became Governor
of Jamaica.
1838] SIR GEORGE VILLIERS 15
hurt ? " I instantly remounted and cantered home ;
Lord M. was rather alarmed again and thought
Uxbridge was inclined to shy. I sat between
Uncle and Lord Melbourne. Uncle talked much, and
praised me for my behaviour during my feat of falling !
Lord Melbourne said most kindly and anxiously,
" Are you really not the worse ? " He repeated this
twice. We spoke of how it happened ; he said he
didn't see me fall, but heard me fall ; he said it was
fortunate his horse jumped away, else I might have
been hurt.
Sunday, 9th September. Sir George Villiers 1 came
and sat down near us, when we were just at the end
of the Album, looking at some Spanish drawings.
Sir George told us that the Spaniards could drink
a gallon of wine without stopping, pouring it down
as if they didn't swallow ; and he spoke of the
extreme cruelty of Bull-fights.
Uncle and Sir George then spoke for a long while
of Spain and its state, and Lord Melbourne and I
listened, and occasionally joined in. Sir George
said it was quite dreadful the state of misery in
which the poor Nuns and Monks were in who had
been turned out of their Monasteries. He said he
had supported some Nuns at Madrid, the youngest
of whom was 85, and the eldest 91 ! and these
poor people have lived in a convent since they were
children, and now they turn them out and tell them
they may have their liberty ! " It's cruel mockery,"
said Sir George. The Monks are likewise very badly
off ; for, Lord M. observed, to men who have been
accustomed to pass their lives in Prayer, to be told
to dig, is very hard.
1 Sir George Villiers (afterwards Earl of Clarendon) was British
Minister in Spain 1833-9. See Vol. I., p. 229.
16 DROPMORE AND CLIVEDEN r^r. 19
Monday, Wth September. When Uncle came, he
praised Sir C. Metcalfe, and Lord Melbourne said,
" He is a very able man ; the most able we have ; he
is a very bold man he introduced the freedom of the
press in India, which was a very bold step ; but didn't
do as much harm as we expected. He is extremely
liberal," Lord M. continued, he was quite one of
Lord William Bentinck's followers ; " William Ben-
tinck is a very reckless man, who doesn't mind
what follows if he thinks his reason good."
Wednesday, 12th September. Spoke of Dropmore
being such a pretty place, and that we could ride
over there one day. " It's a lovely place," Lord
M. said. It belongs to Lady Grenville, 1 who he told
me was a Miss Pitt, Lord Camelford's sister ; he
(Lord Camelford), Lord M. told me, was killed in a
fatal duel with a Mr. Best. Spoke of Cliveden, 8 on
the Thames, now Sir George Warrender's, as being
also very pretty. " It's the place that belonged to
the Duke of Buckingham, which is mentioned in
Pope." It belonged to Villiers Duke of Bucking-
ham, Charles II. 's favourite. 8 . . . Uncle and Lord
1 Lord Grenville was a nephew of Hester, Lady Chatham, wife of
the great commoner. He held many high offices of state under the
younger Pitt, beooming Foreign Secretary 1791-1801. He was First
Lord of the Treasury, February 1806-March 1907. His wife was
sister and heir to the second Lord Camelford, and on her death in
1864 devised her estate (including Booonnoo in Cornwall) to the Hon.
George Matthew Fortescue.
8 It was afterwards sold to the Duke of Sutherland, then to the
Duke of Westminster, and now belongs to Mr. Waldorf Astor.
8 Lord Shrewsbury died in 1668 of wounds received in a duel with
Buckingham, a duel said to have been concerted between Buckingham
and Lady Shrewsbury. This enterprising lady, in the disguise of a
page, is said to have held the Duke's horse during the fight. Pope's
lines referred to are the following :
" Gallant and gay in Cliveden's proud alcove,
The bowor of wanton Shrewsbury and love."
1838] ESTIMATES IN PARLIAMENT 17
M. spoke of James II., Louis XIV., and then Uncle,
Lord John, Lord Melbourne, and Lord Palmerston
also joined in, spoke most agreeably about the Sessions
of Parliament, and of anecdotes of Tierney, 1 but
I've not room or time to record them. They
spoke of the fatigue of Sessions ; and Lord M. said
it was less fatiguing to be obliged to attend than
not to attend. Lord M. said the hard Sessions began
in 1816. Lord M. and Lord John said that formerly
there used to be great debates always upon the
Estimates, and Lord Palmerston remembers having
had 13 nights of it ; and whenever a new person came
in, who, as Lord M. said, ought to have been there
before, the Secretary at War had to explain the
same thing over again, sometimes 8 or 4 times.
Hume used, Lord John said, to make the same
speech every year, and so they used to tell him he
had been answered the year before. " And now,"
Lord M. said, " the Estimates are passed, without
one word being said ; which is very extraordinary."
They spoke of Tierney, his speaking so well ; and
Lord M. said he thought him a very honest man ;
that he used always to say, " such a person told me
so and so, by which you may judge that that is
the opinion of all the people of that class and
calibre " ; " This appears to me sound reasoning,"
said Lord M., but that it had been very much
condemned.
Thursday, 13th September. Lord M. said he had
seen Lord John, whom he thought in good spirits,
1 George Tierney (1761-1830), a well-known Parliamentarian.
He went into opposition to Pitt, and took pleasure in provoking that
Minister to the use of language in debate which led to a duel on Putney
Heath. Tierney took office under Addington and later under
Canning.
18 CHURCH QUESTIONS [r.io
and " He begins to see the great difficulties of a
change in the Government very strongly." We
agreed the difficulties were very great. I said Lord
John had been to see Uncle.
Lord M. said he saw by the papers that the
Emperor of Austria had proclaimed a general Amnesty
at Milan on the occasion of the Coronation, 1 with
permission for those to return who had been obliged
to leave the place, which Lord M. said was very
important. Lord M. begged me to get a quiet horse
for Lord John to ride, as Lord M. didn't like asking
Cavendish about it, after all that had passed. Lord
M. said, in speaking of Lord John : " He is very
much impressed with the difficulties we shall have to
encounter from the Ballot " ; that the declaration
Lord John made at the beginning of last Session
had rather weakened his influence with his fol-
lowers, and that it would be rather disagreeable
if our friends were to vote against us, on that
subject. 2
Uncle Leopold and Lord M. then spoke about the
Church ; and Lord M. said, " My intention is to
stand by the Established Church, but to keep the
Church to her own principles as established at
the Reformation." Then Lord M. said, "Upon the
whole our Church is the best Church, the least med-
dling"; and speaking of Dissenters, Lord M. said,
" The Church is still very strong." He spoke of
the various changes which have taken place in it,
1 The Austrian Emperor, Ferdinand I., was invested at Milan, on
September 6th, with the iron crown of Lombardy. See Vol. I., p. 256.
2 In the course of the debate on the Address at the end of 1837,
Lord John had stated that he considered the ballot, the extension of
the suffrage, and triennial parliaments " as nothing else but repeal of
the Reform Act, and placing the representation on a totally different
footing."
1838] THE LIFE OF WILBERFORCE 19
and which he would have been content to have done
without, but that " the cry for Reform came from
the bosom of the Establishment itself." Lord M.
spoke of this Sulphur Monopoly, 1 which he repeated
would much affect our merchants ; and he said they
(monopolies) had been given up here in Queen Eliza-
beth's time, for that when she saw there was any
difficulty about them, " she with her usual sagacity
gave them up." Lord John spoke of Wilberforce's
Life, which he is reading ; and Lord M. said he
disliked Wilberforce ; though he felt it was ungrateful
to say so, " as he liked me very much and was always
wanting me to come more forward." Lord John
said, in this Life there is a letter of Lord M.'s
published, to him, about Lord John, which made
Lord M. laugh very much. Lord John said, it is
also mentioned that Canning had said that Lord
Melbourne would have done very well as Speaker ;
Lord M. said he believed Wilberforce to be a good
man, and to be actuated by good motives and
opinions ; " but they were very uncomfortable
opinions for those who acted with him," and he used
to leave his friends in difficulties.
Friday, lUh September. Lord Melbourne spoke
of this Treaty with Turkey, 2 which he says is to settle
the duties, and to do away with the Monopolies ; it's
1 A monopoly of working the sulphur mines in Sicily was granted
to a Frenchman named Taix in August 1838. The abolition of it
was demanded by the British Government in 1840, and refused by
the Government of the Two Sicilies, but conceded a few months later
in response to the mediation of France.
2 On November 16, 1838, a treaty between Great Britain and
Turkey was ratified, whereby the duty on import of British goods
was regulated, and a charge was levied on English shipping entering
the Dardanelles and the Black Sea. English goods passing through
Turkey for exportation were allowed to go free.
20 LORD J. RUSSELL AND RESIGNATION DET.IQ
to settle the Duties according to the value of the
articles. It is a great step, we both agreed. Lord
Melbourne had sent me a box full of despatches from
Constantinople, which he said I needn't read all
through ; that the private letters and Mr. Bulwer's l
despatch would show what it was intended to do.
Saturday, I5th September. Lord Melbourne said
he must get Lord Granville to speak to Louis Philippe
about this Mexican and Buenos Ayreian business,
and explain to him the feeling there is here about it ;
Lord M. said, "Mole 2 is so touchy and so jealous " ;
that if there had been Broglie, or any other Minister,
they would have accepted the mediation of England.
I said to Lord Melbourne I had been rather surprised
at Lord John's saying to me, that he should be very
sorry to leave the Government, but thought if he
was obliged to do so, that another could be found to
replace him. Lord Melbourne said, " It's what he
said to me ; but I think he sees now that wouldn't
do." Lord M. continued, that Lord John meant
by that, that having lost a good deal of influence
by the strong declaration he made in the early part
of last Session, if he was to retire from the Govern-
ment, another leader could be found, who hadn't
pledged himself, and " who would regain the con-
fidence of that party." " But I told him," con-
tinued Lord Melbourne, " that would never do ; it
would never do for me to give the Government a more
1 See post, p. 22.
2 Mole was Louis Philippe's Prime Minister at this time. Somewhat
exacting demands having been made upon the Mexican nation by
the French Government, followed by the despatch of a blockading
squadron, there were protests against the interruption of commerce
stimulated by English and American merchants. A naval force was
consequently despatched to Mexico to protect British interests. See
Vol. I., p. 394.
1838] CANADIAN BOUNDARY QUESTION 2i
radical character." Lord M. told him that he need
make no declaration now, before Parliament meets,
but wait till then, and see what course it will be best
to pursue. Of course, Lord John don't like if many
of our friends vote against him ; Lord Melbourne
said 50 did, last session, principally belonging to
the Government. " We must put it to them," said
Lord Melbourne, " that if they do vote they'll most
probably break up the Government ; and then see
what they'll do."
Spoke then about Canada, and Uncle said that
the Boundary Question l would give us trouble,
which Lord M. said it already did ; of the number
of Troops there 10,000 which Uncle said it would
be good to keep there ; Lord M. agreed in that,
but said the difficulty would be great, the empire
being so large, and so spread all over the world ;
" The question is," Lord M. said, " whether the
country is up to it ; whether the feeling of the
country is such." And, in which Uncle agreed,
" Such an Empire as this must go on ; it can't
stand still, else it goes back," he added. Lord Mel-
bourne said the British Army at any time never
amounted to 60,000 men. Then they spoke of
Russia, and the difficulty to act against it. " She
retires into inaccessibility," said Lord M., " into
her snows and frosts."
Sunday, I6th September. He then read over that
1 For fifty years there had been difficulties between Great Britain
and the State of Maine with respect to the frontier line of New Bruns-
wick, and President Van Buren, in his message to Congress in December
1837, said that a settlement seemed as remote as at the time of
signing the treaty of peace in 1783. This dispute led to serious
consequences in January 1839, when some lawless citizens of the
State of Maine invaded the debatable territory and made extensive
fellings of timber.
II 3
22 FRANCE AND RUSSIA c*r.i9
part of Mr. Bulwer's l despatch which I couldn't
quite understand, and explained it to me. He told
me yesterday that the only thing against Bulwer
was, his being considered such a Radical abroad ;
" Metternich would view any thing coming from him
with suspicion," said Lord Melbourne, and he added
laughing, "He (Metternich) would hardly think it
safe to be in the same room with him."
Monday, 17th September. He then told me that
Uncle had spoken to him on a very delicate matter,
namely, about maintaining our Alliance with France.
Uncle, he said, told him that if Russia were to change
her tone and to say to France, " Why, let us look to
our own interests, let me go on with my conquests
in my part of the Globe, and you may take Savoy
and the Rhine and Belgium " Louis Philippe would
be rather impressed with it ; and Uncle told Lord
M. that " we ought to manager Louis Philippe " ;
for, Lord M. agrees, that an Alliance with Russia
would be most pernicious to us ; and it seems by what
Lord M. told me, that the King (L.P.) is somewhat
hurt and annoyed at Lord Palmerston, and much hurt
at not having been mentioned in the Speech, Uncle
told Lord M. ; that is, it's not having been stated
that we were on good terms with France. Lord M.
said, " I must say I think that's as well got rid of ;
1 Henry Bulwer (afterwards Lord Balling), an elder brother of the
author of Pelham. He was Secretary of Embassy at Constantinople,
and had just achieved a diplomatic success in negotiating a com-
mercial treaty with the Porte. After a short time spent as charge
d'affaires at Paris, he was appointed British Ambassador at Madrid,
where he was at the time of the " Spanish Marriages." Many of his
various diplomatic activities are recorded in his Life of Palmerston.
He was a man of keen discernment but of variable temper. He was
one of the first public men to note the rare tact and diplomatic skill
of the Prince of Wales, afterwards King Edward VII.
1838] QUESTIONS OF ALLIANCE 23
it's invidious to the others, and is always repeating
the same Cuckoo song."
Tuesday, 18th September. Lord Melbourne said,
" I asked Palmerston if the King had spoken to him
about his own affairs," and Lord P. said he had not,
but that Van de Weyer had told him (Ld. P.) that
he meant to do so, as he (the K.) thought it would
appear odd if he didn't do so. Lord M. said he
fancied Uncle was a little angry with Lord Palmer-
ston ; and " The King of the French is a good deal
nettled at Palmerston " ; Lord M. said Uncle told
him that the Alliance with England wasn't very much
liked in France, as they got nothing by it, and as
we wouldn't let them take anything. " They say,"
continued Lord M., " ' Austria has got a good deal,
Prussia has got all along the Rhine, and Russia has
got Poland, but we've got nothing.' " That conse-
quently an Alliance with Russia would be very much
liked. Lord M. thinks that even when France and
England were so much opposed to each other, the
French and English never hated each other.
Dressed in my Windsor uniform, and cap, like
last year, and at a J to 2 I mounted Leopold, and
rode to the ground with Uncle en grande tenue, Lord
Hill, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Portman, Lady
Portman, Col. Fremantle, Capt. Hill (Aide-de-Camp
to Lord Hill), Sir William Lumley, 1 Sir G. Quentin,
all in uniform, Col. Cavendish and his son, the
Page of Honour preceding us, and Lord Palmer-
ston and Lord Cowper not in uniform, and Lord
Falkland and Lord Torrington in the Windsor
uniform, with an Escort. The others went in
1 Gen. Sir William Lumley, G.C.B., son of the 4th Earl of Scar-
borough. He had been A.D.C. to the Duke of Wellington during the
Peninsular War.
24 A PRETTY REVIEW DET.IG
carriages, as follows : First carriage : Aunt Louise,
Mamma, Mme. d'Hogvorst, Lady Mary ; 2nd, Lady
Cowper, Lady Forbes, Miss Paget, and Lady Gar-
diner ; 3rd, Lehzen, Miss Anson, and Lord Melbourne ;
4th, Van de Weyer, Aerschot. We received the
Salute, and then cantered up to the Lines, when
Leopold (I can't think why) went such a pace that I
thought he was running away, but he went beautifully
down the Lines and between the ranks, the drums
beating and bands playing in his face ; but when I
cantered back to the Standard he played me the
same trick, and I could hardly stop him ; but he
amply made up afterwards by standing like a lamb,
throughout the Review, in which there was a good
deal of firing. It was a very pretty Review, and
the Troops did admirably ; the Duke of Wellington
said that it was as pretty a one as he had ever
seen ; I was stationed between Uncle and Lord Hill,
the Duke being next Lord Hill. I expressed my
satisfaction with the Troops to Sir James Hope 1
after the Review ; and I rode up to the carriage in
which Aunt Louise, &c., were, and the one in which
Lady Cowper, &c., were, and to the one in which
Daisy and my good Lord Melbourne were. We rode
back to the Castle at a J p. 4 ; put on my usual
habit, and all the other gentlemen took off their
uniforms, and at a J to 5 I rode out with Uncle,
Aunt, Mamma (who didn't ride the whole way), Lord
Melbourne, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Cowper,
Lord Palmerston, Lord and Lady Portman, Lord
Torrington, Lady Forbes, Col. Cavendish, and the
Page of Honour, and came home at J p. 6. I
1 Sir James Archibald Hope (1785-1871), had been Assistant
Adjutant-General in the Peninsula. From 1814 to 1839 he was
Lieut. -Colonel in the 3rd Foot Guards (now Scots Guards).
1838] THE FRENCH IN ALGIERS 25
rode Tartar, who went delightfully ; it was a very
pleasant though short ride. I rode the whole time
between Uncle and Lord Melbourne. Spoke to Lord
Melbourne of Leopold's running away a little bit,
which he said he thought he observed ; of Mamma's
horse going so slowly, and Lord M. said, " We came
a pretty good pace " ; of my wishing to have a
monkey, which Lord M. has a great horror of. I
forgot to say that Lord M. showed me in the morning
a letter from Lady Holland from Paris, who com-
plains of his being " stubbornly silent." I told
Lord Melbourne that Uncle had been somewhat
surprised at the Duke of Wellington's having spoken,
after dinner, against the French having Algiers * ;
Lord M. said, " The King is favourable to that ;
we dislike it very much here ; and the Duke does
particularly." I said Uncle said that the French
must have a place to fight in, and go to. Lord M.
said, " There is something in that." Spoke of Uncle's
having said that the Life Guards and Household
Troops ought to be stronger ; Lord M. replied, " It
would be as well," but that the expense would be
so great ; the King wants them to be 600 strong,
whereas they are only 300. The Empire is so great,
Lord M. said, that the Army must be spread all
over the World ; the whole Army altogether don't
exceed 90,000 men, he told me. There are 15,000
men in Canada, and 15 or 16,000 in Ireland, which,
as Lord M. says, isn't too much.
Wednesday -, I9th September. Lord M. spoke of the
1 The African expedition of the French had been successful, and
Constantino was captured, the Due de Nemours being present. In the
French Chamber, however, there was much difference of opinion upon
the policy pursued by the French Ministers. The occupation of Algiers
was not popular in France.
II 3*
26 LORD PORTMAN'S WEALTH t*x.i9
people's great civility to me now, whereas they were
rude to the King and put on their hats when they
saw him, particularly in Buckinghamshire, " which
used to annoy the King very much " ; " but there
was nothing to be done for it."
Thursday, 20th September. Lord M. said that
Uncle was so much surprised to hear of Lord Port-
man's great riches, but Lord M. thinks they must
have exaggerated it in saying he had 100,000 a
year ; Lord M. said all his riches consist in
property in London ; Portman and Bryanston
Squares belong to him ; his grandfather, Lord M.
told me, was very asthmatic and bought a Farm in
Portman Square, then considered the Country, in
order to live out of London, and thus originated his
great wealth.
Friday, 21st September. Spoke of eating and
drinking, and dessert being unwholesome ; as one
eats it without real appetite ; " and I am of that
opinion," said Lord Melbourne ; that he believed
what one ate after dinner, and the few glasses of wine
one drank, hurt one, and that if one was to get up
before that it would be much better. " That's why
I should like to get up with the ladies," said Lord
Melbourne ; " but it never has been the practice
here." I said it was a very bad habit that of the
gentlemen sitting in that way after dinner. He
remembers, in the country, in the houses of fox-
hunters, sitting till 11 or 12, and " coming in and
finding all the women yawning." " I can't bear it,"
said Lord M., " though I did like it too, formerly. I
believe the ladies like it ; they like to have a little time
to arrange their hair, and to talk." I said I didn't.
He continued, " Of course the men were very much
elevated by wine ; but it tended to increase the
1838] CONCERNING CHURCH-GOING 27
gaiety of society, it produced diversity." " In
every party," said Lord M., " there were generally
10 or 12 in that state." Lord M. said he never
saw any body eat and drink so much as George IV. ;
in 1798 it was beyond everything ; and his spirits
and love of fun beyond everything, too. Of doing
business. " All depends on the urgency of a thing,"
said Lord M. " If a thing is very urgent, you can
always find time for it; but if a thing can be put
off, why then you put it off."
Saturday, 22nd September. Spoke for some time
of church-going ; and Lord Melbourne said he never
used to go, after he left Eton ; " My Father and
Mother never went," he said. " People didn't use
to go so much formerly ; it wasn't the fashion ;
but it is a right thing to do." He said Uncle, last
year, wanted me to go twice, but Lord M. assured
him (as it is) that that was unnecessary. George III.,
Lord M. believes, never went twice, though a strict
man ; and wasn't at all for all those Puritanical
notions ; and he's the person, Lord M. said, to look
to in all these matters. Lord M. said it wasn't
well to puzzle myself with controversies, but read
the simple truths ; the Psalms he thinks very difficult
to understand, and he thinks very probably not
rightly translated.
Sunday, 23rd September. We spoke of the Duke
of York, and when he died. " We didn't think he
was dying," said Lord M., " he always thought he
would outlive the King ; for I know he told to people
whom I know, what he intended to do." Lord M. said
if he had become King, he never would have consented
to the Catholic Emancipation, he would have sacri-
ficed anything sooner than have done it. I observed
George IV. disliked it, which Lord M. said he cer-
28 THE SPANIARDS AND SLAVERY DET.IO
tainly did, but he did it. " He was a much cleverer
man," said Lord M., " and saw the necessity of
giving way."
Monday, 24<th September. Spoke of the Spaniards
still carrying on the Slave Traffic under their own
Flag ; though we have a Treaty with them ; Lord M.
said, " We can prevent that, for we have the mutual
right of search " ; and he added also, " by the article
of equipment," which means, he said, if a Vessel
is found which can instantly be recognised as a
Slaver by its peculiar equipments, bolts to fasten
the Chains to, we can seize it. Lord M. said, Bux-
ton's l notion of our taking country along the coast,
and establishing Ports in order to prevent the Traffic,
would never do, for, he said, if we told the French
they mightn't conquer about Algiers, we couldn't
say that, "if we are taking the Coast ourselves."
Speaking of Mr. Buxton, Lord Melbourne said,
" He certainly is a clever man and a rational man " ;
and a great follower and friend of Wilberforce's ;
Lord M. said he heard Wilberforce's Life was very
entertaining ; spoke of their (his two sons) having
published things about people which they oughtn't
to have done ; Lord M. told me the letter of his
they had published was in answer to one Wilber-
force had written to him about Queen Caroline ;
" They shouldn't have published that letter," said
Lord M., " for it was quite confidential." He was a
very little man, Lord M. said, " with a pretty
expression, benevolent." " He had a beautiful
voice," said Lord M., " very melodious ; he sang
very well ; but he gave that up ; he didn't think
1 Thomas Fowell Buxton (1786-1845), co-operated with Wilber-
force in his exertions to abolish slavery. He was created a baronet
in 1840. He married Hannah, daughter of John Gurney of Earlham.
1838] RECOLLECTIONS OF GEORGE IV. 29
that right ; he sang Psalms, but he used to sing
after supper." Lord M. told me (what he had
already done when we looked at some pictures in
the morning) that he wore his hair long, as all boys
then did, till he was 17 ; (how handsome he must
have looked) ; but that " it was always dirty " ;
a boy, he said, can't comb his long hair as a girl can,
and that it got matted, so that no comb would go
through ; he only cut it just before he left Eton.
I asked him if his hair was always so dark. He said,
" It was about the colour of Your Majesty's hair, I
should say, when I was a child." He thinks mine
so much darker than it was, which it certainly is.
Spoke of Uncle Leopold, whom he still thinks hand-
some ; " he has a fine expression," he said ; and
Uncle Ernest he also admires ; he likes Uncle
Leo's low voice, and thinks it very agreeable.
Lord M. never saw Knighton. Spoke of George IV.
with Lord M. for a long time ; it is so interesting
to talk with Lord M. on all subjects, and he knew
George IV. so well, that it's peculiarly curious. He
said George IV. seemed to be a Whig before he came
to the Throne, but that " he did it from opposition
and not from principle." " His principles all along
were the contrary," Lord M. added some time
afterwards. Lord M. did not see much of him latterly ;
Lord M. came into office for the first time in 1827,
and entered Parliament in 1806. The Duchess of
Devonshire and all those Whigs " were the leading
people of fashion," said Lord M., " and he (Prince
of Wales) naturally fell into all that." George IV.'s
income as Prince of Wales, Lord M. said, was settled
in 1783 at 50,000 a year, and he got into debt, and
came to have his debts paid in '87. He had to pay
his Establishment out of it ; but, Lord M. said, an
30 LADY HOLLAND'S LETTER urr.i9
Establishment then didn't cost near so much as it
does now. Lord M. said, " The Prince of Wales is
born Duke of Cornwall ; he isn't made, but is born
so," and the revenue is his. " It vests in the
Sovereign now," he continued, " as there is no
Prince of Wales." George III. educated George IV.
out of this. Lord M. continued, that he thinks
George III. might have managed George IV. better,
for that the latter was very much afraid of his
Father, and yet very fond of him.
Tuesday, 25th September. Lord M. then gave me
a most amusing letter from Lady Holland to read,
which made us both laugh very much. She is ill,
and unable to go out, and in a great state. She
writes to Lord Melbourne : " Please write a line to
say you pity me." The 4 last words are repeated
twice. Her account of Mole, too, is amusing ; he
was handsome, she said, and now he is " under jawed
and ugly." She likewise says Lord Coke l (Lord
Leicester's son) is at Paris, with a French Tutor,
to learn French, recommended by Guizot, but who
is so taciturn that he never speaks at all, and so she
says the boy has little chance of learning French.
I told Lord M. that in returning from the Review,
I said jokingly to Uncle, " It's a pity I cannot wear
a Uniform," and he replied that I must be a Prince
to do that, and added quite seriously, "It's a great
pity you are not a Prince." This made Lord Mel-
bourne laugh much, and he said, " You didn't like
that ? " I replied, " I said I thought so too."
Spoke to Lord Melbourne of his being at Eton, which
he liked pretty well, but home much better ; of
his being fagged, but never a regular fag. I asked
him if the boys ill-treated him much. " Not much,"
1 Thomas William, afterwards second Earl of Leicester (1822-1909).
1838] SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE AFFAIRS 31
he replied ; " they beat me sometimes, but that was
to be expected." He didn't like fighting much,
particularly with big boys. " I never stood to be
licked." " I remember going out to fight with a
boy once," he continued, " and after the first round I
gave it up ; he was a tall boy and had much longer
arms and pounded me amazingly ; and I saw I
never could beat him ; I stood and reflected a little,
and thought to myself, and then gave it up ; I thought
that one of the most prudent acts, but I was reckoned
very dastardly for it." This showed already his
good sense, and gentle temper. Spoke of there never
being quite 500 boys at Eton ; of Harrow, where
Lord Palmerston was. Stayed up till 20 m. p. 11.
Wednesday, 26th September. Of Spain, affairs
looking so very ill there. Lord M. said Lord Palmer-
ston is still sanguine, and attributes most of the bad
success of the Spanish Government to France ; for
that the Queen Regent does not wish to have an
Exaltado Government for fear of displeasing Louis
Philippe. " But I'm afraid," said Lord Palmerston,
" that neither Exaltado or Moderado have any
talent " ; and he added what a bad thing it was for
the country to have a succession of Governments,
one weaker than the other. Spoke of the length of
time that this unhappy state of affairs has been
going on ; Ferdinand died in '33, and the Quadruple
Treaty * was concluded in '34 ; spoke of the mis-
fortune of Don Carlos's having escaped from here,
1 The Quadruple Alliance of 1834 was signed by England, France,
Spain, and Portugal. It confirmed Dona Maria on the throne of
Portugal, which she had gained by the aid of English troops in oppo-
sition to her usurping Uncle Miguel. This treaty was Palmerston's
answer to that of Munchengratz, by which Russia, Prussia, and Austria
had agreed to support one another against the liberalizing tendencies
resulting from the revolutions of 1830.
32 THE FRENCH STAGE c*x. 19
which nobody thought he would have had the
courage and determination to do. " Nothing so bad,"
said Lord M., " as overrating the weakness of an
enemy." Spoke of Louis Philippe's fear of Spain.
Lord M. said he couldn't bear to take an active
part in the affairs there, "as he considers it always
to have been the grave of French Armies, as
it has been"; and then he fears any revolution
taking place there, as that would affect him. . . .
Spoke of the impious and dreadful things the French
now introduced upon the stage, whereas formerly,
Lord M. said, they never killed any body on the
stage, and accused us of doing so ; and Lord M.
said, he believed that in none of Racine's or Corneille's
Tragedies, anybody was ever killed on the stage.
Spoke of these French Tragedies which Lord Mel-
bourne admires very much ; and though he says that
Corneille had the most power, I'm glad he agrees with
me in admiring Racine the most, and he said " that
for beauty of feeling and taste " he thought there
was nothing like Racine ; he mentioned Phedre and
Athalie as his finest ; spoke of Voltaire's Zaire and
Semiramis ; he said that Voltaire copied a good
deal from the English, " like a great Master he infused
the same spirit," without taking the same words.
Zaire was very like Othello, and Semiramis very
like Hamlet, he said ; he admired the acting of these
Tragedies, and Mme. Duchenois' l acting as very fine,
though herself so ugly.
Thursday, 27th September. He told me he had
got a letter from the Duke of Wellington (Lord
Melbourne had written to the Duke to ask him for
the Will of George IV.) ; who said he had got the
Will in London, and that if it was immediately
1 Catherine Josephine Duchenois (1777-1835), a French actress.
1838] MADAME DE STAEL 33
wanted he would go up to Town for it, if not, he
would send it when he next went to Town, to the
Lord Chancellor. He also said in the letter that the
King of Hanover had written to the Duke of Cam-
bridge asking him several questions about these
Jewels, 1 and that the Duke of Cambridge asked his
(the Duke of Wellington's) advice as to what he was
to do ; the Duke of Wellington said he should not
answer or meddle with it, as this was an affair which
ought only to go through Ministers. Then Lord
Melbourne gave me a Medal (of myself) which the
City Remembrancer sent to me (and of which we
looked at a silver one last night), and I observed it
was very like ; " It's a fine head," said Lord M.,
" the nose cut up, which gives a good deal of
finesse to the look," which made me laugh. Spoke
of the Duchesse de Broglie, who, Lord M. said, spoke
English like any English person, and was very
pretty. He knew her Mother, Mme. de Stae'l, very
well, when she was here in '14 ; she was very ugly,
he said ; though she had fine eyes ; she had a
great deal of folly and showing off, but still, Lord
M. said, " She was a very superior woman." Napo-
leon couldn't bear her, nor she him, he said ; and
Lord M. told me the famous anecdote ; when she
was making a long discourse to Napoleon, he abruptly
said, "Est-ce que vous nourrissez vos enfants?"
1 The King of Hanover claimed the Crown Jewels which had been
left under the will of Queen Charlotte to the eldest living representative
of the House of Hanover. The matter was inquired into by a Com-
mission presided over by Lord Lyndhurst, the other members being
Lord Langdale and Chief Justice Tindal. Lords Lyndhurst and Lang-
dale differed in opinion, and the Chief Justice died before the award
was made. It was not until 1857 nearly twenty years later that
a decision was given, under which the greater part of the jewels claimed
were handed over to the King of Hanover.
34 MADAME DE STAEL'S WORKS DET. 19
Then, Lord Melbourne said, she had been great friends
with Talleyrand, and then broke with him, and he
told me the following funny anecdote, which is said
to have given rise to the Quarrel. Mme. de Stael
and Talleyrand and Mme. de Souza (Flahaut's
Mother) were all in a boat together, and Mme. de
Stael said it would be the proof of love to save a
person in danger ; and she asked which of the two
he (T.) would save ; he said to her, " Madame, vous,
qui savez tout, savez nager."
Friday, 28th September. Spoke of Pozzo's speak-
ing such odd, and not always quite intelligible,
French ; of Lord Melbourne's disliking to speak it,
which he told me last night, and again this morning,
he did ; he said last night, when one spoke in
language one wasn't master of, " one feels quite
in prison and in chains." I asked Lord Melbourne
if he admired Mme. de Stael' s works ; he said he did,
and that her conversation was very agreeable and
clever ; Schlegel he saw here with her, but he won't
allow that Schlegel gave her the most of the fine
notions in her books, with the exception of a book
upon Germany, which he says Schlegel did help
her in. Corinne he admires. Talleyrand said
of Mme. de Stael, Lord M. told me, " Elle est in-
supportable ; elle n'a que ce defaut-la." She was
not tall, he said, had fine, full arms which she was
fond of showing, fine eyes, a large and ugly mouth and
nose, a square face, and not an agreeable expression.
Spoke of Pozzo ; " He can't bear to be contra-
dicted," said Lord Melbourne ; and that " you must
listen to him, and then just put in what you have
to say," saying, There's a good deal in that,
but you must admit so and so. Spoke of Lady
Holland ; " She has no religion, but she has every
1838] RELIGION AND DEATH 35
sort of superstition," said Lord M. I asked if she
disbelieved in religion ; he said she did. How un-
happy must this be in the end, for a person, " in
the hour of death and in the day of judgment,"
when reliance on an all-powerful God and an all-
merciful Redeemer is such a balm, and such a conso-
lation ! Lord M. spoke of the gallant behaviour of
a girl called Grace Darling, the daughter of a man
who takes care of a light-house on the Northumber-
land coast; a steamer was lately blown up there,
and a number of people perished and this girl went
out in a boat by herself and saved nine people. 1
Spoke of the book Lady Holland had sent him, which
led us to speak of her fear of dying, which Lord
Melbourne said was so very great, and haunted her
night and day, though she had no apprehension as
to what was to become of her hereafter. I said
I thought people who didn't believe in religion
had always more fear of death. " They generally
have," Lord M. replied. Lord M. don't think there
is such a total disregard of religion in France as
there is said to be ; though he thinks France is the
country in which there is the greatest disregard for
religion ; I said I thought England was the one in
which there was the most feeling for it, in which
Lord M. agreed ; he don't like, he said, those wild
notions which have sprung up lately in some parts
of Germany ; "I like what is tranquil and stable,"
he added.
1 Grace Darling was twenty-three years old, the daughter of the
lighthouse keeper on the Fame Islands. In point of fact the girl
was not alone in the boat, but helped her father to row it. She was
granted a gold medal and 50 by the Treasury ; but a sum of 750
was raised for her. In return she was obliged to cut off nearly all
her hair, as tokens of remembrance, for her admirers. She died of
consumption in 1842.
36 COMMUNICATION WITH THE POPE C*T.IO
Saturday, 29th September. Lord M. told me he
had seen Esterhazy, who was rather anxious about
this Belgian business, and Lord M. said it was rather
awkward to have to return and to be unable to state
any progress to his Court. Said Lord Palmerston
had complained of receiving no answer from the
Belgians ; and that Van de Weyer had told him
Uncle rather wished the Confederation to take
possession by force of Luxembourg (which they would
be obliged to do) and which Lord P. said he doubted
Uncle could wish ; Lord M. doubted it also, but said
Uncle might possibly wish to prove to the Belgians
how impossible it was for him to prevent it, and thus
get out of it. Lord M. told me Lord Clifford l had
been with him a long time, so long that he thought
he never would go. He wants us, Lord M. said, to
establish a communication with the Pope, and to
settle with him about sending Priests to India, for
that all the Catholics there were in the hands of the
Portuguese Priests, 2 who were very depraved and
taught everything that was bad ; he wants us to
repeal the Law, which renders it criminal to have
any thing to do with the Pope, and have an Ambas-
sador at Rome, which Lord M. thinks he would like
to be himself ; Lord M. said it certainly was a great
inconvenience to be unable to have any communi-
cation with the Pope, who was still a great man in
Europe ; (there has been no communication since
James II.'s time). 3 " And it would be a very good
1 Hugh Charles, seventh Lord Clifford of Chudleigh (1790-1858),
a supporter of Lord Melbourne's Government. A Roman Catholic,
he ultimately resided almost entirely in Italy.
2 From Goa.
3 In James II.'s time Roger Palmer, Earl of Castlemaine, husband
of Barbara Palmer, was sent on a mission to reconcile England to the
Vatican. On this he was subsequently indicted, and was one of the
1838] DRAWINGS AND PRINTS 37
thing to repeal that law, but it wouldn't do to try
in this country " ; that the feeling was still so great.
I then, with Lord Melbourne, looked over a book
of very fine old original Drawings (of which I told
him before we began to look, some weren't quite
eligible and were tacked together) ; he admired them
much ; one, he said, represented ^neas with the
Sibyl ; which I remembered reading in Virgil ; and
I asked Lord M. if he didn't think Virgil very hard ;
he said the hardest author there was, which is a
consolation. We then looked at some very fine old
prints, portraits, heads, amongst which was Car-
dinal Borromeo's ; he is preserved at Milan and seen
through a Crystal Tomb ; and Lord M. said Lord
Dudley wrote once from Milan : " I've this morning
seen Cardinal Borromeo, and Rogers, both in an
equal state of Preservation." Lord M. said George III.
bought all these Drawings for 25,000 Crowns ; they
belonged to Cardinal Albani's Collection ; and
George IV. spent 40,000 in prints.
Sunday, 30th September. Lord M. spoke of some
of the Eton boys ; of Mr. Anson, 1 whom he likes
very much ; of the late Duke of Norfolk's having
taken into his head once, the strange fancy of giving
a dinner to all the descendants of the Jockey (I
think) Duke of Norfolk, 2 in Richard's time ; and he
victims of Titus Gates. He defended himself with spirit, and was
acquitted. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the Govern-
ment of Mr. Gladstone sent Sir George Errington, M.P., on a mission
to Pope Leo XIII.
1 George Anson, son of the Very Rev. Frederick Anson, sometime
Dean of Chester. At this time he was Private Secretary to Lord
Melbourne, and afterwards to Prince Albert.
2 Sir John Howard (1430-85), a close adherent of the house of York,
who was killed at the Battle of Bosworthwith his master Richard III.,
who had created him Duke of Norfolk in 1483. He was famous for
II 4
38 SCHOLARSHIP AT ETON t*r.i9
went on till he found 6,000 ! ! and then he thought
it was time to stop !
Sunday, 2nd October. Spoke of Lady Lyttelton,
who Lord M. said wasn't very young when she married,
about 23. I said I thought 23 quite young enough to
marry ; " So do I," said Lord M., " but girls begin
to be nervous when they are past 19," and think
they'll never marry if " they are turned 20." We
spoke of Eton, the different forms. Lord M. said,
" I was a deuced good scholar when I entered the
5th form ; but I went a very bad one into the
sixth." Spoke of the Masters, and its being such
dreadful work to have to look over 60 or 70 exercises ;
said nothing the Masters used to dislike so much as
when the boys used to come with an exercise of
perhaps 50 or 60 Iambics, to look over ; " My tutor
used to complain of that," said Lord M. " He said,
* Why do you bring me this so late at night ? ' "
He spoke of a very odd boy of the name of Harry
Drury, who was at school with him, and who, in
order to plague his Master, used to pick out all the
oddest and most " cramped words " from Cicero,
and put them into his exercises, and then puzzle
his Master, who asked, c What authority have
you for this ? ' ' Cicero,' he answered then."
Lord M. said, " I never felt so lowered as when I
came back (home) and had no power " ; for, Lord
M. said, that a head boy has immense power ; a
look of his is like the law to another boy, who would
never think of disobeying ; and many tyrannize
amazingly, he said. Spoke of the different ways of
fagging, though he never was, or had, any par-
ticular regular fag. There were 24 boys generally
the large number of high offices which he held, and was known as the
Jockey of Norfolk.
1838] CONCERNING FLOWERS AND FARMING 39
in the Upper School, he said. His brother Frederick
went to Eton when he was about eight, and so did
his brother George. . . .
Wednesday, 3rd October. Lord M. said that if
the Head of all didn't like or care for a thing, it
couldn't thrive ; George IV. and King William neither
cared for flowers ; Lord M. said if the Queen Dowager
didn't care for flowers, it was useless expense keeping
them up. " That's why I think," he added, " people
should never have what they don't like." Spoke of
the Farms ; George III.'s liking them ; old George
Villiers * having managed them for him ; of George IV.
having let them, which was very inconvenient ;
of its being impossible to keep up Game without
corn fields, or without feeding them, of pigs, which
I thought ugly, which he didn't, and he said they
were not so dirty as they were supposed to be.
Thursday, Ath October. Spoke of the Queen
Dowager's having embarked ; of my having got a
letter from Feodore in the morning, who complained
of headaches, and Lord M. said funnily, " When those
people get back and among their children, they
don't dress, and nothing's so bad for a woman."
He said Esterhazy told him that the late King of
Naples 2 was a coward, and he told him, to prove it,
that he went out shooting one day, and a wild boar
came out after him, and he climbed up a tree and
said, " Non e paura ma antipatia naturale." Now
Lord M. don't think which is true that this is a
proof of cowardice. . . .
1 George Bussy Villiers, fourth Earl of Jersey and seventh Vis-
count Grandison (1735-1805), known as " The Prince of Macaronies."
He held various court appointments, culminating in those of Lord of
the Bedchamber and Master of the Horse to George IV., when Prince
of Wales.
2 Francis I., " King of the Two Sicilies," 1825-30,
40 THE ROYAL GEORGES [*x. 19
Friday, 5th October. Lord M. said Brougham
had written an answer in The Edinburgh Review to
Taylor's pamphlet (as we both predicted) maintaining
his ground and attacking George IV. very violently.
Lord M. has only seen the extract of it in the papers.
George IV. hated Brougham, he said, and he hated
George IV. The latter disliked very much his
(B.'s) having the Silk Gown, Lord M. said, which
however he did get, in Canning's administration ;
Taylor said that Queen Charlotte never intrigued,
upon which Brougham answered, " George III.
wouldn't have allowed it and would have treated
her as George I. did his wife " ; of which, Lord M.
said, there is an account in Walpole ; but Brougham
is wrong, Lord M. said, in saying George I. murdered
her. We both agreed, however, that George I. and
George III. were very different characters. Said I
thought George I. was rather a weak man. " Clever-
ish man," replied Lord Melbourne. " George I. was
brought to this country by one party, and he had
difficult cards to play." Spoke of Prince Doria's
marrying Lady Mary Talbot l ; of his having been
advised to come over and marry her, and that I
thought such marriages seldom succeeded. Lord M.
said, " It's not what happens before the marriage ;
but what happens after it, that is of consequence.
They say," he continued, " that the happiest mar-
riages are those where the woman's taken by force."
Spoke of my having read in Walpole about
George II. 's death ; of his fondness for Sir Robert,
of his hunting in Richmond Park, and then dining
1 Lady Mary Alathea Beatrix Talbot, daughter of the seventeenth
Earl of Shrewsbury, married Philip Andrew, Prince Doria Pamphilj
Landi, an$ was raised to the rank of a Princess by the King of
Bavaria,
1838] SCOTTISH UNIVERSITIES 41
with Sir Robert at the Lodge ; of his always talking
in Latin with Sir Robert. Lord Melbourne said
when he (Ld. M.) was at Glasgow, they always were
examined, questioned, and lectured, in Latin ; and
" we answered in Latin." He went to Glasgow
immediately after he left Cambridge. Asked him
if it was his own wish or if he was sent there. Lord
M. replied, " It was a good deal my own wish, but
it was very much promoted by the Duke of Bedford
and Lord Lauderdale, who were great friends of
ours ; Francis, Duke of Bedford." Lord Melbourne
said there is " more study " there ; " less mathe-
matics and more politics." Lord M. said there were
" very few gentlemen " there, then, but much fewer
still now, as the Universities were very much gone
off now, and were then famous for the people at the
head of them, who were of the greatest eminence.
Lord Palmerston, Lord Lansdowne, Lord John
Russell, and Dugald Stuart, were all at Edinburgh,
he said. Lord Kinnaird was at Glasgow.
Lord Melbourne looked at a picture of Queen
Charlotte which was put up in the drawing-room
on trial, and said she was very plain and small,
" Well made and a good figure, though she had had
many children ; and very civil ; a good manner."
Lady Lyttelton asked leave to put on spectacles
for working ; and Lord M. said, her asking leave
showed she understood etiquette, for he said formerly
nobody was allowed to come to Court in spectacles,
or use glasses ; that Mr. Burke, when he was first
presented at Court, was told he must take off his
spectacles ; and that Lord M. said he remembered
as long as anything, that no one (man) was
allowed to wear gloves at Court. 1 I praised Lady
1 These customs have never been abandoned, and still obtain.
IT 4*
42 THE LYTTELTON FAMILY [*T. 19
Lyttelton and said she was such a nice person ;
in which Lord M. quite agreed ; Lord M. said he
knew her before her marriage, which took place in
1810, he thinks ; (she came out he thinks in 1804,
the same year as his sister did, and they are just
the same age), but he didn't know her, he said,
" before I married." Spoke of her feeling Lord
Lyttelton's death much, of Lord Lyttelton's being
younger than Lord Melbourne, which I should never
have believed ; "he was a good man, but an odd
man " ; Lord M. said it was an old and distinguished
name ; that there had been one distinguished for
his great piety and another for great profligacy, who
was called " the wicked Lord Lyttelton," l and who,
Lord M. thinks, was great-uncle to the late Lord.
The pious one " wrote the Life of Henry II., a very
good book, and he also wrote some tracts ; his son
was very different and went quite the other way,
and made the country stand on ends by what he
did." Spoke of the present Lord being a nice young
man." 2
Saturday, 6th October. Told Lord M. that Lehzen
1 Thomas, 2nd Baron Lyttelton (1744-79), known as "the
wicked Lord Lyttelton," succeeded his father George, who, after
holding the office of Chancellor of the Exchequer, was made a peer
in 1737. The first Lord was the author of several books, including
A Monody to the Memory of a Lady lately Deceased, Dialogues of the
Dead, and a Life of Henry II., which was reviewed by Gibbon. His
wicked son was the author of two novels, and is one of the persons
to whom the Letters of Junius are attributed.
2 George William, fourth Lord Lyttelton, a brilliant scholar. He
married a daughter of Sir Stephen Glynne, a sister of Mrs. Gladstone.
His mother (see ante, Vol. I., p. 208) was Lady Superintendent to the
Queen's children, and a writer of delightful letters which were
privately printed by her grand-daughter Lady Frederick Cavendish.
The fourth Lord Lyttelton was chiefly known to fame as the father
of a family of sons remarkably distinguished in the domain of
cricket, and subsequently in the graver service of the nation.
1838] QUESTIONS OF ROYAL MARRIAGE 43
and I had been disputing about the right the Sove-
reign had here, of preventing any of the Royal Family
marrying after they were of age, and that they must
all ask his or her leave ; Lehzen maintained that
she had seen in Blackstone that after they were of
age they might marry any Prince or Princess not a
subject without the Sovereign's leave. 1 Lord M.
said he was almost certain they could not, " but one
can never be quite sure," and that we had best ask
the Chancellor about it ; and he believes the Princess
Charlotte could not have married Uncle if she was
of age, without her Father's permission. The Prince
or Princess wishing to marry give notice to the Privy
Council of their intention, and if it isn't objected to
for a year, it may take place. Spoke of Charles I.'s
intended marriage to the Infanta of Spain, which
Lord M. said " was extremely distasteful to the
nation," as they wished a Protestant Princess,
and this marriage was broken off by the Duke of
Buckingham, who quarrelled with Cardinal Olivarez,
and they offended the Spanish Court amazingly ;
Buckingham then took Charles I. back by Paris,
where he formed the match with Henrietta Maria,
" which was not half so much " disliked as the other,
though, Lord Melbourne said, the Country always
1 By the Royal Marriage Act, 1772, no descendant of George II.
(other than the issue of Princesses married into foreign families)
can marry without the Sovereign's consent, signified under the Great
Seal and declared in Council. A marriage without that consent is
void, and certain penalties attach to persons present or assisting at it,
But any such descendant, if over twenty-five, may, after one year's
notice to the Privy Council, marry without the Sovereign's consent,
unless both Houses of Parliament shall, before the year is out, express
disapproval of the proposed marriage. Two points are noticeable
here : 1st, no distinction is drawn between a marriage with a subject
and one with a person of royal blood ; 2ndly, a marriage in defiance
of the Act is void, not merely " morganatic." See Vol. L, p. 390.
44 WALPOLE AND QUEEN CAROLINE [*r.i9
suspected Charles when he asked for money to defend
the Elector Palatine, that he would use it in France
against the Protestants ; they urged him, Lord M.
said, to assist the Elector Palatine, and then would
give him no money ; " they always suspected him
of having a leaning for the Roman Catholic Religion,
and I suppose he had," continued Lord M. James I.,
Lord M. said, was far too proud to think of " marrying
his son to a little German Princess," and there were
hardly any Protestant Kings then ; and he wished
a great match. Spoke of Catherine of Braganza,
" who was a quiet inoffensive woman " ; Anne Hyde,
he said, became Roman Catholic when she married
James II.
Lord M. said, " Have you read much in Guizot ? "
Replied I had not, and wanted first to finish Walpole.
" I'm afraid that Walpole's a dull book." l I agreed
it was very ill written ; said the account of Queen
Caroline (George II.'s wife) was very curious. " And
I believe that's very true," he said. Spoke of her
great cleverness, rigidness, learnedness ; of no person
succeeding who tried to gain favour with the King
by paying court to other people than the Queen.
Saw Lord Lansdowne. At J p. 2 I held a Council
at which were present the Lord Chancellor, Lord
Melbourne, Lord Lansdowne, Lord Palmerston, Lord
John Russell, Lord Glenelg, and Sir John Hobhouse.
Lord Melbourne told me after the Council that Mr.
Rice was not coming. Lord Melbourne talked a good
deal with me about many things. He said Lord
Lansdowne had come 70 miles, Lord John 40, and
Sir J. Hobhouse 80, this morning.
Lord Melbourne sent me a very nice, prettily
1 Memoirs of the Last Ten Years of the Reign of George II., by
Horace Walpole.
1838] CONCERNING MARRIAGE 45
and cleverly written little letter from Wilhelmine
Stanhope 1 to read; written from Cadenabbia, Lago
di Como, and giving an excellent account of Sir
Frederic 2 who was staying with them. They never
went into Milan ! ! At 8 we dined. I sat between
the Lord Chancellor and Lord Melbourne. I asked
the Chancellor if any one of the Royal Family, when
of age, could marry any body without my leave ?
He replied, " Certainly not" I turned to Lord Mel-
bourne and told him he was quite right. Spoke of
its being rather severe. I said fortunately there
was no law which gave the Sovereign the power to
make any of them marry by force ; Lord M. said there
was no such power ; though people often forced their
daughters to marry, by their influence ; and he
knew many girls would obey, if their Parents told
them it was for their best, and for their happiness.
Said I liked best to judge for oneself in such
matters. Spoke of something I had been reading in
Walpole ; spoke of sleep, and the Chancellor said he
scarcely ever got 5 hours 9 sleep, and yet was quite
well ; 3 o'clock was a very early hour to go to bed
for him ! After dinner I sat on the sofa part of the
evening with Lady Lyttelton ; and with Princess
Augusta for the last 20 minutes ; Lord Melbourne
sitting near me the whole evening, and the Lord
Chancellor, Lord Lansdowne, Lord Palmerston, some
of the ladies, being seated round the table.
1 See Vol. L, p. 188.
2 Lamb. Afterwards Lord Beauvale.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER XII
IN the month of October Lord Melbourne's prescience divined
the early fall of his Administration. The portents were fairly
obvious. A weakening Parliamentary majority and internal
dissensions, coupled with the obvious murmurs of Chartist dis-
quiet at home and the failure of the Government to give con-
sistent support to a great public servant in Canada, pointed
unerringly to political change. Lord Melbourne warned the
Queen to hold herself prepared. She was naturally alarmed.
To this young girl of nineteen, charged with such high and
onerous concerns, it seemed a terrible thing that the statesman
to whom she looked up "as a father " should be torn from her
side, and that she should find herself surrounded by new faces
and listening to strange voices. The clouds, however, blew over
for a while.
During the closing months of the year, after the gaieties of
the Coronation had become a memory, the Queen was engrossed
with the troubles of her Uncle Leopold in Belgium and of her
cousins in Portugal. The tiresome controversy as to the pos-
session of Luxembourg was revived, and the civil war in Spain
spread unrest throughout the whole of the southern Peninsula.
The education, however, of the Queen, at the hands of Lord Mel-
bourne, progressed rapidly. In spite of the fact that, as these
Journals reveal, her Minister saw the Queen daily, his letters on
public business became fuller and more careful in detail. Her
replies acquired more strength and clearness. She began to
realise more and more the duties of her position, and its serious-
ness.
Meanwhile the death of Lady John Russell had touched the
Queen with pity for a Minister whom she had hitherto regarded
with admiration, but with no special degree of affection. This
was now changed. Not only was the Queen suddenly made
aware of the political danger likely to accrue, should Lord John
Russell's sensibility and grief lead him to retire from active
politics, but she was moved by his human sorrow, by its simple
expression in letters to herself, and by the emotion stirred in the
susceptible heart of Lord Melbourne, who seemed to share to
the full the grief of his colleague. For a while it was thought
that Lord John's resignation was inevitable. Though " dread-
fully shaken," he faced the future, and continued unshrinkingly
to fulfil his duties. Thus another peril to Lord Melbourne's
Administration, and to the Queen's peace of mind, was tem-
porarily averted.
46
CHAPTER XII
1838
Sunday, 7th October. " We've had a long sit of
it," Lord Melbourne said to me. And he said they
had agreed that Sir J. Hobhouse should write to
Lord Auckland, that no expedition should be sent
into Persia (which they hope and are almost certain
Lord Auckland has not done), but to strengthen and
protect our Indian Possession on the side of Afghanis-
tan and Cabul ; and that Lord Palmerston should
write a Despatch to Pozzo strongly remonstrating
with Russia ; Lord M. said these were the principal
points of the conversation ; and that they were " all
for strong measures." Asked him if Lord John or
he (Ld. M.) should sit next to me at dinner ; and he
said, " Oh ! Lord John ! " which I was very sorry
for, though Lord John is an agreeable man. Said it
surprised people (foreigners) that the Prime Minister
should not take precedence ; Lord M. said that many
Prime Ministers had had no rank at all; Pitt, he
said, was only the Hon. William Pitt. 1
Monday, Sth October. Spoke of the Duchess of
Sutherland, who he thought looking well. Went to
look at the Duchess of Sutherland's two children
asleep, who looked like two cherubs. We were
seated much like the night before ; the Duchess of
1 The office of Prime Minister was given high precedence by King
Edward VII. The holder takes rank after the Archbishop of York and
before Dukes (other than Royal). See ante, Vol. I., p. 299.
47
48 BELGIAN AFFAIRS [*x. 19
Sutherland on the sofa, and Lord Melbourne near
me the whole evening ; and some of the other
Ministers, round the table. Spoke to Lord Mel-
bourne about the Duchess's dear children ; of
children's sleep being so deep that you might hold
a candle to their face and it wouldn't wake them,
which I said no grown-up person could bear ; Lord
Melbourne said a tired labourer would, and that
formerly they might have done almost anything
of the kind to him. Said I thought he didn't
like children, which he wouldn't allow, and he said,
"I like to speak to them in my own way; not if
children are brought in to be paid attention to ;
that's a great bore."
Tuesday, 9th October. Lord P. told Lord Mel-
bourne that these Belgians had come with a Pro-
position to settle the Syndicate first, and to leave
the other negotiation to a future time ; " which is
a proposition for delay " ; and Lord M. continued
that Uncle had written to Van de Weyer stating
how much they had suffered since the separation,
upon which Lord M. observed with great truth, that
if they had suffered so much since then, why then
they had better never have separated?
Spoke to him of Villiers' making excuses in his
letter to Lord Palmerston for staying so long at
Paris ; of Louis Philippe having told Villiers, Upon
no account would he ever marry any of his sons to
the little Queen of Spain, not that he despised the
Crown of Spain, far from it, but that he knew the
jealousy it would excite ; at the same time he said
he never would permit an Austrian Prince to marry
her, but wished that Don Francisco's eldest son
1 This alludes to the separation of Belgium and Holland. See
Vol. L, p. 387.
1838] CHARLES FOX'S LOVE AFFAIRS 49
should, to which Villiers said there were great
difficulties. Lord M. thought they couldn't marry
her till 16. He continued, " I think that was
a very nice letter of the Princess's this morning " ;
and he observed he hoped she would write more,
and that it would be a very good thing if she would
give me some account of the feeling in Germany.
Prussia was very inimical, he said, and Austria
was the only really friendly one. Bavaria and
Wurtemberg were quite on the French side during
Napoleon's time. Spoke of Lady Ashley ; its being
so difficult to get a match just as one likes ; of
Frederick Robinson's love of Lady Ashley; "It's
the violent feeling of a boy, which often wears
off ; but which kills others," he said. He then
told me a story of C. Fox's * to prove the violence
of feeling. Charles Fox, he said, " was engaged
to marry Lady Erroll and was excessively in love
with her " ; well, he went abroad (to Malta, I
think), and one day somebody said, " Oh ! I see "
(by the papers) " one of the Fitzclarences is married."
He felt his heart coming to his mouth, and he said,
" Which is it ? " " Oh ! I'm sure I don't remember,"
said the man. " Is it Sophy ? " * No." " Is it
Mary?" "No." So at last he gulped out, "Is
it Eliza ? " " Yes, it's Eliza, she is married to
Lord Erroll." And he fell down to the ground as
if he had been shot. They had told him nothing of
it. He afterwards came home and married Mary.
Wednesday, Wth October. Shewed Lord M. a very
pretty letter which I had got from Ferdinand in the
morning, giving an account of George Cambridge's
1 General Charles Richard Fox, Receiver-General of the Duchy
of Lancaster. Married Lady Mary Fitzclarence.
* Sophia Lady De L'Isle. See ante, Vol. I., p. 99.
50 WALPOLE AND PULTENEY [*T.I
visit to Lisbon, but his incognito was so strict (quite
absurdly so) that it was with great difficulty they
persuaded him to dine with them. " It's a lively
letter," Lord Melbourne said. Spoke of George
travelling under the name of Earl of Culloden (Baron,
not Earl, I see by the Peerage) ; which led us to
speak for some time of all the Titles borne by
Members of the Royal Family ; York, Clarence,
and the Earl of Cambridge, are old royal titles ; but
the Earldoms of Sussex and Cumberland were never
borne by any of the Royal Family ; the last Earl of
Sussex, Lord M. thinks, was a great favourite of
Queen Elizabeth's ; spoke of Henry VII.'s descend-
ants, &c. ; and of how confused all those des-
cendants of my Ancestors are ; Lord M. said it was
all very well explained by Hallam ; spoke of Walpole,
his quarrels with Pulteney, who Lord Melbourne
said was afterwards Lord Bath, and a very rich man ;
Sir Richard Sutton, he said, now possesses his estate.
Lord M. said it was a most extraordinary thing, that
after driving Walpole from the Ministry, Pulteney
would accept no office. " He was a worthless man,"
Lord M. said. Said I thought Walpole occasionally
gave way to low feelings of revenge and party ; Lord
M. said, " He was a good man and a kind-hearted
man, but his fault was that of lowering the country,
and pursuing rather a low policy, of every man having
his price." Speaking of learning, and Latin, Lord
M. asked me if the Dean ever made me do Latin
Exercises, which I said he did, but no Latin Verses,
which I protested against. Made Lord M. laugh by
an account of the Dean's horror at my false quanti-
ties ; and spoke of the anecdote of Lord North's
awaking on hearing Burke say Vectigal, and solemnly
saying Vectlgal and going to sleep again ; said I
pf- (^xnvui^LcLa^
1838] SCHOLARSHIP: REVENUE 51
began with Eutropius, then with Caesar's Commen-
taries, which Lord M. said are very hard, and too
hard for a beginner ; then read part of Virgil,
also hard, part of Ovid, which he says is very fine
but very hard, and part of Horace. Said I thought
I had benefited but little by what I had learnt,
for that I could not construe any quotation ; but
Lord M. said, " Oh ! yes you have " (benefited).
" You know that there are such books and such
authors, and what they are about," which is very
true. Before this we spoke of pronunciation ; Lord
M. says Room and Goold, for Rome and Gold ; I
pronounce it in the latter way ; asked him if it was
right to spell Despatches with an i or an e ; he said
he spelt it Despatches, though that was quite modern
and came from Depeches ; asked him about how to
place who and whom, which I said puzzled me.
Thursday, llth October. The revenue of this year
exceeds that of last year. Mr. Baring writes that
Mr. Rice formed two calculations ; the least san-
guine is considerably exceeded, and he thinks that
by next April it will probably come up to his most
sanguine expectations ; the Excise seems to have
greatly increased, but Mr. Baring says, that comes
from its being collected from several quarters ;
" That often happens," said Lord M., " that that
swells one quarter when it has been collected later."
The great deficiency is in corn ; Lord M. said it is
an ascending and descending scale, in proportion
as the price rises the duty falls, until the price rises
to 70s. and it is brought in for Is., and it has been
that ; Lord M. said it is now about 10s. 6d. He then
explained to me that the corn is brought in without
duty, but then bonded, and the duty paid when
taken out. Spoke of Pitt's dislike for music being
52 WILBERFORCE: LADY ASHLEY [*r.i9
mentioned in Wilberforce's Life ; Lord M. said he
believed that much dislike for music arose from want
of attention to it ; " I'm sure that's the case with
me " ; said I thought music was a talent and a gift;
he said, "It is often in a person, and can be awak-
ened." Asked if he ever drew ; he replied, never,
though always fond of pictures and understands
them ; " That again can be taught," he said. He
agrees with me that there is too much of Wilberforce's
own meditations in his life ; spoke of W.'s dislike
or rather, as Lord M. said, pity, for Fox, whom he
considered a fallen person ; speaking of W., Lord
M. said, " There evidently was a great struggle in
him ; the Devil had a good tussle with him." Spoke
of one of Lady Ashley's dear boys (the 2 eldest
are here) having fallen on the Slopes and cut his
nose ; " blundering fellow," said Lord M. ; "I think
a boy should always be licked when he falls, or puts
himself in danger," which made us laugh. Spoke of
Lady Ashley's knowing Windsor well ; and Lord
M. said he thought it was in the winter of '28 that
they were here, and not in '29, when George IV.
was already very ill ; " It was the year of the
Catholic Emancipation, and he was very sulky and
saw nobody ; when he was annoyed about anything,
he used to go to bed. Lord M. didn't see him after
the year '28.
Friday, I2th October. Spoke of this book about
the South Seas, by Williams, 1 which Lord Ashley
said was very curious and which Lord M. means to
run through. Lord Ashley then spoke of a book by
1 John Williams (1796-1839), known as " the Martyr of Erromanga,"
at which place he was killed by the natives among whom he had
worked for over twenty years as a missionary. In 1838 he published
A Narrative of Missionary Enterprise in the South Sea Islands.
LIGHTING AND WARMING EXPENSES 5$
a Captain or Mr. Yates, 1 about the New Zealanders ;
said they were such a fine people, with one single
exception they eat men ; Lord Ashley says, " When
they have a certain number of daughters, as many
as they want, they eat the rest."
Saturday, 13th October. Spoke of the bad weather
the Duchess of Sutherland would have for her jour-
ney ; of its being so expensive to get good fires in
France ; they only burn wood ; Lord M. said he
heard that people who had a small fire in a small
grate, could do with 2 chaldrons of coals a whole year ;
at Paris it would cost you, with wood, 2 a week.
Told him Murray was stingy and wouldn't have fires
in the Corridor in the morning, which Lord M.
thought wrong, and said all Scotchmen were rather
economical ; but " it's a good thing to have economy
in the Department." Lord M. said the expense of
fires in this Castle must be very great, for that there
must be " several 100 fires " ; lighting and warming
are the great expenses. Said it oughtn't to be more
than in the late King's time ; for he lived almost
always at Windsor, and that when I lived in London,
nothing need be kept up here ; but Lord M. said
that when the King did come to Town, he had very
little lighting.
Spoke of the dulness of the great dinners at
St. James's and their awkwardness before dinner ;
told him Aunt Louise told me how dull they
were at Brussels ; after dinner she and all the
women sitting, and the King and all the men stand-
ing ; which Lord M. said was a great convenience
to Uncle, but must tire some of the old men a good
deal. " The Queen of the Belgians," Lord M. said,
1 Account of New Zealand and of the Church Missionary Society's
Mission to the Northern Island by Rev. William Yatee, 1836.
n 5
54 STUART LOOKS [*r.i9
" doesn't seem to me to be like a French person, shy,
and rather more of an English character." Showed
Lord M. two small miniatures I have of George III.
and Queen Charlotte, in bracelets ; spoke of their
children being handsome ; said the Princess of Wales
(George III.'s Mother) I believed had been good-
looking ; he said James I. and his Wife, from
whom we all come, had been very ugly ; Charles I.,
a fine head ; Charles II., very ugly ; James II.
not so, when young ; "Queen Mary " (his daughter)
" was the most beautiful woman in Europe," Lord
M. said. Queen Anne, plain and large, but he
observed having " repeated children." Her Mother,
Anne Hyde, of whom he has a picture at Mel-
bourne, was ill-looking ; he has also a picture
of the Duke of Gloucester, Charles I.'s son. Lord
Ashley said he had been to see Sir J. Wyattville,
who showed him a remonstrance from Queen Eliza-
beth's Maids of Honour, which had been found
amongst some old papers ; which showed the un-
couthness of those times ; they lived all in one room,
which was separated from the gentlemen by a par-
tition which didn't reach to the Ceiling, and they
begged it might be made to reach the Ceiling, as
the gentlemen climbed up and looked over the
other side. This made us all laugh very much,
particularly Lord M., who said, " It was very right
feeling of the Maids of Honour."
Sunday, I4>th October. Spoke of Lord Ashley's
strictness ; Lord M. said, he told him the other
day that nothing would ever make him fight a Duel ;
he (Ld. A.) was very much bullied by a man who said
he would post him for refusing to fight ; upon which
Lord Ashley said, " You need not give yourself the
trouble, I will do so myself, I've no objection to let
1838] UNITARIAN DOCTRINES 55
the world know I'll never fight a Duel." At the
same time Lord Ashley says, " I must take great care
not to give offence, as I refuse to give satisfaction."
Lord M. said to him, " But what would you do now,
if you were betrayed into a passion ? " " Why,
make an apology " ; and Lord M. said, " That's the
best way and the right way." Spoke of Wilberforce's
piety being quite sincere ; and Lord M. said, " It
was of a very mild character " ; that his greatest
friend, William Smith, was a Unitarian whom he
pitied but loved ; Lord M. said, " It is very difficult
to be a Unitarian according to the Scriptures " ;
for, Lord M. said, they deny " the atonement of
Christ " ; with respect " to the nature of Christ,"
Lord M. said, "there may be a question, but how
they do without the atonement I don't know." He
said, they say the New Testament was added and
didn't belong to the Bible ; this, Lord M. said, is a
very dangerous doctrine. Spoke of Evans' book on
the Sects, 1 which Lord M. said " is a very clever little
book." Lord M. said the Wesleyan Methodists
were the most numerous Sect now ; that they
differed but little from the Established Church, but
were followers of Arminius and believed more in
works, whereas the Calvinists do in faith alone ;
the latter, I said, was highly dangerous, for then
some might say that, as they had faith, it did not
signify how wicked they were ; Lord M. said " that's
antinomianism " ; that the Calvinists didn't go so far,
but said if there was true faith there could be no
wicked works ; I said one could get oneself quite
puzzled by thinking too much about these matters,
1 A Sketch of the Denominations of the Christian World, by Dr.
John Evans, a Baptist minister. The book had reached its fifteenth
edition by the time of the author's death in 1827.
56 WORK AND FLOGGING AT ETON tex.iS
and that I thought it wrong to do so ; Lord M.
quite agreed with me, and said, " It is best to
believe what is in the Scriptures without considering
what Christ's nature was, for that isn't comprehen-
sible ; the Trinity isn't comprehensible." This is
all just as / feel ; I know I have written at great
length, more perhaps than I ought, but the con-
versation was such an interesting one, and Lord
M.'s feeling so right, just, and enlightened, that I felt
I couldn't do otherwise.
Of Uncle's letter ; Edward II. was the first Prince
of Wales, Lord M. said ; born at Carnarvon ; Henry
5th was born at Monmouth, he said. " A very
clever man," he said Edward was, " but very ruth-
less." The Black Prince he thinks the mildest
of these ; Edward III. very cruel and ruthless ;
Henry IV. and Henry V., he said, were very religious,
" but Henry V. became very much elevated with
success." Spoke of when Henry VI. was born.
Lord Conyngham spoke of his boy being too much
worked at Eton. Lord M. said if there was too
much work, the only way was not to do it ;
but he owned they were flogged for it ; he was
sometimes flogged at Eton, he told me, and that it
had always an amazing effect on him ; his Private
Tutor used to flog him, and he said, " I don't think
he flogged me enough, it would have been better if
he had flogged me more." He said he was a very
assiduous master, and that he (Ld. M.) should have
learnt more if he hadn't always been trying to get
away ; he said, " I liked it " (being there) " very
much when my Father and Mother were in London,"
which he said they often were ; but when they
were only 3 miles off, he was always wishing to be
at home ; he was there 3 years ; his eldest brother
1838] PALEY AND HIS WORKS 57
had also been there. Said, flogging was so degrading ;
he said that never was thought so by the boys ;
I observed they didn't like it. "Didn't like the
pain of it," he replied. Sir J. Herschel 1 sat near
Lord Melbourne who talked to him a good deal,
which / did not profit by, as much as I ought, for
I was stupid. Lord M. said to me, " He's mon-
strously frightened," which he seemed to be ; for
Lord M. had great difficulty in persuading him to
sit still ; he guessed his age 40. Lord M. spoke
to Sir J. Herschel about new discoveries, and he
(Ld. M.) said, " I don't mind your discovering stars,
if you don't discover men." Asked Lord M. if he
admired Paley's works, " Not very much," he said ;
said, I had read his Natural Theology and his Moral
Philosophy, which Lord M. said are considered rather
loose in point of religion. Lord M. continued that
when Dr. Barrington, Bishop of Durham, gave him a
Living, he said to him, " I don't give you this for
your Natural Theology and your Moral Philosophy,
but for your Christian Evidences and for your Horce
Paulince." Lord M. agreed with me that his Ana-
tomical descriptions in the Natural Theology were
very disagreeable. His Moral Philosophy I liked
better, but, as Lord M. truly observes, he puts every
thing in such a Philosophical light as to create
doubts ; " You ought to do what's right, because
it's right," said Lord M., and Paley puts the reasons
against, and the reasons why, you should do it, and
Lord M. says, if people see a doubt raised, they become
disinclined to do what is right. Lord M. said,
6 The Rooks are my delight," watching them out
of his window, and hearing their cawing ; there are
numbers of them here, and he was quite surprised
1 He had discovered 77 Argus in the previous year.
II 5*
58 GEORGE IV. AND QUEEN CAROLINE DET.IO
at my disliking them. He also likes the large Clock
in the court here, to me so melancholy, which puts
him in mind of the Eton clock.
Tuesday, 16th October. Lord Melbourne told me
he had been reading a long article by Mr. Macaulay
about Sir William Temple ; "a very good article,"
he said, in The Edinburgh Review. Spoke of the
article in it Brougham has written in answer to Sir
H. Taylor's remark, and of which Lord M. has only
read the extracts. George IV., Lord M. said, " was
very fond of his father, and monstrously afraid of
him." Spoke of a letter which Lord M. said George IV.
wrote to Queen Caroline, when he separated from her,
in which he said, " Love and affection weren't in
their power," but that he hoped civility would remain
between them ; and that there was no tie left be-
tween them. This he sent her by Lord Cholmondeley.
Spoke of George III.'s blindness ; my fear for my
eyes * ; George III. had no private Secretary till he
grew blind, and Lord M. mentioned an instance of
how much he used to write.
Wednesday, 17th October. Spoke of Mr. Pitt's
sister, Lady Eliot,' who died and who Wilberforce
mentions ; one of his (Pitt's) sisters s was Lord
Stanhope's Mother, Lord M. said, and he says Lord
Stanhope certainly speaks very like Pitt. " His
manner, his voice, and the form of his sentences are
the same, but with this difference between them :
1 The Queen had no cause to fear. She retained her powers of
vision far beyond the normal period.
* Lady Harriet Pitt married Edward James Eliot, M.P., son of
the first Lord Eliot.
8 Lady Hester Pitt married Charles, third Earl Stanhope, and died
before his succession to the peerage, but there was no son by this
marriage. The fourth Earl Stanhope's mother was the only daughter
of the Hon. Henry Grenville, Governor of Barbadoes.
1838] DISLIKE OF BRIGHTON 59
when Mr. Pitt spoke, no one breathed, or thought
when it would end, whereas you can't listen to
Lord Stanhope for two sentences without being
tired to death ; that's the difference between them,"
said Lord M.
Friday, 19th October. Said, I feared I teased him
often so much by asking him so many questions, and
often I feared very indiscreet ones. " Oh ! never,"
he replied most kindly, and continued in such a
warm affectionate manner, " You must ask ques-
tions, it's your right, and it's my duty to answer you ;
pray don't ever think that ; any thing but that."
I said he was too kind, for that I feared I was so
young and often inconsiderate. I said I was very
sorry he went ; " I'm very sorry, too," he replied,
and that I should miss him very much in my rides.
Spoke of my dislike to go to Brighton ; and he
said, " I wouldn't go if I didn't like it." Said, as
I had a Palace there I thought it was necessary I
should go ; he said not at all, for that it was only a
fancy of George IV.'s to go there, nobody ever went
there before. Said I thought it would vex the
people if I didn't. 1
Monday, 22nd October. Asked Lord M. if any-
thing had been done about changes in Government,
or if it had been talked about. " Talked a good deal
about it," Lord M. said, " and a good many for it."
Sir John Newport 2 is better, but wishes to resign.
" If Lord Glenelg could be made to accept that
place, he would be safe," Lord M. said ; but of
course that would lead to other changes ; he says
1 The Pavilion was sold to the town of Brighton in 1849.
8 Sir John Newport (1756-1843). An Irish banker. Chancellor
of the Irish Exchequer, 1806, and Comptroller of the Exchequer in 1834.
He was a man of considerable ability, and a typical Whig placeman.
60 POSSIBLE OFFICIAL CHANGES c*r. 19
Lord G. is not active enough ; and that his present
affliction makes him still more dilatory. But how
to replace him ; make Rice l a Peer and put him
there, Lord M. replied ; but then there's a difficulty
to replace Rice ; Mr. Baring is certainly fit for it,
Lord M. said. Asked if Lord Glenelg would accept
the place ; Lord M. don't know, but rather doubts
it ; it's sure for life, he said, and G. is very poor ;
his father, C. Grant, 2 Lord M. said, might have
made at the utmost 50,000 or 60,000, and that, if
divided, would soon vanish with an election or two.
" Then there's another project," said Lord Mel-
bourne, " which some people are for, and which is
very much instigated by Normanby, which is to
send the Duke of Sussex to Ireland, but it would
be extremely dangerous." 3
Thursday, 25th October. Received a letter from
Lord Melbourne, which is too long to copy here,
therefore I shall only transcribe the beginning and
end : " Lord Melbourne presents his humble duty
to Your Majesty and begs to acquaint Your Majesty
that Lord John Russell did not come to Town
yesterday, but that he will come up to-day and
remain until to-morrow. This will prevent Lord
Melbourne from returning to the Castle till to-
1 See ante, Vol. L, p. 199.
2 Charles Grant (1746-1823), father of Lord Melbourne's much-
abused Colonial Secretary. A clansman of Speyside, born on the day
Culloden was fought, he spent the best years of his life, after the
fashion of his family, in the Indian Civil Service. Later, as M.P. for
the County of Inverness, he took a leading part in Indian debates,
and was ultimately elected Chairman of the East India Company. He
never acquired wealth, but he was rich in evangelical faith, and with
Zachary Macaulay was a member of the Clapham sect.
3 The project of sending a Royal Prince as Viceroy to Ireland has
frequently been discussed, but Prime Ministers have hitherto taken
Lord Melbourne's view.
1838] TROUBLES APPROACHING 61
morrow. Lord Melbourne has received another letter
from Lord John strongly pressing as early a Meeting
of Parliament as possible, but Lord Melbourne upon
consultation with Lord Glenelg, Lord Palmerston,
Mr. Rice, and Lord Duncannon, finds them all much
opposed to the measure. If Lord John perseveres
in his opinion it will be necessary to assemble the
Cabinet without delay, but in that case Lord Mel-
bourne does not think that the Majority or any con-
siderable portion of the Members will be induced to
concur with Lord John Russell." ..." I am afraid
that times of some trouble are approaching 1 for
which Your Majesty must hold yourself prepared ;
but Your Majesty is too well acquainted with the
nature of human affairs, not to be well aware that
they cannot very long go on even as quietly as they
have done for the last sixteen months."
Friday, 26th October. After dinner we were
seated as usual, Lord Melbourne sitting near
me the whole evening. Showed him some litho-
graphs, Aunt Louise sent me, of Soult, 2 Talley-
rand, 3 Fitzjames, 4 Benjamin Constant. 5 Talked of
1 One of the causes of disquiet was the Chartist Agitation, now
beginning, which only finally came to a head and collapsed on April 10,
1848.
2 Marshal Soult, Duke of Dalmatia, had been the most popular figure
at the Queen's Coronation a few months before. He was now 69, but hale
and vigorous. He lived another thirteen years. See Vol. I., p. 309.
3 Talleyrand had died in the preceding month of May, recon-
ciled to the Church of which he had been a prelate, after a
kaleidoscopic interlude of forty-seven years. At the age of eighty,
only four years before his death, he had been the most conspicuous
ornament of King William's Court, to which he was accredited Am-
bassador by the son of Egalit6.
4 The Due de Fitzjames married the sister of Mademoiselle Montijo,
afterwards Empress of the French.
6 Benjamin Constant had died in 1830, aged sixty-three. His
62 LOUIS XIV.'S FAMILY [JET.IS
Marie's l illness ; of the Orleans being strong till this
generation ; Louis Philippe's Mother 2 was heiress to
the Due de Penthievre, Lord M. said, and very rich ;
talked of Louis XIV. being very strong, and so was
his brother. The Regent Orleans was also very
strong, but died from indulgence ; he married one of
Louis XIV.'s natural daughters; Lord M. thought
Mdlle. de Blois, 3 but was not quite sure. The Prince
of Orange, father of our William III., wished to
marry her, Lord M. said, but Louis XIV. wouldn't
allow it, and William said, " Well, I've tried to
have him as a friend, but as I can't do that, I
must try what I can do with him as an enemy."
The Duchess of Orleans was very proud, Lord M.
said, and St. Simon used to call her " Madame
Lucifer."
Sunday, 28th October. Talked of poor Lady Ux-
bridge 4 ; of perfumes; Lady Holland desires her
Maltre d'Hotel to take away people's pocket-hand-
psychological novel Adolphe, a new departure in introspective litera-
ture, had earned for him some fame. His inexplicable attachment to
Madame de Stael, and his more easily comprehended infatuation for
Madame Recamier, obtained for him a greater notoriety. He, in com-
pany with many other distinguished Frenchmen of that era, oscillated
in his allegiance to political principle, and while his pamphleteering led
him into many duels, he fought his last one, as a cripple, seated in a chair.
1 Wife of Duke Alexander of Wiirtemberg. See ante, Vol. I., p. 78.
2 Louise Marie Adelaide de Bourbon, daughter of the Due de Pen-
thievre. He was descended from the Comte de Toulouse, natural
son of Louis XIV. and Madame de Montespan.
8 Mademoiselle de Blois was a sister of the Comte de Toulouse.
Louis Philippe was thus doubly descended from Louis XIV. and
Madame de Montespan.
4 The second Lady Uxbridge was daughter of the Rt. Hon. Sir
Charles Bagot, at one time Minister to the United States, afterwards
Ambassador at St. Petersburg and eventually Governor-General of
Canada. Lord Uxbridge's first wife (Eleanora, daughter of John
Campbell of Shawfield) had died in July, 1838.
1838] AFGHAN AND PERSIAN AFFAIRS 63
kerchiefs when they have any scent upon them,
and Lord M. said she had quite a quarrel with
Lord Alvanley l about it, once, who wouldn't give
up his.
" Don't you feel uneasy at the movement of these
two great armies ? ' he said ; I replied it was very
serious, and asked him if he was ; he said not, but
"It is a great crisis ; it is a stroke for the Mastery
of Central Asia." 2 These armies, he said, are gone
to Candahar and Cabool ; the danger, Lord M. said,
is that it may convulse the Mahrattas behind. Talked
of the siege of Herat being raised ; "If the Shah
has raised the siege, then it'll all subside," he said ;
that if this was the case, it was all owing to the brave
and heroic defence of the Afghans ; and he quite
agrees with McNeill that we ought to assist them
and to stand by our friends ; Lord M. says Lord
Auckland has done quite right in moving this army ;
" It's in fact," he said, " revolutionising Cabool and
Candahar " ; upsetting the present Chiefs, and put-
ting on the Throne whoever we choose and whoever
may be friendly to us. It may perhaps, if the siege
of Herat is raised, be brought to an accommodation,
1 William Pepper Arden, second Lord Alvanley (1789-1849). Pos-
sessed, in a high degree, that least tangible of intellectual gifts, a
fine wit. Sir Walter Scott found him the most entertaining of men.
His powers were considerable, his achievements slight.
2 Some years earlier Dost Mohammed, having usurped the throne
of Afghanistan, drove the Ameer, Shah Sooja, into exile. Lord Auck-
land, the Governor-General, sent Captain Burnes (who had been pre-
sented to the Queen before her accession and had described to her many
of his adventures : see Vol. I., p. 89) on a mission to Cabul. The Ameer
received him civilly, but afterwards somewhat unceremoniously dis-
missed him. Accordingly Lord Auckland decided on the restoration
of Shah Sooja, and in the autumn of this year published a proclama-
tion dethroning Dost Mohammed. A military expedition was forth-
with sent across the frontier. See ante, p. 47.
64 POCKET-MONEY AT ETON DET.W
he says. The army Lord Auckland has put under
arms consists of 25,000 men ; and Runjeet Singh, 1
Lord M. said, on whom we depend, but who is old,
has agreed to furnish 50,000 ; in all 75,000 men ;
but Lord M. said an Indian army of 75,000 men is
in fact one of 500,000 ; for that each person has
such numbers of servants with them. Talked of
boys who go to Eton getting money. Lord M. said
he generally got 9 or 10 guineas after each Holidays,
to go to Eton with ; " Besides that, my father told
the old man at the Inn, Kendal, to give me ^ a
Crown every Monday and every Thursday ; that's
five shillings a week," Lord M. said, which he thought
a very odd way of giving it, quite independent of
the Tutor or any body. He generally spent it at
the Pastry Cooks, and later too to Dog-fighters,
rabbit-catchers, and boatmen.
Monday, 29th October. Lady Lyttelton, who is
a most agreeable amiable woman, talked to me a
good deal of Lady Caroline Lamb, who was her 1st
Cousin ; she had a very pretty slight figure, but
very red hair, and her face a little en beau like Lady
Mary Stopford. She was amazingly in love with
Lord M., which, handsome and agreeable as he was,
was no wonder, but acted the gentleman's part and
told him of her passion ; he could not marry her
as long as his eldest brother lived, but when he died
he married her.
Sunday, 4th November. At a J p. 4 I walked
1 Ranjit Singh (1780-1839). "The Lion of the Punjab," strong-
willed and energetic, uneducated but acute, he created for himself a
kingdom out of incongruous elements, and maintained his authority
unchallenged. He is said to have preferred the " Koh-i-noor " diamond
to all his conquests. This was the penultimate year of his life. After
his death in 1839, the Punjab was plunged for years into a state of
anarchy, from which it was rescued by British annexation in 1849.
BARONESS LEHZEN.
From a sketch by the Queen before her accession.
1838] SCHOOLBOY MORALITY 65
out on the Terrace with Lord Melbourne and all
the ladies except Lady Barham and Lehzen, and
all the gentlemen, and came home at 5. It was
a fine bright evening, and a good many people out.
I walked between Lord Melbourne and Lord Surrey.
Lord Melbourne came out in his Windsor uniform, 1
which I told him I was delighted to see (all my
gentlemen wear theirs when I go to Church and
walk on the Terrace).
Tuesday, 6th November. Talked to him of a re-
port (which I fear is quite true) of 's boy, who is
at Eton, having stolen some money ; ic It is better
to treat it as a childish trick," he said ; " and I
should speak seriously to the Boy." This is very
true ; when he was there a boy stole a pair of
buckles, and is now grown up, a very gentlemanly
man, but it disgraced him for the time. Said, I
heard this boy hadn't had enough money ; if a boy
couldn't pay a Pastry Cook's bill any more, the boy
kept away from the shop, Lord M. said, a very good
thing, and was dunned whenever he came near it.
Talked of boys telling lies whenever they had done
wrong at school, which wasn't considered wrong, and
which Lord M. said was the same thing as pleading
not guilty at the Bar, which everyone would do.
Lord M. talked to Alava 2 of a person of the name of
1 This custom was continued for many years after the Queen
married. See Vol. I., p. 351.
2 Don Miguel de Alava (1770-1843). One of the many modern
soldiers of distinction who, like Sir Evelyn Wood and Sir John French,
began his career as a sea-officer. Alava was present at Trafalgar, in
the Spanish flagship, but this did not hinder him from becoming
A.D.C. to the Duke of Wellington in the Peninsula and serving on the
Duke's staff at Waterloo. He was Spanish Ambassador in London
in 1834. He was one of the few distinguished men during the tem-
pestuous years of the Napoleonic era, who retired into exile from
sheer weariness of taking new oaths of allegiance.
66 THIEVING AT SCHOOL [*r.i9
Montrond, 1 whom Louis Philippe gives money to, to
gather news for him ; he is a man of bad character,
Lord M. said ; was a great friend of Talleyrand's,
and of Lady Holland's ; he has had several fits, and
Lord M. said, " When he had one of these fits one
day, and was grasping the ground, Talleyrand who
stood by him said, * II veut absolument descendre.' "
Wednesday, 7th November. We then talked about
this affair of 's boy during the greater part of
dinner time, Conyngham telling us what he heard
from Slane about it ; how they bullied the little boy,
knocking off his hat, kicking him, and calling him,
" Thief who sharped 5," which he did from several
boys. " They are like so many demons boys,"
said Lord M. " I should have taken the boy away."
was sent for, but left the boy; the boy stole
125. at a private school, and came with this reputa-
tion to Eton ; Lord M. said it certainly was doing
it "in a systematic way," stealing it from various
boys ; two of poor 's boys did the same thing,
and were obliged to be taken away, but weren't
flogged ; Lord M. thinks he would have tried the
effect of giving little a good flogging. He
knows the boy, who is very clever and studious ;
it's a great disgrace, he said, and would hurt his
parents very much. " Bad thing to take him away
too," said Lord M., " for they'd say, That boy was
taken away from Eton for thieving."
Thursday, 8th November. Talked of Alfred Paget
and his sisters, who Lord M. thinks such complete
Cadogans ; George he thinks the best-looking.
Talked of George IV.'s liking Lord Anglesey, which
Lord M. said he did, only that he was jealous of
1 Proteg6 of Talleyrand, and notorious roue. He married the
Duchesse de Fleury. He died in the odour of sanctity.
1838] LORD AND LADY JOHN RUSSELL 67
him ; of his figure, and used to say to the Tailor,
" Why don't you make my coats fit like Paget's ? "
which made us laugh, as the King might well think
his own figure wasn't quite as slim as Lord Angle-
sey's ; Lord M. said they all tried to vex him by
having their things made better and tighter than
his, particularly some "leathern clothes " (breeches)
which people wore then, and which annoyed the
King. Lord M. turned and looked at the picture of
George IV. by Gainsborough in my room, and said,
" I think that's like you," which it is ; told him I
was reckoned very like him when I was little.
Friday, 9th November. Asked Lord M. if he really
thought Lord John meant to retire; Lord M. said,
" I don't know ; that wouldn't at all do what he
proposes." Lord M. says that with rather a diffi-
cult task before him, meaning the Ballot, Lord John
might be a little discouraged. " His wife l had
influence with him," Lord M. continued ; " she was
ambitious, she would have prevented his retiring ;
she restrained his eagerness, being against any thing
tending to radicalism in her heart ; it's a great break-
up for him ; he was very happy and thought himself
settled for life ; it loosens all that again."
Thursday, 15th November. Lord M. looked at
2 Annuals, talked of the Author of Junius never
being known ; and Lord Holland told us a curious
story of what happened in Spain to (he thinks)
Philip IV. ; whenever he sat down to dinner he
found a sheet of satirical verses about his Court, in
his napkin, and this went on for several days ; he
very angry, and nobody could discover who did it ;
one day, a curtain fell down and another copy of
1 The first Lady John Russell, widow of the second Lord Ribbles-
dale. She had died on 1st November of this year.
68 DUCHESS OF PORTSMOUTH i* T .i
these verses appeared ; at last they appointed a
commission to try and find it out, and for six weeks
it ceased ; but then it began again, and it never
had been discovered. Lord Holland also told some
other curious mysterious anecdotes. Talked of the
Duchess of Portsmouth, 1 whose pictures Lord Hol-
land said were " very Dolly " ; she lived to be
ninety or a hundred ; Lord Holland's grandfather saw
her in 1729; and she believed Charles II. to have
been poisoned ; Lord M. said he died of apoplexy.
Talked of its being seldom that people were really
poisoned ; Lord M. thinks that the Duchess of Orleans, 2
Mme. Henriette, was poisoned in a glass of chicory
water, for that she died immediately after taking it.
Talked of Prussic Acid ; Lord M. said it won't kill if
it's alloyed, but otherwise one drop is certain death.
Friday, IQth November. Talked of Lord Holland ;
of Lady Holland's talking of going to Bowood ; Lord
M. said he thought she would move about " once
she has got on her legs again." Formerly she
wouldn't go in a carriage ; when she does travel,
he says, she chooses her own horses, and her own
boys whom she has taught to drive as she likes.
Of the Duchess-Countess 3 and her complaining of
her poverty, and that she hadn't more than 12,000
a year of her own; that she had 32,000 a year in
all, but was obliged to spend all but the 12,000 in
1 Louise Rene de Qu^roualle, created by Charles II. Duchess of
Portsmouth in England and by Louis XIV. Duchesse d'Aubigny in
France.
2 Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans (1644-70), daughter of Charles I.
She married the only brother of Louis XIV. It was an unhappy
marriage, and her sudden mysterious death at the age of twenty-six
led her contemporaries to think that she had been poisoned by order
of her husband. Bossuet preached her funeral sermon.
3 I.e. of Sutherland. See ante, Vol. L, p. 68.
1838] LORD MELBOURNE'S ANCESTORS 69
Charities. Lord M. said he thought that was true.
Talked of his elder brother's name having been
Peniston, but they called him Pen ; it was also
his father's name, but where the name originally
came from he don't know. "All I know is," he
said, " that in 1670 there was born at Southwell
a fellow called Peniston Lamb, in very humble
circumstances ; he went up to London, studied the
law, and became a Conveyancer and an Agent, and
made a very large fortune ; he died in 1734, and
bequeathed his fortune to his nephews, Matthew
Lamb and his brother Robert ; how they were his
nephews and who their father was I haven't the
least idea, nor have I ever been able to find out." 1
Lord M. told this so naively and simply. " Matthew
Lamb also studied the law," he continued, " and
then he married Miss Coke of Melbourne, who was a
great heiress ; he became Sir Matthew Lamb, and
left a very large fortune to my father, who con-
trived to get rid of it very speedily ; still he has left
a good fortune ; my father was somehow connected
with Lord Bute, and through the interest of Lord
North and the Prince of Wales, he was made, first
Baron, then Viscount Melbourne ; and in the year
'15 he was made a Peer of England, also by the
Prince of Wales ; that's the History of the thing."
This of course interested me exceedingly ; and to
hear it related by this great and excellent man, and
in this unostentatious, delightful manner, rendered
it still more so. He reverted again to his not know-
ing who his grandfather's father was. The family
of the Cokes, he said, was well known ; they were a
very ancient and highly distinguished Family. His
great-uncle, Robert Lamb, Bishop of Peterborough,
1 See appendix to this volume.
II 6
70 THE HOWE FAMILY to. 19
had no children ; Lord M.'s only relations on his
father's side are the Binghams and Wombwells.
Asked Lord M. who that old Mrs. Howe was, who
I heard him mention ; he said she was sister to
Lord Howe ; she had 3 brothers, one (whom I
forget about), Lord Howe who so eminently dis-
tinguished himself on the 1st of June, and William,
afterwards Sir William Howe, who, Lord M. said,
was not so distinguished ; " as brave as a Lion but
no more of a Commander than a Pig," he said,
laughing. That had always been said of him, Lord
M. said. They were descended from Sophia Wal-
moden, "Countess of Yarmouth," he said; "it was
the last time that a title was given to such a
person." Mrs. Howe married her cousin, and Lord
M. said, was a very clever woman, though very
rough, and more like a man than a woman always ;
George III. and Queen Charlotte, Lord Melbourne
said, treated her always like a relation. Talked of
when Lord M. first knew Lord Holland ; at Eton,
though Lord Holland is 6 years older than Lord
M., and when Lord M. left Eton, Lord Holland
asked him to Holland House. He formed this con-
nection at Florence, Lord M. said ; Lady Holland
was a Miss Vassall, 1 daughter of Mr. Vassall, a great
Proprietor in Jamaica, married Sir Godfrey Webster
when she was only 16 ; " she was very handsome,
hated her husband, was a very ambitious woman,
and thought it would be a very good thing to marry
Mr. Fox's nephew."
Talked of Mr. Harcourt 2 (Lady Elizabeth's hus-
band), who, Lord M. said, was a very strange man,
though a clever man. He was a Whig but is now an
1 See Vol. I., p. 101.
2 George Granville Harcourt. See ante, Vol. I., p. 132.
1838] ARMY PURCHASE AND DISCIPLINE 71
adherent of Stanley's. Lord M. said that when his
brother Frederick was over here last, he went to
Nuneham to see Elizabeth, and when he came back
he said, " What a country this is," that there were
only 3 people in the Family, but that there were 3
parties : Elizabeth herself, a great Wellingtonian ;
Lord Norreys, 1 a most violent ultra Tory ; and Har-
court, a follower of Stanley's ; and all so violent that
they would hardly speak to each other.
Sunday, 18th November. Talked of Clark's boy
wishing to have gone into the Navy, but that the
risk was so great and the promotion so slow, as there
is no buying as in the Army ; talked of the buying
seeming to be a bad system, and Lord M. said quite
unlike any other Army ; that there was no discipline
and system like ours in the World, that it had " every
possible defect and yet it certainly has produced
one of the finest armies," which it certainly has.
Speaking of the Army, Lord M. said, " It's a depart-
ment of the Government I don't understand very
well," which I won't allow, for there is hardly any
thing he don't understand ; but he said he believed
the Army to be on a much better principle than the
Navy, that there was less favouritism in the Army ;
he is quite alarmed, he says, at the numbers of Pagets
and Russells there are in the Navy ; he thinks the
Navy belongs more exclusively to the Aristocracy
than the Army. " I always supported Lord Hill
and Fitzroy Somerset 2 from the beginning of Lord
1 See ante, Vol. L, p. 132.
8 Lord Fitzroy Somerset (1788-1855), afterwards first Lord Raglan,
was a son of the fifth Duke of Beaufort. An officer described by
the critical historian of the Peninsular War as of gracious manners,
discreet, and of sound judgment. Wounded in the arm at Waterloo.
He asked the surgeon not to " carry away that arm " until he had
taken off the ring given him by his wife. Courageous, high-minded ,
72 RELIGION AND CHURCH SERVICES UBT. 19
Grey's Government," he said. Lord M. likes Lord
Hill and thinks he managed well ; if there had been
any other great commander to put in his place
perhaps he wouldn't have hesitated removing him,
he said ; but there is nobody, but people like
Lord Anglesey, who never would do, and Lord
William Bentinck, 1 " who is a worthy man as can
be, but a wild-headed man." Talked of the fire at
the Chapel, which I said gave him so much trouble ;
of the stove, as he said, giving no warmth ; Lady
Barham talked of how churches should and could
be warmed, and Lord M. said, " Those very religious
people always make everything very comfortable."
And we talked for some time about the Sermon,
church-going, our Liturgy, most cleverly and agree-
ably. Lord M. said he remembers churches never
being warmed, or people ever thinking about their
being warmed or not ; Lord M. said there was for-
merly more real feeling for religion, " less show " ;
not " ostentatious." " You should be humble."
Lord M. said, " I was thinking this morning how I
should curtail it " (the Service) ; " I think I would
have the Psalms and the concluding Prayer " ;
not the Lessons, as they are detached ; the Com-
mandments he would also have ; but he don't think
it would be well to change it at all. He admires the
Psalms very much, thinks them very fine, but that
and with a noble and intrepid spirit that suffered but never quailed
before hostile criticism. He bore the brunt of the Crimean struggle
as Commander-in-Chief of the British Force, and died in harness
before Sebastopol. "His loss," wrote the Prince Consort, "is irre-
parable."
1 Lord William Bentinck (1774-1839). This judgment of BemV'nck
is curious, if compared with the eulogy of Macaulay engraved on the
base of the Governor-General's statue at Calcutta, in which such ex-
pressions occur as "wise, upright, paternal, simple, moderate, prudent,
honest, and benevolent."
1838] CABINET DISCUSSIONS 73
there are some odd things in them, and he thinks
some of the translations were imperfectly done, the
language not being so well understood 200 years ago
as now ; but he said, it would not do to attempt
to translate them again. Talked of Mant's Bible,
which I used to read, with Notes ; " I've got that
book," he said, " it's a very good book," and done
in a manner to avoid cavil ; it's done by Mant, 1
Bishop of Down (I think), and Dr. D'Oyley, 2 Chap-
lain to the Archbishop of Canterbury, who Lord M.
knows.
Begged him to be kind enough to let me hear
from him what was going on ; and he turned to-
wards me and said, " I'll take care you shall be in-
formed of all ; one feels a little nervous meeting
them all, what they may do " ; and I begged he
would also let me hear what else of importance
might be going on, and he promised he would,
as I said I was always very curious, and heard very
little when he was not here. " Oh ! it's right
you should know," he said. Talked about what
they would discuss in the Cabinet ; about the
measures for next Session and the general aspect of
Affairs, he said, not about changes in Government ;
" You can't discuss those in the Cabinet," he said,
as they concern the Cabinet itself too much. " I
must talk to them separately about that." In
reply to a question of mine about Lord John's
absence, he said, Lord John's being away was an
inconvenience, for that he had great influence, on
1 Richard Mant, Bishop first of Killaloe, afterwards of Down,
Connor, and Dromore, a voluminous writer of verse and theological
essays.
2 George D'Oyly, for many years Rector of Sundridge, Kent, and
of Lambeth. He was treasurer of the S.P.C.K., for which the anno-
tated Bible here referred to was prepared.
II 6*
74 LOUIS XVIII. AND CHARLES X. [JET.IQ
account of his situation people looked to him ; there
was a great deal in Situation, Lord M. said.
Monday, 19th November. Talked of Lady Mary
Fox, 1 who dislikes Lady Holland very much, Lord
M. says, and vice versa. Lady Holland likes C. Fox, 1
he says, but has quarrelled with him very much ;
he has very much her temper and " spars in a
moment." That she was particularly anxious to
prevent Henry Fox's going to Florence, and begged
Lord M. to oppose it, he believes merely because
H. Fox wishes it. Talked of the late King's having
known Lord Holland, but Lord M. thinks he never
liked his Politics ; Lord Holland was too fond of
the French ; George IV., Lord M. said, feared the
French Politics, but liked French Society; made
much more of Louis XVIII. than George III. ever
did ; Lord M. had only seen Louis XVIII. at
Carlton House, but didn't know him ; the Comte
d'Artois (Charles X.) he knew ; had been in the same
house with him, had been out shooting with him
at Lord Talbot's. 2 Lord M. said he was a very
lively, agreeable, pleasant man, and very easy ; used
to keep Maigre very strictly and used to reprimand
the Due de Berry for not doing so ; he, Lord M.
said, was proud and harsh ; talked of the Duchesse
de Berry 3 being very strange, of there having been
an intention at one time of Uncle's marrying her,
but that he couldn't make up his mind to it.
Begged Lord M. not to forget about his sister's
1 General Charles and Lady Mary Fox. See ante, p. 49.
2 Charles, second Earl Talbot, K.G. He was appointed by Peel
in 1817 Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, but had to give way to Lord
Wellesley in 1822. He opposed Catholic emancipation, but supported
the repeal of the Corn Laws.
8 Caroline Louisa, daughter of King Ferdinand I. of the Two
Sicilies.
1838] LORD CONYNGHAM'S CHILDREN 75
coming down here on Saturday, which he said he
would not, as also his writing to me. I pressed him
to take care of himself. I then took leave of him,
gave him my hand, which he pressed so warmly,
saying so kindly and affectionately, " God bless you,
M'am," and then kissed my hand. This was done
in such a hearty, warm, affectionate yet respectful
manner, as quite touched me.
Wednesday, 2lst November. I forgot to say that
Lord Conyngham's 2 youngest children, Cecilia, 1 7,
and Francis, 2 who they generally call Peacock and
sometimes Franky, 5, arrived here yesterday, and I
saw them when I came home from riding. Peacock
is a beautiful boy, with long black hair ; Cecilia has
fine eyes but is not otherwise pretty and is very
like poor Lady Agnes Byng. 3 Went into the Gallery
and played with the children for an hour while Lord
Conyngham and Lehzen stood talking. They are
charming, delightful children, quite at home with
me and treated me quite like a playfellow, which
pleased me much ; played at ball with them, and
then I sat in the window-seat and looked at picture-
books of animals with them, and told them the
names of the animals. They would hardly let
me go.
Saturday, 24th November. Talked of a letter of
Clanricarde's 4 which we think curious ; he (C.) owns
the Emperor's power of fascination, and that he
took him twice by both his hands, which Lord Pal-
1 Afterwards wife of Sir Theodore Henry Brinckman.
2 Afterwards Lieutenant R.N., and M.P. for Co. Clare.
3 Daughter of first Marquess of Anglesey and wife of Hon. G Byng
(see Vol. I., p. 205), afterwards second Earl of Strafford.
4 Uliok John, first Marquess of Clanricarde, Ambassador to St.
Petersburg. In 1858 he served as Privy Seal in Lord Palmerston's
Administration. See Vol. I., p. 318.
76 BELGIAN DIFFICULTIES tex.19
merston told Lord M. he hears he always does in his
eagerness in conversation ; that when Lord Clanri-
carde broached the subject of Persia, the Emperor
said, " I'm so glad you've touched on that subject,
it's just what I wished." The Empress 1 he men-
tions as plain ; she denied to him ever having
any things made at Paris, which I know she has ;
the Grand Duchesses, beautiful. The Cabinet had
not been very long, he said, it was about these
Belgian affairs, and Lord Palmerston explained how
it stood ; it was a little difficult, he said, to restrain
Biilow and Senfft 2 ; Uncle complains in his letter,
Lord M. said, of the tone taken in the Conference,
which he considers as ill-tempered ; and he speaks
of his great difficulties, and says he went to Belgium
by the wish and desire of England and not of his
own accord. Then Lord M. said, Bulow and Senfft
wouldn't believe what the King of the French said
about the difficulty he had to restrain the feelings
of the French Nation, for they would say the King
of the French can always carry everything he wishes.
Lord M. thinks Senfft very agreeable ; he met him
at Lord Holland's, as he did also Alava who dined
there yesterday.
Sunday, 25th November. Talked of various things
and of Lord Holland's grandfather having seen the
Duchess of Portsmouth, 3 which I thought most
extraordinary. Lord M. said, both his grandfather
1 The Empress of Russia, Charlotte Louise (Alexandra Feodorovna),
daughter of Frederick William III., King of Prussia. The Grand
Duchesses her daughters were Marie (who married in July 1839, Duke
Maximilian of Leuchtenberg) and Olga (who married King Charles of
Wurtemberg).
2 See ante, Vol. L, p. 388.
3 Henry Fox, first Baron Holland, was born hi 1705, and the Duchess
of Portsmouth died in 1734.
1838] THE RICHMOND PROPERTIES 77
and grandmother, Lady C. Fox, saw her ; she used
to go with her father and mother, the Duke and
Duchess of Richmond, 1 to see the Duchess of Ports-
mouth at Aubigny ; the Duke was her grandson.
Talked of there being some difficulty about the Duke
of Richmond's properties in France ; by the French
law they ought to be divided amongst every branch
of the Family, by which Lord Holland would have
some, and the Beauclerks (who are descended from
the Duchess of Leinster, who was the handsomest sister
of Lady Caroline Fox and Lady Sarah Lennox) some.
Nell Gwynn was Mother to the Duke of St. Albans,
and Lord M. said she used to ridicule Mdlle. de
Queroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth, and used to say,
" Whenever anybody belonging to a great family
in France dies, she puts on mourning, whereas if
she thought of it, she ought to die of shame at what
she is."
Wednesday, 28th November. Got a letter from
Lord Melbourne in which besides other things he
says he sends me a note from Lord Minto, stating
that Durham had arrived at Plymouth on Monday
night, but had not yet landed. Lord Melbourne says
he had " received an answer from Lord Spencer 2
1 This was the second Duke, who inherited the dukedom of
Aubigny direct from his grandmother, Louise de Queroualle, at her
death in November 1734 (Charles II. 's son, the first Duke, had died
in 1723). Lady Caroline was his eldest daughter; she married Henry
Fox (afterwards Lord Holland).
2 John Charles, third Earl Spencer (1782-1845), better known as Lord
Althorp, in which capacity he led the House of Commons with singular
force and captivating modesty, was at this time employed in the, to him,
congenial occupation of losing 3,000 a year by farming at Wiseton.
No one in public life ever declined high office with greater persistency.
Like Lord Hartington (eighth Duke of Devonshire), whom he somewhat
resembled in character and disposition, Lord Spencer inspired confi
dence in men of both political parties, and was universally respected
by his fellow-countrymen.
78 KING LEOPOLD'S PROPOSITION UET.IQ
decidedly declining both Ireland and Canada." Lord
M. says also that he had likewise received a letter
from Uncle Leopold by Van Praet, 1 which he would
send me, and which was " very kind " ; " but I am
afraid points at an impracticable arrangement re-
specting the Territory, namely that Belgium should
retain it upon payment of a sum of money to
Holland."
Thursday, 29th November. He said he had seen
Van Praet, and that he feared there would be great
difficulty in this new Proposition of Uncle's, namely,
to buy part of Luxembourg and Limbourg from the
King of Holland, the part along the Meuse, and
Lord M. thinks the others will never consent to this.
Talked of this for some time, of the danger of force
being employed ; said I would show him Uncle's
letter after the Council ; he told me that he had sent
me this, and that he thought I ought to ask Van
Praet, but would speak to Palmerston first about
it. ...
Sunday, 2nd December. Asked him who Lord
Ligonier ! (whose bust is in the Corridor) was ; he
was a French Protestant who entered our Service,
he said ; was made first Sir John and then Lord
Ligonier ; " he was quite the right hand of William
Duke of Cumberland." At the Battle of Fontenoy,
Lord M. said, he got mixed with the French, and
thought he could save himself by his being a French-
man, and leading on the French " en avant," and
1 Jules van Praet, as Secretary in 1831 of the Belgian Legation in
London, had been concerned in the negotiations for the offer of the
Belgian Crown to King Leopold.
8 John (or Jean) Louis, first Earl Ligonier, a skilful and intrepid
soldier. He fought in Marlborough's four great battles, and commanded
a division at Dettingen, Ligonier died in 1770, and was buried in
Westminster Abbey.
1838] LADY HOLLAND'S JOURNEY 79
thus get back ; but they discovered his red ribbon
of the Bath, and they took him prisoner. . . .
Wednesday, 5th December. Lady Holland is going
to Bowood on Saturday, and Lord M. said he found
her sketching out the road and settling where she
would sleep. He said to her, " I suppose you will
sleep at Hounslow the first night and the next at
Maidenhead ? " She didn't like that at all and said
" Nonsense." She makes 3 days of it ; Lord M.
and Lady Cowper made us laugh by talking of all
she takes with her when she travels, bed, arm-
chairs ; she puts her coachman, a very clever Italian,
Lord M. says, called Gigi, who she has had many
years, on the box, who keeps telling the Postboys
not to go so fast ; Lord M. said she had excellent
servants, who were like those in former times and
put in a word in the conversation occasionally. . . .
Friday, 7th December. Lord M. says Lord P. [Pal-
merston] has only one Private Secretary, which is
little considering what an immense private corres-
pondence he has ; but the Precis Writer, James
Howard, 1 Lord Suffolk's son, Lord M. says, helps
Spencer 8 ; the Precis Writer, he told me, has to
make the Abstracts of all the Despatches and write
it on the backs ; said I believed Spencer was very
clever ; which Lord M. says he is ; told Lord M.
I heard he took to playing lately ; " So I am afraid,
from what I hear," replied Lord M., "that he plays
at Crockford's ; bad thing."
Friday, Uth December. Lord M. said he had
seen a boy killed by a waggon which passed over his
neck and chest and left him quite dead on the road,
1 James Kenneth Howard, afterwards Commissioner of Woods and
Forests.
2 Spencer Cowper, Lord Melbourne's nephew.
80 LORD BROUGHAM'S LETTER c*r. 19
without any laceration, and " the face as placid as if
he was asleep," Said I dreaded anything of the
kind, and had never seen death. " I can't bear to
see it," Lord M. said. I observed I thought it was
right to do so ; he replied not, but it was well to
accustom yourself to blood ; that Goethe wouldn't
go and see his greatest friends when they were dead,
as they say the expression changes so ; said, I
thought if you were with a person you loved, to the
last, you wouldn't mind it.
Saturday, I5th December. Lord M. also told me
an anecdote of General Keppel 1 (Uncle to Albemarle) ;
George III. rode very hard, and when he was a
young man he rode from Windsor to London one
day, very hard, General Keppel was with him, who
was very old and fat, and he couldn't keep up with
the King, and got so knocked up that he was obliged
to stop at Turnham Green and go to bed. Talked
of Brougham's letter, 8 which I had read on coming
home, and which I told him made me angry ; not
the offensiveness towards me, but the villainy against
himself ; he said it was in fact an attack on Heredit-
ary Monarchy. Lord M. then repeated with tears
in his eyes, and most emphatically, what Lord Eldon
once said : " The King of England is always King ;
King in the helplessness of infancy, King in the de-
1 General William Keppel (1727-82), Commander-in-Chief in
Ireland and Gentleman of the Horse to the King.
2 This letter accused the Ministers of deserting their offices in
Downing Street and Whitehall, and spending their time in the royal
palace ; of being indifferent to the public service so long as they re-
tained the Sovereign's favour. Consequently, Brougham argued, the
due preparation of despatches and State papers is neglected. The
effect of the letter, apart from its bad taste, was neutralised by the
well-known malice of the writer and his notorious grievance against
Lord Melbourne. See Vol. I., p. 244.
1838] PROVOST OF ETON 81
crepitude of age." Talked of the Provost of Eton, 1
and Lord Melbourne said, " I always liked this man ";
he said he had always very great spii cS which
Lord M. says is absolutely necessary for a School
Master ; and that he always made the lessons so very
agreeable to the boys. He was one of the under
Masters when Lord M. was at school ; the Head
Master, Dr. Heath, and the Provost, Dr. Davis ;
Lord M.'s Tutor, Dr. Langford. Told Lord M. that
the Provost told Lady Mary he overheard the late
King saying to somebody, whom he would make
Provost when he died ; and Lord M. and I observed
how singular it was he should have outlived the
King ; Lord M. thinks Dr. Keate ought to be his
successor 2 ; but he thinks the Provost don't look like
dying yet awhile.
Sunday, IQth December. The King wasn't at
all open with Lord M., he said, though very civil ;
" he liked me," said Lord M., " he liked me as much
as any body could, under the circumstances ; that
was a very disagreeable affair in '34." " I don't
believe he possibly could have carried it on without
Taylor ' ; Taylor was a very fair man ; upon my
honour I don't see how it could have gone on ; the
1 Joseph Goodall, Provost. See ante, Vol. I., p. 119.
2 Dr. Keate did not succeed Goodall when the vacancy occurred
in 1840, and never was Provost of Eton. Kinglake's fine tribute to
him in Eothen describes Keate as he was a few years before this period.
He had retired from the headmastership in 1834. He was a Canon
of Windsor and Rector of Hartley Westpall, where he died 1852.
8 Sir Herbert Taylor (see Vol. I., p. 394), Private Secretary to
William IV., died in March of the following year, 1839. He was at
this time First and Principal A.D.C. to the Queen, and living on a
pension of 1,000 per annum from the Civil List granted to him by
George III. for his services as Private Secretary to Queen Charlotte.
What happened to the correspondence of William IV., which was
presumably in charge of Sir Herbert Taylor, has never been discovered.
82 MELBOURNE'S FAMILY PICTURES [*x.i9
King used to go and talk to Taylor, and Taylor
softened matters."
Monday, 17 th December. Lord M. said Hoppner l
had made 2 pictures of him when he left Eton, and
was about 17 ; one is at Brocket, and the other,
which was painted for Dr. Langford and sold after
his death, was bought by his brother George and is
at Melbourne ; the Provost was asking after it, and
Lord M. said, " I know where it was. I could get
it." Lord M. said it was very like, and " I think a
very handsome boy," which I'm sure it is, and he
was ; I regretted much there was no print of it.
Lord Melbourne has a very pretty head of his sister
by Lawrence, at Brocket. Talked of the picture of
her and his other sister, by Hoppner, which is in
George Street ; of the one of him when a little boy
of a year old, by Cosway, playing or rolling with 2
dogs ; and talked of the one by Reynolds, of him
(when 4 years old), his eldest brother, and his brother
Frederick, which is also in George Street and a
beautiful picture, he says ; I've got a print of it.
" Leslie was talking of it the other day," said Lord
M., " he says it's like me now," which I think it is;
Lord M. said, that Leslie told him, and it certainly
is so, that all the pictures Reynolds painted of
people when they were children, are like them now.
Talked of Reynolds being the greatest painter Eng-
land ever produced ; of his great talent for painting
children ; of the fine picture he painted of George IV.
and which George IV. gave to Lord M.'s father in
'84 ; it is at Brocket. Talked of George III.'s dis-
1 Hoppner, whom Lawrence in 1810 called " my most dangerous
rival," died in that year. The portrait of Lord Melbourne painted
for Dr. Langford is believed to be one which is now the property of
the King and is in the Corridor at Windsor Castle.
1838] CONCERNING NOVEL-READING 83
like of Reynolds, and of his predilection for West. 1
Lord M. told me that he heard it had been remarked
that I didn't bow to the Officer when the Escort
changed ; I thanked Lord Melbourne for telling me
so, and I said I would take care and do so. One of
the first things Lord Wellesley told him, he said,
was that " Lord Plunket * had made a most excellent
joke." Lord W. asked Lord Plunket what Personal
Narrative meant, and Lord P. answered, that Personal
was in general in opposition to real ; Lord M. told
this so funnily, imitating Lord Wellesley's way of
speaking. . . .
Sunday, 23rd December. Read in Eugene Aram*
for some time while my hair was doing, and finished
it ; beautifully written and fearfully interesting as
it is, I am glad I have finished it, for I never feel
quite at ease or at home when I am reading a Novel. 4
and therefore was really glad to go on to Guizot's
Revolution de VAngleterre.
1 Benjamin West (1738-1820) was Reynolds's successor as Presi-
dent of the Royal Academy. There are some charming portraits
of George III.'s family by West, now hung in Kensington Palace,
to which they were brought from Hampton Court in 1901. Gains-
borough was a greater favourite with the King than even West. He,
too, painted a series of portraits of the King's children. They are in
Queen Mary's audience-room at Windsor, a room beautifully decor-
ated in the Victorian manner by Grace for the Prince Consort. This
series of portraits, very little known, is among the best work of
Gainsborough.
2 William Conyngham, first Lord Plunket, was Attorney-General
for Ireland during Lord Wellesley's Lord-Lieutenancy. He was Irish
Lord Chancellor under Lords Grey and Melbourne, but was induced
to resign the post in favour of Campbell.
3 Bulwer Lytton's well-known melodramatic novel.
* This feeling of doubt as to the propriety of reading novels lingered
in the minds of young people for another twenty years. It was not
until Dickens had become a household word, in the 'sixties, that the
tone of fathers and mothers in regard to novel-reading changed, and
their rigorous prohibition was relaxed.
84 ACTRESSES: MRS. JORDAN [*T. is
Wednesday, 26th December. Lord M. asked if
Seymour l was gone ; I replied he was to be at Brussels
last Sunday. . . .
Friday, 28th December. The first actresses, he
continued, began in Charles II. 's reign, and were
Mrs. Ness, Mrs. Marshall, and Nell Gwynn, all women
of bad character ; there is an account of them in
Pepys' Memoirs, he says. They were succeeded by
others in William III.'s and Queen Anne's reigns,
whose names he mentioned but which I've for-
gotten ; and they again by Mrs. Yates, " who
were beautiful actresses, and very clever women,
some bad, some good." Mrs. Jordan died in '16, he
said, at Paris, but acted till '13 or '14 ; Mrs. Jordan '
was very good-natured, Lord M. said, and George IV.
liked her. Asked Lord M. if he ever knew her to
speak to ; he said no, never ; that one day when
he went behind the scenes with Mr. Lewis, 3 the
author, they met her just coming off the stage in
man's clothes ; she had been acting Hippolyta.
Sunday, 30th December. Lord M. said he felt
much better. Talked of Anderson's preaching ;
1 Sir Hamilton Seymour (1797-1880), who held various diplomatic
posts, including that of British Ambassador at St. Petersburg when
the Crimean War broke out, was at this time Envoy Extraordinary at
the Belgian Court.
2 Dorothy Jordan (1762-1816). Her "good nature" plunged
this clever and attractive actress into many difficult situations. She
was equally lavish of her affections and her resources. She bore the
Duke of Clarence ten children. There are two portraits of her in
the Garrick Club.
3 Matthew Gregory Lewis was one of Byron's intimate associates
in the days of his youthful dissipation. He wrote many plays and
some poems, and a novel against which legal proceedings were taken
on the score of immorality. This novel, Ambrosio, or The Monk,
gave rise to the nickname of " Monk Lewis," by which he is generally
known. He died of yellow fever on his way home from the West
Indies in 1818.
1838] WOMEN WRITERS 85
and Lord M. said, " I'm afraid to go to church for
fear of hearing something very extraordinary." I
laughed and said he never went, and that he always
managed to be very conveniently either unable to
come down for a Sunday, or to be ill, which made
him laugh very much. Talked of when my boxes
arrived in London, and Lord M. said he always tried
to prevent their bringing boxes to him when he
was at dinner at Lady Holland's, for that she was
always wanting to know what was in it, and would
say, " What's that ? Let me see what that is."
That he always made as good a fight as he could,
but that it was often very difficult to prevent her.
Lord M. then said, " No woman ever wrote a
really good book ; no sterling book." Hannah
More and Mme. de Sevigne" were mentioned, and
he admitted that those were both exceptions ;
H. More he thinks a very clever writer, and said
she drew the distinction between the intellects
of man and woman uncommonly well ; "a woman
has a much quicker intellect, much acuter, seizes
a point much quicker, but somehow or other they
don't keep it," he said, which made us laugh ;
Mme. de Stael he thinks the best female writer, and
that she was very clever, " but she was a great hum-
bug." Mrs. Somerville, 1 he agreed, was very clever,
and said that Lord Hare wood said of her, " She is
good from the attic to the kitchen." When La
Grange saw her at Paris, Lord M. continued, he said
that he only knew one as clever as her, and that
1 Mary Somerville (1780-1872), daughter of Vice-Admiral Sir
William George Fairfax. A lady of masculine intellect and rare
scientific attainments, but of so fair and fragile appearance that in
girlhood she was called "The Rose of Yedburgh," her birthplace.
She was the most remarkable woman of her generation, if judged by
the standards usually applied to scientific thinkers of the sterner sex.
ii 7
86 GREY HAIRS [*r.i9
was a Miss Fairfax. " That's me ! " she replied.
Talked of Miss Edgeworth's writings ; also Oliver
Twist, 1 which I must say is excessively interesting ;
of Mr. Pitt's way of dressing, which Lord M. des-
cribed as being a blue coat, a pair of nankin breeches
very tight over the knees, blue silk stockings, and
shoes with buckles ; " that was the dress of a beau
in those days." Lord M. said he had never had his
hair dressed, or worn powder, but that he had great
difficulty to persuade his father to let him crop his
hair. Lord Normanby reminded Lord M. how very
black his hair was when he first knew him ; Lord
M. said it was beginning to turn then ; "I began
to be seriously alarmed about it," said Lord M.,
" when I was at Paris ; I had all the grey hairs
pulled out ; I had three women at it, and in a week's
time there were just as many ; and you have no
idea how painful it is, when you go on doing it for
an hour together." He said this so funnily. Be-
fore Lord M. told us this, he said that when Lord
Morley cut off his tail, Canning said, " that he had
heard so much of it, that he wanted to look at it."
Monday, 31st December. Lord Melbourne and I
looked at a Vol. of small Prints after Reynolds *s
pictures. He observed upon each, in his amusing
manner, knowing who most of them were. Mrs.
Abington, 8 who was a famous Comic Actress, and
1 Oliver Twist began to appear in January 1837, and was not
completed until March 1839, so that the Queen was now more than
halfway through the novel.
2 Frances Barton, afterwards Mrs. Abington, was of obscure
origin, and her early life was full of hard and painful experience.
She gradually acquired fame in all branches of comedy. Her costume
and elocution were much admired. At forty, she originated the part
of Lady Teazle, and to Walpole she appeared the " very person " for
the part. When past sixty, she acted Beatrice, a feat only equalled
1838] LADY HOLLAND 87
who he knew afterwards in society as an agreeable
woman ; there were several other very handsome
women ; Lady Charles Spencer, 1 who he said had
been a most beautiful woman. The Duke of Rut-
land's mother,' a very great beauty, and who Lord
M. knew very well, and he said, " She used to be
very fond of me." Talked of Mrs. Fitzherbert, 8 her
beauty ; of Lady Holland, her not allowing any
print to be taken after her pictures; her having
had 3 children by her 1st husband, and 4 by her
2nd ; there not being much love between her and
Henry Fox ; and Lord M. said it was hardly
possible for people who knew her intimately not to
quarrel with her. . . .
by Helen Faucit in after-years, who appeared at much the same age
in the trying part of Rosalind.
1 Mary, daughter of Vere, Lord Vere, and sister of Aubrey, Duke
of St. Albans, married Lord Charles Spencer, second son of the third
Duke of Marlborough.
2 Mary Isabella, daughter of Charles, fourth Duke of Beaufort.
3 Maria Fitzherbert (1756-1837), youngest daughter of Walter
Smythe, a Roman Catholic country squire. She was twice married,
and when for the second time a widow met George IV., then Prince
of Wales. It is a curious coincidence that as a child she had been
presented to Louis XV. She was married to the Prince of Wales on
21st December, 1785, but under the Royal Marriages Act the ceremony
was illegal and the alliance invalid. By George III. and Queen Char-
lotte and by all the members of the Royal Family she was treated
with high consideration and much kindness. It was not undeserved.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER XIII
DURING the first three months of 1889 the Queen's days were
passed in the normal atmosphere of Lord Melbourne's congenial
society. Trouble, however, there was, and owing to the in-
caution and want of prudent reserve shown by some of those
about the Court, a false accusation made against one of the
Duchess of Kent's Ladies caused strong private and public
resentment, which very unfairly reacted against the young Queen.
For a time her popularity suffered. There were deeper reasons
for anxiety, due to the Government's lost hold upon Parliament.
Lord Roden carried in the House of Lords a motion for a Select
Committee to inquire into the state of Ireland. Lord Melbourne,
inclined as he was to resign his office, felt that he could not do so
in the face of the declaration made by him in 1836, that he would
maintain his post so long as he possessed the confidence of the
Crown and of the House of Commons. Of the former he was
assured, but he resolved to test the latter, and the result was a
resolution of confidence from the Commons by a majority of
twenty-two votes. That his Ministry, however, was likely to be
short-lived was now clear to every one, including the Queen.
Louis Philippe was at this time in considerable difficulty to
find a serviceable Minister. It was thought in this country that
Thiers was inevitable, although the King, unwilling to accept him,
had appointed Soult to the post. It is curious to find the Queen,
in view of her strong reluctance to face the probable advent of Sir
Robert Peel into her Councils, writing to her Uncle Leopold that
" it is a pity that Louis Philippe should show so much dislike to a
man he must take." As a tribute to the teaching of Lord Mel-
bourne, and to his unwearied efforts to convince the Queen that
she should look kindly on the Tories, this phrase from one of her
letters is illuminating.
It was at this time, when the young Queen's horizon was
darkened by the Lady Flora Hastings " incident " and the prospect
of losing the guidance of Lord Melbourne, that the King of the
Belgians was eagerly pursuing his scheme for marrying her to her
cousin Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg. The youthful Prince was
travelling in Italy under the wing of Baron Stockmar, who had
been withdrawn from the English Court by Leopold for the
express purpose of acting as Prince Albert's mentor and travelling
companion. Although there were rival candidates, and although
Lord Melbourne looked coldly upon Leopold's choice, the King
was obdurate and firm. It was arranged that Prince Albert
should visit the Queen in the month of October.
CHAPTER XIII
1839
Thursday, 1st January. Got up at 9. Most fer-
vently do I beseech Almighty God to preserve me
and all those most dear to me safely through this
year, and to grant that all may go on as it has
hitherto done, and to make me daily more fit for
my station. Sir George Grey l must, Lord Mel-
bourne thinks, be eventually Judge Advocate-
General 2 ; " but John Russell wishes to have him
in the House on the Address ; and Lord Glenelg is
very unwilling to part with him." It will be diffi-
cult to replace him, Lord M. says, but he is very
desirous of being Judge Advocate. Talked of my
getting on in Oliver Twist ; of the descriptions of
" squalid vice " in it ; of the accounts of starva-
tion in the Workhouses and Schools, Mr. Dickens
gives in his books. Lord M. says, in many schools
they give children the worst things to eat, and bad
beer, to save expense ; told him Mamma admonished
me for reading light books. 3 Lord M. took 2 apples
(Newtown pippins), put one on his plate, and wrapped
up the 2nd in his napkin, and hid it in his lap ; he
did this in such a playful manner as made me and
himself laugh very much. When the one was eaten,
the 2nd was produced from its hiding place. He
1 See ante, Vol. L, p. 300.
2 He was appointed during this year, 1839.
3 This view of novels was widely held at this time. See ante, p. 83.
II 7* 89
90 ACTING: JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS [*r.i9
then mentioned Mrs. Jordan as such a charming
actress, though a little vulgar ; " there was nothing
like her," he said, her spirits and all. Talked of
Mme. Vestris, her being half Italian ; Garrick's
mother being Italian, 1 which Lord M. told us and
which I never knew. " It's very rare to see a good
actress," said Lord M., " it's very rare to see a good
anything, that's the fact." Lady Ashley said, she
should like so much to act, and Lady Fanny too,
though neither has ever acted. " Would like to
smell the lamps," Lord M. said to Lady Fanny ;
talked of its being easier to sing and act ; Lord M.
said, it took away from the sameness ; " Music takes
away the sameness of a tragedy, that is to those
who like it " ; these last words Lord M. pronounced
in a very marked and sly manner, and made us all
laugh. Talked of the Italians' good acting ; Grisi's ;
of Private Theatricals ; Lord M. was a great actor
himself, but hasn't acted for many years.
Wednesday, 2nd January. Lord M. then spoke
to me about some new Puisne Judge who would be
appointed, but which I must ask him once more
about ; I then showed him a letter I had got the
day before from Sir J. Hobhouse about another
Judgeship. Lord Melbourne was very cheerful and
seemed in good spirits when out riding ; I observed
that he had a green coat on, since he was here, which
I hadn't observed him wear before ; he smiled and
said, "Is it a bad colour ? " I assured him quite
the contrary, but that it was new for him to wear
it, as also an olive-green velvet waistcoat.
1 Lord Melbourne probably meant Garrick's grandmother, and not
his mother. David de la Garrique, the actor's Huguenot grandfather,
may have married an Italian. Garrick's mother was Arabella Clough,
the daughter of a vicar-choral of Lichfield Cathedral.
1839] PORTRAITS OF THE QUEEN 91
Thursday, 3rd January. He had seen his sister.
" She says," he continued, " that that picture 1 which
the Maids of Honour wear, is wrong." That it was
throwing it away upon them and ought to have been
given only to the Ladies in Waiting ; I said it was a
very small picture, and that the Ladies had a picture
in a bracelet ; he continued that it's considered the
very highest distinction the Emperor and Empress
of Russia can give, to wear their Portrait on the
shoulder with a red ribbon; " She says Mme. de
Lieven would die of it if she saw it." Talked of
George IV.'s giving his picture to so few ; Lady
Conyngham, Lady Cowper, and Lady Aboyne 2 being
the only 3 English Ladies who had it. Talked of
my feeling low and ill, which as I had felt it both
times I was here, at different seasons, was a proof,
I thought, that the place [Windsor] disagreed, which
he wouldn't allow. He said very funnily, " You
have got some fixed fancies ; Your Majesty has
settled in your mind certain things." Lord M.
asked if I had got on far with Oliver Twist ; I said
into the 2nd volume, and liked it so much and
wished he would read it, which he said he would one
day ; talked of it, and of the story ; of the Beggars 9
Opera by Gay, 3 which Lord M. has seen very often,
1 The " picture " was a miniature portrait of the Queen. The
Queen always wore up to the time of her death a small miniature
of herself surrounded by diamonds on a bow of crimson ribbon.
The Ladies in Waiting wore a bracelet with the Queen's miniature
up to the time the 2nd Class of the "Victoria and Albert" Order
was instituted, when the Queen gave the 2nd Class to the Ladies in
Waiting. The Women of the Bedchamber wore the Queen's monogram
in pearls and diamonds on a white watered silk bow.
2 Lord Aboyne, afterwards tenth Marquess of Huntly. Lady
Aboyne had been Lady Elizabeth Conyngham, sister of the Lord
Chamberlain.
3 See Vol. I., p. 330.
92 FRENCH FABLES AND WRITERS [*T. 10
and which is coarse ; but he says they have refined
it down so much and scratched out so much as the
times got more polished, that there was hardly any-
thing good left. Gay had some talent, Lord M.
said ; he was at Court about the Duke of Cumber-
land, and was offered, Lord M. said, the situation of
gentleman Usher, which however he didn't think
good enough, and left the court ; upon which he
was taken up by the Duchess of Queensberry, 1 a
great beauty and leading person of the day, but who
was always in opposition to the Court ; she was
a Hyde, Lord M. said, daughter to Lord Rochester
and grand-daughter to Clarendon ; talked of Gay's
fables which Lord M. knew by heart when he
was 4 years old ; of children learning fables ;
their not understanding them " as they are generally
deep." He thinks the French fables the best.
He mentioned Lafontaine's, " though he's a writer
not to be mentioned generally ; he's not a correct
writer " ; his tales are not to be mentioned, but
his fables are excellent ; Lord M. thinks him,
Moliere, and another, the best French writers ; I
observed Moliere was not very proper ; Lord M.
said pretty well, that there was a great difference
in what was so " from the coarseness of the times,
and what is avowedly so," which is very true.
Talked of Barante's 8 History of the House of Bur-
1 This lady died of a surfeit of cherries in 1777. Her correspondence
with Swift and Gay, her influence over the elder Pitt, her intimacy
with Pope and Prior, her eccentricity in dress, and her youthful appear-
ance in old age made her famous. Walpole at Twickenham used to
thank God that " the Thames is between me and the Duchess of
Queensberry."
2 Amable Guillaume Prosper de Barante, Baron de Bongiere,
born in 1782, held important civil posts in France under the Empire
and after the Restoration. He was also Ambassador at St. Peters-
1839] EPISODES IN FRENCH HISTORY 93
gundy, which Lord M. says is so excessively inter-
esting, though rather a long book ; " more like a
novel " ; that there were many things in History
which he thinks very extraordinary hardly credi-
ble ; all that about the murder of the Duke of
Orleans by the Duke of Burgundy (in the book) and
of the Duke of Burgundy by the Dauphin was very
curious ; it all arose from an offence given ; the
Duke of Orleans was a violent man, Lord M. con-
tinued, and he showed the Duke of Burgundy into
a room full of pictures, " and he said to the Duke,
* All these ladies have been my mistresses,' and
the first was the Duchess of Burgundy." That
offence was the cause of the Duke's murder ; there's
the whole account of Joan of Arc in it, " and beauti-
fully told," Lord M. said ; " I suppose it was en-
thusiasm at first, but she certainly became an
excellent commander." Talked of the English be-
having so cruelly to her ; Lord M. said he really
wasn't quite surprised, considering the times, and
how extraordinary it was. Lord Alfred brought in
his dog ; she is a fine large black dog, half New-
foundland, half retriever, called Diver, but also
sometimes Mrs. Bumps ; she's a dear affectionate
gentle creature and took a great liking to me and
lay near me ; Lord M. said, " Dogs get so familiar
that they behave as well as any man, better than
some."
Friday, 4tth January. He then gave me a War-
rant to sign, saying, " I thought it best to bring
this Warrant myself to you ; somebody ought to
bring it to you ; the Lord Steward ought by rights."
It is a Warrant for a sum of money given to a
burg. His Histoire des Dues de Bourgogne de la Maison de Valois,
published in 1824, led to his admission to the French Academy.
94 COURT DINNER ETIQUETTE DET.IO
number of servants' Widows, from (I think) the Lord
Steward's Department, and which Murray 1 wanted
to bring to me himself, and about which I had talked
to Lord M. when he came out from dinner the day
before ; Lord M. said it was a large sum, and that
it rather encouraged servants to marry and not to
provide for their wives. Lord M. gave me a copy
of it to keep. He then gave me a note from William
C. to read ; it was to say that he had set Stanley
at the newspapers, to prevent their making so much
noise about the Corn Laws ; it's The Times, I think,
Lord M. mentioned. He then said, " Here's a very
long and a very good letter from Lord Howick about
Canada ; and what is to be done ; I'll leave it with
you, and perhaps you'll send it me." No one ever
dined with George III. except perhaps on very great
occasions the Archbishop of Canterbury and the
Lord Chamberlain ; George I. used to dine at Rich-
mond with Sir Robert Walpole, Lord M. said, and
was very fond of joviality ; George III. introduced
that very strict etiquette ; "It suited him," said
Lord M. ; " he dined with great rapidity, was very
temperate and hardly ate anything it would not
have suited him " (to have had company) " and he
would not very probably have made it very agree-
able to others." . . .
Tuesday, 8th January. Lord M. again took two
apples, but only ate one, and put the other before
him ; I asked him if he meant to eat it ; he thought
not, and said, " But I like to have the power of doing
so." I observed hadn't he just as well the power
1 Charles Augustus Murray (1806-95), diplomatist and author.
Son of the second Earl of Dunmore. At this time he was Extra Groom-
in- Waiting and Master of the Household (1838-44). He was afterwards
a K.C.B., and Minister successively to Persia, Denmark, and Spain.
1839] SEDAN CHAIRS: DOGS 95
of doing so, when the apples were in the dish on the
table ? He laughed and said, " Not the full power."
Wednesday, 9th January. Talked of Lady Stan-
hope not having written very often. " Why, pretty
well," said Lord M., " considering that I've not
written to her once ; not once." He said he didn't
answer all the letters he got, which I didn't wonder
at; "But the Duke of Wellington would," he re-
plied ; "he would answer all and if he didn't answer
them all he would at least acknowledge them and
that's the right way." Talked of Sedan Chairs and
being carried in one, which Lord M. said " is a very
pleasant sensation." " My mother used always to
have her chair, and it was the usual mode of con-
veyance ; the Town is grown too large for it now."
Talked of it for some time, and Lord M. said there
used to be 300 Chairmen in London, all Irishmen,
very strong and very skilful. " That man oppo-
site," said Lord M. looking at Pocock, " has very
often walked before my mother's chair ; he knows
it all perfectly." He don't like Masquerades much,
he said, " It's a mixture of profligacy and malignity."
I had the beautiful picture of the dogs brought in ;
and then I sent for Dashy who Lord M. accused of
having crooked legs, which I wouldn't allow ; we
put him on the table, and he was very much petted
and patted and admired by Lord M., who was so
funny about him ; we gave him tea, and Lord M.
said, " I wonder if lapping is a pleasant sensation,"
for that it was a thing we never had felt.
Talked of the picture of him and his brothers
(now Lady Cowper's) not having been his father's ;
and I said Lady Cowper told me his father was dis-
pleased with part of his (Lord M.'s) dress ; Lord M.
said, " I believe my father didn't like to pay for
96 LORD MELBOURNE'S HOUSE [* T .i9
the picture." It cost Lord Cowper, Lady C. told
me, 600, and Lord M. said, the original price was
300 ; talked of the print of it, and Lord M. said the
picture was very bright and light. That Leslie said
when Queen Elizabeth said she wished to be painted
without any shade in her face, that she meant " in
an open garden-light," which was too much for the
artists of that time, and that it was no ignorance
whatever. Talked of the fine picture Reynolds did
of his (Ld. M.'s) mother, with his eldest brother, of
which I said no print was now to be had. He said
the picture was a very fine one, done soon after she
was married ; like a Titian. Lady Cowper finds
her house (which Lord Cowper left her) an expense,
and 3,000 a year, though considered a good deal,
Lord M. said is hardly enough. It's a rather large
house ; larger than his ; his is not a large house 1 ;
" It wouldn't hold any one else besides me," he
said ; " No one else ? " I said ; and he replied
laughing, " No one else ; not by any means " ;
which made us both laugh very much. He pays
1,000 a year for it ; " It's all my idleness not
to look out for another " ; he has had it since
'30 ; " Mrs. Lamb took it for me." He had lived
in Dover House, 2 where his father died, ever since
1 Lord Melbourne's house during his Premiership was 39, South
Street, Mayfair.
2 Lord Melbourne's father purchased from the Fox family in 1770
the fine house in Piccadilly which stood on the site of what is now the
Albany. Here the future Prime Minister was born in 1779. About
the year 1790 the Duke of York, who occupied the house situated
between the Horse Guards and the Treasury, expressed a strong wish
to exchange houses with Lord Melbourne, and the transfer was carried
out, including the names, York House in Whitehall becoming Mel-
bourne house. It has been known since 1830 as Dover House, from
George Agar Ellis Lord Dover, who purchased it in 1830, and died
there in 1833. It is now the office of the Secretary for Scotland.
1839 GEORGE IV.'S SPIRITS 97
'92 ; having more servants then ; coals cost him
400 a year then, and 70 now. His father built a
magnificent house called Albany (which is now
Chambers) and exchanged it for Dover then Mel-
bourne House, with the Duke of York, on the Duke's
marriage. Lord M. said, he can see traces of Albany
in all George IV.'s Palaces ; talked of George IV.'s
excessive high spirits and good humour when he was
young, which last he lost latterly. Lord M. re-
members meeting him on the stairs in that house,
and " We had just done our dinner, and the Prince
said, ' Have you done your dinner ? ' ' Yes, we
have ' ; c Why, you ought to have only been eating
your soup in that time.' " His spirits were beyond
everything, " fit to leap out of his skin a'most."
Sunday, 13th January. I looked with Lord Mel-
bourne at 2 vols. of Engravings (small) after Rey-
nolds' pictures ; and he knew who almost all of
them were. I shall only name a very few of those
he observed upon. Mrs. Masters, " She was sup-
posed to be the handsomest woman that ever lived,"
he said, " I knew her particularly well ; she died
about 20 year ago," was 65 years old. Sir Joshua
died in '93, Lord M. thinks. 1 Reynolds was per-
petually painting those women ; Kitty Fisher, Nelly
O'Brien. There was a pretty picture of a Miss
Collier ; a Mrs. Mary Robinson, 2 " She was the
1 In 1792.
2 The famous " Perdita," whose intimacy with George, Prince of
Wales, afterwards George IV., was notorious. She is never likely to
be forgotten so long as Gainsborough's lovely portrait of her hangs
in Hertford House. She was not only a beautiful and talented actress,
but a writer of passable prose and verse. Charles Fox found her society
as well as her person to his taste, and Garrick liked her as an actress and
as a woman. After many vicissitudes she died, aged 40, at Englefield
Green, and was buried in the churchyard at Old Windsor. Gains-
98 THE DOUGLAS CASE [*x. 19
1st about whom there was any noise." A Miss
Emily, a famous picture, as Thais, and a great beauty.
Lady C. Spencer, 1 whom Lord M. only saw (did not
know) when she was old, and then a great devote,
walking with her spaniels. There was the print
after his mother's picture ; and of him and his 2
brothers ; and he said, looking at it, " That's me."
Then there was one of a Mrs. Stewart, 8 who he said
was very much engaged in the Douglas Quarrel
Trial, which I never heard of before, but which he
told me all about. The last Duke of Douglas had
no children but an only sister ; and if she had chil-
dren the property was all entailed on them ; if not,
it went to the Duke of Hamilton. She married a
Mr. Stewart ; the Court decided in favour of her
children ; but Lord M. said people are almost cer-
tain and it is generally believed, that she never had
any children. " It is supposed," he said, " that she
purchased two children in Paris and had a feigned
accouchement." The Courts of Scotland decided
against her, and against the legitimacy ; but it was
brought up to the House of Lords, where it was
decided in favour of her ; and Lord M. said, Lord
Mansfield is supposed to have behaved rather unfairly
about it. Talked of Sir H. Taylor's being very ill ;
and Lord M. said kindly, " Poor fellow ! I had always
a feeling that it never would do for Taylor to have no-
borough's sketch for her famous portrait, a work even more
beautiful than the finished picture, hangs in the Queen's private
sitting-room at Windsor Castle.
1 See ante, p. 87.
2 Lady Jane Douglas, sister of the last Duke of Douglas, was born
on 17th March, 1698. On 4th August, 1746, she married, as his second
wife, Colonel John Stewart. When fifty years and four months old
she gave birth to twin sons. The younger lived to be M.P. for Forfar,
and was created Lord Douglas of Douglas.
1839] FRENCH POLITICS 99
thing to do." Talked of his having a number of the
papers, which Lord M. hopes he'll be careful about. 1
Monday, 14th January. Lord Melbourne told me
in going in, that Lord Holland had sent him a note
from Lord Granville, in which he said that the
French Ministry could not stand, he thought ; that
they had lost many of their supporters ; Lord Hol-
land is very sorry for it. " I'm sorry," said Lord
M., " for I'm afraid we shall have Thiers." Lord
Palmerston and Lord Granville both dislike Mole 2 ;
Lord M. says Thiers did everything we wanted, but
then he did it all without telling the King ; and
Lord M. said, " One never knows what he will do
next."
Asked Lord M. if he thought Lady Holland felt
her being unable to come to court s ; he shook his
head and said, " Perpetually ; oh ! she feels it very
much." George IV. knew her, he said, but disliked
her very much latterly ; and she one day was
very rude to him (George IV.) when he came into
her box at the Play ; and he was perpetually
recurring to that ; " He said to my brother,
4 Don't you remember, Frederick, when we went
into the box that night, how she treated me ? ' "
George IV. was excessively fond of Lord Holland,
1 This allusion is to King William's correspondence. He was so
" careful " of the papers that they have disappeared.
2 Count Mole", who had been President of the Council since 1836,
dissolved the Chamber of Deputies in 1838, and as the ensuing general
election gave him an indecisive majority, M. Thiers dexterously
seized the opportunity of forming a junction with Guizot and opening
the way to power for himself. His characteristic obstinacy and
arrogance, however, led to a dispute about appointments to offices,
and, a popular disturbance ensuing, Marshal Soult was appointed
President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs in May 1839.
8 She was the divorced wife of Sir Godfrey Webster. See ante,
p. 70, and Vol. I., p. 101.
100 LORD DURHAM'S INTENTIONS [*T. 19
Lord M. said ; and Lady Holland rather expected
he would have received her, as he used when Prince
Regent to go there so often ; said, I thought per-
haps she mightn't feel the exclusion ; Lord M. said,
" Oh ! she feels it deeply ; there's nobody who
doesn't feel it ; I have never known anybody who
didn't feel it bitterly ; many don't wish to go, but
they don't like the exclusion." Lord Melbourne
told me after dinner before we sat down that he had
seen Duncannon, who had seen Durham ; Durham
sent for Duncannon, Lord M. said, and Duncannon
found him very mild, and saying it was a mistaken
idea that he meant to take a line in opposition to
the Government, that he never meant to do so, and
only meant to defend himself ; he is very much
annoyed, Lord M. says, Duncannon told him, at my
not having answered the letter Lady Durham wrote
from Portsmouth. He promised Duncannon to see
Howick.
Talked of the French Ministry, and who it was
likely might replace them, which Lord M. can't at
all tell ; he don't think the King will name Broglie ;
probably Guizot.
Talked of Clocks, Lord Melbourne's never having
one in his room ; " I always ask the servant what
o'clock it is ; and then he tells me what he likes,"
said Lord M. Talked of large clocks which strike
the quarters, which Lord M. likes ; he thinks the
Eton clock the best in the World. Asked Lord M.
when George IV. gave his father that fine picture l ;
in the year '84 or 5, he said ; talked of Lord M.'s
father having been one of the first of George IV.'s
Lords, when his Household was first formed in '83.
Of his having been in waiting when the Prince of
1 Portrait of George IV. by Sir J. Reynolds.
frtrrrv
of- /the/
-Ley,
1839] MRS. JORDAN'S STATUE 101
Wales married, which he said George IV. did in
desperation ; Lord M. does not think George IV. could
have kept Queen Caroline in bounds, even if he had
treated her well ; they were not calculated to go on
together for a moment, he said. . . .
Wednesday, 16th January. Lord M. had seen all
Chantrey's works in his studio ; and he said, " I
saw Mrs. Jordan's statue " ; the late King, Lord
M. told me (Chantrey told him) sent for Chantrey
about 4 or 5 days after he came to the Throne, and
desired him to make this statue, which he had
always intended to have done when he had the
means for it; the King's Executors tell Chantrey it
belongs to Munster, but Lord M. said Munster
doesn't know what to do with it ; it's too large for
a house ; it's with 2 of the children, and done after
the picture Beechey did of her when she was quite
young and thin, and not like what Lord M. remem-
bers her. Then Lord M. said, they didn't know what
to write under it, so they called it, " Sacred to the
memory of an affectionate Mother, Dorah Bland."
But I asked Lord M., why shouldn't it be Dorah
Jordan ? Bland was her maiden name ; Lord M.
said he had no idea who Mr. Jordan was, 1 or if she
was married to him. Asked Lord M. if he liked
pictures or busts best ; pictures, he said. That
Chantrey said their difficulty was the absence of
colour, and that they were obliged to produce
by shadow what painters do by colours. Lord
M. asked him how it was that Sculptors generally
took fewer sittings than Painters ; " They ought to
have more," he said ; " but Sculptors are gener-
ally cleverer fellows than Painters." Talked again
of Mrs. Jordan. She died at St. Cloud in '16.
1 Mr. Jordan was a myth. She was never married.
H 8
102 THE QUESTION OF VACCINATION [*T. 19
Her brother, called Bland, was not a good actor,
but was very like her, and used to act with her
in the Twelfth Night. " She was beautifully formed,"
Lord M. said, " her legs and feet were beautifully
formed, as this statue is " ; and she used to be
fond of acting in men's clothes ; she used to act
Hippolyta in She Would and She Would Not, and
Rosalind in As You Like It; "a lovely play,"
said Lord M., " the prettiest play in the world ;
and her acting in that was quite beautiful." " She
had a beautiful enunciation," he added. She was
an Irish girl.
Sunday, 20th January. After dinner Lord Mel-
bourne came up to me and said, " I've seen Sir
James Clark this morning ; he's very anxious about
this vaccination." Lord M. then talked for some
time to me about this, urging me to have it done ;
I resisted. " You'll have it done," he said ; " if it
doesn't take, why then you're safe ; and if it does,
it can do no harm." I said I did not mind the
thing, but thought it quite useless * ; he owned
there was a degree of fuss ; " You think it's child-
ish," he continued ; " now that's nonsense ; I
shall see Halford 2 to-morrow morning ; shall I ask
him ? " I said he might. Lord M. then looked at
a new Translation of The Arabian Nights, illustrated ;
he said it was quite another book to the one he was
accustomed to read ; " This is an amusing book
too," he said ; and he read out some accounts of the
Mahommedan religion given in the Notes, which
1 Although Jenner's discovery was about sixty years old, vacci-
nation was by no means universal in 1839, and re vaccination rare.
It was not made compulsory in Great Britain until 1853.
2 Sir Henry Halford (originally Vaughan), Bart., Physician to
George III. and IV., William IV., and Queen Victoria.
1839] INTEREST IN EDUCATION 103
put him into fits of laughter. He said The Arabian
Nights were a very extraordinary production, and
were first known in England a hundred years ago ;
Lord M. talked of Wilkinson's 1 book about the
Egyptians, which he says is so very curious, and he
said, how very curious it was that the Egyptians
drew everything. Talked of my disliking Ancient
History and Rollin, 2 which Lord M. said he never
did, but most people did ; of reading without atten-
tion ; and Lord M. said one never learned well unless
one was interested ; " You can't get on," he said,
" if you can't enlist the pupil on your side " ; and
he said that was why some boys got on very well
at school and others not at all. Said to Lord M. I
should resist about this Vaccination ; " Oh ! no,
you'll do it," he said kindly ; I said No, and that
no one could force me to it ; he agreed in that,
but strongly urged it and said earnestly, " Do."
" Think if you were to have it ; think of the re-
sponsibility, of the scrape you'd get them into ; of
the scrape you'd get us all into."
Monday, 2lst January. Talked of poor Princess
Charlotte's fondness for Uncle, and his for her ; of
his constantly recurring to those times. "He had
acquired great influence with her," said Lord M.,
" was very quiet and patient, and that's the only
way in which a man can have any power with a
woman.' 1
Tuesday, 22nd January. Talked to Lord M. again
about what he had told me the other day, viz.
that people said I showed no particular liking to any
1 John Gardner Wilkinson, an explorer and Egyptologist. He was
knighted in 1839.
8 It is not surprising that the Queen disliked Rollin, if only because
her copy of the book was in folio !
104 CONCERNING PLAYS DET.IQ
of the Ladies, and I asked if it included all my
Ladies and all the Men (of the Court) also ; he said
it did, and that it "is strange for so young a person
not to show any preference " ; I said I dared not,
though I was very fond of some, but that I never
saw a great deal of them, and never talked of any-
thing that interested me much, to them. Lady
Portman, Lady Barham, 1 and Lady Normanby * I
was very fond of, I said ; Lady Tavistock 2 I also
liked, I said, as she was very discreet.
Talked of my going to the Play in State next
week, and of my having no lady hardly to go with
me, and that I must write and ask Lady Tavistock
to come up for it, which he said would be the best
thing to do. Talked of Sheridan Knowles saying
I had promised through Lord John that I would
have one of his Plays acted when I went in State ;
talked of that, and Lord M. said, "All Sheridan
Knowles's Plays are very proper." Said I thought
The Love Chase wasn't quite the thing for me to see ;
" Perhaps that's the most questionable." I asked
if he had seen it ; he said, " No, but I think I read
it " ; but The Hunchback and The Wife he mentioned
as the prettiest modern Plays that could be ; said,
they would never let me see The Hunchback, though
I begged so to see it ; which he was quite surprised
at; for he said it's a most moral Play. Talked of
my seeing The Tempest, which I asked his advice
about ; he advised me to do so. ...
Thursday, 24<th January. Lord M. said there
had been rather an important Cabinet yesterday,
about the Corn Laws, which lasted from 3 till 6.
1 See ante, Vol. I., p. 175.
2 Anne Maria, daughter of third Earl of Harrington. See Vol. I.,
p. 202,
1839] THE CABINET ON CORN LAWS 105
" There was a good deal of difference of opinion,"
he said, " I hope it'll go no farther." Thomson and
Howick, he said, were very anxious, and urged it
very strongly, that the Government should take
advantage of the present clamour about the Corn
Laws " and change the present fluctuating duty
upon corn to a fixed duty of 105." Lord M. said
that the greater part of the Cabinet were for the
change, but think it would be extremely unsafe for
the Government to change at this moment, the
course the Government has hitherto pursued ; it
was an Open Question, and everybody voted as they
liked, he said ; " But they " (Thomson and Howick)
" urged it very strongly ; it was a very eager de-
bate, and they may urge it farther." Interests and
opinions in the country, he says, are very much
divided upon it ; some think the present system,
which almost entirely excludes the Importation of
Foreign Corn, is very injurious to the Country ; others
just the contrary. At 8 we dined. Besides we 13,
Lord Conyngham dined here. We came in about 20
minutes before the Lions came on. Van Amburgh l
surpassed even himself, and was miraculous ; he
stayed a much longer time than usual in the 1st
cage, and all the animals were much more lively
than usual ; in the 2nd cage, as usual, the little
lamb was brought in, while he was reclining on the
Lion's body and head, and put before the Lion's
nose, which he as usual bore with indifference ;
when one of the Leopards, the smallest of all the
animals and a sneaking little thing, came, seized
the lamb and ran off with it ; all the others, except
the lion, and all those in the other cage making a rush
to help in the slaughter ; it was an awful moment,
1 A celebrated lion-tamer of the day.
n 8*
106 VAN AMBURGH, THE LION TAMER [*r. 19
and we thought all was over, when Van Amburgh
rushed to the Leopard, tore the lamb unhurt from
the Leopard, which he beat severely, took the
lamb in his arms, only looked at all the others, and
not one moved, though in the act of devouring the
lamb. It was beautiful and wonderful ; and he
was immensely applauded ; he held the lamb for a
few minutes in his arms, and then sent it out of the
cage, but remained himself some little time in the
cage, making these animals obey as usual. After
the Pantomime was over, we waited in a little ante-
room till everybody was gone, and the house quite
cleared, and then we all went down on the stage,
which was walled in by Scenery, and the cages with
the animals again brought on ; there they were,
and most beautiful beasts they are, so sleek, so well-
conditioned and so wild that really Van Am-
burgh's power seems little short of a miracle. They
had not been fed since early the preceding day, and
consequently were wilder than usual ; Van Amburgh,
who was in plain clothes, is a tall but not very
powerful-looking man ; young, very modest, quiet
and unassuming ; with a mild expression, a receding
forehead and very peculiar eyes, which don't exactly
squint but have a cast in them. I asked him if
that had ever happened before with the lamb ; he
replied, " Sometimes it does ; it did the first time
I took one in," but the lamb was unhurt ; they then
fed them, and they roared and fought with one
another terrifically ; but it was very fine. I didn't
allow Van Amburgh to go into the cages, but he
went up to them and stroked them and they obeyed
him wonderfully ; he told Lord Conyngham that
they were all full grown but two, when he first had
them ; the large lion in the furthest cage is the
1839] CABINET DIFFICULTIES 107
fiercest, he says ; and the weight of the leopard
which he carries on his head and shoulders and
makes it perform every sort of beautiful trick, is
14 stone. He scarcely ever uses an iron bar to them,
but only a stick made of Rhinoceros hide, which he
showed us. ...
Sunday, 27th January. Talked of Lady Bar-
ham's boy l disliking learning, which led us to talk
of children learning; his (Ld. M.'s) having feigned
to be ill so often when a child ; a Mr. Cuppage
taught him to write before he went to his Private
Tutor's ; his having hated learning Latin so, and
wishing, he said, at the time, he could work in
the fields instead. " I remember thinking it most
fervently," he said, " and I used to think how I
wish I was one of those happy fellows in the fields,
instead of learning this consumed Latin ! " . . .
Tuesday, 29th January. . . . Asked Lord M.
if they had had no Cabinet about the Ballot ; he
replied that they had not. " This (the Corn Laws)
has rather superseded the Ballot." Asked him if
this Question was one of more difficulty than the
Ballot ; " No, but people are apt to forget it " when
taken up with a new subject. He thinks there will
be a good deal at first when Parliament meets ; I
observed they had got through several long ques-
tions last year, and Lord M. said, " Oh ! yes ; I
think the danger doesn't come so much from our
adversaries as from ourselves."
Wednesday, 30th January. Lord M. said he was
well, but I thought him looking pale and black
under the eyes. He had not seen Lord John this
morning. Asked why should Lord John resign (as
1 Roden Berkeley Wriothesley Noel, afterwards Groom of the Privy
Chamber, 1867-71.
108 THE JAMAICAN TROUBLE [JET. 19
Lord M. wrote me last night he meant to do) if Lord
Howick did ? Lord M. said, he supposed Lord John
thought it would affect him, and that probably since
his recent loss he hadn't the same spirits. Talked
of Lord Howick's saying he was always in a minority,
which he has often been, Lord M. says ; Lord M.
said in this West Indian business, 1 which is one of
difficulty, he started a new Proposition ; the Legis-
lative Assembly of Jamaica are pursuing the same
course as the Legislative Assembly in Canada did,
and refusing to obey and to carry into execution
what they are ordered to do. " The question is,
what is to be done ? ' said Lord M. ; it is therefore
intended, he continued, to empower the Govern-
ment and Council to do it ; well, Lord Howick
wishes, Lord M. said, that this should be done for all
the islands, and a Commission sent out, of 5 Com-
missioners, to legislate for all the Islands ; now
Jamaica is the only island that has positively acted
contumaciously, though the others have done their
duty inadequately. Asked Lord M. if Lord John
agreed with Lord Howick upon this ; Lord M. said,
he did not ; why therefore should he resign, I ob-
served. Lord M. said because Lord John thought
that Lord Howick's resignation would be said to
be on account of his having more popular feelings
than Lord John, which would weaken Lord John's
influence ; I asked Lord M. if he thought so ; " No,
1 Reference has already been made to the apprenticeship question
in Jamaica, ante. Vol. I., p. 294. The planters' severity in punishment
had also placed a strain on the accommodation in the prisons, and an
Imperial Act for their regulation was passed. The Jamaica Assembly
was opposed to this, and a second house, elected after a dissolution
by the Governor, Sir Lionel Smith, took the same view. This state
of things induced the Melbourne Government to introduce a Bill to
suspend for a time the constitution of Jamaica.
1839] DOWNING STREET AND THE CABINET 109
I don't see the least reason why he should do so,"
said Lord M. ; at the same time, it would be in-
convenient and embarrassing if Lord Howick was
to resign, as it would be difficult to fill up his place ;
asked Lord M. if he always gave trouble ; Lord M.
said he always did, even when out of the Cabinet,
during Lord Grey's administration, under Lord
Ripon. Lord M. said, " He is a very clever man, but
a very obstinate man, and excessively eager about
what he takes up, and very angry when every body
don't immediately adopt his views." Lord M.'s
eyes filled with tears in speaking of England's
glories ; he loves his country truly. " George III.
said," Lord M. continued, " 4 I've been both the
most unpopular and the most popular of monarchs ;
the first I owe to my Ministers ; the last I owe to my
son ' ; rather a bitter mot, if he said it." Talked of
Lord M.'s house in Downing Street, which is a " large J*
rambling house, badly furnished." l He made a
contract with a man in '34, just before Lord M. was
out, for furnishing it for 6 and 20,000, and paid
300 to be off. They have the Cabinets at his
house in Downing Street instead of at the Foreign
Office, now. 8
Thursday, 31st January. Talked of my going to
the Play in State again, and Lord M. said, " If you
1 The official house of the Prime Minister. It was left by Sir
Robert Walpole to his successors. It has not, however, always been
used by the Prime Minister. Lord Salisbury, for instance, did not
occupy it, but gave it to Mr. Balfour, who at that time was First Lord
of the Treasury and Leader of the House of Commons.
2 The practice has varied under different Prime Ministers. At
the present time (1912) the Cabinet Councils are again held in the old
Cabinet room in Downing Street, in spite of the size of the Cabinet.
The room has double doors, for the purpose of greater secrecy, and
a " messenger," by immemorial custom, is stationed at the door.
110 LORD HOWICK'S RESIGNATION [r. 19
like it, it's a popular thing." Talked of the stand-
ing for the Attendants being rather a hard thing ;
and Lord M. said, he believed George III. and
Queen Charlotte introduced that, and particularly
George III. Talked of George III. using to go once
a week to the Play in State ; George IV. used to go
often before he became King, and understood acting
well, Lord M. said. Lord M. said there had been
hardly any Court till George III.'s time, since Queen
Caroline (George II. 's wife), 1 and she was only
Queen for 10 years ; " She had a literary society,"
Lord M. continued ; " Dr. Clark, and Leibnitz."
Lord M. admires her ; talked of Frederick Prince of
Wales. Said I thought he was stupid, which Lord M.
doesn't think, but said, " He wrote ridiculous verses ;
he was always writing love verses." I forgot to say
that before dinner I received a letter from Lord
Melbourne, sending 3 letters from Lord Howick ; the
1st to Lord John saying he could not alter his mind,
and enclosing a letter to Lord Melbourne tendering
his resignation ; and the last (to Lord John), having
heard Lord John would resign if he did, which shook
him a good deal in his decision. He had not been
at the Cabinet, Lord M. said, and Lord M. was going
to see him at 12 next morning.
Friday, 1st February. He had seen Lord Howick,
whom he found calm and reasonable enough ; he
had written Lord Melbourne a letter before he came
to see him, which Lord M. had sent to Lord John.
Lord M. said Lord Howick said, that he did not like
to take the entire responsibility upon himself of
breaking up the Government, and that he would
remain if he was sure that the Government of the
1 That is, between 1737 (when Queen Caroline died) and 1760,
when George III. succeeded to the throne.
1839] HOWICK AND RUSSELL 111
Colonies would be put on a sure footing, in fact,
Lord M. said, meaning the removal of Lord Glenelg.
Lord M. said, " Lord Glenelg certainly does it very
indolently and loosely, and is so slow about bringing
anything forward." I observed how inconvenient
it was, this happening just now, in which Lord M.
agreed, and Lord M. said, " I said to him (Howick),
You should have told me this a month or two ago."
But he replied, he was obliged to wait for a fit
moment for doing so, which hadn't before appeared.
I asked again why should Lord John resign ; Lord
M. said, what he had said before, that Lord John
fears that if Howick resigns, it would be said it was
because he had more popular notions than Lord
John, which Lord J. thinks would lessen his influ-
ence, and he cannot stand unpopularity, still less
now that his spirits are a good deal broken. 1 Talked
of Glenelg's resignation, and his (G.'s) disliking to
resign. Lord M. said, the only way seemed to be,
to make Lord Glenelg resign, which I said was a
disagreeable thing to do, in which he agreed, but
which he said had been done in the case of Lord
Ripon ; when Mr. Stanley wouldn't remain in
Ireland and would only be a Secretary of State,
Lord M. said, Lord Ripon was made to resign. 2
Lord M. said, it was a disagreeable thing to do, " but
it's the only alternative of their resigning." Said I
thought it not right in Lord Howick bringing this
1 By the death of his first wife. See ante, p. 67.
2 This was the more remarkable because Lord Ripon (1782-1859)
had formerly (under the name of Lord Goderich) been Prime Minister.
He became a member of the Whig Cabinet in 1830 as Colonial Secretary,
and under pressure in 1833 gave up that office and became Privy Seal.
At this time Lord Ripon was out of office, but he became President
of the Board of Trade in Sir Robert Peel's second Administration
formed two years later.
112 MINISTERIAL REARRANGEMENT [*r.i9
on, just now, and Lord M. said, " No, it's not right,
it's very awkward " ; and I observed it wasn't right
in Lord John minding unpopularity. " He shouldn't
mind it," said Lord M. " / think he's quite mis-
taken." Lord M. would see Lord John almost
directly ; there was to be a Cabinet about the
Speech, and Lord M. had got Lord Howick to come,
as his absence was observed ; asked if Lord Howick
did his business well. " Very well," replied Lord
M. ; " but too actively, quite the opposite extreme
to Glenelg." Said I regretted so very much Lord
M.'s having all this trouble ; " Yes, it's a great
difficulty," he replied, " and what's worse I don't
see my way through it."
Got at dinner a letter from Lord Melbourne, in
which he gives me an account of an arrangement
to get over our present serious difficulties. This is
Lord Melbourne's communication : " Lord Mel-
bourne presents his humble duty to Your Majesty,
and begs to acquaint Your Majesty that he has seen
Lord John Russell. Lord John is of opinion that
the only mode of keeping the Government together
is to take immediate measures for replacing Lord
Glenelg at the Colonial Office. He proposes that
Lord Normanby should be sent for from Ireland and
receive the Colonial Seals, and that Lord Glenelg
should have the Privy Seal with a retiring pension.
Lord Melbourne must speak to Lord Lansdowne,
Lord Palmerston, and others, before he can decidedly
submit such an arrangement to Your Majesty, but
Lord Melbourne fears that there is no other mode
of preventing the dissolution of the Administration."
Saturday, 2nd February. Lord M. then said,
" Now, Ma'am, I wrote to John Russell this morning,
very strongly, representing the great difficulty of a
1839] LORD JOHN RUSSELL'S TROUBLE 113
change at this moment, and how strange it would
appear, and here is his answer." In this he says
he thought he had been punished by the dreadful
calamity he had endured for meddling in other people's
business, and that he did not mean to bring it for-
ward again ; but that Lord Howick's opposition
had roused all his feelings again, and that he would
resign next week. Lord Melbourne then read over
the part in which he says he thought himself
punished by the calamity he had undergone, 1 and
Lord M. said, proved how full he was of his mis-
fortune, and that he was always harping upon it ; and
Lord M. observed that people are always thinking
why they in particular should be afflicted. "Now
this looks very unfavourable," said Lord M., but he
continued that he had met Palmerston (on Constitu-
tion Hill, which had made him late, he said) whom
he had desired to speak to Howick ; Palmerston
said he had conversed fully with Howick ; Howick
said, though he quite agreed with Lord John upon
the bad state the Government of the Colonies was in,
still he knew and saw the impossibility of a change
now, and therefore he would be content to remain,
if he could be sure that the Colonial Department
would be better conducted ; Lord M. said, " So I
hope to be able to prevent their having a blow up,
before the Address is over ; and then try and settle
it with them ; but I don't know." I repeated to
Lord M. that I thought it not at all right of either of
them, that they should bring this on just now. " No,
it isn't right," said Lord M., " and that's what
Thomson says ; he says, ' You won't have a leg
1 Lord John's usually well-balanced mind was temporarily un-
hinged by his domestic loss. He was a man exceptionally sensitive
and tender in the more intimate relations of life.
114 ROYAL OBSTINACY [JET. 10
to stand upon, for if you put it upon the total in-
capacity of Glenelg, why that's been known for a
year or two, and if it's only upon this last decision
of the Cabinet, why that's not ground enough,' "
which is exceedingly true. I asked Lord M. if
he thought Lord John would have resigned if his
Wife were alive; Lord M. thinks certainly not, for
that she wouldn't have let him do so.
Talked of the Princess Sophia Matilda ; of the
Duke of Gloucester being so exceedingly obstinate ;
of the obstinacy in the family ; George IV. was
not obstinate, Lord M. said, and could easily be
managed by his own fancies. Talked of the Duke
of York, and he said that people relied on his
word and his steadiness, which he carried to a
most unfortunate extent, declaring several times
"he would have gone to the Scaffold " sooner than
give way about the Roman Catholics ; over-good-
natured, and allowing people to take liberties with
him, of which Lord M. gave me several instances.
Monday, &ih February. Lord M. then told me he
had asked Lord Palmerston about the Pronunciation
of the word Guaranteed ; that if I wished to be very
English I ought to say guarantee, for that the English
word was warranty and warrantee ; and the French
way of pronouncing it was garantee, as Lord M. pro-
nounces it ; the g was introduced in Charles II.'s time.
Talked of Glenelg ; the letter was to go in the evening.
Asked Lord M. if Glenelg was at all aware of what
was brewing ; Lord M. said not, and I asked him
what would they give him : " We must give him
the Privy Seal " ; I said, then Lord Duncannon 1
must give it up. Lord M. said, " He only holds it,
1 John William, afterwards fourth Earl of Bessborough. See Vol. I.,
p. 73.
C^U Jl. <y~L. Jsisic&M <^ofiJLLCL< JVLitilcia; of hy
-J-rtnrv ox b&rtrtuJsJjy ^DalLcms offer o>
1839] SPEECH-NERVOUSNESS 115
without having any salary ; he takes the salary
from the Woods and Forests." . . .
Wednesday, 6th February. Said, I felt happier to
read the Speech at the Proroguing than at the Open-
ing of Parliament ; which he quite understood. But,
he said, " You seemed more at your ease yesterday,
seemed less nervous; you were very steady." Said
I was less so, but that I always felt nervous ; and Lord
M. said that no one ever got over that, and that
there were very few who didn't feel the same ner-
vousness before making a Speech even if you had
done it a 100 times ; he feels that, he says ; and
Pitt, he said, never came to the House that he didn't
feel certain he should break down ; but Lord M.
said, it is said, nobody speaks well who hasn't that
feeling.
Thursday, 7th February. Said to Lord M. I was
never satisfied with my own reading, and thought I
put the wrong emphasis upon words ; he said, " No,
you read very well ; I thought you read it very well
this morning " ; and I said I often felt so conscious
of saying stupid things in conversation, and that I
thought I was often very childish. 1 " You've no
reason to think that," said Lord M., and that I
feared I often asked him tiresome and indiscreet
questions and bored him. " Never the least," he
replied ; " you ought to ask."
Friday, Sth February. At 20 m. to 2 came Lord
Melbourne and stayed with me till 5 m. p. 2. He
had ridden here ; and said he was " well in health " ;
he showed me a letter from Glenelg persisting in his
resignation ; Lord M. said, when I had read it,
1 The Queen was still in her teens. These Journals show how
modestly she underestimated her intelligence, her perspicacity, and
her fine memory.
116 LORD GLENELG [*T.i9
" The only way is to say that his resignation has
been accepted, and to send for Normanby." Said,
I thought it very hard upon Lord M. all this happen-
ing at this moment. " It puts us into immense
difficulties and dangers," he replied, " when once
such a shake has begun, you never know where it
may end." Talked of Glenelg's being very much
hurt at all this ; and Lord M. said, " I never should
have done it if I hadn't known that nothing but
that could prevent the dissolution of the Govern-
ment." I said certainly John Russell and Howick
had brought all this difficulty upon them, in which
Lord M. agreed ; and I said it was very wrong of
them. Talked of people's being like their Parents ;
and Lord M. said Pitt was the son of Lord Chatham
by Lord Grenville's sister ; and Lord M. said that
when he made a speech people could tell exactly
from which it came ; " That's from Pitt that's from
Grenville." Talked of what the other Ministers
would say about Glenelg's resignation ; " I daresay
it may be better as it is " (these are not exactly his
words, I think), " but still I should have liked to have
gone on," he said ; in which I quite agree. Glenelg
feels it much, we fear ; we agreed Normanby was a
man who would require more notice to be taken of
him by me, than Glenelg did. Talked of Glenelg
having no decision and never being able to decide
promptly, which in Politics, Lord M. said, is abso-
lutely necessary ; of his being too late, and never
ready ; of his being a mild, agreeable man.
I asked him if Normanby would be sent for soon.
" I've written to him," replied Lord M. He wrote to
him yesterday ; he said Normanby was quite ready
to come, and read me a letter from him ; Normanby
says O'Connell and Brougham are well matched ; he
1839] COMPULSORY AND VOLUNTARY EDUCATION
is desired to come over as quickly as he possibly can.
The Cabinet he told me was to be about the general
state of affairs, and the Estimates. Talked of the
answer from the Russian Government to the Des-
patch from Lord Palmerston about their reducing
their Navy, not being very favourable. " Not so
unfavourable," said Lord M., " it's a clever paper."
Lord Palmerston, he said, put it (in the Despatch)
upon what we should say in the House of Commons ;
and the Emperor replies to that, that they need only
say the Emperor's great moderation was well known,
and could well be stated by the known cleverness
of the English Debaters. . . .
Sunday, Wth February. Lord M. made us laugh
very much with his opinions about Schools and
Public Education ; the latter he don't like, and
when I asked him if he did, he said, " I daren't say
in these times that I'm against it, but I am against
it." He says it may do pretty well in Germany,
but that the English would not submit to that thral-
dom ; he thinks it much better be left to Voluntary
Education, and that people of any great genius were
educated by circumstances, and that " the education
of circumstances " was the best ; what is taught in
Schools might be improved, he thinks. " All this
was beginning when I was a boy," he said, " when
I was with a Clergyman at Hatfield, all those Sunday
Schools were beginning." I asked him if he didn't
think that Asylum * of Miss Murray's for poor criminal
children very good ; he shook his head and said, " I
doubt it." I said they would else commit every
sort of atrocity and wickedness ; "And so they will
now, you'll see," he replied. Then he talked of
those Normal Schools where they are going to
1 See Vol. I., p. 162.
H 9
118 MORE GOVERNMENT DIFFICULTIES &BT.IB
educate Schoolmasters, and he said, " You'll see
they'll breed the most conceited set of blockheads
ever known, and that'll be of no use whatever ; now
mind me if they don't," he added, turning to me.
He examined my bouquet and talked of forcing
flowers, and said in his funny way, " Forcing flowers
is questionable." I then talked about all these un-
fortunate difficulties, and Lord M. said this was the
last of many other difficult things they had to dis-
cuss ; asked if they agreed well about those.
" Middling," he replied. Asked Lord M. if Howick's
resignation were not to be followed by John Rus-
sell's, would it be a bad thing ? " Why," Lord M.
said, " it's not good any resigning, as it gives a
shake, but it would not be a bad thing ; it would not
be a bad thing." Talked of Lord John's resigning
and his (Ld. J.'s) reasons for so doing, and Lord M.
said, " / think it's all nonsense," but that if Lord
John had once taken a thing into his head it was
almost impossible to make him change ; and Lord
M. thinks he is obstinate when he gets such notions ;
Howick, excessively obstinate and eager." Said to
Lord M. I regretted so much that I was of no use,
for that I felt I was of no use. " Oh ! no," he said,
" quite the contrary " ; and I said I hoped, if he
thought it would be of any use, he would use my
name whenever he thought proper. " Thank you,
Ma'am, I'll do so," he replied ; " I'll do what I think
right and best about that." Lord M. says he
believes there will be little difficulty from the
Opposition ; " the real danger always comes from
ourselves," and he said he didn't mind being
helped by the Tories, for that he knew their
faults and merits as well as he did those of our
friends, but Lord John dislikes it exceedingly, and
1839] CHARLES II. IN PARLIAMENT 119
can't bear unpopularity in his own party. Talked of
Palmerston's thinking it very wrong of Austria and
Prussia to have withdrawn their Ministers from
Brussels, in which Lord M. agreed, and said, " It's
very rough," and he says Palmerston has written a
very good draft about it. 1 Lord M. talked of the
Chancellor 2 who was called to the Bar the same day
as he (Ld. M.) was ; he is just Lord M.'s age.
Monday, llth February. He had seen Lord
Lansdowne last night, and they agreed that either
Lord Tavistock or Lord Clarendon 3 would be the best
for a Lord Lieutenant. I am quite of this opinion ;
Lord M. doesn't know if Tavistock would take it ;
Lord Clarendon we both think would be very fit
for it. Lord M. said, " All the Irish Members are in
despair at Normanby's leaving Ireland," which I
can quite understand. Talked of Charles II. going
to the House of Lords during Debates ; " he used
to stand by the fire and talk with the Peers like
anybody else," 4 said Lord M. ; but it has never
been done since. Talked of its being very hard I
could never go, for that I would give anything to go.
Wednesday, I3th February. Talked of Lady Port-
man's little girl, who had been very naughty in the
morning and had quite resisted and refused to read
when I asked her to do so, before I went to sit to
Chantrey ; and Lord M. said, " I never heard of
such a thing, I never heard of a child who refused to
1 A dispute as to carrying out what were known as the twenty-four
articles was in progress between Belgium and Holland, and hostilities
seemed probable. By the intervention of the Powers, war was averted.
See ante, p. 48, and Vol. I., p. 387.
2 Lord Cottenham. See Vol. L, p. 282.
8 Sir George Villiers (see Vol. I., p. 229) had succeeded to the
Clarendon earldom in 1838.
4 While listening to the discussion in Parliament of Lord Ross's
Divorce Bill, Charles exclaimed that it was " as good as a play."
120 CHANGES AND APPOINTMENTS [*r. 19
do what he was asked," which made us laugh very
much. " That must be a very refractory child."
" You never hear," he continued, " a boy who has
been brought up at a public school, say / won't or
/ wouldn't " ; that those who were brought up at
Private Schools did so ; I said / always did, and
most children did, and we asked him if he hadn't
done so when a child. " Not much, very little, I
knew I couldn't." " We shall see what this Board
of Education will do," he added funnily.
Thursday, I4stk February. He had had a letter
from Normanby which he read to me, in which N.
wishes to have the new Bishop of Cashel, 1 one of the
Lords Justices ; talked of his (N.'s) successor, and
Lord M. said (what he had already told me the day
before), " Upon the whole we think Lord Clarendon
will be the best, but it's not yet finally settled upon."
Normanby will be here by Monday. Then Lord M.
said that Sir George Grey was very anxious to be
Judge Advocate, " and I think we can't well refuse
him," though it is rather awkward vacating his
place. " Perhaps you'll leave it to my discretion,"
said Lord M., " whether it ought to be done or not ;
if so, it may be done to-day."
At 20 m. to 3 I rode out with Lord Uxbridge,
Lord Fingall, 8 Lord Alfred, Daisy, Miss Murray,
Col. Wemyss, Major Keppel, and came home at J
p. 5. I rode Comus who went delightfully ; and
rode between Lord Uxbridge and Col. Wemyss ; it
was a long and pleasant ride, and a most lovely day,
warm like Summer. We rode 1st through Kensing-
ton by Addison Road, into the Acton Road, and
1 Dr. Stephen C. Sandes.
* Arthur James, ninth Earl, for some time Lord-in- Waiting to
Queen Victoria.
1839] "KING LEAR' 5 121
across into the Harrow Road, and so home by the
Park. We saw no less than 4 trains pass close to
us, and had to wait for one where we have to cross
the rail-road ; once we were lost, or rather mistook
our way, and had to retrace our steps.
Friday, I5th February. Lord M. said, " There's
a great difficulty about this Lord Lieutenancy for
Ireland ; we rather wish to keep Lord Clarendon
for Canada." I asked who would they send ; some
have mentioned Charlemont, 1 Lord M. said, and " I
think Charlemont would do very well," he added.
Monday, 18th February. It was Shakespear's
tragedy of King Lear, acting according to the text
of Shakespear ; we came in soon after the beginning ;
Macready acted the part of Lear ; in parts he was
very fine, particularly in the last Scene where he
brings in Cordelia's body ; but at times he was much
too violent and passionate. Miss P. Horton acted
the fool delightfully. Mrs. Warner ' was Regan, and
old Mrs. Clifford a shocking Goner il ; Miss H. Faucit,
Cordelia ; Mr. Anderson, Edmond ; Mr. Elton,
Edgar, and of course Madrone ; Mr. Bartley, Kent ;
and Bennett, Gloster.
Tuesday, I9th February. Saw Lord Glenelg at
2, to whom (according to what Lord Melbourne had
written to me to say) I expressed my thanks for his
services and my regrets to be unable to keep him in
my Councils, and the high esteem I should always
entertain for him. Talked to Lord Melbourne of
my having seen King Lear and its being a fine
play ; talked of it for some time ; of the way in
which it was acted now at Covent Garden. " I
always thought him (Lear) a foolish old fellow,"
1 Francis William, second Earl of Charlemont, K.P.
2 Mary Amelia Warner, at one time manageress of Sadler's Wells.
II 9*
122 TEACHING USEFUL KNOWLEDGE [*r.i9
said Lord M. " It's a rough coarse play," said
Lord M., written for those times, with exaggerated
characters. " I'm glad you've seen it," he added.
Wednesday, 2Qth February. After dinner before
we sat down, I talked with Lord Melbourne and Miss
Murray about Schools, about which he was very
funny ; talked of these Normal Schools ; " Normal
Schools, conceited name," said Lord M. " Normal
means a rule, so a normal school is a school for
teaching schoolmasters to teach." Talked of teach-
ing the poor people to cook, and all those sorts of
things, and Lord M. said Plato never could bear that
sort of useful knowledge, which he called lowering
Science. " You'll never teach English people to
cook," said Lord M., and he added, " Walter Scott
said, ' Why do you bother the poor ? leave them
alone ' ; don't you think there's a great deal of truth
in that ? Nothing's learnt that way."
Talked of Plays, and Shakespear's ; Lord M. said
there is a great dispute as to which are the first
plays that Shakespear wrote, and that it is not easy
to ascertain ; there are 36 plays acknowledged to be
written by him, and some more, Lord M. said, which
are not quite decided to be his. Talked of Fletcher
who wrote plays at the same time ; of Ben Jon-
son's plays ; " The only one that keeps the stage,"
said Lord M., " is called Every Man in his Humour"
Talked of a play called The Honeymoon which Lord
M. said is written by a man of the name of Tobin l ;
of Katherine and Petruchio, and Lord M. said, " It's
a coarsish plot." ...
Sunday, 24>th February. Talked of Lord Douro's
marriage to Lady Elizabeth Hay, 2 one of Lord
1 John Tobin, also author of The Curfew and The School for Authors.
2 Daughter of eighth Marquess of Tweeddale. She became Lady
1839] PLEASURE IN MUSIC 123
Tweeddale's daughters, being settled ; both Lady
Normanby and I said we should not believe it till
we saw Lord Douro really married, for that he was
so very changeable ; they said Lord Douro had been
out shopping with the young lady ; and Lord M.
said, " Shopping is very demonstrative," which made
us laugh ; and " There is a day when even the most
volage is fixed, and has his wings clipped." Talked
of the picture of Van Amburgh and the Lions Land-
seer is making. " Why, he " (V. Amburgh) tfc quite
brings Daniel down," said Lord M. ; and he talked of
the Power the ancients had with Music over beasts,
and passions ; we said that would have no effect
on him (Ld. M.) ; he said Orpheus would ; which
made us laugh ; he said the formation of the organ
of the ear was different, and also that the dislike
came from want of attention. " I have music in
me," he said, " if it was awoke ; only I never at-
tended to it." If he really had liked it, I said, he
must have attended to it. " I never could dance in
time," he said ; " I never knew when it began.
Sir Isaac Newton said," he continued, " * The only
difference between me and a carter, is attention.' "
" I despised music when I was young, beyond
everything," said Lord M., " and everybody who
liked it ; I was very foolish." It was the fashion,
he said, then, to dislike music and dancing, and to
lounge upon the sofas. . . .
Sunday, 3rd March. Talked of having a Council
next Wednesday or not ; of the coat he wears at the
Council, which he says is comfortable ; of his having
been in full dress the day I came to the Throne,
which he said was right for him, as the Duke of
Douro, and afterwards Duchess of Wellington. She outlived the
Duke (see Vol. I., p. 191) many years.
124 IMPROBABLE RUSSIAN RUMOUR [*r.i9
Wellington had been so when he went to William IV. ;
but none of the others ought to be, as it is a Council,
he said, which assembles of itself and is not sum-
moned ; and that, he said, was the mistake when
George IV. came to the throne, they put in the
Declaration that he had assembled them. 1 Talked of
the number there were at the 1st Council, and my
being less frightened in reading the Declaration, [quite
the 1st thing I had ever read before many, or any,
people,] than I had since, &c. He said, " You didn't
seem much frightened at the 1st Council ; it was a
trying morning altogether ; you had been up so long."
Tuesday, 5th March. Lord M. said that he had
received a letter from the Duke of Wellington the
day before yesterday, in which the Duke says that
there is a gentleman in Hampshire whose son was
Aide-de-Camp to the Emperor of Russia, and that
he had written over (I suppose to his Father) that
he had seen a large plan on the Emperor's table of
an intention to attack the East Indies with his
fleet, that the Emperor had referred it to his Minis-
ters, and that he had afterwards seen it on the
Emperor's table marked " approved " ; the Duke
says he does not think it at all probable that such
a large and difficult undertaking should really be in
contemplation, but he thinks it possible that the
Emperor would get his Fleet into the Mediterranean,
and wishes that something should be done to prevent
their coming out ; the Duke thought this intelli-
gence ought not to be totally disregarded and there-
fore brought it before the Government. " I don't
think it very probable," said Lord M., " but it
mustn't be totally disregarded." 2 Lord M. then said
1 This mistake has occurred since.
2 This ridiculous story was proved afterwards to be a pure fabrica-
1839] A REMARKABLE MARRIAGE 125
he was afraid they were in a scrape about the Regis-
trar's Certificate for a marriage, of which he already
told me the other night ; it sounds exceedingly
absurd, a man has married his grandmother ; Lord
M. told me the case ; an old man of 70 named
John Payne married a girl of 17 ; he had a grown-up
son who had an illegitimate son ; and on the death
of the old man, this same natural son married his
grandfather's widow, which is, of course, quite
wrong ; and the mistake arose, Lord M. said, from
the Registrar saying that an illegitimate child was
no relation, " nullius nlius," Lord M. said, and that
therefore he might marry his grandmother ; now,
Lord M. said, this is quite wrong, and only applies to
inheritance of property and not to a thing of this
sort ; " else," he said, " a man might marry his
Mother or his Sister." 1 . . .
Sunday, IQth March. I asked Lord M. how old
the Bishop of Chester 2 was ; he said, older than he
was, and that he had been in the form above him at
Eton ; " Crumpet Sumner," said Lord M. he was
called, " because his face is said to be in the shape
of a crumpet, like dough," which made us laugh.
Talked of that, and of his singular voice. " That
singing manner that all the Methodists have," he
said ; which Lady Barham wouldn't allow, and said
tion. It is interesting as an illustration of the type of sensational
gossip that finds credence in all countries and under all forms of
government.
1 The registrar was giving effect to what is still the popular idea
on the subject. The Courts, however, have decided that a widower
may not marry even the niece of his dead wife, although the niece's
mother was illegitimate.
8 John Bird Sumner (1780-1862), made Bishop of Chester 1828, and
Archbishop of Canterbury 1848. He was one year younger than Lord
Melbourne.
126 A PROPOSED MARRIAGE [JET.W
that Dr. Chalmers had not ; Lord M. said, " I've
never heard him ; I don't go to those Presbyterians ;
I'm an Episcopalian," which he said in such a funny
way as to make us all laugh.
Monday, Ilth March. I asked Lord Melbourne
how he was in going in and he said quite well, and
I told him I thought I was going to have the Influ-
enza, as I had pains all over ; he replied most
funnily, " It's the best time to have it, no Levee ;
you can't go through the year without being ill."
Talked of Lord Headfort's having lost 6,000 trees by
the hurricane at Headf ort, and large trees, which Lord
M. wouldn't allow, and said, " Can't be ; there are no
old trees in Ireland." . . . Talked of the late King's
serious and real intention to marry me to the second
son of the Prince of Orange ; " He was very eager
about it," said Lord M., " he was very angry with
me about that, for I made a great many objections
to it." Lord M. said the King meant to have managed
it any how, and he was always afraid of being " fore-
stalled " about it, which I said he very likely would
have been. " The Prince of Orange was very anxious
about it," Lord M. continued ; " he came to me
about it, and said the King wished it very much,
but that he knew that wasn't the only thing in
this country ; and he wished to know if I had any
decided objection to it." I talked of my Uncle
being greatly alarmed about it. Pozzo, Lord M.
said, and all the Russians, were anxious and always
wishing for the Dutch alliance. I asked Lord M.
did he think Pozzo was still for it ; Lord M.
said, of course they always wished for such an
alliance ; I asked was there in general much said
about my marrying. " I haven't heard anything,"
he said, " but there will be some day a great deal ;
1839] HEALTH PRECAUTIONS 127
but I'll ask." The best way to prevent that, I said,
was by never marrying at all ; and that I used to
frighten my relations by saying so. I asked him
did he think the Country was anxious I should
marry, for that I wished to remain as I was for
some time to come ; he said he didn't believe they
showed any wish for it as yet." . . .
Wednesday, 13th March. I said to Lord M. I
knew I had been very disagreeable and cross in the
morning, which he didn't allow. I said I had been
exceedingly angry with John Russell for not letting
me go to Drury Lane ; Lord M. laughed and said,
" But it can't be." I couldn't get my gloves on,
and Lord M. said, " It's those consumed rings ; I
never could bear them." I said I was fond of them,
and that it improved an ugly hand. " Makes it
worse," he replied ; I said I didn't wear them of a
morning. " Much better," he said, " and if you
didn't wear them, nobody else would." Ear-rings
he thinks barbarous. I said I thought I was not get-
ting stronger. "Why, you have every appearance
of getting stronger," he said, and " You should take
the greatest care of your health ; there's nothing like
health ; particularly in your situation ; it makes you
so independent ; bad health puts you into the power
of people." Mr. Cowper came up to us, and said he
had been talking to Bulwer about his Play, 1 and that
he wasn't at all satisfied with the way in which it
was acted. " Pooh, pooh ! " said Lord M., " the
man's very unreasonable, he's got his Play through,
and I dare say it ought to have been damned."
Talked of Richelieu, his character, and Lord M. said
that if the people were alive and here they could
often tell us in a moment why they did things,
1 The play referred to was Richelieu.
128 LORD MELBOURNE'S BIRTHDAY t*r.i9
whereas we write volumes to prove the reasons why
people did so-and-so ; he said people always accused
Lord Burleigh of being so unkind to his nephew Bacon,
and Lord M. said he was certain if Lord Burleigh
were alive he would give his good reasons for it,
and we knew " what an infernal scamp " Bacon was.
Friday, I5th March. At a little after 1, Lady
Cowper (the young one) came with her little Niece,
Lady Mary Vyner's little girl, 1 the loveliest child I
ever saw, and such a nice child, called Henrietta
and 6 years old. Wrote my journal. At 10 m. p. 2
came Lord Melbourne and stayed with me till 3. He
was looking particularly well and in high spirits. I
asked him how he was ; and then I said I must wish
him joy of this day (his 60th birthday) and I shook
hands with him and pressed his hand, as he did
mine, most warmly ; I said to him, for many years
I trusted. He seemed pleased and said, " Thank
you, Ma'am." God knows, I wished him joy and
pressed his kind hand with all my heart, and I am
quite certain few could have done it with more
earnestness than I did or be more attached and
thankful to him than I am. Asked where Dun-
cannon lived. " In Cavendish Square, where his
father and grandfather lived," he replied ; " some-
thing very respectable in living where your father
1 She married, when very young, Lord Goderich, who, better known as
Lord Ripon, served the State honourably and with great distinction
in many high offices, including that of Viceroy of India. The Mar-
chioness of Ripon, as she ultimately became, was, like her husband, an
earnest and consistent Liberal in politics. Her health was never
strong, so that she went little into society, but no woman of the late
Victorian era enjoyed and shone more in intimate causerie. Her
instinct and judgment about public affairs were remarkably acute and
wise. Her capacity for friendship was unusual, and her society was
sought by some of the most brilliant and eminent of her contemporaries.
Her memory is deeply cherished by her friends.
1839] ATTITUDE OF THE QUEEN 129
and grandfather lived," which made us laugh, as also
my not knowing where Cavendish Square and Harley
Street are. " Harley Street leads out of Cavendish
Square," he said, " and consequently leads into it."
We were seated as usual, Lord Melbourne sitting
near me ; Islay l sat on the sofa next to me and was
good, but rather bewildered and alarmed at the Band
and at the number of people. Lord M. said, " He
doesn't mind it ; he is not disposed to take part in
it," and when I desired them to take the dog away
to give him a little water, Lord M. said, " You had
better leave him alone, else he'll soon learn to think
he's the first object." " He's a dog of retired habits,"
and " You should encourage those habits of abstin-
ence." I said I hoped he would always tell me
whatever he heard ; he said, " I always do." Not
lately, I said ; " I haven't heard anything lately."
" For," I added, " I was sure I made a great many
mistakes " ; " No, I don't know that at all." People
said, he continued, that I was " lofty, high, stern,
and decided, but that's much better than that you
should be thought familiar." " I said to Stanley," 2
he continued, " it's far better that the Queen should
be thought high and decided, than that she should
be thought weak. 6 By God ! ' he said, c they don't
think that of her ; you needn't be afraid of that.' "
Lord M. seemed to say this with pleasure. " The
natural thing," he continued, " would be to suppose
that a girl would be weak and undecided ; but they
don't think that." I said that I was often very
childish, he must perceive ; " No, not at all, I don't
see that in any respect," he said.
Sunday, 17th March. Talked of the Archbishop
1 A Scotch terrier, and a great pet of the Queen's.
2 Afterwards Earl of Derby, and Prime Minister. See Vol. I., p. 73.
130 MINISTERIAL LEVEES DET.IO
of York and his being so wonderful for his age ;
I made Lord M. laugh by saying he told me
that Lord M. had said to him, " You Bishops are
sad dogs." " He's a good-natured lively man,"
said Lord M. " He was always very kind to me
when I asked his advice about people." Lord M.
went to the Speaker's Levee after his dinner.
" Several people came dressed to my dinner," he
said, " which put me in mind I ought to go." Not a
great many people there, he said ; Stanley, Peel,
and Graham, and the Duke of Norfolk there. I said
I thought it was so odd that the Speaker should
have a Levee l ; and Lord M. not. Lord M. said
Prime Ministers always used to have them, and they
were given up by Mr. Pitt out of laziness ; they used
to be in the morning and Lord M. said there was
a curious account of the Duke of Newcastle's levees
in one of Smollett's novels 2 ; " He used to run in to
it half shaved, with the lather on one side of his
face," said Lord M., " but that was the right thing ;
it's meant to be while you are getting up ; I hold a
levee ; I see people while I'm dressing." I asked him
if that didn't tire him. " No, not at all, and it don't
keep them waiting," he replied. Talked of going to
bed so much earlier formerly ; of my going to sleep
quickly ; of Louis XIV. never being hungry till he
came to dinner, and then after the 2 first spoonfuls
eating quantities ; I said it was quite the contrary
with me, and that when I had had a little, all appe-
tite went. " That's not so well," he said.
1 The Speaker's Levee still remains an institution. The Commander-
in-Chief's Levee died with the office in 1904.
2 " A shaving cloth under his chin, his face frothed up to the eyes
with soap-lather." See letter of J. Mel ford to Sir Watkin Phillips
of Jesus College, Oxon, of June 5, 17 (Humphry Clinker}.
1839] LORD RODEN'S MOTION 131
Monday, ISth March. We were seated much as
usual, Lord Melbourne sitting near me. He said he
had desired Hobhouse to send me the letters from
Lord Auckland about his visit to Runjeet Sing 1 ; that
there were 250 women, all mounted, and all beautiful
girls ; and Runjeet said that was the Regiment that
gave him the most trouble. Talked of Weddings
being affecting ; and he said no one who had ever
gone through it and known its consequences, could
look on it lightly. Talked of the Sovereign's great
power over the marriages of his relations, being great
tyranny in my opinion, but Lord M. said, " No,
quite right, it's much better." Of its being better
in my opinion that they should not be allowed to
marry a subject, as they got so mixed up else.
Talked of this new Assam tea, and Lord M. said they
told him the other day at the Coffee Mill in St.
James's Street that they sold it for 865. a Ib. Talked
of the Opera, and Lord M. said some East India
people had outbid Lady Stanhope by 20, in conse-
quence of which she had lost her box.
Wednesday, 20th March. He said there was to
be a Cabinet this morning about this Motion of Lord
Roden's to-morrow. Lord M. said, " I am rather
for letting them have this Committee for inquiring
into the state of Crime in Ireland," but that Nor-
manby was very much against it, and considered it
an imputation on his Government; "and he may
resign, which would bring on a great crisis." f " His
fault," continued Lord M., " is great personal touchi-
1 See ante, pp. 63 and 64.
* Lord Roden moved for, and obtained, in the House of Lords, the
appointment of a Committee to enquire into the state of Ireland.
The Ministry retaliated by getting a vote in their favour in the Commons
by 318 to 296.
132 METROPOLITAN POLICE I*T.IO
ness, about his dignity." I went and fetched in
the Sketch I bought from that Mr. Smith, done by
Sir Thomas Lawrence when 15, and for which I paid
150 guineas, an immense sum, for the Drawing is
rough and small and evidently done by a child. I
brought it in and put it in Lord M.'s hands, who was
quite astounded at the price and said, " I should
say it wasn't worth 5 guineas." He looked at it
and criticised it for some time, and said, " Why, there
are 100 girls in London who could draw better than
this." Yet he thought parts of it clever.
Asked Lord M. why the City were so very much
against the introduction of the Metropolitan Police. 1
Lord M. said because (though this would be much
better) they have their own Police, which is very
bad, and they consider it an infringement of their
rights. " Rather dangerous to stir," said Lord M. ;
" it shouldn't have been done without some previous
arrangement with them " ; this is John Russell's
doing. We talked of Lytton Bulwer, and the book
she 2 has just published ; Lord M. said she has been
writing since long, in Reviews. " No woman should
touch pen and ink," Lord M. said, and talked
of that ; he said they had too much passion and
too little sense. " Women write letters better than
men do," he continued, " they write with greater
facility and freedom, less formal and stiff." He
quoted Mme. de Sevigne's beautiful letters.
We began by talking of Chess, and of Sydney
Smith's having said the 1st thing he remembered of
the Archbishop of Canterbury was he (the Arch-
1 The Metropolitan Police were instituted in 1829. Their organiza-
tion, was improved and their sphere of action extended in this year 1839.
2 Lady Bulwer had just published Cheveley, or the Man of Honour,
an attack on her husband. See post, p. 145.
1839] EPISCOPAL PALACES 133
bishop) throwing him down at Winchester School
for being beat by him at Chess. Talked of Sydney
Smith's age ; and I asked the Bishop of London
how old the Archbishop of Canterbury was ; 73, he
said, just 20 years older than he was ; Lord M. was
quite surprised and could hardly believe it ; Lord
M. said he knew him 43 years ago at the Priory. 1
Talked of Lambeth, its beauty ; of the Palace at
Chester being so bad ; and Lord M. said the Bishop
of Hereford told him the Palace at Hereford was
built in 1150 ! The Bishop of London said Fulham
had been the Residence of the Bishops of London
for 1,200 years ; for that the land had been granted
in 639 ! ! " Talked to Lord M. of the Dean of Chester's
being a year younger than Lord M., by which Lord
M. said the Dean must have been at Cambridge at
the same time that he was ; Lord M. was at Trinity,
and the Dean at Christ's ; the Bishop of London
said he took his degree in 1808 ; and Lord M. in
1798 ; " and then I pottered a good deal " (meaning
that as a Nobleman he might have taken it sooner).
4 They were very useless years to me," said Lord M.,
44 but that was not their fault ; the time when I was
at College," he said to me, " was the time of my life
when I attended least to study." Lord M. then
went to Glasgow for 2 years ; all his brothers were
at Cambridge, but none of them with him ; talked
of the difference between Cambridge and Oxford,
the former being best for clever people and the other
for people of no talents.
Thursday, 2lst March. At a J to 11 I got the
following communication from Lord Melbourne :
44 Lord Roden made the Motion in a very long and
1 The Archbishop of Canterbury was seventy-three and Lord
Melbourne sixty.
H 10
134 GOVERNMENT DEFEAT [*T.i9
not a very bad speech. Lord Normanby answered
and defended himself extremely well and very ably.
The Duke of Wellington made a short speech, sup-
porting the Motion but denying that he meant any
imputation upon Lord Normanby. The Duke was
rather eager and excited. Lord Charleville is now
speaking. It will be late the Tories are united and
eager and numerous, and we shall be beat."
Friday, 22nd March. Got up at \ p. 9. Very
anxious and nervous. Saw by the papers we were
beat by 5 ; and they had sat till 4 ! I am in a sad
state of suspense ; it is now f p. 12, and I have not
yet heard from Lord Melbourne ; I hear he was still
asleep when my box arrived, and I desired they
shouldn't wake him. Arranged things ; wrote.
Heard from Lord Melbourne : " It is now twelve
o'clock and Lord Melbourne was so tired with the
debate of last night that he has slept until now.
The majority, as your Majesty sees, was very small.
We must have a Cabinet this morning in order to
consider what steps are to be taken. It must be at
Lord Lansdowne's, as he is confined with the gout
and cannot go out. Lord Melbourne will be with
Your Majesty by one if possible." At 5 m. to 2
came my excellent Lord Melbourne and stayed with
me till a \ p. 2. I asked how he was and if he wasn't
very tired. " Not very," he replied, " I was very
tired last night." It was so late. " I don't know
what's to be done, really," he said. " We are going to
have a Meeting at Lansdowne's this morning to con-
sider it ; it's a direct censure upon the Government."
I asked Lord M. who had been appointed on this
Committee of Inquiry into the state of Ireland.
" Oh ! they have appointed it fairly enough ; we
can't complain of unfairness in the appointing of it ;
1839] DECISION OF THE CABINET 135
but it is having the Committee that is the difficulty
to get over," said Lord M. Lord Melbourne told me
he was sure we would be beat last night, and ex-
pected " by a much larger majority." He also said
to me, " I'm afraid you were very uneasy at not
hearing, but I thought 5 o'clock was too late to
send." Received at a J to 5 the following com-
munication from Lord Melbourne : " that the Cabinet
have decided 1st, that it is impossible to acquiesce
in the Vote of last night in the House of Lords ;
2ndly, that it would not be justifiable to resign in
the face of the declaration which I made in the year
1836, in the House of Lords, that I would maintain
my post as long as I possessed the confidence of the
Crown and of the House of Commons, particularly
as there is no reason to suppose that we have lost
the confidence of that House. 3rdly, that the course
to be pursued is to give notice in the House of Com-
mons to-night, that the sense of that House will be
taken immediately after the Easter Holidays upon
a Vote of approbation of the principles of Lord
Normanby's Government of Ireland. If we lose that
question or carry it by a small majority, we must
resign. If we carry it, we may go on. This is a
plain statement of the case, and this course will at
least give Your Majesty time to consider what is to
be done." I forbear making any observations upon
this until I have talked fully to Lord Melbourne upon
it, with the exception of one, which is that as for
" the confidence of the Crown," God knows ! no
Minister, no friend EVER possessed it so entirely as
this truly excellent Lord Melbourne possesses mine ! l
1 NOTE BY QUEEN VICTORIA, 1st October, 1842. Reading this
again, I cannot forbear remarking what an artificial sort of happiness
mine was then, and what a blessing it is I have now in my beloved
136 INDIFFERENCE TO ABUSE [* T .i9
Lord M. didn't hear Lord Carew, 1 as he went
out of the House for a moment when he was
speaking ; I said I heard he didn't speak well ;
" He speaks with that Wexford shriek," said Lord
M. He said to Lady Normanby, " Normanby is
too thin-skinned, too susceptible ; and that's his
fault ; he shouldn't mind being abused ; nobody
should mind that. Brougham said to Duncannon,
* Tell that foolish friend of yours, Normanby, not to
mind being abused, for he is paid to bear it.' " Talked
of Brougham being a bad man with no heart ; Lord
M. said, <c No, he has a heart ; he has feeling, I should
say he was too susceptible and acted from sudden
impulses." Talked of contradicting abuse in the
papers, and Lord M. said, there might one day
come something one couldn't well contradict, and
therefore it was better not to contradict at all.
We were seated much as usual, my truly valuable
and excellent Lord Melbourne being seated near
me. I said to Lord M. that I was sure I never
could bear up against difficulties ; Lord M. turned
round close to me, and said very earnestly and
affectionately, " Oh ! you will ; you must ; it's in
the lot of your Station, you must prepare yourself
for it." I said I never could, and he continued,
" Oh ! you will ; you always behaved very well." I
said to Lord M. I was sure he hadn't a doubt we
Husband real and solid happiness, which no Politics, no worldly
reverses can change ; it could not have lasted long, as it was then,
for after all, kind and excellent as Lord M. is, and kind as he was to
[me], it was but in Society that I had amusement, and I was only
living on that superficial resource, which I then fancied was happiness !
Thank God ! for me and others, this is changed, and I know what REAL
happiness is. V. R.
1 Robert Shapland, first Lord Carew (1787-1856), sometime Lord
Lieutenant of the County of Wexford.
1839] DISCUSSING THE SITUATION 137
should carry it. 1 " Upon my word I don't know," he
said ; " but it was absolutely necessary to bring it to
this, to see if our friends would really support us, for
they have been running riot so much lately." I said
that the Majority being so small in the House of
Lords, we were sure of being supported in the House
of Commons. " I think if they are brought up to
the Post they will," he replied. I felt sure, I said, the
Tories couldn't stand a moment ; Lord M. wasn't so
sure of that, as he says, " they've been gaining ever
since the Reform Bill," and that a Government always
gathered some odium as it went on. He, however,
said that John Russell's announcement had been
very well received. I said I felt so helpless ; " I
don't see what any Sovereign can do, old or young,
male or female," he said, " but to put themselves
into the hands of the person " that they have chosen
as Minister ; talking of the whole thing, Lord M.
said, " We'll do everything we can to avert it ; I
never thought we should have carried you on as far
as we have done." I said, though I liked all the
others, yet he was the person I really cared for ;
he smiled and said, " But that can't be helped."
Talked of other things ; my regretting I should lose
him on Sunday, and begged him to let me have one
other day in the next week to make up for it, which
he promised. He thought I looked well, though
pale ; he wasn't sure if he was going to Lady Stan-
hope's or home. I urged the latter. Stayed up till
25 m. to 12. ...
Monday, 25th March. I told Lord M. Sir Herbert
Taylor was dying ; and Lord M. said he hoped he
would take care of his Papers, which he thinks he
will leave to his brother Sir Brook Taylor. . . *
1 The vote of confidence to be moved in the House of Commons.
n 10*
188 FRENCH POLICY AND ENGLAND t^.io
Wednesday, 27th March. Lord Melbourne was
rather silent during dinner ; but I never saw him so
much so as he was after dinner, so completely
absorbed, so totally disinclined to enter into any
conversation whatever, and merely just answering
a question in as short a manner as possible, and then
relapsing into the same silence ; yet he did not look
nor was he ill ; I was quite grieved and distressed to
see him so ; I fear he has got something to annoy
him by what I hear, and that I conclude produced
this effect. . . . Lord Melbourne said he felt better
when he came up to me after dinner, but sleepy.
We were seated much as usual ; Lord Melbourne
sitting near me. He called Islay " a dull dog,"
which really makes me quite angry, for Islay is such
a darling, and lay so affectionately near me. Lord
Melbourne said, Lord Clarendon thought Spain in a
better state than France ; Thiers told him that he
had said they meant to throw themselves entirely
into the hands of England and follow England's
footsteps ; upon which Dupin 1 said, c< I'm not pre-
pared for that ; I'm very much for a cordial alliance
with England, but I'm not prepared to follow in the
wake of England ; France has a politique a elle."
Friday, 29th March. Talked of the water in the
garden here being in very good order ; of the garden,
in which Lord M. has never been. " I would cut
down all the trees," he said, " and plant rare trees."
Elms he would cut down, and " some nasty oaks,
which I wish cut down every time I drive down
Constitution Hill," he said. We said there would be
no shade. "Shade? What's the use of shade in
this country ? " he said in his funniest way. I
said there were some very hot days in England.
1 The new President of the Chamber of Deputies.
1839] THE BEAUVALE PEERAGE 139
" Then you stay at home," he replied. We talked
of Maundy Thursday and what it could mean and be
derived from. 1 Lord M. said, " Can't tell." Talked
of that. At dinner I made Lord M. smile by saying
I thought the poor people who got coins on that
day, must feel the difference between the late Reign
and this ; for they always got as many coins as the
Sovereign is old ; in the late Reign they got 70,
and now only 19.
Sunday, 3\st March. I showed Lord M. in a
Peerage I've got, an account of his (Ld. M.'s) Family,
which he said was " correct enough." " Oh, Ma'am,"
he said, after looking at it for some time, " we think
it would be right to mark these Treaties by making
Lord Ponsonby a Viscount and my brother a Peer."
I was much pleased at this, particularly at the last,
and I asked Lord M. what title his brother would
take. " He thinks of calling himself Lord Beau-
vale," said Lord M., " which is a place I have
in Nottinghamshire ; I only mention it to Your
Majesty, you'll not speak of it." He then put down
the Peerage and said, " It's all correct but that "
(making Lady Anne Wombwell his Aunt instead of
his Cousin). Talked of Mr. Vizard, Lord Normanby's
attorney. " He is my attorney," said Lord M.
Lady Normanby said he was a hard man. " I
quite agree with you," said Lord M., " he's a very
hard man ; I never saw an attorney in my life
that I didn't hate." A Solicitor he thought better. 1
Talked of making people April Fools, which some
1 Apparently from mandatum. The antiphon for the day before
Good Friday (the day of institution of washing the feet of the poor)
began " Mandatum novum" ("A new commandment give I," etc.).
1 The distinction is now obsolete. An attorney practised in the
Courts of Common Law, a solicitor in Equity.
140 OPERA SINGERS C^T.IQ
people said could only be till 12 o'clock mid-day.
" I didn't know that it was bounded and limited,"
said Lord M. " It's a practice which I very much
disapprove of," he said. " I've seen it have such
serious consequences and produce such dreadful
enmities ; people are always taken in, and it makes
people make fools of themselves, which people
hardly ever forgive." We talked of Nourrit, 1 the
French Singer, who Lord M. had never heard of,
having killed himself on account of his feeling the
ingratitude of the Parisians who neglected him for
Duprez. 8 " That's the lot of every one," said Lord
M., no Actor should kill himself for that. Lord M.
said that Carlini, a famous Clown at Paris, went to
a Physician and complained of being so ill, upon
which the Physician said, " Go and see Carlini."
This is the original story, which I have heard told
of Garrick and Liston. Lord M. said Banti ' was the
first famous Italian Singer he remembers ; and he
said Mrs. Billington, 4 who had been a very good
English singer, went to Italy and when she came
back, Lord M. said, quite crushed Banti, though she
wasn't to be compared to her. Banti used to say of
her, Lord M. said, " C'est tres bien, mais elle n'a pas
la dolcessa di Banti." Lord M. continued, " Gras-
sini 5 is Grisi's aunt ; she was the best Italian actress
1 Louis Nourrit, French musician and composer.
2 Gilbert Louis Duprez, a much younger singer than Nourrit.
3 Georgina Brigida Banti (1757-1806).
4 Elizabeth Billington (1768-1818) had already had a brilliant
career when, at the age of twenty-six, in consequence of some scandalous
rumours, she left England, visited Italy, and sang at Naples, Milan,
and elsewhere. During her stay abroad her husband died, and she
was accused of murdering him. On her return she had an immense
success, making 10,000 to 15,000 in the year 1801. She appeared
with Banti on the occasion of the latter's farewell concert.
6 Napoleon, at Milan, had been captivated by Grassini's voice and
..-
MADAME VESTRIS.
From a sketch by the Queen before her accession.
1839] CONCERNING PRONUNCIATION 141
ever seen on the stage; her voice hadn't much
compass." I asked Lord M. if she was handsome.
" / thought the prettiest woman I had ever seen."
She had long given up singing, but Lord M. said he
dined with her at Paris in '25. Lady Normanby said
she saw her in '15 act with Vestris. 1 We talked of
Mrs. Siddons, my having seen her at Cobham Hall ;
of her being very pompous ; of John Kemble also
very pompous. Of Bulwer's new play of Richelieu ;
of the way of pronouncing Richelieu ; Lord M.
thinks it better to pronounce the French and other
names as they ought to be pronounced ; but he says
some people wouldn't do so ; that Mr. Fox, who
could speak French very well, used always to say
Touloon instead of Toulon ; Bordeaux, pronouncing
the x at the end ; Fontblanky instead of Fontblanque.
Talked of duelling for some time, and Lord M. said,
" I should be very sorry to shoot at a man, for I
should feel very confident I should kill him." Talked
of the Duels abroad being so very fatal, and not so
her ; of fighting with swords, which Lord Gardner 2
thinks better. Lord M. went on talking again about
what horses could do ; and he said, " Brotherton
used to say to me, ' They always treat the Cavalry
as if it was made of china.' "...
beauty, and she used to be a guest at Malmaison. Reluctant to
cause excessive jealousy to Josephine, the Emperor only paid the
cantatrice surreptitious visits ; this did not accord with her ambitious
temperament, and, becoming enamoured of the celebrated violinist,
Rode, she ultimately fled with him from Paris.
1 As to Madame Vestris, see Vol. L, p. 148.
2 Alan Legge, third Lord Gardner (1810-83).
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER XIV
IN May 1839 the Government of Lord Melbourne was practically
defeated in the House of Commons upon the Jamaica Bill. The
event so feared by the Queen had at last happened. The Ministry
resigned, and the Queen sent for the Duke of Wellington. He at
once advised her to place the duty of forming an Administration
in the hands of Sir Robert Peel. Her first interview with the
statesman to whom in after-years she became much attached was
harassing to both. Although Peel had been warned of the im-
portance of the " first impression on so young a girl's mind," he
was unable to put aside that stiffness of manner and reserve which
were habitual to him.
Lord Melbourne had, two years before, recommended to the
Queen, as members of her Household, Ladies all of whom were
connected with the Whig Party. It was a very natural error,
but, as events proved, a grave mistake. The Queen resented Sir
Robert Peel's proper and reasonable demand that some of these
Ladies should be replaced by others representing the party of
which he was the chief. There is no more human episode in the
history of the Queen's reign than what was called, in the slang
of the day, the Bedchamber Plot. An anxious, austere, and not
undictatorial Minister desired to remove from intimate association
with his Sovereign, Ladies hostile to him and his party. A young
girl, of imperious will and passionate temperament, determined
to keep about her person the friends to whom she was accustomed,
and refused to adopt " a course which she conceives to be contrary
to usage and which is repugnant to her feelings."
Imagine the irony of the situation. The Queen a mere child,
and these grave statesmen accepting her verdict, and telling her
that unless there was " some demonstration of her confidence,
they could not undertake to govern the country." These were
the very words of a man, proud and cold, to a young girl not
twenty years old. The Queen remained firm. She refused to
part with her Whig ladies, and she parted, for a while, with Sir
Robert Peel. The Whig Government returned to office, and for
two years longer remained the Counsellors of the Sovereign. In
later years the Queen, reviewing the events of 1839, said to one of
her private secretaries, after eulogising Sir Robert Peel, " I was
very young then, and perhaps I should act differently if it was all
to be done again." Thus, by an afterthought, based on mature
experience, did the Queen vindicate the Whig doctrine which has
become an axiom of constitutional practice, that the Sovereign
should accept and act solely upon the advice of Ministers, and in
accordance with the views of the people as represented in Parlia-
ment.
142
CHAPTER XIV
1839
Thursday, 4<th April. I asked of Sir Herbert Taylor,
who Lord M. thinks was a very good-looking man ;
of Princess Augusta having told me that there was
a coolness between George IV. and Taylor because
Taylor refused to tell the Prince of Wales anything
about George III. ; Lord M. said he thought it very
likely ; that " Taylor was a very honourable man ;
but I don't think he was a very clever man." . . .
Saturday, 6th April. Talked of the news from
France not being very comfortable l ; Lord M. said
the opening of the Chambers didn't seem at all plea-
sant ; " they seemed rather to dread disturbance."
I asked Lord M. did he think the King might have
managed it better ; he replied, " Oh ! yes, he might
have managed it better ; if he had yielded at once
to the Majority of the Chambers and done that with
good grace." I said Louis Philippe couldn't bear
Thiers. " I believe that's at the bottom of it all,"
said Lord M., but that he thought he couldn't fight
against him. We talked of Pozzo's being so passe ;
his saying he preserved the peace of Europe by
1 The French elections had taken place on 4th March, and the
Mol6 Ministry were left in a minority. The King sent successively for
Soult, Thiers, and De Broglie without success, and on the eve of the
meeting of the Chambers was without a ministry. Accordingly on
3rd April a provisional Cabinet was formed, and M. Passy was elected
President of the Chamber of Deputies.
143
144 QUESTIONS OF LITERATURE tex.ig
making the foreign Ambassadors remain at Paris
when Charles X. fled ; Lord M. said this was true ;
I said Pozzo told me this some years ago at Ken-
sington, and Lord Holland said he would tell him
I recollected it, and that it would please him very
much. Talked of Sebastiani being slow and pom-
pous, but Lord M. said clever and clear; of Senfft;
of Billow ; of the Belgian business ; of Alava, his
open manner. " That very open honest manner is
never to be trusted," said Lord M. Asked Lord
M, if he liked my dress, a cherry-coloured silk
with a magnificent old lace flounce. " It's very
pretty," he said, " I like those bright colours ; it's
very handsome." The dress I had on the day be-
fore, a striped one, he didn't think ugly, but said it
was like the pattern of a sofa.
Sunday, 7th April. Lord M. was talking of some
dish or other, and alluded to something in Oliver
Twist ; he read half of the 1st vol. at Panshanger.
" It's all among Workhouses, and Coffin Makers, and
Pickpockets," he said ; " I don't like that low
debasing style ; it's all slang ; it's just like The
Beggar's Opera ; I shouldn't think it would tend to
raise morals ; I don't like that low debasing view of
mankind." We defended Oliver very much, but in
vain. " I don't like those things ; I wish to avoid
them ; I don't like them in reality, and therefore I
don't wish to see them represented," he continued ;
that everything one read should be pure and
elevating. Schiller and Goethe would have been
shocked at such things, he said. Lehzen said they
would not have disliked reading them. " She don't
know her own literature," said Lord M., for that
Goethe said one ought never to see anything dis-
agreeable ; he wouldn't look upon the dead ; " and
1839] PRAISE OF SHOWING RESPECT 145
that's just the same thing." " It's a bad taste," he
continued, " which will pass away like any other,
but depend upon it, while it lasts it's a bad, depraved,
vicious taste ; now just read Jonathan Wild," he
said to Lord Torrington, " and Amelia, and see if it
isn't just the same thing." He kept us in fits of
laughter by all this, as also in talking of Lady
Bulwer's book, 1 he said, " I daresay she was a scrib-
bling woman 2 all her life."
Asked Lord M. if he approved of children calling
their Parents by their names ; he did not, but said
all the Greys called Lord and Lady Grey, Charles
and Mary 3 ; k< I don't like it," he * said, "it's un-
natural." " I like respect." He likes Sir, to a
father ; " I'm for forms ; there's no harm in too
much respect ; there's no danger of there being too
much of that now." He told an anecdote of
Napoleon ; when he came on board one of our ships
" he saw the Lieut, take off his cap to the Captain,
and he (Napoleon) said, 'That's right; I always
told my people to do so, and they never would, and
depend upon it that's one of the reasons why they'll
1 In 1836 Mr. and Mrs. Bulwer were legally separated. In 1839
she published Cheveley, or the Man of Honour, an attack on her husband.
On Bulwer seeking re-election at Hertford in June 1858, upon his
appointment as Colonial Secretary, his wife appeared on the hustings
and denounced him to the crowd. After her death in 1882, a book
containing letters to her from her husband was published without
authority and was very properly suppressed. See ante, p. 132.
* This phrase was much in vogue in the early years of the last
century. Even as late as 1867, when it was thought the retirement
of Lord Derby was imminent and Mr. Disraeli would succeed as leader
of the Tory Party, this eminent statesman, who happened to be also
the author of Coningsby, etc., was stigmatized as a " scribbler " by
certain distinguished members of his Party who were opposed to his
leadership.
* It was the practice at that time in certain families, and is so to
this day. See post, p. 196.
146 INDIA AND AFGHANISTAN [n.ie
never be a Navy.' " Lord M. told this with much
emphasis and earnestness. " There must be a little
of that, depend upon it, in society," continued Lord
M., " it's quite a mistake to think there's anything
humiliating in that." We were seated much as
usual ; Lord Melbourne sitting near me. He said,
" You should see those Indian papers, to see what
Auckland's about. 1 He then talked of the immensity
of the undertaking, and I wish I could repeat all he
said about it ; he said it was an immense move,
and there was going to be a great war ; in fact,
he said, it is a struggle between Russia and England,
which is to have possession in the East. We depend
upon Runjeet Singh, who has always been our
friend, and who he says we have no reason to doubt ;
but he is very old ; " he has an army of 70,000 dis-
ciplined troops," Lord M. said ; " he is a Hindoo
and not a Mahomedan, and won't allow any cows
to be killed ; " Lord M. said he stipulated in all the
1 In 1837 Captain Alexander Burnes went as British agent to
Kabul to arrange a commerical treaty with the Amir, Dost Mohammed.
The sudden threat of a Persian attack on Herat, led by the Shah,
and favoured by Russia, however, entirely altered the aspect of our
relations with Afghanistan. Burnes was for confirming our friendly
relations with Dost Mohammed, but the Amir's brother, Kokun Dil
Khan, ruler of Kandahar, opposed this scheme and advocated friend-
ship with Russia and Persia. See ante, p. 63, and Vol. I., p. 89.
Meanwhile, without consulting Burnes, Lord Auckland, instigated
by Macnaghten, arranged a treaty with Ranjit Singh, who had seized
Kashmir from the Afghans in 1834, whereby it was agreed that by
the joint action of British and Sikh troops, Dost Mohammed, the
strong usurper, should be deposed, and Shah Sooja, the legitimate
but weak claimant of the throne, should be put in his place.
The failure of the Siege of Herat, owing to the skill and bravery
of a young English officer, Eldred Pottinger, rendered our inter-
ference unnecessary; but Lord Auckland, none the less, carried out
his unfortunate policy, which led to the first Afghan War and, in
1841, to the murder of^both Burnes and Macnaghten at Kabul.
18393 ENGLAND OR RUSSIA IN ASIA? 147
Treaties " against the killing of Kine," and that it
was impossible to make him alter his mind, and no
persuasions of its not being our custom could make
him give way. " One can understand the origin of
it," said Lord M., " the Cow being the mother of the
Calf and giving milk ; I have no doubt that's the
origin, and with the Egyptians the same." I spoke to
Lord M. of the Grand Duke's coming. " You must be
very civil," said Lord M. earnestly ; that the Em-
peror made so much of the opinion of England and
of personal opinion.
Lord M. then talked again of these Indian papers,
which he said I couldn't read through. " It's an
immense move," said Lord M. " There'll be an im-
mense crisis ; it's coming to a crash in Central Asia ;
I dare say it'll be staved off for the present," but
must come to something hereafter, to be decided
whether England or Russia should reign there ; both
pushing from different sides. Lord M. talked of
those pictures of Beechey. Talked of fair and dark
hair ; I preferred so greatly the latter. " I know
it's more specious-looking to the young, but not
to those who have had experience." This made
me laugh. Talked of black hair becoming sooner
grey ; I had said fair did, to which Lord M. said,
'That's a bold proposition." Talked of Queen
Charlotte, whom Lord M. saw first when he was
at Eton; he said she was good-natured. Lord M.
said Taylor told him that in the administration of
1806, under Lord Grenville, Queen Charlotte once
asked two of the Opposition in to tea ; and the
King was exceedingly angry, and sent Taylor to her
" saying he hoped such a thing should never happen
again." 1 Lord M. said the Queen (Adelaide) was
1 It was contrary to the practice of the Sovereign at that time to
148 EDUCATION AND MORALITY [JET.W
civil to him (Ld. M.). " When I was Secretary of
State I used never to go near her, but used to
talk to the Maids of Honour ; she complained of
that, but it was much better ; so I used to go
and talk with the girls." Lord M. said the King
(William IV.) was always very civil to him. " It
was a bitter dose for him to swallow in '35, to have
to take us again," said Lord M. He couldn't bear
Lord John. " He called him * that young man,' "
continued Lord M., " 'as for that young man, I don't
understand what he means.' " We then had a great
deal of fun with Miss Murray, about Education, and
I only wish I could repeat all Lord M. said. "You
had better try to do no good," he said, " and then
you'll get into no scrapes." " All that intermeddling
produces crime," he said. But we said if people
didn't know what was wrong, they couldn't help
committing crime. " I don't believe there's anybody
who doesn't know what is wrong and right," he said.
He doubts education will ever do any good ; says,
all Government has to do " is to prevent and punish
crime, and to preserve contracts." He is FOR labour
and does not think the factory children are too much
worked ; and thinks it very wrong that parents
should not be allowed to send their children who are
under a certain age, to work. He said to Miss
Murray, " If you'd only have the goodness to leave
them alone," which made us laugh ; we asked did
he derive no benefit from education ? "I derived
no morality from it," he replied funnily ; " that I
derived at an earlier date."
Monday, Sth April. He said there were no news
receive members of the Opposition. George III. never spoke to any
leading members of the Party opposed to his Government. This
practice was first departed from after the illness of the King in 1810.
1830] THE VOTE OF CONFIDENCE 149
from France. Lord M. said, " Palmerston lays it all
to the King " ; but we think this can hardly be so.
Palmerston dislikes Louis Philippe, Lord M. says, on
account of his conduct about Spain. Lord M. says
Lord Clarendon thinks Louis Philippe wishes Spain
to be divided and never to flourish. " It would be
a wicked policy," continued Lord M., "and I should
think a foolish one." Talked of Portugal being in
an uncomfortable state. "I don't think the King
thinks Louis Philippe is acting well, by his saying
so little about it," said Lord M.
Tuesday, 9th April. I observed, the Radicals
couldn't gain by turning out the present Ministry,
as they couldn't stand themselves. " No, they
couldn't stand alone ; but they like a general shuffle,
as they think they may gain by it," he replied. I
observed I thought the Tories couldn't stand. " I
don't know," said Lord M., "they are a very power-
ful party." I said Palmerston told me they weren't
at all prepared for Office now, and very much
divided ; " I know he thinks so," said Lord M., " but
I think they are less divided." I told Lord M. I
heard some people said they meant to make it 1 a
general vote of Confidence, which I doubted. " It
entirely depends upon what his followers may com-
pel him to do," said Lord M. I asked what Lord
John thought about it. " He thinks we shall carry
it, and Stanley thinks we shall carry it," said Lord
M. So, I said, everybody did but Lord M. Lord M.
smiled, and said, " Oh ! no, only I can't tell at all."
1 In answer to the majority of five in the Lords against Ministers,
Lord John Russell moved a vote of approval of their recent policy
in Ireland. Sir R. Peel proposed an amendment deprecating any
interference with the Peers' prerogatives. Amendment after four
nights' debate negatived by 318 to 296.
H 11
150 PEEL AND STANLEY [.i9
Wednesday, 10th April. Talked of the Dance at
the Duchess of Gloucester's the night before ; of
Augusta, 1 who I said was to go out everywhere, like
any other girl ; Lord M. said that it was the first
time a Princess of England did such a thing. " I
don't think the King (George III.) would have liked
that," said Lord M. " If she goes out like any other
girl, she runs the risk like other girls of forming
attachments," which is very true and very awkward.
" She may take a liking to somebody whom she
couldn't marry," he added. Talked of Stanley's
having refused to take office under Peel, of their being
better friends now. " I think Peel is the best of
them," said Lord M., but that he didn't know him
well, though he had been in office with him in '28,
under the Duke of Wellington, for a short time when
Lord M. was in Ireland. Talked of Peel's not being
much liked 2 ; Lord M. said, " A very bad manner,
a very disagreeable abord" He don't think he
means to be cross, and says, "that's all gaucherie."
" Stanley everybody knows," said Lord M., " to be
a man of great abilities, but of much indiscretion;
and he is extremely unpopular " ; "he says things
out of place, and that you would feel he shouldn't
say ; he says just what he should not say." Talked
of the Tories being divided between themselves ; I
1 Princess Augusta, daughter of the Duke of Cambridge. She married
Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. The Grand
Duchess is still in enjoyment of excellent health (1912). Her memory
is a storehouse of knowledge and of intimate details of the early
Victorian Court. She is an excellent correspondent, writing fluently
and well, in a singularly clear and firm hand.
2 It is well known that the Queen and the Prince became devoted
to Sir R. Peel. When he died the Queen wrote : " Poor dear Peel is to
be buried to-day. The sorrow and grief at his death are most touch-
ing, and the country mourns over him as over a Father. Every one
seems to have lost a personal friend."
1839] KING LEOPOLD'S TROUBLES 151
said Lord John felt almost certain of a Majority of
20, but I said to Lord M. wouldn't he be satisfied
with less? "Oh! yes," he replied; "15 or 16 or
10 ; / think myself it would be very foolish resign-
ing upon any majority." I said they really shouldn't
make it too difficult. " I won't," said Lord M. ;
" if I can keep them up to it." He then said I
should not forget the Seymours. 1 " She's about as
handsome a woman as you can see." The beauty
comes from the paternal Grandmother, a Miss
Linley, who Lord M. remembers dined at Brocket
in '92 when she was already dying of the consump-
tion, which she died of in '95. Brinsley himself had
" fine eyes." His 2nd wife was an Ogle, Lady
Dacre's cousin, a clever, dark, and when young, he
said, pretty woman; he knew her well.
Sunday, 14>th April. Told Lord M. (what I had
already told him at dinner) that my Uncle had
written me a cross letter. 2 I said I was very angry but
didn't know if I ought to answer him sharply. Lord
M. leant close towards me and said in his kindest
manner, " You mustn't get into any controversy ;
you must waive it, and speak of something else ;
some allowance must be made for him ; I mean you
mustn't be angry with him." That he might be
anxious for the fate of his family, for Belgium was a
new State, her position not settled. " The King has
a great many enemies in Europe ; that enmity of
the Emperor of Russia is no slight thing ; it would
1 See note, Vol. I., p. 192, on the Sheridan sisters.
2 King Leopold was at this time annoyed with the British Govern-
ment. " You know from experience," he wrote to the Queen, " that
I never ask anything of you. I prefer remaining in the position of
having rendered services without wanting any return for it but your
affection." Letters of Queen Victoria, vol. i., p. 170.
152 GOLD PLATE [*r.i9
be a most unequal strife " ; all which is most true,
and was said so kindly.
Talked of different-coloured damasks, of light
blue, and Lord M. said, "I don't like blue, it's
an unlucky colour ; I don't like a blue gown."
Talked of some upholsterers ; and Lord M. said,
" No English tradesman has any taste " ; that when
he was Secretary of State (every Secretary of State, 1
he said, used to have a sum to buy plate with, which
is done away with now ; he was the last who had
any) he went to Garrards to choose some plate,
and he said, with the exception of what he bought,
everything was shocking ; " I said to them, 6 Good
God ! they are infamous ! ' so clumping." I asked,
had he seen any foreign things which were better ? 2
He said, " No, I'm only saying what is bad, not
praising any other ; I have them in my head." We
asked, could he give us any designs ; that, he said,
he could not, " But I've the principles in me," which
made us laugh. Some of my plate he admires.
Monday, \5th April. Talked of some people, and
Lord Melbourne said, " An Italian and an English
makes the finest animal in the world ; it's the mix-
ture of nations that makes the finest specimens of
the human race." Talked of Wilhelmine, 3 her being
long-faced ; he said, a Norman face ; Lady Tavis-
1 Secretaries of State and Ambassadors, as well as the Lord Lieu-
tenants of Ireland, were allowed services of gold plate, with the Royal
Arms engraved. This plate was the perquisite of the holder of the
office.
2 The plate by Rundell and Bridge made during the reign of
George IV. was, some of it, of fine workmanship. At this period,
however, taste deteriorated, and some of the simple plate of the
Queen Anne period was " embossed " to suit the rather vulgar taste
of the day.
3 Lady Wilhelmina Stanhope. See Vol. I., p. 188.
154 VICTORY FOR THE GOVERNMENT [*n.i9
come with his elder brother in the autumn. Lord
M. thinks his not being the heir, a good thing ; he
said, he was surprised there was not more anxiety,
considering the King of Hanover was the heir. " I
think it would be wished for ; still I don't think a
foreigner would be popular," said Lord M. I ob-
served that marrying a subject was making yourself
so much their equal, and brought you so in contact
with the whole family. Lord M. quite agreed in
this and said, " I don't think it would be liked ;
there would be such jealousy." I said, why need I
marry at all for 3 or 4 years ? did he see the neces-
sity ? I said I dreaded the thought of marrying ;
that I was so accustomed to have my own way, that
I thought it was 10 to 1 that I shouldn't agree with
any body. Lord M. said, " Oh ! but you would
have it still " (my own way). : : .
Saturday, 20th April. Received at a J to 8 a
box from Lord Melbourne containing a note from
William Cowper, dated a J p. 4 from the House of
C., saying we 1 had a majority of 22 on Sir Robert
Peel's amendment, 8 and of 218 on Mr. Buncombe's.
This was indeed delightful and I feel that I can
breathe again. Thank God !
Sunday, 2lst April. Talked of a very angry
letter Uncle Leopold had written to Palmerston and
which I saw, and which made Lord M. laugh ; Uncle
says, as this success of the Conference, in dishonour-
ing Belgium, is mainly owing to England, he hopes
they will rejoice in their success ; Lord M. thought
1 The Queen identified herself with her Ministers in these early
years, and was in a childlike manner a strong political partisan. It
must always be borne in mind that she was not twenty, and a girl.
When Peel finally came into power, he received equally strong support
from his Sovereign.
* See ante, p. 149.
of
<Jj-
a, fwt^trcwt Jn/ J) / icfi^nj>an/ aftes^ ^
1839] THE QUEEN OF SPAIN 155
the first part of the letter kind ; he saw the Belgians
going down to sign the Treaty, and he thought they
looked cross and sulky. Lord M. said some allowance
must be made, and " if people are made to do what
they dislike, you must allow for a little ill-humour."
Talked of Jane Seymour, who Lord M. thinks a
bad person, as she supplanted her Mistress, which I
said Anne Boleyn did too, and which wasn't their
fault. " It's always more the woman's fault than
the man's," said Lord M. . . .
Wednesday, 24<th April. At 4 I rode out with
Daisy, Lord Uxbridge, Lord Headfort, Lord Alfred,
Mr. Byng, Mr. Cowper, and Col. Buckley, and came
home at \ p. 5. I rode Comptroller, who went quite
beautifully, so safe, never shied or dropped. I rode
out through Hyde Park, round Regent's Park and
home by Hyde Park ; it was a very pleasant evening.
I met Lord Anglesey in Hyde Park, and he rode with
me the whole time ; he rides so well, so gracefully, it
is quite wonderful l ; and he rode a beautiful horse.
Thursday, 25th April Talked of Headfort's
blundering ; of the little Queen of Spain, with Lord
Clarendon, who says she doesn't promise well and
is very imperious. " I don't mind about her being
imperious; if she isn't stupid, all that'll be got
over," said Lord M. . . .
Friday, 3rd May. Talked of this Copyright Bill ;
of Serjeant Talfourd, 2 whom Lord M. don't very
much admire ; of Wordsworth, whom Lady Normanby
accused him of never having read. " Never read it
1 He lost his leg at Waterloo. See Vol. I., p. 199.
2 Talfourd, afterwards Sir Thomas, Judge of the Common Pleas,
author of Ion, brought in several Copyright Bills. In 1841 he pro-
posed a sixty-year limit from the author's death. Its rejection was
obtained by Macau lay.
156 ROYAL VISITORS [r.i9
all," he said, " never read all The Excursion ; I've
gone so far as to buy the book," he continued, " I've
bought the book ; it's amazing when you leave a
book on the table how much you know what is in it,
without reading it." " I'm half smothered up with
books and papers," he said, and he repeated his wish
of having a bedroom with 3 libraries out of it ; "I
want a suite."
Saturday, 4>th May. At \ p. 1 I went over to the
Closet, where I received the Grand Duke, 1 who was
introduced by Lord Palmerston and accompanied
by Count Orloff and Count Pozzo di Borgo. I made
the Grand-Duke sit down ; he is tall with a fine
figure, a pleasing open countenance without being
handsome, fine blue eyes, a short nose and a pretty
mouth with a sweet smile. Lord Palmerston then
introduced Prince Henry of Orange, who is a timid
young man, very like his eldest brother Prince
William. 2 I then went out into the Drawing room,
where the Grand Duke presented all his gentlemen.
Lord M. then told me that he had been thinking
about this Bishopric of Peterborough, for the Dean, 3
and that as he had not seen him he should consider
it a little ; that Peterborough was a town very much
divided, in which the Bishop had always gone against
Lord FitzWilliam, and Lord M. fears that the Dean
would not have courage to resist the Chapter, and
would be carried along by Dr. Turton, 4 a very clever
1 The Hereditary Grand Duke of Russia, afterwards the Emperor
Alexander II.
2 Prince William married, in June 1839, Sophia, daughter of
William I., King of Wurtemberg. The Princess of Orange, mother
of the two Princes, was Anna, daughter of the Empress Paul.
3 The Queen's former tutor, Dr. Davys, Dean of Chester.
4 Dr. Turton was successively Dean of Peterborough, Dean of
Westminster, and Bishop of Ely.
1839] THE GRAND DUKE'S SUITE 157
man. I said Lord M. must do as he thought best.
Lehzen handed in a letter at this moment from the
Dean, in which he expressed a wish to have this
Bishopric and that his feelings were not against the
Government ; Lord M. read the letter and wished to
take it with him, but I would not let him do so ;
he said, " I think by this he wishes to have it very
much " ; but Lord M. said he wished to consider it
a little first ; he feels the awkwardness of not doing
something for him, as it ought to be, he said, and is
expected, and at the same time it would be so very
awkward were he to go against us, and Lord M. fears,
though his intentions may be the best, that he would
be carried away by the Bishop of London. The
Grand-Duke led me in and I sat between him and
Prince Henry ; Lord Melbourne sat between Lady
Normanby and Miss Anson. I found the Grand-
Duke exceedingly agreeable, so good-natured, natural
and merry. He is just a year older than I am ;
Prince Henry is very good-natured, and talks English
perfectly ; he is not quite 19. The Grand-Duke's
other gentlemen came after dinner, and I made
them come up to me one by one : M. Tolstoy (a
young man and attache here), Baron Lieven (cousin
to Prince Lieven), M. Patkal (a young man of the
Grand-Duke's age and brought up with him), M.
d'Adlerberg (also brought up with the Grand-Duke,
and his father brought up with the Emperor), Prince
Bariatinsky (a young man, Aide-de-Camp to the
Emperor, who distinguished himself very much in
the war against the Circassians and has a ball in
his body), M. Zourievitch (an Aide-de-Camp of the
Emperor's and who has been with the Grand-Duke
for 14 years), and Prince Dolgorouki (an Aide-
de-Camp of the Emperor's). They are all pleasing
158 THE TUDOR SOVEREIGNS [*r.i9
people and rather easy to get on with. I like the
Grand-Duke extremely ; he is so natural and gay and
so easy to get on with.
Sunday, 5th May. Talked of men being refused,
and Lord M. said, " When I was two-and-twenty, I
do believe if I had been refused I should have died
of it ; it would have killed me ; I was so very vain."
Talked of Orloff, who Lord M. said is " exactly like
Henry VIII." I said I thought Henry VIII. was not
near so good-natured a man as Orloff. " Oh ! he
was a very good-natured man," said Lord M., " just
read what Dr. Lingard says of him when he first
entered life ; oh ! he was a great man," and added
that we owed the Reformation to him. I said his
motives for that were not the best ; but Lord M.
said that didn't signify. Talked of Henry VIII.
Lord M. said, " Those women bothered him so." I
observed he had ill-treated Catherine of Aragon so.
" That was his conscience," said Lord M. funnily ;
"he thought he was living in a state of concubin-
age, not of marriage." Talked of Queen Elizabeth
and Queen Mary. " Queen Elizabeth was quite
Henry VIII.'s daughter," said Lord M., and he
never intended she should reign. Talked of Queen
Mary and her horrid cruelty. "She thought that
was quite right," said Lord M., " and Edward VI.
would have done quite the same on his side ; he
would have killed her ; there are letters which show
that."
Monday, 6th May. He then showed me a letter
from Lord FitzWilliam about this Bishopric of Peter-
borough, in which he is anxious the Bishop of Sodor
and Man should go there ; Lord M. said, " You see
what he wants." I said I did, but that at the same
time I felt the great awkwardness of the Dean's not
1839] GOVERNMENT NEARLY DEFEATED 159
getting it ; and I gave Lord M. the Dean's letter,
which he said he would not show to anyone ;
there was wrong doctrine in it, he said, viz. that
he wished to hold it from the Sovereign and not
from the Minister. I said I feared that as he had
been so much encouraged last year it would em-
bitter him very much were he not to get it now.
" I feel that," said Lord M., and " I feel that they'll
say ' The Queen ought to have done something for
him.' " I said I did not think he would vote against
the Government, as he had refused to join an Address
at Chester last year against the Government ; Lord
M. asked, would he like Sodor and Man, and we
agreed he would not. Talked of my ride ; of my
having met and ridden with the Grand-Duke, and his
being so easily pleased with any horse he was put
on. " Oh ! they're not half as fastidious as these
gentlemen," said Lord M. funnily. " There's more
stuff and nonsense about horses than there is about
anything else."
Twsday, 7th May. I awoke at J p. 8 and
heard from Lord Surrey that we had only had a
majority of 5 ! l This struck to my heart and I
felt dreadfully anxious. Got up ; heard from Lord
John that we had only had a majority of 5 ; 294
against 289 ; and that they must have a Cabinet
to decide what was to be done. I wrote to Lord
Melbourne expressing my anxiety to hear from
him ; my box had scarcely gone before I received
a letter from Lord Melbourne in which he stated
what had taken place, that he had not yet heard
from Lord John, but that he feared they had no other
1 On the Jamaica Bill, ante, p. 108. The division was actually on
the question of Sir R. Peel's motion, " That the Speaker do now leave
the chair," at the end of the Jamaica Constitution debate.
160 LOSING LORD MELBOURNE [T.IO
alternative can / write it l but to resign ; and he
concluded his letter in this beautiful way : " Lord
Melbourne is certain that Your Majesty will not
deem him too presuming if he expresses his fear
that this decision will be both painful and embarrass-
ing to Your Majesty, but Your Majesty will meet
this crisis with that firmness which belongs to your
character, and with that rectitude and sincerity
which will carry Your Majesty through all diffi-
culties. It will also be greatly painful for Lord
Melbourne to quit the service of a Mistress who has
treated him with such unvarying kindness and un-
limited confidence, but in whatever station he may
be placed he will always feel the deepest anxiety
for Your Majesty's interests and happiness and will
do the utmost in his power to promote and secure
them." Lehzen, ever kind and good, supported and
comforted me under this most heavy trial. I heard
again from Lord Melbourne enclosing a note from
Lord John, who concurred in his opinion. At 10 m.
p. 12 came Lord Melbourne and stayed with me till
25 m. to 1. It was some minutes before I could
muster up courage to go in. " You will not forsake
me." I held his hand for a little while, unable to
leave go ; and he gave me such a look of kindness,
pity and affection, and could hardly utter for tears,
" Oh 1 no," in such a touching voice. We then sat
down as usual, and I strove to calm myself. He said,
" I was afraid this would happen." There was a
Warrant appointing an Inquiry into the Duchy of
Cornwall which he begged me to sign ; which I did.
" I'm afraid we can do nothing else," he said (but
resign). I said I feared he was right. " But we
shall see what they say at the Cabinet ; I'll put
1 See ante, p. 154, note upon the partisanship of the Queen.
1839] RESIGNATION DECIDED ON 161
down on paper the course I think you ought to
pursue," which I begged he would. He told me
when he would come after the Cabinet. Wrote my
journal. At 3 came Lord John, who said they had
been discussing the whole in the Cabinet very much,
but that they could come to no other determination
but to resign ; and he then thanked me for my
kindness which quite set me off crying, and I said
it was a terrible thing for me. He seemed much
grieved ; he said he hardly expected it, and that
the Tories had behaved very ill, and made every
exertion to arrive at this end.
At a J p. 3 Lord Melbourne came to me and
stayed with me till J p. 4. He said, " Lord John
has communicated to you the results of the Cabinet,"
which I said he had ; " and I have desired John
Russell to make out the Bishop of Peterborough
directly," l for which I thanked Lord M. very much,
as I said I could not bear to think he should owe
it to the others. "And you'll tell the Baroness to
write to him to tell him so." And he then said
he wished to make either Mr. Cowper or Mr.
Anson this Commissioner at Greenwich. Lord
Melbourne then said, pulling a paper out of his
pocket, " I have written down what I think you
should do." He then read to me what he had
written down for me. 1 The conclusion of the paper
was, " Your Majesty had better express your hope
that none of Your Majesty's Household, except those
who are engaged in Politics, may be removed."
Lord Melbourne said, " I think you might ask him
for that." I quite agreed in this and we enumerated
1 This was the elevation of Dr. Davys to the See of Peterborough.
See ante, p. 156.
2 See the memorandum in The Letters of Queen Victoria, Vol. I.
162 "GOD BLESS YOU, MA'AM" UBT. 19
who those were ; " Unless you wish to get rid of
any," which I said I did not. Talked of my great
dislike to some of these people Sir H. Hardinge
Graham Peel. 1 " I don't know who they'll put
about you," he said. I said it was so hard to
have people forced upon you whom you disliked ;
Lord M. said, " It is very hard, but it can't be
helped." I said I thought Lord John was very low.
" He was melancholy at seeing you melancholy,"
said Lord M. Lord M. asked if I had put off the
Levee, which I wrote to ask him if I might, and I
said I had. The Ball we could reflect about. Lord
M. was going to announce his resignation in the
House of Lords. I said I was not going out, and I
wished Lord M. would come to me. " Yes, Ma'am,
I will," he said ; and then after a pause he added,
" I don't think it would be right " ; he said it would
be observed ; I pressed him and said it would not
be, and if he would come after dinner ; he said it
wouldn't do ; and " I'm going to dine at Lady
Holland's." But I said he must come and see me.
" Oh ! yes," he replied, " only not while these
negotiations are going on." I said, " For I shall
feel quite forsaken," at which he gave me such a look of
grief and feeling, and was much affected. He said,
" God bless you, Ma'am," and kissed my hand. He
said, " I'll come to see you to-morrow morning before
the Duke comes," and we settled at 11. I said I
would appoint the Duke at one, as Lord M. did not
wish to meet him. The whole would be known all
over the town in a short time, he said. He then got
up, and we shook hands again and he kissed my
hand, he said ; " God bless you, Ma'am." I fear I
1 All these " dislikes " evaporated when the Queen ultimately
became acquainted with her Tory Ministers.
1839] INTERVIEW WITH WELLINGTON 163
may have left out much and not placed all rightly ;
but so much has taken place before I have been
able to write this account that I am quite confused.
I was in a dreadful state of grief. I received two
most kind letters from Lord Melbourne, in the 1st
of which he said, "Lord Melbourne felt his attend-
ance upon Your Majesty to be at once the greatest
honour and pleasure of his life, and Your Majesty
may believe that he will most severely and deeply
feel the change." How kind ! He further adds that
" nothing ever gave him more pain " than to have
to tell me he couldn't come to me ; but that it
was absolutely necessary not to give occasion to
any jealousy or suspicion. I wrote once more to
him. Wrote one line to the Duke of Wellington
to request him to come.
Wednesday, 8th May. Talked of the Duke of
W.'s being so deaf ; and Lord M. said, " Mind the
Duke understands what you say." " You must try
and get over your dislike for Peel," he said, " he's a
close, stiff man." l Talked of John Russell's being
so low. " He was very much affected at seeing
you," replied Lord M. '* I met him coming away.
Rice says he's glad." " I think the Chancellor feels
it. Palmerston will feel it, he likes his business so
much." I then (10 m. to 1) went over to the Yellow
Closet where I found the Duke of Wellington, who
was kind ; he remained till 10 m. p. 1. Wrote to
Sir Robert Peel to come immediately who came at
20 m. p. 2 and stayed till 20 m. to 3. I saw him
1 Melbourne had never lost a chance of trying to create good feeling
between the Queen and Sir R. Peel. On one occasion, at a Court
Ball, he noticed that Peel stood proudly aloof, and going up to him
he whispered with great earnestness, " For God's sake go and speak
to the Queen." Peel, however, made no move. An episode char-
acteristic of both men.
164 REPORT OF THE INTERVIEW [*t.ifl
also in the Closet. He was also in full dress. The
best account I can give of these interviews is in the
annexed copy of a letter I wrote to my kind friend
Lord Melbourne. 1
BUCKINGHAM PALACE,
8th May, 1839.
The Queen told Lord Melbourne she would give
him an account of what passed, which she is very
anxious to do. She saw the Duke for about 20
minutes ; the Queen said she supposed he knew why
she sent for him, upon which the Duke said, No, he
had no idea. The Queen then said that she had had
the greatest confidence in her late Ministry, and
had parted with them with the greatest reluctance ;
upon which the Duke observed that he could assure
me no one felt more pain in hearing the announce-
ment of their resignation than he did, and that he
was deeply grieved at it. The Queen then continued,
that as his party had been instrumental in removing
them, she must look to him to form a new Govern-
ment. The Duke answered that he had no power
whatever in the House of Commons, " that if he was
to say black was white 2 they would say it was not,"
and that he advised me to send for Sir Robert Peel,
in whom I could place confidence, and who was a
gentleman and a man of honour and integrity. The
Queen then said she hoped he would at all events
have a place in the new Cabinet. The Duke at first
rather refused, and said he was so deaf, and so old
and unfit for any discussion, that if he were to
consult his own feelings he would rather not do it,
1 This letter has already been printed (Letters of Queen Victoria,
vol. i. 198).
2 Sic: an obvious mistake for "black was black."
1839] WELLINGTON ON MELBOURNE 165
and remain quite aloof ; but that as he was very
anxious to do anything that would tend to the
Queen's comfort, and would do everything and at
all times that could be of use to the Queen, and
therefore if she and her Prime Minister urged his
accepting office, he would. The Queen said she had
more confidence in him than in any of the others of
his party. The Queen then mentioned the subject
of the Household and of those who were not in
Parliament. The Duke did not give any decisive
answer about it, but advised the Queen not to begin
with conditions of this sort, and wait till the matter
was proposed. The Queen then said that she felt
certain he would understand the great friendship
she had for Lord Melbourne, who had been to her
quite a parent, and the Duke said no one felt and
knew that better than he did, and that no one could
still be of greater use to the Queen than Lord Mel-
bourne. The Duke spoke of his personal friendship
for Lord Melbourne, and that he hoped I knew that
he had often done all he could to help your Govern-
ment. The Queen then mentioned her intention to
prove her great fairness to her new Government in
telling them, that they might know there was no
unfair dealing, that I meant to see you often as a
friend, as I owed so much to you. The Duke said he
quite understood it, and knew I would not exercise
this to weaken the Government, and that he would
take my part about it, and felt for me. He was
very kind, and said he called it " a misfortune "
that you had all left me.
The Queen wrote to Peel, who came after 2, em-
barrassed and put out. The Queen repeated what
she had said to the Duke about her former Govern-
ment, and asked Sir Robert to form a new Ministry.
n 12
166 INTERVIEW WITH PEEL [* T .i9
He does not seem sanguine ; says entering the
Government in a minority is very difficult ; he felt
unequal to the task, and far from exulting in what
had happened, as he knew what pain it must give
me ; he quite approved that the Duke should take
office, and saw the importance of it ; meant to offer
him the post of Secretary for Foreign Affairs, and if
he refused, Lord Aberdeen ; Lord Lyndhurst, Chan-
cellor ; hoped to secure Stanley and Graham ; Goul-
burn to be the candidate for the Speaker's chair ; he
expects a severe conflict then, and if he should be
beat must either resign or dissolve Parliament.
Before this the Queen said how much she was against
a dissolution, in which he quite agreed, but of course
wished no conditions should be made ; he felt the
task arduous, and that he would require me to
demonstrate (a certain degree, if any, I can only feel)
confidence in the Government, and that my House-
hold would be one of the marks of that. The Queen
mentioned the same thing about her Household, to
which he at present would give no answer, but said
nothing should be done without my knowledge or
approbation. He repeated his surprise at the course
you had all taken in resigning, which he did not
expect. The Queen talked of her great friendship
for, and gratitude to, Lord Melbourne, and repeated
what she had said to the Duke, in which Peel agreed ;
but he is such a cold odd man she can't make out
what he means. He said he couldn't expect me to
have the confidence in him I had in you (and which
he never can have), as he has not deserved it. My
impression is, he is not happy and sanguine. He
comes to me to-morrow at one to report progress in
his formation of the new Government. The Queen
don't like his manner after oh ! how different, how
APPROVAL AND ADVICE 167
dreadfully so, to that frank, open, natural and most
kind, warm manner of Lord Melbourne. The Duke
I like by far better than Peel. The Queen trusts
Lord Melbourne will excuse this long letter, but she
was so anxious he should know all. The Queen was
very much collected, civil and high, and betrayed
no agitation during these two trying Audiences. But
afterwards again all gave way. She feels Lord
Melbourne will understand it, amongst enemies to
those she most relied on and most esteemed ; but
what is worst of all is the being deprived of seeing
Lord Melbourne as she used to do.
Thursday, 9th May. Wrote to Lord Melbourne ;
got such a kind delightful long letter from him in
answer to my two letters of the day before, approving
of my conduct and giving me the most noble, im-
partial and kind advice as to what I was to do,
begging me not to mind Sir Robert's manner. 1 He
said I should urge strongly to keep those of my people
about me, who were not in Parliament ; he was
well, he said ; had been at this Scotch dinner of
about 40 or 50 members ; O'Connell there, and all
the speeches very satisfactory. I wrote to him
again ; signed ; wrote my journal. Heard from Lord
Melbourne again, about the Members of the Household
who were not in Parliament, in which letter he said
they had never been removed at any time before, 2
1 Peel's manner during his interviews with the Queen was said
to have been peremptory and harsh.
2 Lord Melbourne, in after-years, blamed himself for not having
warned the Queen, and prepared her mind for extensive changes in
her Household. There was no doubt also some misapprehension as
to the extent of Peel's requirement. Sixty years later, in a conver-
sation at Osborne with Sir Arthur Bigge (now Lord Stamfordham),
the Queen said, " I was very young then, and perhaps I should act
168 THE HOUSEHOLD DIFFICULTY [*-r. 19
and that if I said he (Sir R. Peel) pressed me harder
than any Sovereign ever had been pressed before,
he thought Sir Robert couldn't refuse. Wrote my
journal. At a little after 1 I went over to the Yellow
Closet, where I received Sir Robert Peel, who re-
mained till a little before 2. The annexed copy of
a note which I wrote in a great hurry to Lord M.
will show what took place * :
BUCKINGHAM PALACE,
9th May, 1839.
The Queen writes one line to prepare Lord Mel-
bourne for what may happen in a very few hours.
Sir Robert has behaved very ill, he insisted on my
giving up my Ladies, to which I replied that I never
would consent, and I never saw a man so frightened ;
he said he must go to the Duke of Wellington and
consult with him, when both would return and he
said this must suspend all further proceedings, and
he asked if I would be ready to receive a decision,
which I said I would ; he was quite perturbed. I
said, besides many other things, that if he or the
Duke of W. had been at the head of the Govern-
ment when I came to the Throne, perhaps there
might have been a few more Tory Ladies, but that
then if you had come into office you would never
have dreamt of changing them. I was calm but
very decided, and I think you would have been
differently if it was all to be done again." In anticipation of the
change of Government in 1841, after confidential communications be-
tween Mr. Anson and Sir Robert Peel, the Queen waived her right to
appoint great officers of State, and also (if in Parliament) lords-in-
waiting, equerries and grooms-in-waiting. She also announced
that she would mention to the Prime Minister before appointment the
names of ladies of the bedchamber, but not those of the maids of
honour or women of the bedchamber.
1 Already printed (Letters of Queen Victoria, vol. i. p. 204).
1839] THE PROPOSED CABINET 169
pleased to see my composure and great firmness.
Keep yourself in readiness, for you may soon be
wanted.
Saw Lord Howick. At p. 2 I saw the Duke
of Wellington. I remained firm, and he told Sir
Robert that I remained firm. I then saw Sir Robert
Peel, who stopped a few minutes with me ; he said
he must consult those (of which I annex a List) who
he had named ; and he said he would return in 2 or
3 hours with the result, which I said I should await.
First Lord of the Trea-
sury and Chancellor
of the Exchequer Sir Robert Peel, Bart.
Secretary for Foreign
Affairs The Duke of Wellington
Secretary for the Home
Department Sir James Graham
Secretary for the Colonies Lord Stanley
Lord Chancellor Lord Lyndhurst
President of the Board of
Control Lord Ellenborough
Secretary at War Sir Henry Hardinge
Lord Lieut, of Ireland Earl de Grey
Received a letter from Lord M. in answer to my
1st ; and also to my 2nd, greatly astonished. Wrote
to him again and my journal. At 10 m. p. 5 Sir
Robert Peel returned, and said that he had con-
sulted with those who were (to have been) his Col-
leagues, and that they agreed that with the proba-
bility of being beat the first night about the Speaker,
and beginning with a Minority in the House of Com-
mons, that unless there was some (I ask all; the
Officers of State and Lords I gave up) demonstration
H12*
170 THE QUEEN'S CONFIDENCE [r.i9
of my confidence, and if I retained all my Ladies,
" they agreed unanimously they could not go on ! "
I replied I would reflect ; that I felt certain I should
not change my mind, but that I should not do any-
thing in a hurry and would write him my decision
either that evening or the next morning; he said
meanwhile he would suspend all further proceedings.
This was quite wonderful ! The Ladies his only
support ! ! What an admission of weakness ! I
wrote to Lord Melbourne (from whom I received
another note) and begged him to come as soon as
possible. Wrote my journal.
At \ p. 6 came my dear and excellent Lord Mel-
bourne, who stayed with me till 10 m. p. 7. It was
a true and real and unexpected happiness to see him
again after so much anxiety. I began by giving
him a detailed account of the whole Proceeding,
which I shall state here as briefly as I can. I first
related again what took place in the 2 first Inter-
views, and when I said that the Duke said he had
assisted my Government often very much, Lord M.
said, " Well, that's true enough, but the Duke did
all he could about this vote." Well, then, I said,
when Sir Robert Peel came this morning, he began
first about the Ministry ; I consented, though I said
I might have my personal feelings about Lord
Lyndhurst and Lord Aberdeen, 1 but that I would
suppress every personal feeling and would be quite
fair. Lord M. here observed, " You did say that."
I then proceeded that I repeated that I wished to
retain about me those who were not in Parliament ;
and Sir Robert pretended that I had the preceding
day expressed a wish to keep about me those who
were in Parliament ; I mentioned my wish to have
1 The Queen became much attached to Lord Aberdeen. See post, p. 208.
1839] ACCOUNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS 171
Lord Liverpool, to which he readily acceded, saying
he would offer him the place of Lord Steward or of
Lord-in- Waiting ; he then suggested my having
Lord Ashley, which I said I should like, as Treasurer
and Comptroller. Soon after this, Sir Robert said,
" Now about the Ladies," upon which I said I
could not give up any of my Ladies, and never had
imagined such a thing ; he asked if I meant to re-
tain all ; all, I said ; the Mistress of the Robes and
the Ladies of the Bedchamber ? he asked. I replied
all ; for he said they were the Wives of the Opponents
of the Government ; mentioning Lady Normanby
in particular, as one of the late Ministers' wives. I
said that would not interfere, I never talked Politics
with them, and that they were related, many of
them, to Tories ; and I enumerated those of my
Bedchamber Women and Maids of Honour ; upon
which he said he didn't mean all the Bedchamber
Women and all the Maids of Honour, he meant the
Mistress of the Robes and the Ladies of the Bed-
chamber, to which I replied they were of more
consequence than the others, and I could not con-
sent, and that it had never been done before; he
said I was a Queen Regnant, and that made the
difference ; not here, I said, and I maintained my
right. Sir Robert then urged upon public grounds
only, but I said here I could not consent ; he then
begged to be allowed to consult with the Duke upon
such an important matter ; I expressed a wish also
to see the Duke if Sir Robert approved, which he
said he did, and that he would return with the
Duke if I would then be prepared for the decision,
which I said I would. Well, I said, that the Duke
and Sir Robert returned soon, and I first saw the
Duke, who first talked of his being ready to take
172 THE QUEEN STANDS FIRM [aar.w
the post of Secretary for F. Affairs, which I had
pressed Peel to urge upon him (the Duke having
first wished to be in the Cabinet without accepting
office), and the Duke said, " I'm able to do anything "
for I asked him if it would not be too much for
him. Then I told the Duke that I had " been very
well satisfied with Sir Robert yesterday," and asked
the Duke if Sir Robert had told him what had
passed about the Ladies ; he said he had, and I
then repeated all my arguments, and the Duke his,
but the Duke and Sir Robert differed considerably
on 2 points ; the Duke said the opinions of the
Ladies were nothing, but that it was the principle
whether the Minister could remove the Ladies or
not ; and that he had understood it was stated, in
the Civil List Bill, " that the Ladies were instead of
the Lords" which is quite false, and I told the Duke
that there were not 12 Lords, as the expense with
the Ladies would have been too great. Lord M.
said, " There you had the better of him, and what
did he say ? " Not much, I replied. I repeated
many of my arguments, all which pleased Lord M.
and which he agreed to ; amongst others that I
said to the Duke, was Sir Robert so weak that even
the Ladies must be of his opinion ? The Duke
denied that. The Duke then took my decision to
Sir Robert, who was waiting in the next room ; after
a few minutes Sir Robert returned and I have
already related what then took place. I also told
Lord M. that I said to Sir Robert that as I had
wished him to be frank, he would wish me to be so ;
and I therefore said that he must make allowance
for my feelings, as I had been always brought up in
very strong feelings on the other (Whig) side, and
that my feelings had always been very strongly with
1839] THE ANSWER TO PEEL 173
my Government, therefore my feelings could not
easily change, though I might be fair ; and Lord M.
approved all, and saw and said I could not do other-
wise. I acted quite alone, I said, and feared I might
have embarrassed the Government. " I must sum-
mon the Cabinet," said Lord M., "at once ; it may
have very serious consequences ; if we can't go on
with this House of Commons, we may have to dis-
solve Parliament, and we don't know if we may get
as good a House of Commons."
I received the following letter from Lord M.,
written at one o'clock : " Lord Melbourne presents
his humble duty to Your Majesty. The Cabinet has
sate until now and after much discussion advises
Your Majesty to return the following answer to Sir
Robert Peel : " The Queen having considered the
proposal made to her yesterday by Sir Robert Peel
to remove the Ladies of her Bedchamber cannot
consent to adopt a course which she conceives to be
contrary to usage and repugnant to her feelings."
I immediately wrote a few lines in answer to Lord
Melbourne, and copied the letter to Sir R. Peel.
Friday, 10th May. At 7 m. to 2 Lord Melbourne
came to me and stayed with me till 10 m. to 3. He
was well ; rode here, and asked how I was. I
placed in his hands Sir Robert Peel's answer which
he read. He started at one part where he says
" some changes," but some or all, I said were the
same, and Lord M. said, " I must submit this to
the Cabinet." Lord M. showed me a letter from
Lord Grey about it, a good deal alarmed, thinking
I was right, and yet half doubtful ; one from Rice
dreadfully frightened and wishing the Whig Ladies
should resign ; and one from Lansdowne wishing
to state that the Ladies would have resigned.
174 THE CABINET APPROVES [*r. 19
Lord M. had also seen the Duke of Richmond ; and
Lord M. said we might be beat ; I said I never would
yield ; and would never apply to Peel again. Lord
M. said, "You are for standing out, then? " I said
certainly. I asked how the Cabinet felt ; John
Russell strongly for standing out, he said ; Dun-
cannon very much so ; Holland, Lord Minto, Hob-
house, the Chancellor all for standing out, Thom-
son too, and Normanby also ; Rice and Howick
alarmed. 1 We talked over the whole thing again ;
I said, in which he agreed, I couldn't wait to hear
from him how to act ; I was compelled to act alone.
Lord M. was very kind, said they must have a
Cabinet next day ; the Cabinet had come to his
house at 10 ; he would come to the Ball, as it was
better he should, and promised to send John Russell
to me. Saw Lord John from a J p. 4 to a J to
5, to whom I repeated the whole ; we quite agreed,
and I said to him I hoped they would stand by me,
as I had stood by them so long and always would,
and he said they would as long as they possibly
could.
At 10 I went as usual into the 1st Ballroom,
where were all my people. Little Adolphus Chiches-
ter, poor Lord Templemore's son, 8 kissed hands as
Page ; a very pretty boy. The Grand-Duke, at-
tended by Count Orloff, Prince Henry of Orange,
Aunt Gloucester, and the Duke and Duchess of Cam-
bridge and Augusta, joined us in that room. At |
1 But afterwards, when the Queen's letters to Melbourne of 8th
and 9th May were read, Lord Broughton (Hobhouse) records that their
reading " gave a new spirit to our waverers, and even Howick and
Rice owned that it was impossible to abandon such a Queen and such
a woman." The " woman " was only nineteen years old.
2 Lord Templemore had married Lord Anglesey's daughter, and
died in 1837. Adolphus Chichester died, aged thirty, in 1855.
1839J THE STATE BALL 175
p. 10 we went in ; it was rather formal, and every-
body looked preoccupied ; Lord Melbourne was
standing near the door of the larger ballroom, and I
talked to him for a little while. When I had made
the cercle, dancing began ; I danced 1st with the
Grand-Duke ; 2ndly with the Prince of Orange (the
Grand-Duke and Lady Fanny being my Vis-a-vis),
and 3rdly with Lord Mulgrave. After the 1st Quad-
rille, Peel and the Duke of Wellington came by look-
ing very much put out. All my friends were very
kind. Lord Melbourne came up to me and asked
me some questions ; he assured me he was quite well ;
I think he went away immediately afterwards. We
then went into the other room, where I danced with
Prince Dolgorouki, and then with Lord Douglas ;
at 1 we went to supper. After supper the dancing
became much more animated. I danced with Lord
March ; then with Lord Bruce. 1 We had a Mazurka,
which really did very well. Lady Cowper sat near
me for some time and was so happy at what had
taken place. We then went again into the smaller
ball-room, and saw two Reels danced the Grand-
Duke sitting near me and I concluded the Ball with
a Quadrille with the Grand-Duke. I left the Ball-
room at a J p. 3, much pleased, as my mind felt
happy.
Saturday, llth May. Lord M. then said, pulling
a paper out of his pocket, " Now, Ma'am, for what we
have been about ; we've had a long sitting of it ;
from p. 12 till now " (5). " This is what you've
1 George William Frederick, son of the first Marquess of Ailesbury :
he was born in 1804, and married in 1837 Mary, daughter of the
eleventh Earl of Pembroke. He was summoned to the House of Lords
as Baron Bruce in 1839, and succeeded his father, as second Marquess
of Ailesbury, in 1856.
176 THE CABINET MINUTE [*r.i9
probably never seen, and which is only done on great
occasions, a Cabinet Minute." He then read it to
me, and was very much affected indeed in reading
the part, that they consented to retain office and
would support me. I grasped his hand in both mine
with real feelings of the greatest gratitude ; and he
then read what was Lord Howick's opinion, who
differs from them, but agrees in their endeavours to
support me.
PRESENT
The Lord Chancellor The Lord John Russell
The Lord President The Viscount Palmerston
The Lord Privy Seal The Viscount Howick
Viscount Melbourne The Viscount Morpeth
The Marquis of Normanby Sir John Hobhouse, Bart.
The Earl of Minto The Chancellor of the Ex-
The Chancellor of the chequer
Duchy of Lancaster Mr. Thomson
Her Majesty's confidential servants having taken
into consideration the letter addressed by Her
Majesty to Sir Robert Peel on the 10th of May,
and the reply of Sir Robert Peel on the same day, are
of opinion that for the purpose of giving to an
administration that character of efficiency and sta-
bility and these ... x of the constitutional support
of the Crown which are required to enable it to act
usefully for the public service, it is reasonable that
the great offices of the Court and the situations in
the Household held by members of either House of
Parliament should be included in the habitual
1 In Lord Melbourne's original paper, the words appear to
be " those marks."
1839] END OF THE AFFAIR 177
arrangements made on a change of administration ;
but they are not of opinion that a similar principle
should be applied or extended to the offices held by
Ladies in Her Majesty's Household. Her Majesty's
confidential servants are therefore prepared to sup-
port Her Majesty in refusing to assent to the removal
of the Ladies of her Household which Her Majesty
conceived to be contrary to usage and which is re-
pugnant to her feelings, and are prepared to con-
tinue in their offices on these grounds.
Lord M. said, " That is if Your Majesty thinks
proper " ; which of course I did, and felt most
grateful ; he said he would give me a copy of it,
when he had copied it. " You know the success of
this is doubtful," said Lord M. ; I said I felt that,
but that I could not apply to Peel again ; Lord M.
said it would be difficult to pass him over. Lord M.
said, " If I had thought that this demand would be
made, I would have told you to ask Sir Robert to
put his proposition down in writing " ; I went and
fetched Sir Robert's letter and proved to Lord M.
that though Sir Robert might deny it, he had
stated " the Chief Appointments " of the Ladies,
which makes us quite safe. I repeated that I main-
tained I had the power about my Ladies, else what
power had I left ! in which Lord M. agreed.
Sunday, 12th May. At 12 I went to the Chapel
Royal and came back at a J p. 2. I was loudly
cheered both going and returning, and expressions
of, "The Queen for ever," "God bless Your
Majesty," " Bravo," were heard. 1 Talked of my
having expressed a wish to Peel that Ireland should
1 The Queen, at this time, was popular in the streets, but not in
the "salons."
178 LORD PALMERSTON ON POWER [T.ID
be very mildly governed ; of Peel's not being san-
guine from the beginning; of Lord Winchester's 1
having been with the late King but always having
voted with the Government ; of Sir H. Taylor being
a Tory, but a fair man. Talked of the Grand-Duke
and my having told him all, which Lord M. said
" was a very good thing " ; and his being very much
pleased at what had taken place, which Lord M. was
almost surprised at. I asked Lord M. if he thought
John Russell liked to be out ; Lord M. said, " I
think he is rather tired, but I don't think he would
have liked to have been out long ; Palmerston is the
most ingenuous about it ; he says, ' I don't at all
conceal that I think it a great bore to go out ; I
like power, I think power very pleasant ' " ; and I
said Palmerston did it so well, and that how could
the Duke of Wellington ever have done it ? " They
tell me that he never could have done it. It would
only be putting it off for a step, for another man
(of his Party) couldn't do it; you must come to
him," said Lord M. "I myself shouldn't object to
leave the Ballot an open question like the Corn
Laws." I said, couldn't John Russell do that ?
46 1 don't well see how he could," Lord M. replied.
I said to Lord M., what he had once told me,
that he wasn't very much for the Reform Bill. " I
wasn't very much for it," he said, " I saw it was
unavoidable. I was for standing firm and doing
nothing at all," he said ; as he knew when once
begun you must go on.
Talked of how they bury people at Venice in
some horrid way ; Lord M. said, " I'm not well
acquainted with the dead ; I hate to look on the
1 Charles Ingoldsby, thirteenth Marquess.
1839] CONCERNING FRENCH COOKERY 179
dead ; I like what is joyous and agreeable ; I can't
bear what's disagreeable and melancholy." He said,
" A Troubadour said once, ' I don't wish to go to
Heaven where the Priests and the Monks are ; I
wish to go where the Ladies and the Troubadours
are.' " I then told him Mamma had said Lord M.
came too often to me; upon which Lord M. said,
" The Duke of Wellington said that was right ; and
that if he was me, he would establish himself in the
Palace," which I said I wished he would. We then
talked for some time about Cookery, and Lord M. made
us laugh very much about it. " Oh ! the French are
the first nation in the world ; we ought to be eternally
grateful to them," he said ; for that the art of pre-
paring food was the 1st thing in the world ; although
the French cookery wasn't as good as it used to be.
Lord M. talked of when all this was introduced into
France. " Francis I. was the first who introduced
that gaiety ; he was the first king who had that gay
liberty, which has since been so much practised,"
he said, snapping his fingers and laughing. He
also made us laugh about Confectioners, and praised
mine.
He then talked of our Army going up to Kanda-
har, and having gone so prosperously ; and he said
the Boatmen who brought them along the river,
asked them, " Where are you going to ? " and when
they said to Kandahar, they said, " God ! we'll go
with you ; you pay us, and you don't murder, you
don't pillage ! God ! we'll go with you ! "
After dinner, when Lord Melbourne came into the
room, he remained talking with me some time
before we sat down, near the chimney. Talked of
Sir Robert Peel, and my feeling so happy. " You
mustn't be sure that you have escaped yet," he said.
180 ENGLAND AND RUSSIA [-. w
Lord M. said, " You must remember that he (Peel) is
a man who is not accustomed to talk to Kings ; a
man of quite a different calibre ; it's not like me ;
I've been brought up with Kings and Princes. I
know the whole Family, and know exactly what to
say to them ; now he has not that ease, and pro-
bably you were not at your ease." These are nearly
his words I think. He said the Marylebone Vestry
had voted an Address to support me, in spite of
Lord Kenyon's l endeavours to prevent it. Talked of
the demonstrations towards me, and Lord M. said,
" If there's a feeling in the country it's all over with
them." Talked of their having quarrelled with the
Duke of Buckingham, 8 who Lord M. said is a man
of no capacity whatever ; the late Duke ' was very
clever, he said.
We were seated much as usual, Lord Melbourne
sitting near me. He was very much excited the
whole evening, talking to himself and pulling his hair
about, which always makes him look so much
handsomer. He talked of India, its going on so
well, our coming too close (Russia and England), and
we talked over what he has often said to me before,
of which (if 2 Nations were to govern the World)
should be master ; and that he meant to talk to
Orloff about it before he went. Lord M. asked if I
could read the Minute, which I said I could perfectly.
1 George, second Lord Kenyon, succeeded his father, the Lord
Chief Justice, in 1802.
2 This, the second Duke of the 1822 creation, was the author of
the " Tenant at Will," or " Chandos," clause of the Reform Act.
Owing to his extravagance, he was compelled to sell the contents
of his house at Stowe.
8 For many years M.P. for Bucks, he supported Pitt and (his
uncle) Lord Grenville. He held a small office in the Ministry of the
latter in 1806-7. His was the only Dukedom created by George IV.
1839] LORD HOWE'S CONDUCT 181
" I used to write a very ugly hand," he said, " but
it used to be a very legible hand ; and now I've got
to write a hand that almost nobody can read ; what
I judge from is, that when I read it over myself I
can't read it, and so I think if / can't read it nobody
else can." Talked of handwriting ; his brother's ;
mine ; and he said, " The letter you wrote me this
morning was beautifully written." I caught his eye
when he was frowning very much, and he smiled
and rubbed his forehead and said, " Never mind, I
was only knitting my brows ; I know it looks
tremendous," but that one shouldn't judge from
expression, that very susceptible people constantly
changed expression. I said he was very absent
sometimes ; " Notoriously so," he said, " particu-
larly when I've a great deal to do."
Talked of Lord Howe's 1 having been allowed to
remain, though many wished Lord M. to remove him,
but he did not wish it. Lord M. said, one day at
Windsor Howe took Lord M. by the arm, led him
into the Gallery, and said, " I must vote against
you," upon the Irish Bill. " ' God ! ' I said, ' don't,' "
continued Lord Melbourne, " c stay away ' ; 'I
must,' he said, ' I've spoken so strongly against it
in Leicestershire, I never can show my face at
Gopsal again if I don't,' he said ; ' Well then,' I said,
* go to the House of Lords, sit on one of the back
benches, and vote against us.' He went to the
House of Lords, voted against us, and never a word
was said about it." Lord M. thought this frank,
for he offered to resign, which he says it would have
been justifiable to have made him do, but which he
(Ld. M.) didn't like to do. " I haven't such a bad
opinion of Howe," he said ; " he's a wicked hypo-
1 Lord Chamberlain to Queen Adelaide. See Vol. I., p. 289.
n 13
182 PEEL ON THE QUEEN'S GRACIOUSNESS DET.IO
crite," which made me laugh. Talked of there
being my Balls ; of Aunt Gloster's sending me the
List and asking me to strike out and put in who
I liked. "That's the right way; she's a King's
daughter," said Lord M. Lord M. said he was
well, but very much excited. Talked of Persia, and
these boatmen, and Lord M. said, " An army that
pays is the greatest blessing a country can have " ;
that there, where the people were unaccustomed to
it, they were quite delighted, and that it made much
more effect than it would here.
Monday, 13th May. Talked of John Russell's
having said he wished to resign. Lord M. said, " That
would be ruin to us, it would quite ruin the character
of the Government." Lord M. had heard from the
Duke of W., who did not intend saying anything
unless it was begun by others ; and consequently
Lord M. did not intend either saying anything.
Talked of Sir Robert Peel ; of what John Russell
meant to say ; of the lies that were being told of the
whole affair. The House of Lords immensely full,
Lord M. said. " Must say something one day," he
said, " having taken my seat without saying any-
thing after having resigned." He did so on Friday
too. " Such a thing never happened before," he
said. " He (Peel) spoke very highly of Your
Majesty," said Lord M. " He said, nothing could be
more gracious than your manner, nor more feeling
than the manner in which you mentioned your late
Government, and nothing more constitutional than
the manner " in which I gave way about the Govern-
ment. " I hear John had plenty of precedents,"
continued Lord M., " in the reign of Queen Anne " ;
and he mentioned Lady Sunderland, who he said
was very violent and " known by the name of the
1
'
H.R.H. THE DUCHESS OF GLOUCESTER.
From a portrait by Sir W. Ross.
1839] LORD JOHN RUSSELL'S REPORT 183
little Whig " ; she was one of the Duke of Marl-
borough's daughters.
Lord Uxbridge had heard part of Peel's speech,
and said one part was very vulgar ! ! I got a
box from Lord John after dinner with the follow-
ing account : " Lord John Russell has the honour
to report that he this day made his statement to
the House in answer to Sir Robert Peel. Sir Robert
Peel made a skilful and not unfair statement. He
however spoke only of his intention of changing
some of the Ladies of the Bedchamber. But he did
not say that he had made this intention clear to
Your Majesty ; only that he had so arranged the
matter with his political friends. The popular im-
pression is greatly in favour of the course pursued
by Your Majesty." I sent this down to Lord Mel-
bourne, and when he came into the drawing-room
I asked him if he had seen it, and he said, " That's
very satisfactory." I sat down near the fire, and
Lord Melbourne sat next to me. I asked him if he
liked my dress ; and he said he thought it beautiful.
Talked of Garcia wishing to bring her mother with
her, as she was so young. Lord M. said that for-
merly that was not allowed in the Green Room,
and that they said, " If a girl can't take care of her-
self without her Mother, she can't do so with her."
Lord M. said he remembered one of the actresses
told him in the Green Room one day, that there was
some woman whose daughter was going upon the
stage, who came crying and saying her daughter was
too good to come upon the stage, but would have to
do so ; " upon which Mrs. Siddons and Mrs. Moun-
tain, 1 who were pinks of propriety, drew up " as if
it was a reflection upon themselves. . . .
1 Mrs. Rosoman Mountain (who died in 1841) was an actress of
184 WILLIAM IV. AND HIS HOUSEHOLD [JET.IO
Thursday, 16th May. I said he had a much
better opinion of Peel than I had. "You must re-
member he is so very reserved," said Lord M. Lord
M. said, " Nobody ever gave up the Household so
completely as William IV." l I said I did also.
" I think you were quite right to reserve your
ladies," added Lord M. He said, " that Lord Grey
was accused of having said in 1812 that he would
ride roughshod through Carlton House ; he swears
he never said it, but it made a great effect at the
time." He meant by that, changing the whole
Household, Lord Melbourne said. When Lord Gren-
ville and Mr. Fox came in, in 1806, which they did
as there was nobody else, and George III. was obliged
to take them " very much against his will, I be-
lieve," Lord M. continued, " they asked the King "
for some of the Household to be given up as a mark
of confidence, and " he scratched out the name of
Lord Sandwich, Master of the Buckhounds ; only
one." " There was some delicacy in that," said
Lord M., " as Lord Sandwich left Mr. Fox, and the
King knew he would be the one most agreeable for
them to remove." I said Peel never came up to
me at Gloucester House. " Stupid man," said Lord
M. " When I came to the Duchess of Gloucester's,"
continued Lord M., " I met Lord Fitzgerald, whom
I know very well, and I took him by the arm and
said to him, 6 Now mind Peel goes up to the Queen,'
and he nodded his head as if to say, ' I know what
you mean.' ' Lord M. thought it " natural too."
considerable attainments, especially in musical pieces. She had a
large repertoire, and made a great success at Drury Lane as Polly in
The Beggar's Opera.
1 William IV. allowed his Ministers a very free hand in the selection
of his " official " Household.
1839] WELLINGTON AND PEEL ABSENT 185
" I never went near Queen Adelaide, and I believe
she was very much annoyed at it. I used to go
chattering with the Maids of Honour," continued
Lord M., " it's much pleasanter." . . .
Saturday, ISth May. Lord Morpeth talked of the
Horticultural Society, and Lord M. said, " I took
my name off about 12 years ago, when a man ran
away with 12,000 ; somehow I hate societies, I
think they always lead to mischief, they are always
for the benefit of the Banker and the Treasurer."
Sunday, ISth May. Lord M. said he was quite
well, and when I said I thought him not well, the
night before, he said, " Only sleepy ; that's not a
sign of being ill ; it's right to sleep after dinner ; we
ought all to lie down all round the room, and sleep,"
which made me laugh very much. . . .
Wednesday, 22nd May. Talked of my brother's
arrival ; I got a box from Palmerston which I begged
Lord M. to open for me. Lord Albemarle presented
the new Page, Col. Wemyss's son, a dear little boy
11 years old, very small. . . . We then went into
the Throne Room, when the Levee began, which
was very full, 1,100 people, and lasted till a J to
4. There were a number of Addresses presented,
approving my conduct in this last affair. . . .
Talked of the Duke of Wellington's and Peel's not
having been at the Levee, which I thought very
rude. Lord M. said, " I don't think they mean
that " ; I replied that was all very well for Lord M.,
who was so kind and good, not to think people could
mean things, but that there were very few like him
(Ld. M.). " I don't like you to have those feelings,"
he said kindly. I said it was so foolish of Peel to
act in this way, as by doing so he has made me
dislike him. " That's what his Party feels," said
H 13*
186 TWENTIETH BIRTHDAY c^T.ao
Lord M., and he said it was very ill-judged of him,
as he saw there was a want of confidence on my
part, to distrust me, and thus make me distrust him
still more.
Talked of Peel's trying to force all. "The
only way to gain confidence," said Lord M., " is
not to distrust the other person ; you must show
confidence to gain it ; that was how I acted with
the late King, and he was very fair ; he once or
twice did things which embarrassed us a good deal,
but upon the whole he was very fair." Talked of
what I should say to the Bishops next day, and he
promised to write something down for me. Talked
of the late King's having made such long speeches so
often, "which got the Government into great diffi-
culties," Lord M. said. . . .
Friday, 24<th May. This day I go out of my
TEENS and become 20 ! It sounds so strange to me !
I have much to be thankful for ; and I feel I owe
more to two people than I can ever repay ! my
dear Lehzen, and my dear excellent Lord Melbourne !
I pray Heaven to preserve them in health and
strength for many, many years to come, and that
Lord Melbourne may remain at the Head of Affairs ;
not only for my own happiness and prosperity,
but for that of the whole Country and of all
Europe; and lastly that I may become every day
less unworthy of my high station ! I said John
Russell had been with me, and in very good humour ;
Peel had sent an excuse, saying he was in the
country ; Lord M. agreed with me he ought to have
come. I said the Duke had been very civil to me
at the Drawing-room. Said, John Russell thought
there would not be much opposition any more in the
House of Commons ; that there would be a great
1839] STATE DINNER AT WINDSOR 187
deal of opposition about this new Scheme for National
Education, and I said John Russell laughed when I
talked to him of Lord M.'s doubting the utility of it ;
Lord M . laughed ; J. R. was greatly for it, I said. . . .
Sunday, 26th May. Lord M. believes Lord Hert-
ford l expects the ladies to leave their cards upon
him, as he always does upon them. " Whenever he
comes to Town," said Lord M., " he always leaves
his card on me, and asks the porter how I am ; which
I'm afraid I never return, and yet he always asks
me." ... Of Bishop Heber's being drowned in a
bath. " He was a blundering, awkward fellow," said
Lord M. " All is awkwardness," said Lord M. ;
I said not all drowning ; " Every thing is awkward-
ness," he continued ; " c'est maladroit ; c'est les
maladroits qui sont malheureux." . . .
WINDSOR, Monday, 27th May. It was a most
beautiful, bright day, yet the 1st impression, I know
not why beautiful as it looked and green and bright
is always a triste one. I saw the Grand-Duke
arrive at 20 m. to 7 ; he bowed up to my window.
At a J to 8 we dined. The Grand-Duke, Prince
Henry of the Netherlands, Count Orloff, Prince
Dolgorouki, Prince Bariatinsky, Baron Lieven, Gen.
Kaveline, M. Jonkowsky, M. Patkul, M. d'Adlerberg,
M. Youriewitch, M. de Bentinck, Captain Amiens,
Lady Cowper and Fanny, Lord Albemarle, Lord
Erroll, 2 Lord and Lady Uxbridge and Ellen and
Constance, Count and Countess Woronzow, and
1 Lord Hertford (third Marquess, 1777-1842) was the original of
Thackeray's Marquis of Steyne in Vanity Fair, and Disraeli's Lord
Monmouth in Coningsby. Nothing can be added to these portraits.
See Vol. I., pp. 310, 311.
2 William George, eighteenth Earl of Erroll, created a Peer of the
United Kingdom by William IV. He married the King's natural
daughter, Elizabeth Fitzclarence.
188 THE STATE BALL GET.*)
Countess Alexandrine Potoska, M. de Tolstoy, the
Duke of Argyll, Lord Torrington, Miss Lyttelton,
Miss Paget, Miss Anson, and Col. Buckley (Lord
Alfred having returned), who are all staying in the
house, and Col. and Miss Cavendish, and Lord
Charles Fitzroy, dined here. We dined in St.
George's Hall, which looked beautiful. The Grand-
Duke led me in and I sat between him and Prince
Henry. I really am quite in love with the Grand-
Duke ; he is a dear, delightful young man. At about
a little after 10, we went into the red drawing-room,
(next the dining-room), where an Orchestra was
raised in which Weippert and his band were sta-
tioned ; and dancing began. I danced 1st a quad-
rille with the Grand-Duke, then followed a Valse,
during which time I sat down ; then a quadrille
which I danced with Prince Henry ; then again a
Valse followed ; and I danced after this a quadrille
with M. de Tolstoy ; this was followed again by a
Valse (of course I and also the Grand-Duke sitting
down during the Valse) ; and then I danced a quad-
rille with Lord Clarence Paget, who came after dinner
from Colonel Cavendish's, as did also Mr. and Lady
Mary Vyner, Mr. and Lady Louisa Cavendish (who
also danced), Mr. and Lady Agnes Byng, Mr. and
Lady Fanny Howard, and Mr. and Mrs. Harcourt.
At a little after 12 we went into the dining-room
for supper ; after supper they danced a Mazurka
for an hour, I should think nearly ; the Grand-
Duke asked me to take a turn, which I did (never
having done it before) and which is very pleasant ;
the Grand-Duke is so very strong, that in running
round, you must follow quickly, and after that you
are whisked round like in a Valse, which is very
pleasant. I also had a turn with Prince Henry ; I
1839] PRAISE OF THE GRAND-DUKE 189
then danced a quadrille with Patkul, which was
followed by a Valse. After this we danced (what I
had never even seen before) the " Grossvater " or
" Rerraut," and which is excessively amusing ; I
danced with the Grand-Duke, and we had such fun
and laughter ; Patkul and the Countess Potoska led
the way. It begins with a solemn walk round the
room, which also follows each figure ; one figure, in
which the lady and gentleman run down holding
their pocket-handkerchief by each end, and letting
the ladies on one side go under it, and the gentlemen
jump over it, is too funny. This concluded our little
Ball at near 2 o'clock. I never enjoyed myself more.
We were all so merry ; I got to bed by a J to 3,
but could not sleep till 5.
Tuesday, 28th May. The Grand-Duke talked of
his very fine reception here, and said he would never
forget it. "Ce ne sont pas seulement des paroles, je
vous assure, Madame," he said, but that it was what
he felt, and that he never would forget these days here,
which I'm sure / shall never also, for I really love
this amiable and dear young man, who has such a
sweet smile. I talked to Lord Melbourne of St.
George's Hall, which he admired very much. . . . He
said, " I don't think the Grand-Duke looks well ; he
looks rather livid." I talked often with Lord Mel-
bourne. I pointed out Countess Potoska as having
30,000 a year, which he wouldn't believe. He ob-
served upon the great length of the petticoats, which
he said gave a suspicion that the feet and ankles are
not quite right. He said, " I don't like blue gowns ;
it's an unlucky colour ; no girl ever marries who
wears a blue gown."
Wednesday, 29th May. I said all this excitement
did me good. " But you may suffer afterwards," he
192 QUESTIONS OF PRECEDENCE tr.20
" And you had a great posse of them," said Lord
M., and so nice, I observed. I said a young person
like me must sometimes have young people to laugh
with. " Nothing so natural," replied Lord M. with
tears in his eyes ; and I said I had that so seldom.
Talked of the astonishment of Foreigners, and of
Charles, that a person like Lord March should take
precedence of the Prime Minister ; Lord M. smiled
and said, " I think it is better as it is," in which I
agreed. He said the Secretaries of State always
take rank of the first of their own degree ; if a
Marquis, the 1st of the Marquises ; if an Earl, the
1st of the Earls, &c. Palmerston waives that, he
says, as he thinks being in the House of Commons,
he loses rank ; but the 1st Lord of the Treasury
has no rank, Lord M. said, though the Lord High
Treasurer ranked very high l but there has been
none since Lord Godolphin and Lord Oxford, in
Queen Anne's time. . . .
1 King Edward reverted to the precedent of the Lord High
Treasurer when he accorded special precedence to the office of Prime
Minister. See ante, p. 47, and Vol. I., p. 299.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER XV
IN June 1839 Lord Melbourne's Government was back in office,
shaken by the crisis, but reprieved for another two years. There
were inevitable changes in the personnel and some shifting of
offices, as is usual on these occasions. Macaulay was appointed
Secretary at War, and Lord John Russell, then Home Secretary,
exchanged offices with Lord Normanby, and took charge of the
Colonies. This enabled the Jamaica Bill to pass. The Ministry
had been roughly handled in debate. Although the Duke of
Wellington's criticisms were resented by the Queen, her generous
instincts responded to the appeal made on the Duke's behalf by
her uncle, King Leopold, who laid special stress upon the incurable
nature of that disease which goes by the name of " party spirit "
in England.
The Queen, for the first time, began to realize the isolation of
the Throne. The idea of marriage became less distasteful to her,
and when Lord Melbourne asked her whether she desired to agree
to King Leopold's suggestion that 4 her Coburg cousin should visit
her, she replied in the affirmative. She discussed with Lord
Melbourne her uncle's project of marrying her to Prince Albert,
and argued in favour of an alliance with a Prince of royal blood
rather than with a subject.
The even tenor of the Queen's life had been broken by the
Ministerial crisis, and a fresh stage in her moral and political
education had been reached and passed. She said in later years
that this period of her reign was crucial in forming her character
as a Sovereign and as a woman. The excitement of the time upon
the mind of a young girl Jeft her in a state only too ready to
receive lifelong impressions *of good and evil. It was a condition
of things full of peril for her, and she afterwards expressed her
gratitude that " none of her children have had to run the risk "
she believed herself to have incurred. All the talk about the
hatred of one Party and the loyalty of the other was highly
dangerous from its subjective effects upon the character of a
youthful Sovereign. " They wish to treat me like a girl, but I
will show them that I am Queen of England," and " I have stood
by you (the Whigs) : you must now stand by me," were not
phrases calculated to strengthen the Throne under a Constitutional
form of Government, or to encourage that flexibility of the mind
so requisite in a Constitutional Sovereign. By good fortune, the
divinity that doth hedge a Queen saved this young Princess from
herself, and she agreed to receive the visit of Prince Albert of
Saxe-Coburg.
193
CHAPTER XV
1839
Saturday, 1st June. ... I had observed him
(Lord M.) riding his new horse from the window,
which I said seemed very pretty. " Beautiful
colour," he said. I said he seemed never to walk.
" No, he never walks," said Lord M. I said, " Do
you like that ? " " Can't bear that," he replied ;
why did he buy him then ? I asked ; he couldn't
always get what he liked, he said. Of the Duke of
W.'s being very fair, for he says Lord M. should go
on, and would not meet with so much opposition ; I
said to Lord M. what could make the Duke so very
eager at times ; " He is an eager man," replied Lord
M. ; we agreed this Speech was very friendly and
likely to displease his own people. Talked of the
King of Holland never having been, as Lord M.
said, on good terms with England ; he quarrelled
with the Duke of York during the French campaign.
Lord M. remembers the old Stadtholder, 1 who he
says was a great favourite of George IV. His wife
was a Prussian, he thinks, as Prussians occupied
the Netherlands in '82, on account of that relation-
ship, and in consequence thought they might occupy
France too, which they could not. Talked of
Mamma's Grandmother, the Queen of Sweden, and
Frederick the Great's wife being sisters, 2 and of
1 William VI., who retired on the invasion of the French in 1795.
2 Daughters of Ferdinand Albert, Duke of Brunswick-Bevern.
194
1839] RUSSELL AND HOWICK 195
how we were all related. Talked of Mary thinking
it so wrong that the Saxon Royal Family should
have become Catholics, as the Elector of Saxony
had been the great patron of Luther.
I rode down Constitution Hill, and as I was
crossing over to the Palace I met Lord Melbourne
on horseback, stopped him and rode down the Mall
and back again with him ; he rode in Col. Wemyss's
place. Lord M. said he had sent me a box and talked
of its contents which I shall copy hereafter and
therefore say nothing here of it ; he then said,
" Rather a disagreeable thing happened in the
Cabinet," Sir Hesketh Fleetwood, 1 Lord M. said, is
going to make a Motion on Tuesday, for the exten-
sion of suffrage to 10 holders, and " John didn't
wish to throw cold water upon it," but wants to
say " he would consider it," and thus conciliate these
Radicals a little. " Upon which Howick got up,"
continued Lord M., " and said if John made any
such declaration he must say he was quite against
any alteration in the Reform Bill ; so John said, he
couldn't go into the House again after that, for he
couldn't answer such a declaration. Well, at last we
got Howick to give it up and to say nothing on
Tuesday, but he says if he isn't satisfied with what
John says, he'll resign." Lord M.'s new horse is
very pretty and cantered nicely and is better broke,
having been a lady's horse. The Cabinet was long.
Sunday, June 2. I showed him Uncle's letter
which made him laugh ; talked of the Grand-
Duke's having given 20,000 2 in charities, and of his
1 Sir Peter Hesketh Fleetwood, M.P. for Preston. He was founder
of the town of Fleetwood, Lanes., and assumed the surname Fleetwood
in lieu of Hesketh.
2 Sic. This figure appears in the MS., but it may have been an
error for 2,000.
196 ENGRAVINGS OF ROYALTIES [*r.2o
having made a pretty speech about me before he
went. We agreed 20,000 was immense ; " but it's
very popular," Lord M. said. Talked of Howick.
" He was not at all vehement," said Lord M., " but
doggedly obstinate ; John was very much annoyed ;
I never saw anybody so much annoyed," for he
observed Howick was the only one, and all the
others (many of whom dislike doing this), said Lord
M., were ready to assist. Talked of the Nurse and
Tutor calling children by their Christian names, 1
which my brother said was done abroad, and which
Lord M. said no one would ever think of doing
here, that they always called them Lord, and
Mr. We looked at two of my large books of prints ;
in the 1st there is a pretty print of the Grand-Duke
when he was 11 years old, and which we agreed was
still so like. There was also a print of Frederick the
Great ; Lord M. said in looking at it, "A bad man ;
but we used him very ill," and that that was the
origin of the alienation between England and Prussia.
We looked at a print of Francis 1st, the late
Emperor ; and Lord M. said, " Madame de Lieven
used to say he was reckoned a stupid and a good
man, but I believe that he was neither the one
nor the other, and that I take to be the truth."
There was also a print of the Duke of Reichstadt,
and Lord M. said his death was a lucky thing. . . .
We talked of titles, that of Zetland, and Dunferm-
line ; and Lord M. said there is no regulation about
titles ; only subject to my pleasure ; and it is not
reckoned discredit to take another person's title ;
" But the Queen might make 20 Earls of Zetland if
she liked," he said. There is nothing to prevent
1 The use of Christian names without a prefix by nurses or tutors is
quite modern, and dates not farther back than 1880. See ante, p. 145.
1839] THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA 197
anybody from taking a title or wearing a ribbon, and
Lord M. said that was Bickersteth's famous answer
to Brougham ; " Brougham asked, * What is to pre-
vent a man from wearing a blue ribbon ? ' * No-
thing but the universal scorn and contempt of
mankind, my Lord.' "
Monday, 3rd June. I asked Lord M. if he
thought there would be no objection to my giving
Uncle Ferdinand the Bath, as he was a very dis-
tinguished Officer ; I said I had not mentioned
it to anybody ; Lord M. saw no objection to it,
but would speak to Lord Palmerston about it.
Said to Lord M., I shouldn't be surprised if the
Emperor himself were to come here one day. " I
always expect that," said Lord M. I said the Grand-
Duke had said that his father remembered with such
delight his visit to England and always hoped to
return one day. " And what did you say ? " said
Lord M. " Nothing," I replied. " That was the
best," he said. After the Council, I received in the
Closet Prince Esterhazy, Reschid Pasha, 1 and the
young Grand-Duke of Saxe-Weimar, 2 who were sever-
ally introduced by Lord Palmerston. The young
Grand-Duke is just the same age as the Grand-Duke ;
is not at all good-looking, but has a fine tall figure ;
but after the other Grand-Duke, no one is seen
to advantage ; he was accompanied by Count Beust
and M. Wagner. " I'm afraid we shall get into a
scrape about Howick," said Lord M. " I hear he
is determined to resign," unless J. Russell declared
strongly against any change in the Reform Bill.
1 Turkish Ambassador in London.
2 Charles, Hereditary Grand-Duke of Saxe-Weimar (b. 1818), son
of the Grand-Duke Charles Frederic, and his wife, Marie, daughter of
the Emperor Paul. See Vol. I., p. 125.
1114
198 THE SAXE-COBURG FAMILY [^1.20
I said, would Howick be a loss ? Lord M. said he
would be no loss, 1 but that " if Howick resigns,
Lord Grey would be sure to turn against us, and
Lord Dacre 2 too." "It would give a great shake,"
that Lord Grey thought the Reform Bill final,
and Lord M. said this extension to 10 freeholders
was a great change ; "It will lose us a great deal
of support," he said, " though it gains it on an-
other side." Talked of my Uncle's and Cousins'
arrival.
At about J p. 3 I ran downstairs with Lady
Lyttelton to receive Uncle Ferdinand. Uncle
is grown old, but looking well ; Victoire 3 quite
lovely tall and slender, a skin like lilies and roses,
hazel eyes, with beautiful fair hair, an aquiline
nose and a very sweet mouth not shy or awkward ;
Augustus grown but not so handsome as before
the face too fat ; Leopold very short (he is 15, and
Victoire 16) but very clever-looking ; large blue
eyes, a cock nose, fair hair and a fair skin ; Alex-
ander MensdoriT, 4 Charles's height, a very handsome
face, very dark, almost Spanish. I took them up
to my room ; then to their rooms, and then we took
luncheon together. . . .
Wednesday, 5th June. Heard from Lord John
" that Sir Hesketh Fleetwood yesterday brought for-
1 This was no reflection upon Lord Ho wick's abilities. It was a
tribute to the irritation his occasional captiousness excited in his
colleagues.
2 Thomas, twentieth Lord Dacre, sometime M.P. for Herts.
3 Princess Victoire of Saxe-Coburg married in 1840 the Due de
Nemours, son of Louis Philippe.
* Second son of the Duchess of Kent's sister, who married Count
Mensdorff-Pouilly. See Vol. I., p. 95. He (Alexander) married
Alexandrine, Countess Dietrichstein, and their second son, Albert, is
now (1912) Austro-Hungarian Ambassador in London.
. 7/V - yC /?/
/ruvcefci {JA&UMV/ cy- Ocucz -LvviAfW'
1839] FLEETWOOD'S MOTION DEFEATED 199
ward his motion to extend the right of voting in
Counties to 10 householders. Lord John Russell
felt himself obliged to declare that he could neither
support the Motion, nor could he hold out a hope
that the Government would concur in the Motion on
a future occasion. It must be allowed that this
Motion has been looked for with great anxiety by the
Radical Party, and that the declaration made on
the part of the Government has occasioned great
disappointment. The position is a very difficult one
and may cause serious embarrassment. The House
divided.
Against the Motion . . . 207
For . . ' .. . . .81
126"
. . . At 5 m. to 2 Lord Melbourne came to me in the
Closet, and stayed with me till a J p. 2. There was
some mistake about the Investiture, which however
was set right. Lord Melbourne then said to me,
" There's a dreadful ferment." I then said to him,
I was rather annoyed at J. Russell's having thus
thrown cold water upon the whole at once. Lord M.
said J. Russell had seen Howick yesterday morning,
who (H.) said he had been thinking very much over
it, and that he had asked Lord Grey about it, who
told Howick that he ought to oppose it in every way,
and that if Government did not oppose it " he "
(Ld. Grey) " should come down to the House and
make a declaration against it " ; upon which J.
Russell thought that, considering that he had only
a Majority of 22 one of his Colleagues decidedly
against it, and Lord Grey and others turning against
us, that he could not act otherwise than he had
200 OPINIONS ON RUSSELL'S CONDUCT CJST.JJO
done, which was that he stated he himself was for
the measure, but that he could not hold out any
hope that the Government could do anything at a
future time. It had been settled at the Cabinet that
J. Russell should say that the Government would
consider it next year ; Lord M. had not seen J.
Russell yesterday before this change and knew no-
thing of it, which I said I thought wrong ; Lord M.
said, " He says, a leader must sometimes act for
himself," but that John Hobhouse, Normanby and
Thomson were so angry at this, that they were in-
clined to resign upon it, and Lord M said their
resignation at this moment would break up the
Government ; so he intends to have a Cabinet next
day upon it. " I thought it better to have it to-
morrow in order to let them cool a little," he said.
Before this, he said, " Duncannon, to whom they
always go in such emergencies, advised them " (Nor-
manby, Thomson and Hobhouse) " not to take
any hasty step but to consider it first." "But
there's a great ferment about it," said Lord M., " and
they are very angry." Some of our friends, he says,
are very much pleased at what John Russell has
done ; I asked him, mightn't the Tories be more
friendly too, since this ; Lord M. said it might have
that effect, but that one couldn't depend upon one's
enemies ; the division against the motion was so
large on account of the Tories. This extending the
elective franchise to 10 holders " is a very serious
change," Lord M. said. I said to Lord M. I had been
so angry last night, as both Alfred Paget and Murray
had frightened me last night about this affair in the
House of Commons. . . . Talked of Sir William Moles-
worth l being such a very odd-looking man, with long
1 Then M.P. for Leeds. He was one of the first men of the leisured
1839] TEMPORARY SETTLEMENT 201
yellow hair, which Lord M. said he wore to hide the
loss of one of his ears ; he was at the Leve, as also
O'Connell, who brought an Address. " He looked very
smug, and very cunning," said Lord M. Talked of
Mr. Buckstone * ; of people looking so odd in Court
dresses. " It's as if a man was dressed to act a
part " ; I said it was such a frightful dress, which
he wouldn't allow, and said was from the time of
Louis the XlVth. I said the cravats were so ugly,
and must be so uncomfortable, and that I should
like an open collar so much better. " Why, you
wouldn't show a man's neck ? " he said ; " a man's
neck's so ugly, it's so strongly marked, that's why
they hide it ; a woman never hides her neck."
Thursday, 6th June. At 20 m. p. 3 came Lord
Melbourne and stayed with me till 4. He asked
how I was, and said, " You look pale " ; but I said
I was well. " Well, Ma'am, we've settled this for
the present," he said smiling, which made me very
happy. I asked if with much difficulty ? " No, not
much," he said ; " they felt John had done it him-
self ; there was a little attack upon Howick ; so it
is settled for the present ; but I'm afraid it'll not
last long before we have new difficulties." That we
agreed must always be the case.
Friday, 7th June. " Esterhazy has been with
me this morning," he continued, " he is in a great
fright about France, as all the Austrians always are ;
he has had a long conversation with Peel." I then
said I had forced Lady and Miss Peel to shake hands
class to adopt " Radical " opinions. The band of members then
holding those views was small but remarkable. In the coalition
Ministry formed by Lord Aberdeen in 1852, Moles worth was First
Commissioner of Works. He became Colonial Secretary in 1855, the
year of his death.
1 J. B. Buckstone, the manager of the Haymarket Theatre.
H14*
202 THE HOUSEHOLD ONLY A PRETEXT [* T .2o
with me. Esterhazy told Lord M. she was " in a
great state of irritation, and very much annoyed."
The Duke, I observed, was very civil ; Lord M. said,
" Oh ! he's in very good humour because he told
Esterhazy that you had said to him, he must stand
by you, and that you said he had not, but (he said)
that Peel was so jealous of anybody else, that he
could not." I said I thought Peel saw that I had
more confidence in the Duke than I had in him.
Lord M. said Peel put forward what happened in
1812 x about the Household, when Lord Grey came
in, as a precedent for what has now happened,
which he said was quite different ; " That's no pre-
cedent whatever," continued Lord M., " and they
only put that forward as a pretext," the real truth
was, Lord M. said, that George IV. insisted on
having Lord Moira 2 at the head of the Treasury ;
" and he," said Lord M., " was a man who had
played the deuce when he was at the Ordnance
Office ; and they " (Lord Grey and Lord Grenville)
"felt they could not go on with him in the Ministry,
so they put the Household forward as a pretext to
1 In 1812 Lord Welles ley was called upon by the Prince Regent
to form a ministry in conjunction with Lord Moira. Lords Grey and
Grenville were asked to take office but refused, ostensibly objecting
to a coalition Government. They also stipulated that the appoint-
ments to the Household should be under their control, but this was
refused. Lords Wellesley and Moira failed to form an administration,
and Lord Liverpool became Prime Minister.
2 In 1789 Lord Moira (then Colonel Rawdon Hastings) was an in-
timate friend of the Prince of Wales, and proposed in his favour the
amendment on the Regency question. He distinguished himself in the
Low Countries in 1794. In 1806 he was Master of the Ordnance in
the Ministry of " All the Talents," but resigned his appointment when
the Duke of Portland became Prime Minister in 1807. In 1813 he
was appointed Governor-General of Bengal and Commander-in-Chief
of the Indian Army. Lady Flora Hastings was his daughter.
1839] "LUCREZIA BORGIA" 203
get out of it." I said some people thought Sir
Robert Peel did it only for a pretext ; " Just the
same thing," said Lord M. " But it must be done,"
said Lord M. ; " he " (George III.) " was always
very civil." I said / was too. " I don't mean by
that you are not," said Lord M. laughing ; " and
he took them in ; they said it was all his deceit ; I
don't believe that ; I think that was all their gulli-
bility ; they thought he really liked them."
" She has got ringlets to-day," he said, looking
at Victoire (who had had her hair in puffs the 2 days
before), which I said I admired much the most. " I
don't like the character," he said, " it gives such a
naughty look " ; but didn't he think she looked
well? He replied, "They are beautiful," but the
character the same. " Is Count Mensdorff in good
health ? " he asked. I replied, Yes, but that he
looked pale. " Sallow ; that colour is what / think
beautiful," he said, which it is ; and I said he was
such a nice young man. " He's a nice fellow." I
said his father was a Frenchman. " He looks like a
Frenchman," said Lord M.
Saturday, Sth June. At \ p. 6 we dined. I sat
between Uncle and Alexander. At a little before 8
we went with all but Lehzen, Miss Spring Rice, Lady
Gardiner, Lady Flora and Mr. Murray, to the Opera.
It was the new opera of Lucrezia Borgia by Doni-
zetti ; there is a Prologue and 2 Acts ; the music is
very beautiful, and the story a dreadful tragedy.
Grisi looked beautiful ; and sang and acted beauti-
fully as Lucrezia Borgia ; Tamburini, as the Duke,
sang very well ; and Ernesta Grisi, very nicely as
Orsini. The part of Gennaro was acted by Mario,
whose real name is the Marquis di Candia, a gentle-
man who has taken to the Stage ; his voice is very
204 SECRECY IN VOTING [/EX. 20
fine and full of feeling, of course not Rubini l ; he is
tall, quite young, and handsome. This was followed
by a beautiful Ballet called La Gitana in 2 acts ;
Taglioni danced exquisitely ; a very pretty dance
with a tambourine ; then that peculiar and pretty
Russian dance she danced last year, and which I
regret so the Grand-Duke has not seen ; and a Pas
de Trois. We did not stay quite to the end, and
came home at a little after 12, much delighted.
Monday, 10th June. I asked Lord M. what the
difference of the Ballot was ; that it is done in secret ;
everybody votes in secret, Lord M. said, and now,
everybody knows who votes and for whom they vote ;
they think, he continued, the Ballot would prevent
Landlords from turning out their Tenants, because
they couldn't know who had voted. I asked Lord
M. did he think it would have that effect. " / very
much doubt myself whether it would," said Lord
M. " Now, everything is certainty, and then it
would be uncertainty " ; and he said there would be
great fraud exercised in carrying it into execution ;
because, if a person asks a man, For whom are you
going to vote ? he answers, I can't say ; then the
other says, Oh ! I know you are going to vote
against me ; upon which the man says, Oh ! no ;
thereby telling a falsehood, very probably ; and
Lord M. continued, you can't then win any election,
because you don't know who voted. At the same
time, in the other way, the system of oppression and
intimidation was very hard, people losing all their
customers one way or another ; " therefore I don't
wonder at their wishing to try it," he said. I ob-
served that the 2 brothers, the Duke of W. and Lord
1 This opinion was not that of the majority. Mario was generally
thought superior in every way as a singer and actor to Rubini.
1839] FEELINGS OF IRRITATION 205
Cowley, were so unlike. " None of the Wellesleys
are alike," said Lord M. 1 . . .
Wednesday, 12th June. I asked Lord M. if he
didn't think me very much changed, and much more
silent than I used to be. " You are more silent to-
night," he said, " but everybody is more silent
sometimes ; no mortal can always be in the same
temper, and then if they are out of humour them-
selves, they may show it to others. You shouldn't
give way too much to personal dislikes," said Lord
M., and he alluded to the 2 ladies who every-
body knows hissed when I came up the course.
"Now, are you sure they did it?" he asked;
"quite sure." "They did it at me," he said;
" that was just the same," I replied, and that I
knew they did it at me also. " I heard it," he
said, " some of the women told me." I said I had
every reason to be very angry with Peel. "You
both say just the same," said Lord M., " he says, * I
feel I can never be the Queen's Minister,' and you
say he never can be your Minister." I said that
was so. " It's very odd that two such interviews
should have produced so much irritation," said Lord
M. He asked if I liked Stanley ; a little better, but
Graham not at all. I said I couldn't conceal my
feelings, and couldn't deceive a man ; that it might
get me into a good many scrapes, but that I couldn't
help speaking up my feelings. " Well, / should
appreciate that," said Lord M., "but everybody
not does like that." Lord M. continued, that when
he came in again in '35, which was exceedingly dis-
agreeable for the King, "I said to him I hoped he
1 There were four Welles ley brothers raised to the peerage, Mar-
quess Wellesley, Lord Maryborough, Duke of Wellington, Lord Cowley.
The first two successively inherited the Mornington title.
206 LORD MELBOURNE'S GOVERNESS [^.20
would give me his confidence, and he answered,
' Good God ! I wouldn't have sent for you if I
didn't mean to do so.' " I said to Lord M., when
Peel asked me for, or said he hoped I would give
him, my confidence, I gave no answer ; Lord M. said
Esterhazy had told him Peel was moderate. Why
should I, I said, mind what was said? "I don't
think you should," he said ; and I continued that
people always made too much of women and that
they influenced people. " I dare say they do," he
said laughing ; " but they don't influence me ; do
you think I talk to them too much ? " I said he
listened to them too much. " Do I ? better not
to talk to them at all ? Then one would hear
nothing ; but I don't talk to them near as much
as I used to do," he added laughing. . . .
Friday, I4sth June. Lord M. thinks a boy should
leave a Nurse at 4, but he agrees with me that a boy
had better have a Governess and not a Tutor till 7.
I asked him who had he to take care of him till he
went to the Private Tutor's when he was 7. " An
old woman who had been my Mother's governess,"
he replied. " She taught me to read ; she was a
Jersey woman, a most ill-tempered old woman " ;
which I said was very disagreeable. " I think it
did me good," he continued ; " kept one in fear ; /
detested her ; my Mother adored her, from having
been her governess ; she was a sort of Bonne ; she
married a Swiss clergyman, a M. Bignon, a very
gentlemanlike man ; he travelled with my eldest
brother ; he died in my father's family, he was ill,
had an operation performed, and died ; he was very
much of a gentleman. I was very fond of him ; he
lived downstairs with the Family ; she did not ;
people could do that formerly, it can't be arranged
1839] QUESTIONS OF TRAVEL 207
now ; she lived in the house till she made so much
disturbance that they were obliged to put her out.
Talked of my having given up my curls (I had
plaits), which Lord M. was glad of ; though he said
curls looked very well. . . .
Sunday, I6th June. Talked of my Relations
having gone, and my liking to live with young
people, for that then I felt that / was young, which
I really often forgot, living so much, if not entirely,
with people much older than myself. Talked of my
Uncle's asking me if I intended to travel this year ;
and we then talked for some time about it, I stating
very strongly my great dislike to doing so. Lord
M. said at first, " You must do it one day ; there's
no need of doing it now." " You should go to
Scotland and Ireland ; it would be an immense thing
if you could go to Ireland " ; though he owned the
dreadful trouble and fatigue it would be.
Monday, 17 'th June. I went and fetched Lord
Melbourne Uncle Leopold's letter, in which he talks
of my Cousins, Ernest and Albert, coming to see me,
and Lord M. said, " You wish them to come ? "
which I said I did, and he saw no objection. When
Lord M. had finished the letter, he said, " As you
say, it is rather stiff ; he says nothing about him-
self." Talked of my having spoken to Palmerston
about a Grand-Duchess for Ernest. Talked of mak-
ing the Throne-room one of the Ball-rooms ; Lord
M. was going to ride down to the House of Lords.
I showed Lord M. the sketch of my letter to the
Grand-Duke, which touched him, and he said, " That
will do very well indeed ; ought you to say bonne
sceur ? ' I said he wrote bon frdre, and Lord M.
agreed / could do no less. Talked also of there
having been such a dreadful piece of work with
208 THE QUEEN'S DISLIKES [* T .20
these two Ladies, who had come quite frantic to
Uxbridge, who stopped in the Yard here, denying
they had ever done such a thing, and wishing to see
me about it, which we agreed never would do.
Tuesday, 18th June. Talked of the rooms ; if I
had ever asked Brougham, which I said I couldn't,
as he was really too bad ; Lyndhurst I had asked ;
he wasn't quite so bad, I said, though I disliked him
very much. Why ? he asked. Because he was a
bad man. " Do you dislike all bad men ? " said
Lord M., " for that comprises a large number."
Lord M. continued that he was a very agreeable
man, which I denied. Talked of Aberdeen, who I
also disliked. 1
Wednesday, I9th June. Lord M. asked if I had
heard from J. Russell, and I went and fetched him
the note I had received from J. R. about the Motion
on the Ballot; 17 Majority against. At this
moment Lord M. received a note from Lord Palmer-
ston about some papers, which Lord M. was to
have sent to him, and he had sent the wrong ones ;
Lord M. was obliged to answer it directly, and I got
him paper and pens and ink, and a candle and
sealing wax ; and he wrote it, sealed it and sent
it. Lord M. then asked, " What did Uxbridge
write ? " to the Duchess ; that I was satisfied, I
replied. " But the Duke is not at all satisfied with
it," said Lord M., and that he (the Duke) had been
with him this morning, and wanted to ask for an
audience, which we both agreed never would do ;
and Lord M. said he would write a letter to him,
which he would send for my approval. " The
1 The Queen subsequently showered favours upon Lord Aberdeen.
He lived in the Ranger's House at Blackheath, given to him by her,
and she lamented his death in very moving terms. See ante, p. 170.
1830] DR. KAY ON TREATING THE POOR 209
Duchess is coming to the Drawing-room to-morrow,"
he said, " you won't be markedly unfriendly to her ?"
I replied, certainly not, and that I had never spoken
to her. We both, and / particularly, suspect that
they did do it. He said these ladies deny having
hissed at all ; Lord M. said that they couldn't
sometimes restrain their feelings ; the Duke said
that the ladies said to Cantelupe, u We should
like to hiss Lord M.," but that they didn't. Now
the admission of this comes near the act, and the
telling it to Lord M. I ! " The Duke said it's so
unladylike," continued Lord M., " so I said, If you
mean by unladylike, that it is unlike what a lady
ought to do, I quite agree with you, but if you mean
that it is unlike what ladies do do, I cannot agree
with you." Lord M. said that Dr. Kay 1 had told
him it was extraordinary how the appearance of
poor children changed when their education was
more attended to ; that the system of educa-
tion hitherto pursued was all wrong, and " that
we were all in the wrong box ; he filled me with
despair," he says that the system of mutual in-
struction has done no good, and that " it only
strengthens the memory." Lord M. sent for this
Dr. Kay, as he is the principal person about this
new system. " If you will only let them alone and
not be always intermeddling with them," he con-
tinued. " Walter Scott said to a clergyman whom
he was writing to, * How would you like, if a
nobleman was to come into your house and teach
you how to make your beef-steak into a ragout ? ' "
Lord M. said that he would have them taught
1 Afterwards Sir James Kay-Shuttleworth. He was an Assistant
Poor Law Commissioner, and on the formation of the Committee of
the Privy Council on Education became its first secretary.
210 ANNIVERSARY OF ACCESSION DAY [*T.20
to read and write, arithmetic and the first ele-
ments of mathematics ; and he said that formerly
he observed that a great number came away from
school very ignorant, a few tolerably instructed, and
only two or three very well informed. Talked of
gardeners, and Lord Melbourne's being such an ex-
cellent one ; he says he is a great dissenter, and his
father also. " Great thing to have a dissenter ; they
don't go to races, they don't hunt, and don't engage
in any expensive amusements." Lord M. said, " Fve
very bitter resentments " ; which I wouldn't be-
lieve. He said the way the women behaved during
the Reform Bill was quite dreadful ; the license they
gave themselves, calling people liars, and that in
general " men are less measured in their expressions
than women, but when women once take to strong
expressions they are much worse " which is true.
" They said," he added laughing, " ' Now let us have
a hiss at that blackguard Melbourne ' " ! ! ! which
brought the colour to my face.
Thursday, 20th June. Got up at 10 and break-
fasted at \ p. This day 2 years I came to the
Throne. It seems much longer, and shorter, both.
At p. 10 I went with Mary, Lady Normanby, the
Maids of Honour, Lady C. Barrington, Lord Ux-
bridge, Lord Albemarle, and the Lord, Groom, and
Equerry, to Lord Westminster's. Lord Melbourne
arrived just as I did, and followed me in ; Lord and
Lady Westminster received me. After remaining a
little while in the Picture Gallery (which is a splendid
room with magnificent Rubens's in it), when Lord
Melbourne came up to me for a moment, we went
into the Tent, which was arranged for dancing and
which looked beautiful, and dancing began. I
danced the 1st quadrille with the Grand-Duke of
1839] LADY WESTMINSTER'S BALL 211
Weimar ; this was followed by a Valse ; I made
Lord Melbourne come up the steps to me while they
were valsing ; talked of the Tent being so hand-
some. He went away while I was dancing the 2nd
quadrille with Lord Wilton ; then came a Valse,
then I danced with Lord Robert Grosvenor ; an-
other Valse followed, and after that I danced with
Lord Bruce ; which was again followed by a Valse.
I sat chiefly near Lady Westminster. Lady Sey-
mour was looking quite beautiful and was twice my
vis-a-vis during the evening. Lady Ashley was also
in great beauty. At 1 we went to supper; I sat
between Lord and Lady Westminster, who were
very kind. We then returned to the Tent; and I
danced 2 more quadrilles, with Count Valentine
Esterhazy (who is very agreeable, and to the button
of whose sleeve I clung with my blonde sleeve) and
with Prince Doria (who is handsome but tiresome) ;
then followed a long Country Dance which I danced
with Lord March. Lady Seymour sat near me a
little while during the evening ; also Augusta, and
the Duchess of Bedford; Lord Westminster danced
with the Duchess of Somerset. 1 This finished the
Ball and I came home at p. 3. It was so gay
and pretty and I enjoyed myself excessively. I
was in bed by 4. Heard as I came away that we
had had a Majority of 5 on this Education Question.
Friday, 2lst June. Lord M. made me laugh
very much by telling me what a row Lord Win-
chilsea had made at Exeter Hall ; there was a Meet-
ing against this new Education System, 2 and people
1 Lord Westminster was seventy-two. The Duchess, a daughter
of Sir Michael Shaw Stewart, had married the eleventh Duke of
Somerset, as his second wife, in 1836. She died in 1880.
8 The Government scheme proposed that a Committee of the Privy
212 LORD WINCHILSEA'S FIGHT t^x.ao
were only to be let in by tickets, but some others got
in, and they put a Mr. Savage into the Chair, and
Lord Winchilsea knocked him down and he was
put in ; and then Winchilsea was knocked down
by Savage's friends, and they came to a regular
fight ; upon which Police Men were called in, who
with difficulty restrained them and took some
prisoners. Winchilsea then got up and made a
speech, and said it had arisen from a mistake and
they might let the prisoners go. Talked of Lord
Westminster's having danced with the Duchess of
Somerset. Talked of Mr. Webster, 1 the American,
who has come over and who Lord M. saw in the
House of Lords ; and who was surprised at the
House of Lords, which, Lord M. says, is " the
most democratic Assembly in the World." Talked
of the Tournament Lord Eglinton is going to have ;
of the danger of it ; of Lady Seymour being chosen
" Queen of the Lists." . . .
Saturday, 29th June. Talked of the report of the
Grand-Duke's 2 intending to marry the Princess Mary 8
of Darmstadt, who is only 15, which it seems he
wished but Orloff stopped on account of her being
in bad health. Lord M. says they'll marry him soon,
though I doubted his liking to do so. His father did,
and thought it right to do so ; " and he has con-
Council (the Lord President and five others) be appointed to establish
a normal school, directed at four objects Religious Instruction, General
Education, Moral Training, and Commercial Instruction. The Com-
mittee should also allocate the grants made by Parliament. The
Opposition condemned the scheme as irreligious.
1 Daniel Webster, afterwards twice Secretary of State in the Federal
Government.
2 Afterwards Alexander II. of Russia.
3 The Princess ultimately married Alexander II., and was the mother
of the Duchess Marie of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Duchess of Edinburgh.
1839J LADY CLANRICARDE ON RUSSIA 218
ducted himself very correctly ever since," said Lord
M. ; " it's a very extraordinary thing for a man with
supreme power, and in a country not very scrupu-
lous, to have conducted himself so correctly ; very
few men would do that." . i *
Wednesday, 3rd July. Saw Lord Uxbridge ;
Lady Clanricarde (who was very interesting about
Russia) and the Duchess of Sutherland with all her
children but Stafford. 1 Elizabeth 2 is lovely ; Evelyn 3
an immense girl ; Constance 4 lovely ; and little
Frederic 5 much improved. The Duchess looked pale
and low ; she brought me some beautiful pink coral
I had ordered from Naples, and some other little
trifles she gave me, which she had brought from
Naples.
Told Lord M. I had seen Lady Clanricarde, who
had given me many accounts about Russia ; Lord
M. said he hoped she wouldn't talk too much, for
else that would be written back. " I hear she told
Palmerston that she couldn't understand how any-
body could be afraid of him " (the Emperor). I
said that she told me the Grand-Duchess Olga 6 was
the most beautiful person she had ever seen, quite
like an angel; the Grand-Duchess Mary also very
handsome, the great favourite, and manages the
Emperor quite like a Toy ; that really the Emperor
wishes to keep her in Russia and therefore had con-
1 Afterwards third Duke of Sutherland.
2 Afterwards Duchess of Argyll.
3 Afterwards Lady Blantyre.
4 Afterwards Duchess of Westminster.
6 Lord Frederick Leveson-Gower, at this time aged six, was
afterwards an officer in the Rifle Brigade, and died in the Crimea in
1854.
The Grand-Duchess Olga afterwards married the King of
Wurtemberg.
1115
214 LORD MELBOURNE'S SERVANTS t*T.2o
sented to the marriage; that she was desperately
in love with the Duke of Leuchtenberg, 1 which
surprised her; then that the Grand-Duke was not
the favourite, and that the Emperor was jealous
of him, which Lord M. said people generally were
of their Heirs. I said that she also told me
that neither the Empress or any lady were ever
allowed to talk Politics which I said to Lord M.
I thought a very good thing. " Did you tell her
that ? " asked Lord M. laughing ; which I replied I
could not have done, as that would have aimed at
her too much. Talked of Lord M.'s groom, and his
not taking as much care of the horses as he ought.
" He doesn't take very brilliant care of them," Lord
M. said. " He's got a troublesome wife who always
tries to get into the stables, which I don't allow." I
said, didn't the grooms' wives generally live in the
Stables ? " Yes, but she quarrels so," he replied,
" and whenever a woman quarrels in the house, I
always say, shove her out directly." I asked, had
he had her shoved out ? "I have ordered her out."
We talked of the very splendid fruit which Lord M.
has, for I never saw such magnificent pines, and he
is always sending me such quantities ; I said to him
I thought he had the finest fruit I ever saw. " I
begin to think I have," he replied. He said his
former gardener was now his steward ; his son is
Lord M.'s gardener, and Lord M. says a better one
than the father. When they tell the father that his
sons are surpassing him, and were cleverer, Lord M.
said, he says, " I hope they are ; I've taught them
all I know, and they have learnt something them-
selves besides." . . .
Tuesday, 9th July. There were two plates full
1 She married Duke Maximilian of Leuchtenberg on 14th July, 1839.
1839] VISITS OF RELATIONS 215
of the most magnificent peaches I ever saw, which
Lord M. was so kind as to send me. There never
was such fruit as he has got ; he got 100 of these
peaches in the morning, and had sent some very
fine ones to Lord Holland, he said, also. . . -.
Thursday, llth July. Talked of the Commander
of the Lightning who took Uncle and Charles to
Lisbon, and who they were anxious to get something
for ; he has been 25 years a Lieutenant and has 5
children. " Oh ! 25 years, that's nothing ; many
have been for 50 years," said Lord M., " and the 5
children, that's his own doing."
Talked of my being so silent, which I thought
wrong and uncivil, as I hated it in others. " Silence
is a good thing," said Lord M., " if you have nothing
to say." I said I hated it in others, and that it
annoyed me when he was silent. " I'm afraid I'm
so sometimes," he said, " won't say a word." Yes,
I said, that nothing could be got out of him some-
times. " And that you dislike ? " he said. Yes,
I said, it made me unhappy, which made him
laugh.
Friday, 12th July. Talked of my fearing that
too many of my relations had come over this year,
which Lord M. didn't think, and said there had been
no remarks made about it. Talked of my Cousins
Ernest and Albert coming over, my having no
great wish to see Albert, as the whole subject was
an odious one, and one which I hated to decide
about ; there was no engagement between us, I said,
but that the young man was aware that there was
the possibility of such a union ; I said it wasn't
right to keep him on, and not right to decide before
they came ; and Lord M. said I should make them
distinctly understand anyhow that I couldn't do
216 CONCERNING GARDENS c^x.20
anything for a year ; I said it was disagreeable for
me to see him though, and a disagreeable thing.
"It's very disagreeable," Lord M. said. I begged
him to say nothing about it to anybody, or to answer
questions about it, as it would be very disagreeable
to me if other people knew it. Lord M. I didn't
mind, as I told him everything. Talked of Albert's
being younger. " I don't know that that signifies,"
said Lord M. "I don't know what the impression
would be," he continued, " there's no anxiety for
it; I expected there would be." I said better wait
till impatience was shown. " Certainly better wait
for a year or two," he said ; " it's a very serious
question." I said I wished if possible never to
marry. " I don't know about that" he replied. . . .
Sunday, \&ih July. Talked of the foliage being in
beauty, and I said neither the lime blossoms or the
flowers smelt hardly at all in this garden ; Lord M.
wouldn't believe it, and said, " Everything does
better in London ; London beats the country hollow
in flowers." Talked of the garden being, as I said,
very dull ; " All gardens are dull," said Lord M.,
" a garden is a dull thing." Talked of the garden in
St. James's Park, and Lord M. said there was a great
piece of work about the old Swan being killed, in
consequence of their having brought in too many
other swans ; this swan was called Old Jack, and
had been hatched in the year '70 ! ! " They are
very angry with me," said Lord M. I asked why ;
" Because I didn't see that it was taken care of." . . .
Wednesday, 17th July. Lord M. said, " J. Russell
is very anxious in these arrangements that he should
get the Colonies," for that he felt in the House of
Commons, when he had to speak so much about
them, it made it difficult for him, without having
1839] MINISTERIAL CHANGES 217
them ; but would Normanby give up the Colonies ?
Lord M. replied he rather wished to do so ; " he
feels the Colonies are too much for him ; but it
will never do to put Normanby there." I asked what
could they do ? Put Minto in the Home Office, he
said, and Normanby at the Admiralty. " It re-
quires somebody in the Home Office who can be
respected, and whom the Tory Lord Lieutenants
can have confidence in," Lord M. said. It was not
necessary for the Secretary of the Home Office to
be Leader of the House of Commons ; for he, himself,
was in the H.O. This Lord M. said some little time
before. " Now, they have no confidence in Nor-
manby," he continued ; " they have no confidence
in his probity, they know he is a Radical ; they
don't like John Russell, but they have confidence
in him ; they know he is a man of honour." Lord M.
fears Normanby wishes to be in the Home Office, as
it would raise him and give him power over Ireland,
and be a blow against his enemies ; but as he has
not managed the Criminal part well in Ireland, " they
would put their finger upon that." Lord Melbourne,
Lord Albemarle, Lord Byron, Lord Surrey, Mr.
Macaulay, and Mr. Rice dined here. Lord Mel-
bourne led me in. I expressed surprise at seeing Mr.
Macaulay so short ; I had expected him tall. After
dinner, when Lord Melbourne came up to me, I
talked of the heat and being tired, of what I should
say to Mr. Macaulay. 1 " Oh ! ask him about India
and Auckland." Talked of the Play of Henry V.
;t It's a spirited play," said Lord M. Too much of
the Welshman, I said. " But that's thought very
1 Macaulay had been a member of the Supreme Indian Council
in Calcutta, 1834-8. He became Secretary at War this year. See
ante, p. 8.
1115*
218 HENRY VIII.'S WIVES [r.20
clever," he replied. The broken French of Catherine
at the end, I thought absurd, in which Lord M.
agreed. Henry V., he said, wrote in French. I
talked to Mr. Macaulay, who had to be presented.
We were seated much as usual, Lord Melbourne
sitting near me. Talked of Macaulay's being so
frightened, and of our having such power abroad,
and people looking at us for everything. Talked of
the Elsslers, and the Ballets Lord M. saw formerly.
Talked of the fate of Edward II. and Richard II.
being so alike, and so uncertain ; the one by his
wife's connivance. Talked of Edward III.'s seven
sons ; of Henry VI.'s widow marrying Owen Tudor,
who was illegitimately descended from John of
Gaunt. " They didn't mind what a Queen Dowager
did then," Lord M. said ; " they seldom returned."
Anne of Cleves for instance lived and died here.
Talked of Henry VIII. behaving very ill to her ; he
called her " a Flanders mare " ; of his using his
other wives so ill ; Jane Seymour, I said, narrowly
escaped being beheaded. " Oh ! no, he was very
fond of her," said Lord M., which I denied. " She
died in child-bed when Edward VI. was born."
And poor Catherine of Aragon he ill-used, I said ;
" He got tired of her," said Lord M., " she was a sad,
groaning, moaning woman," which made me laugh.
" She had always an idea that her marriage was
formed in blood," he said, on account of the poor
Earl of Warwick's death, which always hung upon
her mind. Talked of Catherine Parr's narrowly
escaping death. Lord M. said, " He got to be dread-
fully tyrannical ; when he began he had every sort
of good feeling." Talked of Mary. "She was
dreadfully bigoted, she would have sacrificed every-
thing to her religion," he said. Talked of her cruelty
1839] MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS 219
her having poor Jane Grey, her own cousin,
executed. Talked of her (J. Grey's) sister who died
in prison, and whom Queen Elizabeth ill-treated
because she married somebody without her leave.
" Oh ! she was dreadfully tyrannical," said Lord
M., " just like her father ; very stern ; she was a
Roman Catholic in fact, except the supremacy of
the Pope ; that she would never submit to." Talked
of poor Mary of Scots' execution, which M. said
Elizabeth delayed too long, for that her Ministers
had been urging it. " When she signed it," said
Lord M., " she said, * I know Lord Walsingham will
die of grief when he hears it ' ; it wasn't right of her
to joke at such a moment." Talked of poor Mary.
" She was a bad woman," said Lord M., " she was
a silly, idle, coquettish French girl." I pitied her ;
talked of Darnley's brutality about Rizzio ; Lord
M. fears there's no doubt about her being aware of
the intention of murdering Darnley ; talked of her
unhappiness, and the roughness of the Scotch towards
her ; of her brother Moray, whom Lord M. admires.
" Macaulay says," said Lord M., " no Christian
Prince ever mourned for a Mahommedan ; and
Mahommedans never wear mourning ; they take off
their turbans and put ashes on their heads, but
never change their garb." " I was speaking to
Palmerston about Peel the other day, and he said,"
continued Lord M., " ' The Queen would have liked
Peel better when she knew him ' ; he says that he is
much the best of them, that he is a very fair man ;
that he is not a very high-minded man, and has shown
himself less so than he thought he had been." l . . .
1 The Prince Consort thought Peel the most " high-minded "
Englishman then in the service of the State. His view is not contra-
vened by what has subsequently come to light in reference to Peel.
220 THE QUEEN DOWAGER t^x 20
Wednesday, 24<th July. I said to Lord M., Tor-
rington told me, and several regretted so, that Lord
M. called Brougham " his noble friend " in the House,
as he always behaved so infamously to Lord M. ;
Lord M. smiled and said he didn't like not to do so,
and thought it was only courtesy ; but he usen't
before, I observed. " No," he said, " but when he
began," Lord M. didn't like not to do so. ...
Friday, 26th July. At J p. 7 I went into the
drawing-room, and received the Queen Dowager
and then the Empress l ; the Queen Dowager was
quite shocked at the idea of going in before me, but
I insisted on it. The Empress looked handsome ;
those beautiful expressive blue eyes look so hand-
some, and she has such a pretty, tall figure. The
Duke of Sussex went in first with her ; then came
Baron Moncorvo with the Queen Dowager, I following
with Lord Conyngham. It must have been, I fear, a
severe trial for the Queen, seeing all the same servants
and the same plate, but she behaved perfectly.
Saturday, 27th July. " Party went off well ? " he
asked. I replied Yes, but that a Concert always
dragged, as people couldn't and mustn't talk. " You
say the Queen Dowager was rather affected," he
said, (I wrote to him last night,) " the same plate,
the same servants," he observed (quite touched). I
said I had great difficulty in persuading her to go
before me, for that she said that really was too
wrong, that she couldn't think of doing it, but I
forced her to do it ; she said to me, " I must obey."
" I was sure she wouldn't like that," said Lord M.
with tears in his eyes, and he was also much affected
when I told him that she said she felt kind intentions.
1 The Duchess of Braganza (ex-Empress of Brazil), step-mother of
Queen Dona Maria. See ante, Vol. I., p. 86.
1839] MELBOURNE AND LADY HOLLAND 221
Talked of my fearing to go to Windsor this year ;
of my getting tired of the place ; of George III.
living almost always at Windsor, hunting 6 times a
week, which Lord M. thinks he did till 1800 ; cer-
tainly after his 1st illness in 1788. Talked of Lady
Tankerville, 1 and he said, " She is a frivolous little
woman who doesn't know what she is about ; I have
known her all my life." Lord and Lady Holland
going there; Stockmar, I said, disliked Lord M.'s
going to Lady Holland, as he thought she made
Lord M. tell her so much. " Well, that may be
true," he said, which I said was very wrong of Lord
M. " But I don't think I do," he said. Holland
tells her all that goes on in the Cabinet, which we
agreed was very wrong. . . .
Tuesday, 30th July. Talked of my being kept so
long in London, which when the Opera was over, I
should dislike, as I hated not going out, and staying
at home every day ; but Lord M. said in the country
I must stay at home ; then I submitted, I said. He
said I might go out more next year. I said I felt
tired ; Lord M. asked why ; I didn't know, but that
I certainly was tired. Lord M. said, Affairs were
not in a very pleasant state. At a little after 7 we
dined ; and at near J p. 8 I went to the Opera with
all but dearest Daisy, Lady Charlotte, and Mr. Murray.
It was again Norma, and oh ! more splendid than
before. Grisi was perfection ; it really is quite a
treat to see and hear her ; Mario too so delightful ;
alas ! his and Normals last night, for he went away
last night to Paris, and this charming opera can't
be performed any more.
1 Corisande, daughter of Antoine, Due de Gramont. She may
have been frivolous, but she possessed undoubted charm, and wrote
delightful letters in very pure French. See Vol. I., p. 72.
222 SIR F. GRANT'S PICTURE [*x.20
Wednesday, 31st July. At 5 I went downstairs
with Lehzen and Matilda to the Equerries' room,
where Lord Melbourne was sitting to Grant l (since
a J p. 4) on that wooden horse without head or tail,
looking so funny, his white hat on, an umbrella in
lieu of a stick in one hand, and holding the reins
which were fastened to the steps in the other ; he
sat there so patiently and kindly, doing just what
he was told 2 ; but, as Grant said, he is not easy to
paint, for he either looks grave and absorbed, or
laughs and goes into the other extreme ; he is
always changing his countenance ; I was so amused.
Grant kept telling him, " Now Lord Melbourne, hold
your head in the right position," for he kept look-
ing at Islay and trying to touch him with his um-
brella ; and then, " Now sit up, Lord Melbourne."
Grant has got him so like ; it is such a happiness for
me to have that dear kind friend's face, which I do
like and admire so, so like ; his face, his expression,
his air, his white hat, and his cravat, waistcoat and
coat, all just as he wears it. He has got Conyng-
ham in also very like ; and Uxbridge, George Byng,
and old Quentin ludicrously like. I remained 20
minutes in the room ; and I believe Lord Melbourne
sat till near 6.
Talked of the news from India, of Sir C. Metcalfe,
his being so odd-looking ; his being quite tired, as
Lord M. said, of one year in the Oak Plantations at
Fern Hill ; 3 Lord M. told Lady Normanby (who has
taken an unjust dislike to Sir C. Metcalfe on account
1 Sir Francis Grant, elected P.R.A. in 1866.
2 The sitting was for a picture which now hangs in the corridor
at Windsor. The Queen is shewn riding out from the Castle accom-
panied by her Court.
8 A place at Cranbourne, on the outskirts of Windsor Forest.
1839] EX-EMPRESS OF BRAZIL 223
of his ugliness) that he went from Eton to India,
and got to be Governor- General ; Lady Normanby
observed, only ad interim. " But he was Governor-
General," said Lord M. Talked of these famous
Musk Melons which they have in Kandahar, and
which he wishes to get some of. " We never were in
Kandahar before," he said, " we are in it now."
Talked of the Empress, 1 and her Cousin Louis
Napoleon, who, Lord M. said, " has a good many
friends" and "is living very quietly." 2 Talked of
the Empress's child, of the numbers of relations the
Empress has ; of her being such a nice person and
my liking her so much. " She's a very nice person,"
said Lord M., " a very fascinating manner." Talked
of our fearing the Harvest would suffer from this
weather ; of the beautiful pictures in the Gallery
here, for some time ; of their being all Dutch, which
we agreed was a low style ; our preferring the Italian
Masters. " There is nothing like the Italian style,"
said Lord M. Of my wishing in time to buy some
Italian pictures, which he said I might. Talked of
Lord M.'s having had his umbrella in the room, and
I said he always took it about with him. He replied
laughing, " You should never quit your umbrella
when it rains." What use was it in a close car-
riage ? I said. " Might be upset," he said, " I
might want to get out ; suppose I might be stopped
and put out of the carriage, which may happen one
of these days, at least leave me the umbrella to
go on with," he said laughing so much himself and
making us all laugh too. Talked of where Lord M.
had been reading about the lean and fat kine. " It's
Joseph's dream," he said, and as he was thinking
1 Ex-Empress of Brazil. See ante, p. 220.
2 He was living at this time in London, in Carlton Gardens.
224 TURKEY AND EGYPT t^x.2o
of famine, he read it. I thought it difficult, which
he does not. " All the history of Abraham is very
beautiful and very clear," he said ; " it's the history
of an Arabian Tribe." The Prophets, he agreed,
were very difficult. . . .
Saturday, 3rd August. He asked if I had heard
the news from Alexandria from Palmerston ; I re-
plied none except those which he had written me in
the morning (which were that " The Capitan Pasha
had taken the Turkish Fleet to Alexandria, 1 and
Mehemet Ali says that he will not give it up to the
Sultan until he dismisses the Grand Vizier and
acknowledges the hereditary right of the Pasha to
the countries which he at present governs. This is
to make the Sultan his subject and his Vassal.")
What could make him do it ? I asked. " He dis-
agreed with the Vizier," said Lord M. " Stopford
is to be written to, to force him to give back the
Fleet." Talked of there being so few marriages ; I
named 4, and mentioned March's paying great at-
tention to Sarah Mary. Lord M. observed he was
too young, and said, " A man shouldn't marry
before 30." He did at 26, I observed. "Yes,"
he replied, " I wasn't fit to be married ; a man
oughtn't to marry before he can lead the life of
a married man ; I was always ashamed of it." I
said a man might be fit before 30, and a man
needn't marry. "No," he said, "but you don't
1 War had been declared between the Viceroy and the Porte, but
the Turkish Admiral, Achmet, under whose command the fleet had been
despatched to Syria, treacherously sailed to Alexandria, and the
Ottoman troops under Hafiz in Egypt were severely defeated. On
1st July the Sultan Mahmoud II. died after a reign of thirty years, and
was succeeded by his son, Abdul Medjid, a youth of seventeen.
Admiral Sir Robert Stopford commanded the British fleet. The
French fleet was under Admiral Lalande. See post, p. 257.
1839] CONCERNING TEACHING 225
marry out of reason ; you marry because you fall
in love."
Sunday, 4>th August. Talked before this of one's
disliking things which one had been made to learn
by heart when a child ; and Lord M. talked of its
being unnecessary that a child should understand
what it learnt. " I don't mind their pottering about
explaining things." I said I thought they should
always understand. " Then you would teach them
nothing at all," he continued, " if you only taught
them what they understand." But if they asked ?
I said. " Oh ! if they ask," he said, " then I would
explain." But I said nothing I hated so much as
explaining anything to a child. " Now that I must
say is very wrong," said Lord M., and when I ob-
served that one often did not know what to say to
them, he said, " It doesn't do to show ignorance,
you must explain it in some sort of way." Talked
of Governesses, and the English ones generally being
so bad, and he said, " Emily was very unfortunate ;
I really think they " (Lady Ashley and Lady Fanny)
" are the two best brought up girls in England,
but their education was shocking." Talked of the
Pagets being so well brought up. I observed Lord
M. had the new glasses again, which are of ebony
inlaid with gold, and which he has had some months ;
I thought some years, as there is W. L. upon one
side. " The person who gave them to me had that
done," he said ; " I don't know why that was put."
He thinks them " very pretty," but I told him I
preferred the old ones, as these did not look like
him.
Tuesday, 6th August. Talked of Uncle Leopold ;
my Cousins Ernest and Albert's coming, which we
agreed would create observation. Lord M. said
226 CONCERNING MARRIAGE [*r.20
there had been a paragraph about it the other day in
one of the papers, which the Editor of the Observer
sent to him, asking Lord M. if he should contradict
it. " I told them they had better not contradict
it ; I thought it better not," he said. I repeated
to him that he had said he did not like the connec-
tion ; he laughed, and hesitated to say anything,
but upon my urging it, he said, " I don't like it
very much." But he agreed with me, a great deal
depended upon what sort of person he was ; and I
said much as I loved my Country, and was ready to
do what was for its good, still I thought my own
liking was one of the principal things. " I think
you have a right to expect that," he said. " It's
a very difficult subject ; I don't think a foreign
Prince would be popular." But I said I couldn't
and wouldn't like to marry a subject, and what-
ever family he belonged to, Lord M. said, they
would be the object of jealousy. " No, I don't
think it would do," he added. I said I heard
Albert's praises on all sides, and that he was very
handsome.
Wednesday, 7th August. When I returned from
the Opera at a J p. 12, I found a box from Lord
Melbourne containing the following intelligence :
" Lord Brougham spoke for 3 hours and a J, as usual
a most powerful, and also as usual a most violent
and acrimonious speech. 1 Violent against Normanby,
1 Brougham was exasperated at not being asked to resume in 1835
the Lord Chancellorship, which he had held in Lord Grey's, and Lord
Melbourne's first, Administrations. He never forgave Melbourne,
and on 6th August, 1839, he attacked the Government for their ad-
ministration of the criminal law in Ireland. Lord Melbourne said that
a more inveterate and criminatory speech had never been heard in
that House. He moved the Previous Question, which, however, was
negatived. See Vol. I., p. 244.
1830] LORDS' DEBATE ON IRELAND 227
but still more violent against Sir Michael O'Logh-
len, at present Master of the Rolls and formerly
Attorney-General. Normanby is now replying and
the debate will probably be late. Lord Melbourne
apprehends that the Duke of Wellington will
vote for the resolutions and in that case they will
be carried." I wrote to Lord Melbourne asking
for more news, and sat up till a little after 1, when
I received the answer dated a to 1, in which he
says, " He " (Ld. M.) " has spoken and also Lord
Wharncliffe and Lord Plunket. Lord Roden is
now speaking ; there is no doubt that most of the
Opposition will vote for the resolutions and they
will of course be carried. It is as Your Majesty says,
very awkward." At a J to 9 this morning, my Maid
woke me, and brought me another box from Lord
Melbourne in which he says : " The House divided
at a little after 3 ; for the resolutions, 90, against,
53." I went to sleep again and got up at a J p. 10.
Wrote to Lord Melbourne ; breakfasted at near 11.
At 20 m. p. 4 came Lord Melbourne and stayed with
me till 10 m. to 5. I asked if he wasn't very tired ;
" I'm better now," he replied, " I was very tired."
He only got to bed at 5, having had his dinner when
he came home at 4. I said that was very bad, which
made him laugh very much. " Must eat," he said.
He should eat before he went to the House, I told
him. " I've no appetite before a Debate." Talked
of Brougham having been very violent, and its having
lasted longer than Lord M. expected. " Normanby is
in a dreadful state," said Lord M. ; he had not spoken
to him at the Cabinet, but Duncannon told Lord M.
so. I said Lord M.'s speech was so fine that it must
have annoyed Brougham a good deal. " Very much,"
said Lord M. I asked how Normanby spoke ;
228 REPORTS OF SPEECHES [r.ao
" Pretty well," he replied, " he was very much
annoyed, and it was rather a difficult case, not very
tenable." I said Lord M.'s always read so well, and
asked if he didn't read them afterwards to see how
they were well reported. " Never look at them
afterwards," he replied laughing. I rode Pegasus,
a grey horse whom I had never been on before ; he
is very quiet and easy in his paces, but rather heavy
and not quite action enough. I rode between Col.
Buckley and Lord Headfort. We rode only in Hyde
Park ; it was a pleasant evening. At 8 we dined.
Lord Melbourne, Lord Surrey, Charles Howard and
William Cowper dined here. I asked what he had
had for his dinner this morning at 4 ; a pike, chicken,
peas, a raspberry tart, and a bottle of madeira, he
said, which quite surprised me. He told me in the
morning that he had slept till 12.
Talked of another Lord, and Lord M. said Dun-
cannon had mentioned Lord Lurgan, but that he didn't
think he would be the man for it. " He's a man of
great abilities," he said, "and of great oratorical
powers " ; and I added a good sort of man. " Very,"
said M., " he's an enthusiastic, excitable man."
Talked of Lord M.'s not looking over the reports of
his own speeches. " Never care about them after-
wards," he said ; " nothing I like less," he continued,
making a face of disgust, " than to read the report
of my own speeches ; it makes a bad publication."
. . . Talked of the Italian opera, which Lord M.
agreed could only be kept up by the Manager's
asking a great deal of money. " It has a very
factitious existence," he said ; he continued that it
was only introduced about 100 years ago, in Queen
Anne's reign, and that there was a terrible row about
it then. His ancestor, Mr. Coke, was Vice-Chamberlain,
1839] ITALIAN AND ENGLISH VOICES 229
and therefore, Lord M. said, he has a number of
papers relating to the commencement of it ; the
first singers were the Marguerite (who married
a Frenchman of the name of Le Pine), a Mrs.
Tofts, also an Italian by birth, Nicolini Hayimes
(a man) ; and he said the opera was half English,
half Italian, the Italians only singing in Italian.
Addison, who wrote very violently against the Italian
opera, said, " We are so tired of understanding
half, that better understand none of it, and have it all
in Italian." Talked of George III.'s love for Handel,
and my disliking him. Lord M. said so funnily,
" There are no good voices in England, no good
voce di petto," which I denied. " You should sing
from the chest, walk from the hip not from the
knee and ankle." He said the English voices being
all " Saxon nasal voices," that singing and speaking
was in fact the same thing, and that both could be
taught ; and that singing should be always taught.
" I've a great deal of latent music in me," he said,
which made us laugh much.
Thursday, 8th August. The Duchess of Suther-
land and her 2 daughters there. Talked of the
Duchess caring for Politics, that I could not bear
women mixing in Politics, and that I never talked
to my Ladies about them. "That's quite right," he
said ; and that I thought it very wrong in the
Ministers telling their wives everything, in which
Lord M. quite agreed, but said everybody told every-
thing to somebody. I never did, or wish to do so,
I said. "But that's very rare," he said.
Friday, 9th August. The Band played some of
my favourite Quadrilles during dinner, which I said
made me quite frantic when I heard them. " Those
Quadrilles are dangerous," said Lord M., " if they
n16
280 CONCERNING TREES C*T.2o
produce that effect on you." We had great fun
about the fir plantations at Windsor ; some were
set fire to, which Lord M. said was a very good thing,
as there were too many. " Everything works for
the best," said Lo/d M. in his funny way, " even
the worst intentions." Talked of the fir plantations
at Swinley, which Lord M. dislikes but which Lord
Duncannon said were in order to nurse up the young
oaks with firs. " I don't believe anything about
nursing up with firs," said Lord M. Lord Duncannon
laughed and said there was no doubt about it.
" There is no doubt, is there ? " replied Lord M.,
" / believe there is the greatest. If the oaks have
to be nursed up by firs," he continued, " I don't
think they are worth planting at all ; nobody knows
so much about planting as I do and as my man does."
We laughed at this. Lord Melbourne when he came
in after dinner, asked Miss Anson very funnily about
her family, and when I asked him what he was saying,
he said, " You should always ask people about their
families, else you never know anything about them."
We talked for some time about the possibility of my
hearing a Debate in the House of Lords some day,
as I had been expressing my great wish to that effect
to Lord Duncannon at dinner, and he thought there
was the possibility of a grille being made in some
place, so that I could hear it without being seen.
Lord M. said, " It's a very serious question ; think if
it was known, of the allusions there would be made."
We all agreed that if it was known it never would
do ; but Lord Duncannon said I meant it not to be
known ; and that I could get down without its
being known. " I have much doubt about the
secrecy of a thing," said Lord M., which we denied;
he talked of there being no doubt whatever of the
1839] BUILDING IN HYDE PARK 231
Sovereign's having the right to go. If it were to be
known, he said, " Brougham would talk for half the
night." We then talked of this Church in Hyde
Park, to be built near the Cavalry Barracks, which
Lord M. did not see so great an objection to, as he
said it was a vile piece of ground ; but Lord D. said
great pains had been taken to open all that ground,
and therefore that it would never do to build it all
up again. Lord M. said, " Well then, you must
stick to that " and allow no other building to be put
there, " no playhouse " ! ! The difficulty in refusing
this Church is, that the King consented to it. Talked
of the trees in the Park, and Lord M. said, " I don't
like trees, I don't like trees in a town " ; and he
rather thought he should like the Park " a plain " ! !
Talked of the late King's strange ideas of archi-
tecture ; and Lord M. said, " He said that all pictures
of sacred subjects were improper and ought to be
destroyed " ! ! We talked about the garden here,
and Lord M. said he would make a large flower garden
on the lawn, and would cut down the elms and the
oaks and plant rare exotics. Talked of Brighton,
the impossibility of sailing there, the burden the
Pavilion was, and what to do with it. ...
Sunday, llth August. Talked of this Tournament
being such folly ; he understands there is a lady who
has paid 1,000 for 3 dresses; "Lady Seymour's is
only to cost 40, I was told to-day," he said. Talked
of old Mrs. Fox, 1 who is past 90, having a tooth taken
out which was quite sound. Talked of washing dogs
being a bad thing for their coats ; and washing the
hair being as he said a very bad thing, but which he
used to do formerly, and which he thinks makes
1 The widow of Charles James Fox. She died in 1842 in her 93rd
year.
232 PROPOSED ROYAL VISIT [*T.20
people bald. Losing the hair came from the vessels
of the skin not being in good order, he said. "I
think a man looks better without hair than with it,
if he has a fine head," said Lord M.
Monday, 12th August. I then showed Lord M.
Uncle Leopold's letter, in which he says he is desired
to sound me, whether I should object to the King
of the French's coming over to see me at Brighton from
Eu, for one afternoon and one night, with the Queen,
Mme. Adelaide, Clementine, Aumale, and Mont-
pensier ! ! in the beginning of September. We talked
of this, and of people never believing Kings or Queens
travelled merely for friendship. Lord M. said he
would speak to Palmerston about it, and I gave him
part of the letter to take ; I would have to go down
to Brighton to meet him.
Tuesday, 13th August. I then talked of what I
should write to Uncle Leopold about the King of the
French's coming over ; (Lord M. sent me yesterday
afternoon a note from Lord Palmerston about it, in
which he says amongst other things, " The Visit
would no doubt set people a-talking, and give rise
to many conjectures and surmises, but all the specu-
lations which could be founded upon it, would go
upon the assumption that the visit indicated a ten-
dency towards a closer union between England and
France ; and good rather than evil is likely to arise
from the propagation of that notion throughout
Europe"). Lord M. then asked if I should like it;
I said I certainly should, and that I had a great friend-
ship for the King of the French ; but I begged Lord
M. to inquire if I could go down to Brighton for a
night. I said I thought Palmerston disliked the
King of the French, which Lord M. denied l ; he said
1 The Queen was right, for, on the death of Louis Philippe, Lord
H.M. MARIE AMELIE.
QUEEN OF THE FRENCH.
From a portrait by Dalton, after Sir W. Ross.
1839] PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS 288
that Palmerston thought he had behaved ill about
Spain, " but he is very much for the French alliance ;
no one more so." I asked Lord M. what he thought
of the visit. " / agree with Palmerston," Lord M.
replied.
Wednesday, 14Z& August. They are going to have
the Portuguese Slave Trade Bill to-morrow, and 16
other Bills, and on Friday those Bills which they
cannot get through to-morrow. Talked of how they
had got to such a number this year, many having
arisen out of circumstances having lately taken
place, he said, and also the business of the country
increasing. I said if it increased every year, Parlia-
ment would end by sitting all the year round.
" That's what I always expect it will come to," 1
said Lord M. Talked of Normanby, and his coming
down to Windsor, which Lord M. thought he would
not try to do often. Talked of his (Normanby 's) not
seeming happy, of his having been much attacked ;
and Lord M. said the fact was, that a much greater
expectation had been raised of him than he deserved,
that he had got a factitious renown, Lord M. knew
not how and that there had been " a good deal of
disappointment, not that he's the worse," but be-
cause a factitious expectation had been raised. All
which is so true. " It's very easy for a man to be
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland " (and I observed Lord
Ebrington did it well ; " much better," Lord M.
replied), " but when you bring a man over to be
Secretary of State, you see what he is." " Normanby
Palmerston wrote to his brother William Temple, " The death of Louis
Philippe delivers me from my most artful and inveterate enemy,
whose position gave him in many ways the power to injure me "
(Life of Palmerston, iv. 229).
1 Prophetic (1912).
1116*
284 ARRIVAL AT WINDSOR [srr.20
is a very clever man," he said, " but he has no public
ability, no power ; very fluent, but not impressive."
Talked of Lady Fitzalan, 1 and Lord Surrey's praising
her, which Lord M. said was quite right, now that
the thing was done. . . .
Saturday, 17th August. At a little before 2 I set
off with Mamma, Lady Charlemont, dearest Daisy,
all my ladies and gentlemen, for Windsor, where
we arrived at 4. We had a deluge of rain on the road.
Quiz was in our carriage, and Islay was in the next.
At 5 it ceased raining. We set off in the pony car-
riages for Virginia Water. Mamma, Lady Cowper and
Lady Charlemont drove with me ; and all the ladies
except dearest Daisy, Lady Fanny Cowper, Lady
Uxbridge, Ellen and Constance, Lord Uxbridge,
Lord Morpeth, Lord Leveson, Lord Torrington, and
Mr. Cowper, who had all arrived at the Castle, followed
us in others. When we got to the Fishing Temple
we had refreshments there ; after which we went
on the water in the Barge, for about a J of an hour,
and it was a delightful evening ; all the ladies, and
Lord Morpeth, Lord Leveson, and Lord Uxbridge,
were in the barge with us. We returned home at 7,
and it rained the whole way almost coming home.
At a J to 8 we dined. Soon after 10 we went into the
Red room and dancing began ; the 1st Quadrille,
which I danced with Lord Torrington, was beyond
everything funny and full of confusion ; my Band,
from not being accustomed to play for dancing, made
every sort of confusion, 1st played too slow, then
stopped too soon, or went on too long. Talked with
Lord M. of my being unable to bear tea, and he,
1 Lord Fitzalan (see Vol. I., p. 190), grandson of the Duke of
Norfolk, had married, on 19th June, Augusta, youngest daughter of
Sir Edmund Lyons, afterwards Admiral Lord Lyons.
1839] CONCERNING ROYAL HOUSES 235
coffee ; he thinks Parliament may be up by Tuesday
week. He had, to my astonishment, a large fire in
both his rooms. I asked if he had had one also at
home ; he said yes ; and " I always have a fire if I
am annoyed or worried ; it's astonishing how it
dissipates that " ; and he always has one when he
comes home late from the House. We stopped
dancing at 3 minutes to 12, but remained in the
room till 10 m. p. 12. ...
Tuesday, 20th August. At 20 m. p. 2 came Lord
Melbourne and stayed with me till 3. Talked of the
rainy, bad weather ; of my having a fire ; and he
said, " Always should have a fire when it rains."
He was quite well. He said, " We have had a
Cabinet," and he laughed when I said he had told
me the day before there would be none. " I said
there was none settled ; we were sent for at 11."
Who summoned it ? " Rice," he replied, " we've
got him to give up his Bank of Ireland Bill ; and the
Bank of Ireland have behaved very well about it." *
Wednesday, 2lst August. I then showed him a
very long letter I had received from Aunt Gloster,
which he read out to me ; she proposes I should give
the Lodge at Richmond, which I gave in reversion
to Mamma, to the Duke of Cambridge, and settle
Bagshot Park on Mamma, letting Aunt G. have old
Kew House, and she adds Lord Sidmouth could
easily be asked to leave the house. I said I knew
Mamma never would hear of Bagshot, and it never
would do to move Lord Sidmouth out of the house
where he lives, at his age. 2 " You can't propose it to
him," said Lord M. ; that he was an old man, and
1 The practice of a Minister, other than the Prime Minister, summon-
ing a Cabinet has fallen into disuse.
a Lord Sidmouth was then 82.
236 THE CZAR AND THE FRENCH tex.20
that it would be very hard, " and it was given him
under very peculiar circumstances by George III. as
a mark of favour." Lord M. continued, " He was
Prime Minister 3 years, 1 and Secretary of State for
many years ; George III. was very fond of him,
much fonder of him than of Mr. Pitt." Was he
clever ? I asked. " No, not a clever man," said
Lord M. " George III. didn't like clever men."
Thursday, 22nd August. " The Emperor is going
to send you a present," Lord M. said ; " haven't
you seen that ? " I said No, and he continued, " A
Malachite Vase 2 ; they say it is the finest in the world ;
it stands in his Palace at present." Lord M. said
the Emperor was exceedingly angry at the propo-
sition of the Fleets going up to Constantinople, and
that if that had taken place he should have desired
his Minister to leave Constantinople immediately.
" It's the French he hates," Lord M. added. " Pon-
sonby has always been wanting our Fleet to come up
to Constantinople ; it would do no good." He then
said John Russell had begged him to ask my leave 8
to go out of Town on Saturday. " I believe he wants
it," and that all would be over in the House of
Commons on Saturday, and in the House of Lords
on Monday, so that the Prorogation would be on
Tuesday. At 20 m. to 8 I went with Mamma, dear
1 Mr. Addington was Prime Minister 1801-4. He had been Speaker
of the House of Commons ; and was commonly called " The Doctor "
in reference to his father's profession. He died in 1844.
2 This vase now stands in the State Drawing-room at Windsor Castle.
8 The Principal Secretaries of State, the Lord Chancellor, and the
First Lord of the Treasury never left town, when the Sovereign was
at Buckingham Palace, without leave. Up to the end of Queen Vic-
toria's reign they never left England without the permission of the
Sovereign. This rule has been considerably relaxed of recent years ;
although it is not customary of the Prime Minister to go abroad without
leave of the King.
1839] DINNER AT STAFFORD HOUSE 237
Victoire, Lady Lyttelton, Uncle, my 3 Cousins, Lady
C. Dundas, 1 Th6re*sine, and the Lord and Equerry,
to Stafford House, where we were received by the
Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, and were taken
into a pretty drawing-room downstairs, full of fine
pictures. Dinner was announced soon ; the Duke
of Sutherland led me in and I sat between him and
Lord Melbourne to my right. The dining-room,
downstairs, is not large, but pretty ; many fine
pictures ; fine plate. The Duke seemed much better.
The House had been up very early ; only the Bolton
Police Bill ; Lord Melbourne pale and ill, said he
was not well, and ate almost nothing. I said to him
it was all that Fish dinner. After dinner I found
my other ladies and gentlemen, Mary Howard and
Elizabeth, Evelyn and Caroline in the drawing-
room ; the Duchess then showed us all the pretty
rooms downstairs, and then took us up to see her
beautiful bath-room, 8 bed-room, dressing-room, and
sitting-room, all full of such pretty things and
pictures ; and then we came downstairs again,
and the gentlemen came in. I observed to Lord
Melbourne how pretty the room was ; he said, " But
this is only the Vestibule " ; and that upstairs was
all the finery. We then went upstairs, and the Hall
and Staircase, lit up, with a Band in it, was really
the handsomest thing I ever saw. We sat in the
pretty room where the Christening had been ; I sat
between Victoire and the Duchess, all on chairs ;
Uncle and my Cousins behind us ; Lord Melbourne,
Evelyn, &c. opposite to us. We remained sitting
here for some time, having tea and ice. We then
1 Lady Charlotte Dundas, daughter of first Earl of Zetland. Lady
of the Bedchamber to the Duchess of Kent.
2 Bath-rooms are a modern luxury.
238 LYNDHURST AND FOLLETT [.2o
went into the Gallery, which is quite unfinished, to
see the effect of some lighting. After that we sat
in the room where we lunched last year ; I sat on a
large sofa with dear Victoire ; and then Lord Mel-
bourne came and sat down there. " This is a beauti-
ful room," said Lord M., " that Gallery will always
be a dingy room," which I denied. 1
Friday, 23rd August. . . . Talked of there
being such a complication of Visits ; Uncle Leopold
having written, in short, quite a confusion and that
I hoped the King of the French would not come.
Saturday, 24<th August. At a J to 6 came my
excellent Lord Melbourne, who asked how I was ; I
said better. He, quite well. They were kept till
II in the House of Lords. " I've brought you this
speech," he said, pulling it out of his pocket, and he
read it to me in his usual beautiful manner ; it is
rather long ; written out by William Cowper, Anson
being gone, and he feared not well written. Talked
of there being so few flowers at Windsor ; he admired
some in my bouquet ; of what Nursery Gardens my
Uncle could go and see ; of a rail-road going through
Lee's garden ; of rail-roads going through gardens
and places ; and I asked him if he would like it if
one was to go through Brocket. " I couldn't bear
it," he said, " must abandon the place." Talked
of Lyndhurst. "What Campbell, the Attorney-
General, says," said Lord M., " is very true ; he
says when Lyndhurst wants to say anything that
isn't law or that he doesn't like to say, he gets
Brougham to say it." Follett, Lord M. says, is
certainly very clever and much the same sort of
talents as Lyndhurst ; " as to what sort of man
1 The word " dingy " could not be fairly applied to-day to the
gallery at Stafford House.
1839] GOOD-NATURE AND FACILITY 239
he is," said Lord M., " I'm sure I don't know."
Talked of Miss Fox, who Lord M. says always looked
the same ; he saw her 1st in '90, 49 years ago. Talked
of her, and Lord Holland's being very like their
Uncle ; though Lord M. said Lord Holland was not
like C. Fox in conversation ; that the latter was not
near so talkative as Lord Holland ; that Miss Fox
had that great good-nature which they all had, and
that she was very much beloved. Lord M. said,
" That great good-nature is apt to degenerate into
facility, so that people will do almost anything ; I'm
afraid Morpeth will have that ; he's so very soft that
I think he can never hardly say No to anyone ; a very
bad thing for a public man." They all tried to play
at the Cup and Ball, and the Bandelore, after dinner.
Lord Melbourne tried them also, and succeeded with
the former. He said the only way to do it was
" perfect steadiness, patience, perseverance, and tran-
quillity, which is the only way to do anything." I
sat on the sofa with Uncle Ferdinand, Lord Mel-
bourne sitting near me and Victoire and some of the
young people being seated round the table, playing
at games, at draughts, and at a game of tee-totums
in a bowl, in which I also joined occasionally.
Lord Melbourne talked of the Pictures in the room ;
of the room. I said to Lord M. it must be so tiresome
to hear German always spoken before him, 1 which
he didn't understand. " Oh ! not at all," he said,
most kindly. Talked of going to church next day.
"You should always attend wherever you are,"
he said, " should always read the Psalms." Talked
of proroguing Parliament in person, which he said
was not necessary, but was right ; that formerly
1 The Queen here alludes to the practice of the Royal Family
at that date and for many years afterwards.
240 HENRY VIII. : WILLIAM III. tex.20
the Sovereign was obliged to go down and give the
Royal Assent in person, and that the first time it was
done by Commission was when the Bill of Attainder
of Anne Boleyn had to be passed, and Henry VIII.
had not the nerve to go down. I asked Lord M. if
he wasn't very tired ; that the House of Lords must
be dreadful. " It is not the House of Lords," he
said, " there's some fun in that ; I like that ; I don't
mind those attacks ; it's those internal dissensions that
vex me." I said to Lord M. I was very childish with
all my Cousins. " That's a very good thing," he said
kindly. I added I often forgot I was young. " That's
a capital thing to be reminded of it," he said so kindly.
Sunday, 25th August. Talked to Lord M. of his
being tired, and I said to him he mustn't go to sleep
before so many people, for that he generally snored !
" That proclaims it too much," he said, in which I
quite agreed.
Talked of Hampton Court, its great size, none of
the Sovereigns having lived in it since William III., 1
of William IIL's being killed in coming from Hampton
Court, the spot was well known, Lord M. said. " He
broke his collar bone and drove it into his lungs ;
but anything would have killed him a'most, he was
a weakly man ; a great man, who kept Louis XIV.
in fear." A cruel man, I said. " Oh ! no," said
Lord M., " not cruel, not cruel in Ireland ; he was
the most tolerant monarch that ever sat on the
Throne." And he said the only thing he ever did
that was cruel, was that affair at Glencoe, when they
told him by mistake there was a band of ruffians
whom he ordered " to be knocked on the head." .
Tuesday, 27th August. Lord M. then showed me
1 A mistake. Queen Anne, George I., and George II. occupied the
Palace.
1839] LORD HOWICK'S RESIGNATION 241
a letter from C. Wood, 1 also resigning in consequence
of Howick's resignation ; he was to have been Secre-
tary to the Treasury, what Baring was, but will keep
on in the Admiralty till a successor can be found.
Lord M. said he had sent Howick a long letter from
John Russell (which he had not read) and which he
concludes is to try and persuade him not to resign.
" I don't think it'll have any effect," he said. I
observed it would be a good thing if Howick resigned.
" We shall have all the Greys against us," he said,
which is a bad thing ; and he thinks " it will not be
long before Howick is in the Opposition," which would
be too bad. No one knows of his resignation, and
Lord M. has not yet mentioned it formally to me, he
said. He said Howick was very much disliked at
the Horse Guards ; talked of Howick's disliking
Lord Hill. " Lord Hill is a very dull man," said
Lord M., " quite accustomed to the old routine."
I asked how would he fill up Howick's place ? He
must take some time to consider it, he said. ... I
then showed him a letter from Uncle Leopold in
which (by a curious coincidence) the King of the
French has also given up coming over. " It's a very-
good thing," said Lord M., " and a very good thing
also that you have mentioned you didn't wish it."
Wednesday, 28th August. Talked of Lord M. and
his being well ; I said I should certainly not ask
the Duke of W. this time when Uncle came. " Why
not ? ' said Lord M. Because he had behaved very
ill. ' You must recollect that people have particular
feelings," he said. There was no other Party ; the
Radicals themselves had quite given up the idea of
being able to form a Government, which they had
once thought possible ; and that there could be only
1 See Vol. L, p. 99.
242 TORIES AND THEIR CONDUCT [2ET.20
2 Parties in England. I said, as for the Tories, I
never would apply to them ; I must, in some shape,
he said ; I never would submit about the Ladies ;
that must be arranged, he said. But why speak of
all this now ? I said, there was no fear now ? "I
don't know," he said. I said, as the others (the
Tories) admitted themselves they could not stand,
they ought to help and not to oppose every reason-
able measure, as they had done, and not behave
as they had done in the House of Lords. " They
didn't behave so badly in the House of Lords,"
said Lord M. (This is admirable fairness.) " They
didn't throw out many bills." But altered a good
many, I said. " But I don't know that those altera-
tions didn't do them good," said Lord M. laughing.
The only outrageous thing they did, he said, was
their throwing out the Admiralty Courts Bill, and that
was " a very wanton thing." He thinks of offering
Ho wick's place to Macaulay. I observed that some
of Palmerston's despatches were rather severe. " I
was looking over those Portuguese papers," said Lord
M., " and they are very bitter ; that does no good ;
on the contrary, * a soft word turneth away wrath.' "
Talked of Lady Granville, who Lord M. said was " a
shrewd clever woman."
Thursday, 29th August. Talked of the Tourna-
ment, and Lord M. had written to Wilhelmine that
she ought to have gone to attend on the Queen of
Beauty. Of there being no doubt in my opinion
about her (Lady Seymour's) beauty. " I think her
funny," he said. " Helen * is very clever too,"
said Lord M., " but she is always very nervous."
" I've seen Howick to-day," said Lord M. (since
Lord M. had been with me). " He was very civil ;
1 Mrs. Blackwood, afterwards Lady Dufferin. See Vol. I., p. 192.
1839] RICHARD LALOR SHEIL 248
said he was very sorry," but that what with his own
opinions and his father's he couldn't have remained.
" Lord Grey has done it," said Lord M., " he said
he couldn't show his face again at Howick, if he was
to remain ; that his life would be intolerable ; and
that's what made Charles Wood resign ; Charles
Wood is wretched to leave office." Howick said
to Lord M. that he had been a sacrifice to the
opinions of others, that he had been quite " a
slave " to J. Russell, that " no soldier ever obeyed
his Commander " as he had done. " It is idle to
talk to people of their faults," said Lord M., " for
if they knew them, they wouldn't commit them " ;
which is so true. He then said that Sheil * had been
very much agitated when I saw him. " I found him
labouring under very great emotion when I went
out to him," said Lord M., so much affected as to
stifle his voice a little, and he continued so while
he said that this was such an immense thing for
Sheil, raising such a man to office, that it drove such
people " quite mad." " I said to him," Lord M.
continued, " ' Now mind what you say when you
get down into your county of Tipperary, for your
election ; mind not to get into any scrapes.' * I
know I'm a terrible character for indiscretion,' he
said, * but you needn't be afraid ; I've not been tried
in office before, you'll see I'm discreet.' " Lord M.
said, much affected, that he understood Lady Howick 2
1 Richard Lalor Sheil was M.P. for Tipperary, and Vice-president
of the Board of Trade. In early life he had been a dramatist, but he
was more successful as an orator, in his exertions, in co-operation with
O'Connell, for Catholic emancipation. He entered Parliament in
1831, and made a great speech in April of this year (1839) in support
of the Irish policy of the Ministry.
2 Maria, daughter of Sir Joseph Copley of Sprotborough. See
Vol. L, p. 210.
244 PICTURE OF HOLLAND HOUSE [JET. 20
had fought a most severe battle with Howick to try
and prevent him from resigning. " It is right that
you should know," said Lord M., " these things are
of more consequence than you may think for, I fear
George Grey won't remain," also for fear of Lord
Grey. I said that was not what I called right.
" But the last thing people think of," said Lord
M. laughing, " is doing what is right." " Lord Grey
is very hostile," said Lord M. But he resigned, I
said. " Yes, and recommended me to the King,"
said Lord M. ; " but it caused immediately a
comparison to be drawn between his Government
and mine, in disfavour of his, which nearly drove
him mad." I asked Lord M. did he really think
Brougham was sincere. " I may flatter myself,"
said Lord M., " but I think he likes me." I said
no one but Lord M. would speak so of Brougham. " I
haven't the slightest animosity against Brougham,"
said Lord M. This is a truly angelic disposition and
worthy of eternal record.
Friday, 30th August. Talked of Victoire's sitting
to Landseer ; of a picture Leslie has done of Holland
House, which I said I would send for. I rang the
bell and ordered the picture to be brought in ; I said
to Lord M., " Don't get up," when I did to ring the
bell, and he smiled and sat down. The picture was
brought in ; it is very pretty, not large ; the interior
of the Gallery at Holland House ; Lord Holland and
Lady Holland sitting at a table ; old Allen 1 standing,
and a young man standing in front, who Lord M. said
is one of her Pages ; the other Page is seen quite
at a distance ; Lady Holland calls them Edgar and
Harold, but their real names are John and Thomas,
1 John Allen (1771-1843), an intimate friend of Lord Holland and
constant inmate of Holland House, where he acted as librarian.
1839] HOLLAND HOUSE 245
Lord M. said. Lady Holland very like, he says,
though flattered in size and put in a black velvet
gown ; " Allen the least like ; too smart," he said ;
Lady Holland had a very fine skin. Lord M. pointed
out where the various doors in the Gallery led to. 1 ...
1 Many years later, under the gentle dominion of another Lady
Holland, the Queen went to Holland House.
11-17
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER XVI
A VISIT to England of the French King, planned by her Uncle
Leopold, was not welcome to her Ministers, and the Queen
managed to obtain its postponement. King Leopold and Queen
Louise, however, visited Windsor early in the month of September,
and the final arrangements were completed for the reception of the
young Coburg Princes. They were expected on 30th September,
but the Queen, finding that all her Ministers were to be at
Windsor on that date, feared that it might be too readily assumed
that her marriage was settled, and asked that her cousins' arrival
should be postponed until 3rd October. She then found that
they could not set off until the 6th, and was undoubtedly piqued
at what, in a letter to her uncle, she called their want of empresse-
ment.
When, however, the meeting took place, the impression made
on the Queen by Prince Albert was immediate. " Albert's
beauty is most striking," she wrote to King Leopold ; " and he
is so amiable and unaffected in short, very fascinating."
Three days later she told her uncle that her mind was made
up, that she had told the Prince, that the last few days had passed
like a dream, that she was so bewildered she hardly knew how to
write, but that she was certain of a prospect of very great happi-
ness before her.
" My feelings are a little changed," her letter concludes, " I
must say, since last Spring, when I said I couldn't think of marry-
ing for three or four years ; but seeing Albert has changed all
this."
King Leopold expressed his deep satisfaction in the words
of Zacharias. He had laboured hard and unswervingly to bring
about this marriage. It was the crowning act of his educational
policy ; it was the coping-stone of the regal edifice he had been
so carefully engaged in rearing. He told the Queen that she
would find in Prince Albert the very qualities and dispositions
that were indispensable for her happiness, and would suit her
own character, temper, and mode of life. The result, in after-
years, was a fine tribute to the sagacity of King Leopold. He
also told the Queen that Lord Melbourne had, in all this affair,
exhibited that amiability and disinterestedness with which he
was rightly credited. Many another man might have looked
to his own personal views and imaginary interests. Lord Mel-
bourne had but one idea, the happiness and security of the young
Queen.
On 23rd November a special meeting of the Privy Council
received from the Queen herself the intimation of her engage-
ment to Prince Albert. She noted that Lord Melbourne was
deeply moved. She was loudly cheered by immense crowds when
that afternoon she left the Palace for Windsor Castle.
246
<yL.&.<jL. Cousvfc <
-worn/
CHAPTER XVI
1839
Monday, 2nd September. We then went down-
stairs to look at the enormous Vase which the Em-
peror of Russia has sent me ; it is not yet unpacked,
but is the most enormous thing to be imagined.
Went upstairs, and played in the Gallery with dearest
Victoire and Leopold, at Battledore. . . .
Thursday, 5th September. Talked of my grief at
my Cousins' going ; and Alexander going on Saturday
to Paris. Told Lord M. that his father was a
French emigre who took the name of Mensdorff but
whose real name was Bouillee. Talked of Alex-
ander's mother. 1 ..." Nice hair he has," he said,
looking at Alexander. " I'm glad he's a French-
man ; I knew no German could have such hair."
I said I admired his eyebrows so. "Beautiful eyes
and eyebrows," said Lord M., and I said I had been
drawing him.
Friday, 6th September. George IV., he said, was
a famous man for finding reasons for doing a thing
he liked ; the recognition of the Independence of
the South American States was, Lord M. said, one
of the worst things possible ; " and the King disliked
doing it very much," continued Lord M., "but Mr.
1 Princess Sophia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, sister of the Duchess
of Kent and aunt of the Queen. See Vol. I., p. 95.
247
248 ARRIVAL OF KING LEOPOLD tex.20
Canning knew the way how to do it ; he knew the
King disliked Lord Ponsonby ; and Mr. Canning
proposed Lord Ponsonby should be sent to recognize
the South American States ; that was just the way,
the King gave way immediately." Lord Melbourne
rode almost all the time in our row. We heard on
returning that Uncle Leopold and Louise would be
here in an hour's time ; I waited till a p. 8 in my
habit, and no one arrived ; (dearest Victoire had been
sitting with me ever since J p. 7, dressed ;) and I read
Despatches. I then took off my habit and was only
half dressed when I heard they were coming ; I
rushed down half dressed, with Victoire, and received
my dear Uncle and dear Louise at the door ; Uncle F.
and my Cousins were also at the door. I took Uncle
and Aunt to their rooms, and soon left them ; none
of their things being come, they did not wish to come
to dinner. Louise and Victoire came and sat with
me while I was dressing. At 9 we dined.
Saturday, 7th September. Talked of Uncle L. ;
their baggage not being come ; of Louise having only
one pair of stockings. Lord M. said Madame de
Campan was so angry, when Marie Antoinette ordered
so many things before they fled from Paris, and thus
excited observation, and said to her, " On peut
trouver des chemises et des bas partout." . . .
Wednesday, llth September. At 20 m. p. 11 we
set off in open carriages, Louise, dearest Victoire and
dearest Augustus were with me in the carriage ; in the
2nd, Uncle Leopold, Mamma, Uncle Ferdinand, and
Leopold ; in the 3rd, Lady Lyttelton, Lady Charlotte,
Theresine, and Lord Fingall ; and in the 4th, Lord
Surrey, Col. Wemyss, Sir Robert Otway, and Col.
Cavendish. We changed horses 3 times, at Staines,
the Stud House, and Kennington Green. We got
1839] AT WOOLWICH 249
to Woolwich at a | p. 2, and drove into the Dockyard
immediately ; we had only 2 steps to walk to the
Boat ; the Band of the Rifles played God save the
Queen, and the guns fired, but it was all very quiet. I
got into the boat with Louise, my 2 Uncles, Mamma,
and Vecto ; all the others going in another boat ;
we were rowed to the Lightning steamer, which was
a little way off, and went on board her ; I climbed
up the side ladder with ease, 1 all my nautical feelings
and recollections returning again ; and we walked
about the deck a little while. I then went down
with Victoire in the cabin ; it is very small but neat ;
she and Theresine and Resy sleep in the same cabin.
I made dearest Victoire take off her little handker-
chief and give it to me ; and I gave her mine. I gave
Leopold a little pin, which I had also worn, a little
Knight kneeling. It was heart-breaking to see the
steamer go away from us for she set off as soon as
we were clear of her, and we remained on our oars
to see her go ; dearest Victoire looked so pretty
standing near her father, and waved her handker-
chief to the last.
Thursday, 12th September. Talked of the Windsor
Uniform, 2 and formerly the full dress of the uniform
being red Pantaloons ! ! Lord Melbourne sat near
me for a few minutes, and talked of Bats, and their
1 As the Queen was about to leave the ship the captain and officers
betrayed some anxiety and a desire to help her down the tall side of
the vessel. The Queen looked up with the greatest spirit, and said
quite loud in her silvery voice, " No help, thank you : I am used to
this," and then descended, as an eye-witness observed, " like an old
boatswain." She was enthusiastically cheered by the sailors.
2 The Windsor Uniform was instituted by George III. It was
copied from the uniform of the Household of Lady Pembroke. It is
only worn by the King and his household at Windsor, and by such persons
as are specially privileged to wear it by command of the Sovereign.
See ante, p. 65, and Vol. I., p. 351.
n17*
250 SLEEP: QUIETISTS [.*>
settling in people's hair, and Lord M. said, "It is
always so, if a thing happens once, it is said to happen
always." Mme. Sebastiani said she knew it to be a
fact. " Has she ever seen it ? " asked Lord M.
She replied No. "Then I don't believe it," he
said.
Friday, I3th September. I missed my dearest
Cousins, alas ! Saw Louise. Wrote to Ferdinand.
Read despatches. Signed. At 8 we dined. After
dinner we were seated as the day before only that
Lord M. sat near me the whole evening.
Saturday, Uth September. We talked of the
dreadful weather, pouring with rain the whole day.
" I'm quite muzzed with reading so many despatches,"
he said ; that / need not read them all through ;
talked of asking young Werther down ; of my
missing my dear Playfellows (which I did most
dreadfully) ; Lord M. asked if I hadn't heard from
any of them ; I said no. Talked of Alexander,
and Uncle's having told Lord M. he was " a very
nice fellow " ; I said / thought him exceedingly
handsome. I sat between Uncle Leopold and Lord
Melbourne. Talked to Lord Melbourne of Fanny;
of his sleeping and its being too bad. " It's a sign
of a composed mind," he said, which I admitted.
Talked of my Cousins having had a good passage ;
of Lord M.'s and my being quite muzzed with reading ;
of Lord M.'s going to church next day, which we said
he ought to do 3 times ; he would go, he said, " though
it's against my creed ; I'm a quietist ; it's the creed
which Fenelon embraced, and which Mme. Guillon
taught ; you are so perfect that you are exempted
from all external ordinances, and are always living
in God." I said that the use of church was, that
it made one think of what one would otherwise not
1839] ETON, A NEST OF TORIES 251
think of ; that I had often doubted him ; that I had
often suspected him ; " What about ? " he asked ;
he said of all things he could be the least suspected
of having heterodox opinions. ...
Sunday, I5th September. Talked of the weather,
its being fine but cold ; of the Eton boys, and Lord
M. said Seymour had been down to Eton and had
asked one of the boys if they saw much " of the
Queen," upon which the boy had replied, " Oh !
no, she considers us a Nest of Tories."
Monday, I6th September. I danced 5 Quadrilles ;
(1) with Van de Weyer ; (2) with Baron Werther ;
(3) with M. de Kisseleff ; (4) with Count Moerkerke ;
and (5) with Lord Uxbridge. Louise danced each
quadrille. How sadly different it was from last
Monday, when I had my beloved Cousins with
me ! . . .
Thursday, I9th September. Got up at 9 and break-
fasted at | p. Wrote to Alexander, and my journal.
Played on the piano. Fanny brought up the 2 dear
boys at a J p. 1, and we took them to the room where
Louise was sitting ; and then we went into the Gallery.
After 2 we lunched with all. Lord Melbourne also
lunched with us. The 2 little boys l came in and
were very funny. Mitty, who has beautiful dark
brown curls, is I think a little like Lord Melbourne ;
Dimitty like Spencer Cowper. Lord Melbourne was
very funny with them.
Friday, 20th September. I got up at p. 4, put
on a dressing-gown and a bonnet, and went to Louise's
sitting-room, where I found her and Uncle at break-
fast by candle-light ; they were much pleased to
see me. I took some bread and butter and an egg ;
poor dear Louise was so sorry to leave me ; so kind ;
1 The two^eldest boys of Lord and Lady Ashley.
252 CONVERSATION WITH BRUNO W [*x.20
she is so fond of me, which I really don't deserve.
I went with them to Mamma's room, and then
took leave of them on the top of the staircase, with
much regret, for they are both so kind to me ; Uncle
is so amusing and funny. I watched them from my
window ; day was dawning and it looked grey and
melancholy.
At 10 m. to 3 Lord Melbourne came to me, and
stayed with me till J p. 3. He asked how I was.
He gave me a warrant to sign about a Banner. He
gave me the return of the revenue, which is most
satisfactory. He said, " The King was quite
astonished at the large sums ; I showed him one
of these." " I have had Brunow l with me this
morning," Lord M. continued ; "he says they only
wish to do what we like ; that they would act with
France if we wished it, but they would rather without
France ; that the Emperor ' can't bear the King of
the French ' ; ' he has a Crown that don't belong to
him ' " ; that he sent an Ambassador there, but
that he never would call him " mon frere " in a
letter ; that he (the Emperor) has a great contempt
for the Carlists, and a pity for the elder branch
(of the French family) ; that he would not meddle
with it, " he left that in the hands of Providence,"
who would not allow it to go on. Brunow, said
Lord M., went on to say that it was useless to speak
to the Emperor of Russia of the opinion and will
of the people ; then he said to Lord M. that Persia
in their eyes was of much more importance than this
Oriental Question ; that we should upset the Shah,
which would be very dangerous, and in which case
Russia must interfere. He desired Lord M. to express
on his (Brunow's) part his great feeling at his recep-
1 The Russian Ambassador.
1839] THE LIFE OF SOVEREIGNS 253
tion here, and also the great affection the Emperor
had for me.
Saturday, 2lst September. When I came out of my
room I saw Lord Melbourne on the top of the stair-
case, and I asked him if he was going to drive out.
" No," he said, " I'm come to see you go out." He
went downstairs with me and said, " Macaulay will
take this ; I have had a very satisfactory conver-
sation with him ; he doesn't wish it to be mentioned
directly." Talked about these gentlemen having
intimated their wish to remain. " I didn't think
it would create so much clamour," said Lord M. . . .
Monday, 23rd September. Talked of Uncle's dis-
liking any great gaiety. Lord M. said to him,
the life of Kings and Queens was not very amusing,
and they must have some amusements. " ' You are
quite right,' he said, ' it is very tiresome.' This
seemed to tickle his fancy very much," said Lord M.
laughing, " for he repeated it to me several times
afterwards." Then Uncle wanted me, Lord M. said,
to ask the great people of the Country, which Lord M.
thought I had ; Lord M. wished some Tories, and
mentioned Lord Liverpool. Perhaps Lord Sandwich,
I said. " That would be a good thing," said Lord M.,
and that the Beauforts were great personal friends.
I said, I wished to ask none of the Tories this year.
" If you do that," said Lord M., " you, as it were,
cut them off." I observed John Russell disliked
them ; Lord M. said, " I think J. Russell has
a good deal of bitter personal feeling," which
he didn't show, but which extended towards the
Tories pretty generally. " / don't dislike the Tories,"
said Lord M., " I think they are very much like the
others." We agreed J. Russell disliked being sup-
ported by them. " I don't care," said Lord M., " by
254 LORDS GREY AND HO WICK [*r.20
whom I am supported ; I consider them all as one ;
I don't care by whom I'm helped, as long as I am
helped," he said laughing.
Tuesday, 24<th September. Talked of the very
curious account which he sent me (and which I read
when I came home) of Runjeet Singh's last days
and death. Lord M. said the account of the Women
burning themselves was very curious. " They said,
' What we want is name and reputation, and therefore
we will burn with the Maharajah ' " ; and of the
Prime Minister repeatedly trying to do the same.
Talked of its being a good thing to keep up the
army a little ; of the great expense of it for this
country. Of Howick and his coming to see me
next day ; and Lord M. said he would probably
state to me the causes of his resignation, and I asked
what I should answer. " Say you are very sorry,"
said Lord M., " very sorry to lose his services, that
you have every reason to be satisfied with the manner
in which he performed his duty, that you had always
heard he did it very well." I asked was he sorry ;
Lord M. replied, " I think he is," but that he was
so influenced by his father. Talked of Lord Grey's
hostility, and Lord M. said, " I know why he is
angry with me ; because I don't go and talk to him."
Then, he continued, he consulted Lord Grey upon
the drawing up of that Answer to the Address from
the House of Lords, when Lord Grey gave very valu-
able service ; " and he says I never thanked him for
that. That is his forte," continued Lord M., " in
drawing up papers of that kind ; he is quite un-
rivalled for that." l
Wednesday, 25th September. Talked of my having
1 It was the natural envy on Lord Grey's part (felt by many men)
of his successor ; of the older for the younger man !
1839] MINISTERS AT WINDSOR 255
seen Howick, whom I thought rather irritated ; that
he had said he thought the Government was getting
weaker, and was not going on well, either to my
satisfaction or to that of the country. " That's
always his tone," said Lord M., " and those are the
two difficulties we have to contend with," on one
side people say that we are going too much towards
the Radicals ; on the other hand that we lean too
much towards the Tories and lose " the popular
support." It is very difficult to please both. I
told Lord M., Howick said he would always support
the Government, which Lord M. thinks he will,
coupled with a great deal of opposition ; his last
grievance, we agreed though, was his not being
made Chancellor of the Exchequer. I said I had
said to him just what Lord M. had told me. " Now
you don't like having all these people down here,"
said Lord M., " because of these young Princes." *
But I replied I didn't mind it. Lord M. said it
might excite remarks, all the Ministers being down
here just when these young people came here ; but as
there must be a Council it would be as well to have
them here. I could stop my Cousins for a day, I
said ; but he didn't mind it ; however, just before
the audience ended we settled I should write to
Uncle to keep them till Thursday. Being made
Under Secretary of State does not vacate your seat,
as it is not made by the Crown ; a seat is only
vacated by an Appointment made by the Crown.
44 Macaulay said," Lord M. went on to say, " he
had no fear about his election ; ' Indeed I think I
should lose in Edinboro if I was to refuse to join
you ' " ; also very satisfactory. Lord M. said
Howick fretted so ; was so eager about everything,
1 The young Coburg Princes, Ernest and Albert.
256 DISLIKE OF POLITICS [*T.20
which Lord M. believed was from conscientiousness.
" But that won't do in public service," said Lord
M. ; " you must sometimes do things you don't like,
and sometimes you mustn't press things you think
right."
Thursday, 26th September. Lord M. observed
the rooks flying in a manner which indicated rain ;
I said I disliked them so. " How very odd," said
Lord M., " I could sit looking at them for an hour ;
those are rural habits," he used to be always in the
country formerly, shooting all day. Talked of my
disliking this meeting of Ministers ; my disliking
to hear nothing else but Politics and always Politics. 1
" Nothing so disagreeable," said Lord M., " very
tiresome ; and that's the worst of Holland House ;
you hear nothing else, which is very tiresome,
particularly when you are at it all day. Holland
thinks of nothing else." Mr. Fox, on the contrary,
Lord M. said, was always talking of poetry and
literature, which he liked much better than Politics ;
people seldom liked, Lord M. said, what they did
best. . . .
Saturday, 28th September. I told him the Monkey
was better ; that I had finished Guizot, and thought
it such a pretty book ; the end Lord M. said was
very curious, and I said melancholy, in which he
agreed. I said I meant to finish Walpole, but that
the sinking fund and all that alarmed me. " I
wouldn't trouble myself with that," said Lord M.,
" I would give it up " ; and I begged him to
recommend me another book. Talked of the orange
lilies in my hair being in Ireland the emblem of
1 After her marriage the Queen used often to lay stress upon the
relief it was to her that she could shift the burden of " politics " on
to the Prince.
1839] QUEEN ELIZABETH'S OPINIONS 257
Orangeism ; of William III., my not having descended
from him but from James 1st and Mary Queen of
Scots, and from Henry VII. ; of Elizabeth's behead-
ing Mary, which Lord M. said she didn't wish to
do but was forced to do so; of Elizabeth always
refusing to name her successor (which was then
thought necessary), and saying, Lord M. said, " * I
remember Hatfield,' :) when she was her sister Mary's
successor and they all came and courted her ;
of her being wretched when James 1st was born.
" She didn't like it " (marrying), said Lord M.,
" and I think she never really intended it ; but
she liked all the courtship and flirtation." Lord M.
then asked if I had ever read Hallam's Constitutional
History of England, which I said I had not, and he
recommended me to read it. "I think it's a good
book to read," he said, " as you know the History
well."
Sunday, 29th September. Islay was much noticed ;
he (Islay) has a very odd trick of liking to lick and
play with anything bright, and he remembers Lord
M. giving him his glasses, and he sits begging before
Lord M. the moment he sees them ; and Lord M.
said, "How very odd ; it's quite a subject for the
reflection of Philosophers ; must be considered at
the next meeting of the Philosophical Society." . . .
Tuesday, 1st October. He then said that Russia's
proposition relative to these Eastern Affairs 1 was to
1 After the Battle of Navarino the general attitude of Europe
towards Turkey underwent a change, and the desire to turn the Turks
out of Europe gave place to a policy of bolstering up the Sick Man.
The defeat of the Turks by Mehemet Ali at Konieh in 1832, and the
danger thereby caused to Constantinople, led Mahmoud II. to appeal
to the European Powers for protection. Russia alone was ready to
come to his aid, and in 1833 Turkey concluded the Treaty of Unkiar
Skelessi with Russia ; by it the Dardanelles were closed to all but
258 TURKISH DIFFICULTIES [* T .20
act with us, rather without France, but with France
if we wished it ; and in case of Ibrahim Pasha's
marching upon Constantinople, that it should be
allotted to them to defend Constantinople ; but no
other fleet to come up the Dardanelles. Russia is
bound by the Treaty of Unkiar Skelessi to defend
Constantinople. " Now we think it very important
to carry Russia along with us," said Lord M., " but
also France," and that it was likewise very important
to bind Russia by convention to do what she would
otherwise do of herself ; but would France agree ?
I asked. Lord M. said they thought France would
not agree to anything of such magnitude and im-
portance being done without her ; Lord M. said
more, which I cannot sufficiently recollect to put
down. " So we have settled to return a favourable
answer to Brunow," said Lord M., " to say that we
are ready to act with Russia, and to act quickly,
but that we think it very important also that France
should go with us," and thus not state specifically
what we shall do.
Wednesday, 2nd October. I talked to him of Sir
J. Hobhouse, and Lord M. said, " Hobhouse is a
man of immense knowledge and acquirements ;
there's nothing he don't know " ; and we agreed,
a very agreeable man ; of Macaulay, who Lord M.
Russian vessels. The death of Mahmoud in 1839 and the feebleness of
his successor, Abdul Medjid, induced Mehemet Ali to attempt further
encroachments, and this time the Powers determined to intervene, and
ensure the integrity of the Ottoman Empire. France, however, stood
aloof, and was greatly disgusted when in 1840 a treaty with Turkey
was signed by England, Russia, Austria, and Prussia. By it Mehemet
Ali was called upon to restore Syria and Candia to the Porte. He
refused, and was thereupon compelled by English and Austrian forces to
submit, after a defeat in Syria and the bombardment of Beyrout and
Acre. See ante, p. 224.
1830] THE RUSSIAN PROPOSITION 259
said was " a man of immense learning ; I think
you'll see he'll make a great man some day," Lord
M. continued. I observed he was odd-looking. " Un-
couth, and not a man of the world," Lord M. replied,
"he has studied a good deal; his father was a
great Saint ; and that restrained him a good deal."
I regretted / knew so little. " Oh ! you know
quite enough," Lord M. replied, "and you will
have plenty to learn as you will have a great deal to
read." Talked of the odiousness of having every-
thing repeated that I said, which he said was
" irremediable."
Talked of horses, my grey one being so perfect ;
mine this year being so much steadier than they
used to be ; Tartar making Lord M. always un-
comfortable. Lord Holland bought once a carriage
and 4 horses for 100 at Calais, drove them to Naples
and back, and for some time here afterwards !
Talked of this Proposition of Russia to Lord M.,
and my fearing their getting alone to the Dardanelles,
which he thought wouldn't signify if they were
made to agree to leave it. "I don't doubt the
Emperor's word," he continued. " Now mind me,
if he ever breaks his word " Stayed up till
J p. 11.
Thursday, 3rd October. Talked of Uncle's think-
ing I ought to play at cards, which Lord M. thought
quite a mistake ; of George III.'s playing at Commap l
and at Backgammon on a Sunday, which Lord M.
said would now be thought very wrong ; George III.
was very religious, Lord M. said, but against every-
thing puritanical. " When Bishop Porteus ' came
1 Commap, a popular game in the eighteenth century.
2 Beilby Porteus (1731-1808), famous as a sermon writer. Bishop
successively of Chester and London.
260 PALMERSTON AND LADY COWPER DET.JW
to remonstrate with him," he continued, " about his
going to Windsor on a Sunday, he received him with
his carriage at the door."
Friday, kth October. Lord Melbourne said, " Here's
a letter from my sister 1 about domestic affairs," and
when I had read it, he gave me a letter from Sir
Fred. 2 to her. " Now this is what has never been
mentioned to any one about Palmerston ; he's al-
ways wanting to marry her." Sir Fred, writes in
order that if the letter were seen, no one might
know what it meant, and talks of Henrietta, by
which he means her. He advises her, if she likes
it, to do it, not to potter about it. " I wrote to
her she must do what she liked," said Lord M., " I
couldn't advise her. The thing is," Lord M. continued,
" what his (Palmerston's) circumstances are ; some
say he is very much indebted ; and then they might
both be very poor together " were he to be out of
office ; a very nice place in the country, 3 with a nice
house, something like Holkham, Lord M. said. " He
(P.) presses her very much, she says," continued
Lord M. " You'll not mention it to anybody ? "
which I said he might rely on. I talked to him
whether people were ever happy who married so late
in life, and whose habits were settled, as Lord M.
observed. " It would be a great change for him,"
said Lord M., " accustomed to run about everywhere ;
she says her own family like it. I said to her,
4 You mustn't deceive yourself about it ; if you do
this you must take the consequences.' '
Saturday, 5th October. Talked of asking Lady
1 The Dowager Lady Cowper. See Vol. I., p. 242.
2 Sir Frederick Lamb. See Vol. I., p. 253.
3 Broadlands, in the New Forest, near Romsey.
1839] PITT AND CANNING 261
Clanricarde, 1 which he again urged ; of how the
Granville's came to care so much about her. " Why,
they, as the adherents of Canning," said Lord M.,
" naturally look to her ; Lord Granville, Lord Morley,
Lord Seaford, and also Lord Carlisle were very much
attached to Mr. Canning." I observed Canning
was no Whig, in which Lord M. agreed, but also no
Tory. " He followed Mr. Pitt," said Lord M., " he
began with Mr. Pitt, and Mr. Pitt was certainly not
a Tory, though he was generally supported by the
Tory party ; he was called so, as he was in opposition
to the Whigs." Then, when Mr. Pitt died, Lord M.
said, Canning " took a line of his own." These, like
Granville and the others, " are our best friends,"
Lord M. said, " but they are not Whigs ; he (Canning)
acted with the Whigs, and they followed him," and
have remained with us ; Lord Haddington was also
one of his followers but went over. " They are very
much mixed," said Lord M., " there are many on
the Tory side who have not Tory opinions, and many
amongst the Whigs who have not Whig opinions,"
and these, like Granville, consider Lord Canning
as quite a Tory, and look to Lady Clanricarde
instead. . . .
Wednesday, 9th October. After dinner we were
seated much as usual, Lord Melbourne sitting near
me, but both he and I were sleepy, and I very tired.
Talked of my having over-walked myself. " You'll
be better to-morrow," he said, " after a deep sleep " ;
and when I said it was reckoned a bad thing to sleep
immediately after eating, he said, " Reckoned ?
1 Lady Clanricarde was daughter of Mr. Canning and his wife
Viscountess Canning in her own right. She was a sister of Lord
Canning, Viceroy of India, who inherited the title from his mother.
See ante, p. 75, and Vol. L, p. 318.
1118
262 ARRIVAL OF PRINCE ALBERT t*T.20
who reckons it so ? ' and that he thought it a very
good thing.
Thursday, 10th October. Got up at J p. 10 and
saw to my astonishment that a stone, or rather 2
stones, had been thrown at my dressing-room window
and 2 glasses broken ; the stone was found under the
window ; in the little blue room next the audience
room another window broken and the stone found
in the room ; in the new strong room another window
broken, and in one of the lodging rooms next to this,
another broken and the stone found in the middle of
the room. This is a very strange thing, and Lehzen
told Lord Surrey of it. We stopped and got out at
the gate of the Terrace, and walked on the Terrace
and new walk ; Lord Melbourne walking near me
the whole time. He thought it cold ; he had met
Brunow in the Quadrangle, who directly said he was
ready to play at cards with Mamma after dinner.
As we were returning along the new walk, one of my
pages came running with a letter from Uncle Leopold,
saying my cousins would be here very soon ; they
sent on the letter announcing their arrival. I said
to Lord M. I was sure they would come this day, but
he would never believe it. At p. 7 I went to the
top of the staircase and received my 2 dear cousins
Ernest and Albert, whom I found grown and
changed, and embellished. It was with some emo-
tion that I beheld Albert who is beautiful. I em-
braced them both and took them to Mamma ; having
no clothes they couldn't appear at dinner. At 8 we
dined. Besides our own party, Lady Clanricarde,
Lord and Lady Granville, Baron Brunow, Lord
Normanby, the Hon. William Temple, 1 and Mr.
Murray (who returned), dined here. I sat between
1 Brother of Lord Palmerston.
1839] DESCRIPTION OF PRINCE ALBERT 263
Baron Brunow and Lord Melbourne. Talked to
Lord Melbourne of my cousins having no baggage ;
I said I found my cousins so changed. Talked of
my cousins' bad passage ; their not appearing on
account of their neglige, which Lord M. thought they
ought to have done, at dinner and certainly after.
" I don't know what's the dress / would appear in,
if I was allowed," said Lord M., which made us laugh.
After dinner my Cousins came in, in spite of their
neglige, and I presented them to Lord Melbourne.
I sat on the sofa with Lady Clanricarde, Lord Mel-
bourne sitting near me, and Ernest near us and
Albert opposite (he is so handsome and pleasing),
and several of the ladies and gentlemen round the
sofa. I asked Lord M. if he thought Albert like me,
which he is thought (and which is an immense com-
pliment to me). " Oh ! yes, he is," said Lord M.,
" it struck me at once."
Friday, llth October. Got up at \ p. 9 and break-
fasted at 10. Wrote to Lord Melbourne. Signed.
My dear Cousins came to my room and Albert gave
me letters from Vecto, Louise, Uncle Ernest, and
Uncle Ferdinand. They remained some little time
in my room and really are charming young men ;
Albert really is quite charming, and so excessively
handsome, such beautiful blue eyes, an exquisite
nose, and such a pretty mouth with delicate mous-
tachios and slight but very slight whiskers ; a
beautiful figure, broad in the shoulders and a fine
waist. At about \ p. 10 dancing began. I danced
5 quadrilles ; (1) with Ernest ; (2) with dearest
Albert, who dances so beautifully ; (3) with Lord
Alfred ; (4) with Ernest ; and (5) with dearest
Albert again. After the 1st quadrille there was a
Valse ; after the 2nd and 3rd Gallops ; and after
264 LIFE AT WINDSOR [JET. 20
the 4th another Valse ; it is quite a pleasure to
look at Albert when he gallops and valses, he
does it so beautifully, holds himself so well with
that beautiful figure of his. Lord Melbourne sat
near me during the intervals and during the valses.
He was quite well, he assured me, and not tired ;
he talked of Kolo wrath and Alvensleben. I praised
him for not sleeping. Just before I began the 4th
quadrille, I asked him if he was going or staying ;
going, he said ; and when I began he went away, at
10 m. p. 12.
Saturday, 12th October. At 20 m. p. 3 I rode out
with my cousins, Mamma, Lord Melbourne, Daisy, and
the same party as the day before with the exception
of Lord Granville, Lord Normanby, Lord Surrey and
Mr. Byng ; and came home at J p. 5. I rode Friar,
who went beautifully. I rode the whole time be-
tween Albert (with whom I talked a good deal) and
Lord Melbourne, who, out of anxiety lest I should
suffer from his horse shying against me, rode his
white-faced horse, which he has not ridden since he
came down with him, and which isn't half as easy as
the other, nor so safe ; it was so kind and I felt it
so much, but it grieved me ; luckily the horse went
safe and quiet.
Sunday, 13th October. At 111 went to church with
Mamma and my beloved cousins (in my carriage) and
all the other ladies (except Daisy) and gentlemen, to
St. George's. Besides Mamma and my 2 Cousins,
Lady Sandwich, Lord Melbourne, Lord Palmerston,
Lord Falkland and Alvensleben were in the Closet
with me. Dearest Albert sat near me, who enjoyed
the music excessively and thought it quite beautiful.
Lord M. said he had a gossiping letter from Lady
Holland, which he read to me ; as he thought I
1839] THOUGHTS ON MARRIAGE 265
couldn't read it. Talked of Spain ; Alava's pleasure
at being asked, and his saying in a letter he did not
wish to change his name for any other. Talked of my
cousins having gone to Frogmore ; the length of their
stay being left to me ; and I said seeing them had a
good deal changed my opinion (as to marrying), and
that I must decide soon, which was a difficult thing.
' You would take another week," said Lord M. ;
" certainly a very fine young man, very good-look-
ing," in which I most readily agreed, and said he
was so amiable and good tempered, and that I had
such a bad temper ; of my being the 1st now to own
the advantage of beauty, which Lord M. said smiling
he had told me was not to be despised, in spite of
what I had said to him about it. Talked of my
cousins being religious. " That strong Protestant
feeling is a good thing in this country," he said, " if
it isn't intolerant," which I assured him it was not.
I had great fun with my dear cousins after dinner.
I sat on the sofa with dearest Albert ; Lord Mel-
bourne sitting near me, Ernest playing at chess,
and many being seated round the table. I looked
at some drawings by Stephano della Bella and
Domenichino, with Albert, and then we gave them
to Lord Melbourne. Lord M. was quite well ; he
talked of a letter they had sent him from Charles
Napier, 1 on Sir Robert Stopford's station. Lord M.
looked at the drawings. Eos 8 came in again and
yawned. I played 2 games at Tactics with dear
Albert, and 2 at Fox and Geese. Stayed up till
20 m. p. 11. A delightful evening.
1 Charles Napier (afterwards Admiral Sir Charles Napier, K.C.B.)
had commissioned the Powerful early in the year, which was sent
out to the East when it became necessary to reinforce the fleet under
Sir Robert Stopford.
2 A favourite greyhound of the Prince Consort's.
1118*
266 CONCERNING MARRIAGES [^.20
Monday, Uth October. Went to Lehzen's room
where Lady Sandwich 1 was with the baby whom
I nursed and petted, for he is a darling. Wrote
letters to the Duchess of Gloucester and Princess
Augusta. At 1 came Lord Melbourne and stayed
with me till 10 m. p. 2. He was quite well. He
said, " Here's a letter from my sister," in which
she talks again of her intended marriage, and she
contemplates with horror and very naturally her
surviving Lord M. and Sir Fred. She advises Lord
M. to marry again, if he was out of Office ! ! which
made us both laugh, and proposes one of the
Hardys ! ! All Lord M.'s property " goes to her by
my Father's will," he said. 2 I thought it a pity Sir
Fred, didn't marry. 3 " I'd just as much wish Ford-
wich 4 had it, as anyone else " ; before this he
showed me a letter from Lord Morpeth about Lord
Cremorne. Talked of so many families becoming
extinct. Then she wanted Sir Fred, to marry
Theresa Villiers. " She was always wanting me to
marry Olivia De Ros," said Lord M. I observed
that they had said also he (Ld. M.) would marry
Lady Boyle, Emily Seymour that was. " There
was a good deal of report about it," he said.
Talked of my Cousins' having gone out shooting.
After a little pause I said to Lord M., that I had
made up my mind (about marrying dearest Albert).
" You have ? " he said ; " well then, about the
time ? " Not for a year, I thought ; which he said
1 Formerly Lady Mary Paget. See Vol. I., p. 349.
2 The whole of Lord Melbourne's property, Melbourne and
Brocket, passed to Lady Cowper and her children.
3 He eventually married, at the age of sixty, the young daughter of
Count Maltzahn. See Vol. L, p; 253.
4 The second title in the Cowper family, and the name by which
Lord Melbourne's nephew was known before his accession to the Peerage.
1839] THE QUESTION OF WHEN? 267
was too long ; that Parliament must be assembled
in order to make a provision for him, and that
if it was settled " it shouldn't be talked about,"
said Lord M. ; " it prevents any objection, though
I don't think there'll be much; on the contrary,"
he continued with tears in his eyes, " I think
it'll be very well received ; for I hear there is
an anxiety now that it should be; and I'm very
glad of it ; I think it is a very good thing, and you'll
be much more comfortable ; for a woman cannot
stand alone for long, in whatever situation she is."
Lord M. said then that he wondered if I didn't wish
to have it directly (which I said I didn't), as in
that case Parliament would have to be assembled
before ; but if I didn't, that it had better be in January
or February, after Parliament met; not later; upon
which I observed, " So soon." " You are rather
alarmed when it comes to be put in that way," he
said laughing ; which I assured him I was not.
Then I asked, if I hadn't better tell Albert of my
decision soon, in which Lord M. agreed. How ? I
asked, for that in general such things were done the
other way, which made Lord M. laugh. That
Uncle Leopold and Uncle Ernest should know it ;
of settling my own time ; and then for some time
of what should be done for him ; George of Denmark
would be the person to look back to ; he was Lord
High Admiral, Lord M. said ; of making him a Peer
my being against it. A Field Marshal he ought
be made, just like Uncle ; and anyhow a Royal
Highness ; of how I should say it to Albert ; Lord
M. thought there was no harm in people's guessing
the thing ; he said that he would mention it
to John Russell and Palmerston, and perhaps the
Chancellor. When we got up, I took Lord M.'s hand,
268 THE PROPOSAL [an-. 20
and said he was always so kind to me, which
he has always been ; he was so kind, so fatherly
about all this. I felt very happy. Read des-
patches. Wrote to Ernest and Albert sending them
things. Wrote my journal. At 8 we dined. Prince
Esterhazy, Lord Uxbridge and the Ladies E. and C.
Paget dined here. Prince Esterhazy led me in, and
I sat between him and my dearest Albert, with whom
I talked a great deal. Lord Melbourne sat opposite
between Lady C. Dundas and Ellen. Talked to
Lord Melbourne after dinner of my hearing Albert
couldn't sleep these last few days ; nor I either, I
added ; that he asked a good deal about England,
about which I tried to give him the most agreeable
idea. " I mentioned it to J. Russell," said Lord M.,
but that J. Russell was very anxious it should be
told to very few, as it was so difficult to deny such
a thing when it was really settled ; and that if I
could talk to Albert about it and settle it with him
but no one else, which I said I would. " I'll talk
to you about it more fully to-morrow," Lord M.
said.
Tuesday, 15th October. Saw my dear Cousins
come home quite safe from the Hunt, and charge up
the hill at an immense pace. Saw Esterhazy. At
about \ p. 12 I sent for Albert ; he came to the
Closet where I was alone, and after a few minutes
I said to him, that I thought he must be aware
why I wished them to come here, and that it would
make me too happy if he would consent to what I
wished (to marry me). We embraced each other,
and he was so kind, so affectionate. I told him I
was quite unworthy of him, he said he would be
very happy " das Leben mit dir zu zubringen," and
was so kind, and seemed so happy, that I really felt it
1839] KEEPING THE SECRET 269
was the happiest brightest moment in my life. I
told him it was a great sacrifice, which he wouldn't
allow ; I then told him of the necessity of keeping
it a secret, except to his father and Uncle Leopold
and Stockmar, to whom he said he would send a
Courier next day, and also that it was to be as early
as the beginning of February. I then told him to
fetch Ernest, which he did and he congratulated
us both and seemed very happy. I feel the happiest
of human beings.
At 25 m. p. 1 came Lord Melbourne and stayed
with me till 20 m. p. 2. He was well and had slept
well. Talked of the weather ; he read me a letter
about this Lord Huntingdon, 1 who seems to be very
proud and tenacious of his rights and rank, as Lord
M. already knew, and as his Uncle-in-law Lord
Carew writes. Talked of that, of William Cowper's
coming down, and George Anson ; I then began and
said I had got well through this with Albert. " Oh !
you have," said Lord M. ; and I continued that
he had said he would let no one perceive that any-
thing of the kind had taken place ; that he seemed
very happy, and his brother as happy as him, only
that he (E.) said he was the only loser by it, as his
brother had been everything to him. Lord M.
then said if I had wished to have it immediately
that Parliament must be assembled. He said there
was a great deal of talking going on about it ; Lady
Holland had written about it. Before this Lord M.
said, " You can then (when married) do much more
what you like." " Normanby wishes it," said Lord
M. " He wishes the thing should be done and
thinks it the best." " John Russell said," continued
Lord M. with tears in his eyes, " his only wish is
1 Francis Henry, twelfth Earl.
270 CONCERNING THE DECLARATION i*x.2o
that you should be happy," which I said I hadn't a
doubt of.
Wednesday, 16th October. Talked of Albert's be-
having so wonderfully, so that no one could imagine
that anything had taken place ; Ernest's saying
he couldn't bear it, if he was in such a situation.
" I find you must declare it in Council," said Lord
M., when it is to be announced ; " it is quite done
by you ; you assemble the Privy Councillors and
announce it to them ; that is what George III. did."
Talked of making him a Peer, which Lord M. said
he should like to take other people's opinion upon ;
but I talked of the necessity of his having prece-
dence of everyone else. " There'll be no difficulty
about that," said Lord M., " as everybody will see
the propriety of that." . . .
Saturday, 19th October. Signed. Wrote my
journal. Went into the little room and began a
letter to the Duchess of Northumberland ; my
dearest Albert came to me at 10 m. to 12 and stayed
with me till 20 m. p. 1. Such a pleasant happy
time. He looked over my shoulder and watched
me writing to the Duchess of Northumberland, and
to the Duchess of Sutherland; and he scraped out
some mistakes I had made. I told him I felt so
grateful to him and would do everything to make
him happy. I gave him a ring with the date of
the ever dear to me 15th engraved in it. I also
gave him a little seal I used to wear. I asked if he
would let me have a little of his dear hair.
Later. Talked to Lord M. of Col. Brown ; of
Palmerston being so poorly ; of Saxons, and who
were descended from Saxons or Normans. I asked
what he was ; Saxon, he said ; and Palmerston,
Saxon ; Cowper he wasn't so sure of ; and Paget
1839] THE PAGET FAMILY 271
I thought sounded Norman ; and Lord M. told
me a curious anecdote about the Pagets. " Their
ancestor asked to have a patch of land, which was
this great Beaudesert, and it was given to him,
but they said to him, ' You must call yourself
Patchet.' " The first Lord Coke, Lord M. said,
was accused of acquiring so much property, and he
asked leave to buy one acre more, and that was the
great estate of Castle Acre. Talked of this Patchet.
" I remember her very well," Lord M. replied, " she
was nurse to some of them ; to Lord Hertford, Lady
Louisa Murray and me." I told Lord M. I had
another present for him, which I feared would bore
him. " Oh ! no," he said ; and I told him, as he
had said to me his writing-case was too old, I begged
he would let me offer him one. " I'm very much
obliged to you," he said, " you may depend upon
it I shall always keep it."
Sunday, 2Qth October. At J p. 2 both Ernest and
Albert came to my room and stayed with me till
20 m. p. 3, talking about many things. At p. 3
my kind excellent Lord Melbourne came to me and
stayed with me till 4. He was quite well.
Monday, 2lst October. Talked of my cousins
hunting, and Lord M. said, " William Cowper said
the Prince (Albert) rode like an old hand." Heard
from Lord Melbourne that there was a report in
London that Brougham had been killed by falling
out of a carriage. When I came out of my room
into the Gallery, Lord Uxbridge told us he had seen
the letter from a Mr. Shafto (who had been in the
carriage with Brougham) to Mr. Montgomery, saying
Brougham was killed ; and Lord Uxbridge said there
could be no doubt ; and Mr. Leader so hurt (who
had been also in the carriage) as not thought likely
272 BROUGHAM'S REPORTED DEATH er.20
he would live. The gentlemen came out with us.
I talked to Lord Melbourne about Brougham, and
how it had happened his having been kicked on
the head by the horse and then driven over ; I
observed it was a very striking thing. " Oh ! very ;
I've a great feeling about it myself," said Lord M.,
greatly affected. " I have known him 37 years ;
and somehow or other he always stood by me " ;
which I observed I thought he had certainly not
done, and that it was all Lord M.'s excellent kind
heart. Lord M. thinks he would have come round
to us, and that the death of " a man of weight "
was always a bad thing. Talked of his wife being
ill left. 1
Tuesday, 22nd October. Talked of the accounts
of Brougham and how he had beeji killed. " I've
seen the Chancellor," said Lord M., " and have told
him " (about Albert). We heard before we went out
that Brougham was not dead, and that it was all a
hoax. Too monstrous this is !
Wednesday, 23rd October. At 12 Lord Melbourne
came to me and stayed with me till 1. Talked of
the weather; of a letter of Count d'Orsay's, deny-
ing that he had spread the report about Brougham,
which he was accused of having done. " If Shafto
has really written this letter," said Lord M., " no-
thing on earth will ever make them believe it isn't
Brougham who has written it." I said I heard
D'Orsay and Brougham said they knew for certain
I wouldn't marry Albert. . . .
1 On Tuesday, 22nd October, the Morning Post and Morning Chron-
icle, assuming that the report was well founded, published eloquent and
generous obituary notices, but The Times discredited the rumour.
There had indeed been a carriage accident, but the servants alone had
been injured. It has been assumed that the rumour of his own death
was originated by Brougham himself.
1839] PRECEDENTS 273
Tuesday, 29th October. I then said that both
Albert and I were very much against his being made
a Peer, that he didn't like the idea. " Well," said
Lord M., " if he is against it and you have a leaning
that way we needn't press it." At 6 dearest Albert
came to me and stayed with me till 7. Part of the
time we sat in the Closet, and Albert gave me a ring
just like the one I gave him with the date of the
15th in it. ...
Thursday, 3Ist October. After this Lord M. gave
me some more extracts to read, which Anson had
sent him, about Queen Anne and George of Denmark,
by which it seems he always led the Queen in and sat
on her left hand ; which Lord M. said I could settle
respecting Albert as I liked. They don't seem
certain if George of Denmark had the Garter, which
we both thought very odd. 1 Talked of Albert's
being made a Privy Councillor ; of how the Declara-
tion should be made ; about the end of November
in an open Council, which I thought disagreeable,
but which Lord M. said must be. Of when the
marriage should be ; about the 6th of February
not later.
Friday, 1st November, 1839. After this Lord M.
took up the Annual Register of the year 1761, and
read me an exact and minute account of George III.'s
Declaration to the Council of his Marriage ; of Queen
Charlotte's coming over, her reception, the marriage,
the procession to and from the Chapel Royal, and
all the entertainments that followed it, which must
have been awfully fatiguing. Talked of the whole
being in state, and I said laughing to Lord M. I
thought he said it was not in state, in order to get
1 He was made a K.G., and in his portraits is represented with the
ribbon of the Garter. See post, p. 276.
274 SAYING GRACE r*T.20
out of it, which made him laugh much. " It must
be just the same," he said, of course ; and my train
borne by young ladies ; two of those who carried
Queen Charlotte's train were Lady Sarah Lennox
and Lady Susan Strangways. 1 Talked of my not
being obliged to have so many Fetes as they had ;
of sending two of my gentlemen to bring Albert
over ; the Duchesses of Ancaster * and Hamilton 3
(the Duke of Argyll's mother) went over to fetch her 4 ;
the former was her Mistress of the Robes, and the
latter her Lady of the Bedchamber, for there is an
account of her Household in this same book.
Saturday, 2nd November. Read in Hallam, which
I thought very interesting. Played on the piano.
Wrote my journal. At 20 m. to 12 dearest Albert
came to me, and he went and fetched Ernest. Lord
M. talked of the Duke of Devonshire saying grace
before dinner. " He asked my sister," said Lord
M., " if she thought it looked odd ; she said not,
if he liked it." The Duke said, that as it was always
done when a Clergyman was there, why should it
not be done when a Clergyman was not there ?
but Lady Cowper said the Foreigners couldn't make
out what it meant. Talked of the marriage and my
insisting he (A.) should lead me out, which George III.
had not done Queen Charlotte ; of whether we
should go to Windsor after it or not, which Lord M.
said was for us as we liked ; of Albert's having
George Anson 5 about him, which Lord M. thought
a good plan. I asked what Lady Cowper had said
1 The friend of Lady Sarah Lennox. She married the actor, William
O'Brien.
8 Wife of the third Duke of Ancaster. See Vol. I., p. 313.
8 Elizabeth Gunning. See Vol. I., p. 215.
4 I.e. Queen Charlotte.
8 See Vol. L, p. 69.
<JL. c). C>L. J^
LrcU) -JJA-thes 0j~
<Ju j^&th^f*' cy- <-Jsr t i
<JJu>r / bum
1839] LADY COWPER'S MARRIAGE 275
about Albert. " She thinks him very good-looking,"
he replied ; of which I said he had no idea. . . .
Monday, Uh November. Lord M. said to me, his
sister had told him she had written to old Mr. Henry
Cowper about her marriage, and had received a very
kind letter from him saying that he quite approved
of it ; and she intends to have it in December after
the Cabinets are over. u ' The only person I fear
now,' she said, * is the Queen,' " said Lord M., " 'as
she may think it foolish in a person of my age
marrying.' J> . . .
Friday, 8th November. At 25 m. p. 6 came Lord
Melbourne and stayed with me till 20 m. to 7. He
was in a strange costume, that is to say, light white
and grey striped calico trousers with very large shoes.
I feared I had interrupted him in his sleep, which he
wouldn't allow, but which I think was the case. . . .
Sunday, 10th November. At 11 I went to St.
George's with dearest Albert, Ernest and Mamma
(in my carriage) and the ladies and gentlemen,
and came home at \ p. 1. Lord M. made us
laugh very much by telling us that when they were
making a noise at the dinner in the City, 1 when he
got up to speak, a woman came behind him and
said, " There are a few men against you, but never
mind, all the women are with you." I sat on the
sofa with Albert and we played at that game of
letters, out of which you are to make words, and we
had great fun about them. Albert gave " Pleasure"
and when I said to the people who were puzzling
it out, it was a very common word, Albert said,
But not a very common thing, upon which Lord M.
1 At the Lord Mayor's Dinner on 9th November, Lord Melbourne,
on returning thanks for Her Majesty's Ministers, was received with
considerable uproar.
276 PRINCE ALBERT AND A PEERAGE [^20
said, "Is it truth, or honesty ? " which made us
all laugh. . .?...
Tuesday, 12th November. At 20 m. to 1 Lord
Melbourne came to me and stayed with me till 20
m. p. 1. I then told him Uncle Leopold had written
to Albert urging very strongly his being made a
Peer, 1 which I said we were both so against ; and
that Uncle said he refused it because he could not
have voted with the King's Government. Lord M.
said he had never heard why Uncle refused it, and
why they afterwards refused to give it him when he
wished to have it. Uncle says George of Denmark
was Duke of Kendal 2 ; even if he was, said Lord M.
(which he doubts), he never was called so ; and we
agreed that if A. and I didn't like it, there was no
reason why the thing should be pressed ; for that
it could always be done hereafter. I said Albert
wished to see Lord M. and wished to know if he
might say to Uncle that Lord M. was against it.
Lord M. agreed to this, but said he was anxious it
shouldn't be said he opposed it.
Wednesday, 13th November. He read me a letter
from Normanby, about Col. Thomas J ; one from
1 King Leopold's reason was that he thought the Prince should
have an English name and title. The Queen wrote to the Prince about
this time : " Lord Melbourne told me yesterday that the whole Cabinet
are strongly of opinion that you should not be made a Peer. I will
write that to Uncle."
2 In 1684, the year after his marriage, Prince George was made a
K.G. In 1689 he was naturalised, and created Baron of Ockingham,
Earl of Kendal, and Duke of Cumberland.
3 Colonel Thomas and the officers of the 20th Regiment were present
at a dinner of the Conservative Association of Ashton-under-Lyne,
at which a speech was made by a Mr. Roby containing expressions
most insulting and disrespectful towards the Queen. For not promptly
repudiating these sentiments, Colonel Thomas and the other officers
present were severely censured by the Commander-in-Chief , Lord Hill.
u.* -r
THE BALLOT QUESTION 273
explanation about it, and about people's being un-
able to vote unless they had paid the rates up to the
very day ; and that many people wanted to get
rid of this ; but the Lords did not like that as they
thought it was " meddling with the Reform Bill."
I asked him if he had done anything more about the
Ballot. He replied that he had heard from Lord
John this morning, who said they had best wait the
decision ; he added that Lord John thinks he must
resign if any of the others vote for the Ballot, as
after his very strong declaration against it, he would
consider their voting for it as " passing a censure upon
him " ; Lord Melbourne said he did not quite think
that, and that he thought Lord John took it rather
too seriously ; but he added : " Lord John does."
Lord Melbourne said he thinks it better not to take
much notice of who vote for or against it ; and he
added " we took no notice of it when Lord Charles
Fitzroy voted for it (Ballot) last year ; he is a very
foolish man, I think." I said to him that I believed
the Cabinet were all agreed upon this question ; he
replied they were ; " that is to say either to vote
against its being made an open question, or not to
vote at all." He added that Sir John Hobhouse and
Mr. Poulett Thomson did not vote at all, having he
believed pledged themselves before they came into
the Ministry. . . .Lord Melbourne told me he had
dined at home the night before. Spoke to him about
the play of Richard III., and of Kean ; spoke of
Richard III. himself, who he (Ld. M.) believes to
have been crooked and deformed, and to have
murdered the two young Princes ; though, he said,
that great pains had been taken to trace it all in
the Historical Doubts by Horace Walpole and to
prove the contrary. He also mentioned the well-
274 WELLINGTON'S MANNER [*r. is
known old story of the old Countess of Desmond, 1
who " said she had danced with him " (Richard)
" the night of his Coronation and that he was a very
handsome man." Spoke of the Duke of Wellington ;
he said " The Duke of Wellington is amazingly sen-
sible to attention ; nothing pleases him so much as
if one asks him his opinion about anything." He
added that many people were offended with the
Duke's abrupt manner of speaking ; I observed that
I thought that was only a manner, and that he did
not mean it so. " No more do I," replied Lord
Melbourne. Spoke of Lord Ebrington, who Lord
Melbourne has known a long while and says is a
clever man and possesses a considerable influence
over Lord John ; Lord Tavistock also he added, has
influence over his brother John ; " but," said Lord
Melbourne, " Lord Tavistock has also got some
strange notions ; he lives a great deal in the country ;
and people who live a great deal in the country pick
up strange ideas." I asked him if he thought there
would be much opposition to the Irish Poor Laws in
the House of Lords. " I think there will be none,"
he said. " I don't think there will be any difficulty
about any of the Questions it's only this Ballot."
I asked him if he had seen Lord John about it. He
replied that others had, but that " I don't like to
speak to him about it ; I feel rather awkward about
speaking to him about it, as last year he wanted me
to make it an open question and I refused ; and now
1 Catherine, widow of the twelfth Earl of Desmond, died in 1604,
having survived her husband seventy years. There seems much doubt
about the principal dates of her life, e.g. those of her birth and mar-
riage, but she is said to have attained the remarkable age of 140 years,
and to have died by a fall from a cherry-tree. Sir Walter Raleigh
records that he knew her and that she " was married in Edward IV.'s
time."
18363 TROOPS IN CANADA 275
that I want him to relax he would say, * Why, what
have you to say ? ' " He said Lord John was " very
unbendable " about it. Lord Melbourne wanted
him not to be so very particular about it, and let
them vote for or against it (its being an open ques-
tion) and not take much notice of it ; but Lord John
said that after his declaration that would affect him.
I asked who were the others who wanted to vote for
it. " Why, Sir Hussey Vivian is the one of the
greatest consequence, and Parnell," l he replied.
" The fact is, Vivian should not have pledged him-
self ; he carried his election in a way he should not
have done."
Wednesday, 7th February. Lord Melbourne said he
had just been to see Lord Durham " who wants more
force." He (Ld. D.) said that the Duke of Wellington
had told him he ought to have 75,000 men in Canada,
to put it down. Lord Melbourne further told me
that the Duke of Wellington had been to see Lord
Durham on Friday, he thinks ; stayed with him for
an hour and a half ; had gone with him through the
whole thing, had told him how to manage the troops
by sending them from one place to another, and told
him all his ideas of doing the thing. Lord Melbourne
seemed quite pleased about it. 2 I showed Lord Mel-
bourne a letter I had got from Stockmar, about
which Lord Melbourne said he would write to Stock-
mar. Spoke about my asking Sir Robert Peel &c.
to dinner, which led us to speak about Lady Ashley,
1 Henry Brooke Parnell had been member for Maryborough in the
Irish House of Commons, and was now member for Dundee. He was
made Paymaster-General on that office being constituted in 1838.
Afterwards created Lord Congleton.
* The Duke never allowed political feeling to interfere with what
he considered public duty. As a politician he was a Tory j but as a
soldier he had no politics.
276 LORD ELLENBOROUGH tr. is
who, Lord Melbourne says, is decided in her politics,
though not violent ; she is a Tory ; Lord Melbourne
says she does not talk about it much ; but he thinks
she has at one time discussed it with her mother,
who of course is a Whig ; I said I supposed Lady
Fanny had no ideas of her own about Politics ; he
replied, " Why I think she is a Tory." I was sur-
prised ; said laughing I thought it very wrong, and
very odd, as all her brothers were Whigs. Spoke to
him at dinner about various things ; he told me Mr.
Roebuck is a small man with " small finely cut
features," and that he speaks well " plainly, with-
out ornament."
Thursday, 8th February. He said he thought there
would be some debate in the H. of Lords about the
third reading of the Canada bill tonight ; he thinks
Lord Ellenborough l will speak. I asked him if he
(Ld. E.) was a clever man ; he replied, " He is a dis-
agreeable, conceited man, but a clever man." . . .
Lord Melbourne told me today that when he was as
young as Lord Canning is now, he " was very shy " ;
" I think I was about as shy as anybody could be,"
he said.
Friday, 9th February. Got the following commu-
nication from Lord Melbourne. " The Canada Bill
was read a third time yesterday evening without
division, but after a Debate which lasted until ten
1 Lord Ellenborough (1790-1871) was a son of the Chief Justice,
and sat in several Conservative Cabinets. He was Governor-General
of India in 1844, and recalled from his post by the directors of the
East India Company in opposition to the wish of the Cabinet, who at
once recommended him for an earldom. He was too imaginative and
daring for the post of Governor-General at this period of Indian ad-
ministrative history ; but his memory was often revived in the
person of a more daring and more brilliant successor in that high
office.
1839] THE RELIGIOUS QUESTION 281
he would get these papers copied for me. Talked of
my marriage ; of the Chapel Royal ; of the possi-
bility of having it at Buckingham Palace ; not at
Westminster Abbey, as that would be like a 2nd
Coronation. Lord M. read a note from a Mr. Pen-
nington of the Treasury about Albert's income. . . .
Friday, 6th December. Talked of the attacks
against the omission of the word " Protestant " in
the Declaration. "You mustn't think it belongs to
the Party," l said Lord M., " now you'll see not one
word will be said about it in Parliament " ; that he
heard Lyndhurst deplored it very much; I thought
it was Croker's doing, as he had asked Lord M.
about the word Protestant being left out. Lord M.
said he on purpose left out what was put in
George III.'s Declaration, which was, that the
Princess was a lineal descendant of a House which
had always been warmly attached to the Protes-
tant Religion, as that didn't say anything about
her religion ; and Lord M. said he left that out on
purpose not to attract attention, as else they would
have said that wasn't true, and that many of the
family had collapsed into Catholicism. . . .
Saturday, 7th December. Talked of Philip, Queen
Mary's husband, having been Titular King of Eng-
land, which however Lord M. said he disliked so
much, and that he disliked her. Talked of Princess
Charlotte having always said she would make Uncle
King if she came to the Throne. Talked of
William III. having insisted on being King de facto,
which Bishop Burnet settled with Queen Mary for
him, and William said he (Bp. B.) had settled in
an hour what he had been contemplating for years.
I said she (Mary) was a cruel woman, which Lord
1 The Tory Party.
II 19*
282 ARRANGING THE MARRIAGE TREATY [*r.20
M. wouldn't allow, and said, "She had been the
handsomest woman in Europe." l He said William
always left her to settle his affairs while he was
abroad; she died in '93 or '94, he thinks. Talked
of Queen Anne, who he said had also been handsome,
which I said couldn't be the case, and that the Bust
of her in the Gallery here was very ugly. " That
was done when she was old," said Lord M., " when
she had had 15 or 16 children."
Sunday, 8th December. Uncle is also full of the
necessity of a Marriage Treaty. " I think the best,
Ma'am, would be," said Lord M., " if you approve,
for Stockmar to be instructed with all they wish to
be done, and to be sent over here directly, so as to
settle it here before the Meeting of Parliament,"
which I quite agreed in. Lord M. observed Uncle
thought a Treaty safer, and perhaps it might be,
though he thought an Act of Parliament equally so.
Talked of my letter from Albert being from Coburg.
Talked of sending a drawing of these Arms to Albert,
and how we should settle about the Seal. "The
Arms 2 are rather a ticklish thing to meddle with,"
said Lord M., " as they are not your arms but the
arms of the Country," which is very true. . . .
Tuesday, IQth December. Talked of those papers
of the late King's, which I begged Lord M. to speak
to Wheatley about, and which we agreed ought to
have been kept in the Family. 3
1 It is difficult to imagine the source from which the Queen had
gathered this impression of Queen Mary. It was probably the un-
qualified inference from the fact that she never showed much tenderness
towards her father, James II.
2 The Queen had sent a little drawing of the Arms made by herself
to the Prince at Coburg.
8 There is some misapprehension here, as there is no reason to suppose
that the papers of William IV. were ever in the hands of Sir H. Wheatley.
1839] THE CHANCELLOR ON PRECEDENCE 283
Wednesday, llth December. " Here's the Chan-
cellor's answer about this bill of naturalization," said
Lord M. "I wrote to him to consider it," and Lord
M. then read it ; he thinks the same course as that
pursued in Uncle Leopold's case should be followed ;
and agreed that Albert should certainly have prece-
dence l over the Royal Dukes. u And now he men-
tions what I never thought of when I talked of it to
Your Majesty, * and even I think before the Queen's
Children? " Lord M. read. Lord M. then said he
thought he never could go before the Prince of Wales,
before the Heir- Apparent ; but I said they never
could go before their father. The Chancellor con-
cludes by saying, it would be very disagreeable if
the Parties concerned were not to concur; I said
I felt certain both the Duke of Sussex and the Duke
of Cambridge would not object to this, and that
otherwise Albert's position would not be bearable.
He talked of Mrs. Hamilton (Margaret Dillon), and
Lord M. asked, " How many children ? Why, the
measure of married happiness is to have a great
number of children," said Lord M. . . .
Wednesday, 18th December. Then he talked of a
mistake there was in those " points " they had
written from Coburg, viz. that I had the right to
appoint my Husband Regent, which I have not.
Lord M. says he must consult the Chancellor about
many other things. George IV. bought a good deal
of property, he said. There was a bill brought in,
in George III.'s reign, Lord M. continued, enabling
him to make a will, which till then no King
could. . . .
1 Lord Melbourne ultimately advised the Queen that it was unneces-
sary to say anything about the Prince's precedence in the Bill, as she
could, by her own Sovereign Act, grant him any precedence she pleased.
284 POWERS OF APPOINTMENT [2ET.20
Sunday, 22nd December. I continued Albert's
position would be too difficult if he must go after
all, that he ought to have the title of King, that
power wasn't worth having if I couldn't even
give him the rank he ought to have. " You can't
give it him but by Act of Parliament," 1 said Lord
M. "Here's the Chancellor's answer to that letter"
(those questions and propositions from Coburg),
which Lord M. then read to me, and which are
very clear and good. Respecting the Succession
to Coburg, he says they may settle there what they
like, to which we shall not dissent but agree ; but
that we cannot legislate here about a Foreign Succes-
sion. He states likewise that I cannot appoint
Albert Guardian to my children for that if my son
was of age when I died, he, as King, would be Guar-
dian of his brothers and sisters, and if he were not
of age, then there would be a Regency. " These are
our laws," he said, and he added laughing, " I don't
know if they are right." He wished me to send a
copy of these answers to Albert, and he would send
one to Uncle Leopold.
Monday, 23rd December. Lord M. said how
singular it was, that since William the Conqueror,
that there had only been 3 Queens, and that those
were only Queens by extraordinary circumstances ;
the title of Prince of Wales only belongs to a man,
he said, there can be no Princess of Wales (in her
own right). Talked of Queen Mary having been a
good deal persecuted and ill-used by Edward VI.,
and Lord M. said, as a proof, Edward said he hoped
he should not be obliged to proceed to violent
measures against her. Talked of Hallam's not having
1 This refers to the Title of King. Any other rank the Queen could
bestow by her own act.
1839]
THE CHRISTMAS SERVICE
285
a good opinion of Cranmer ; saying what he had
done when he became Archbishop, but that as he
was burnt, everybody thought him a Saint. Lord
M. said he was " very shuffling," and that he heard
that somebody was going to publish a life of Cranmer,
tending to lower him very much in the eyes of the
world, upon which the Archbishop of Canterbury
wrote to say he had better not do it, " not rake all
that up," for that " after all he is our first Protestant
Archbishop."
Lord M. was very well and in high spirits ;
talked of the long Paper I had sent him (a Historical
Sketch of our Saxon Ancestors, which Albert sent
me, and which I sent off immediately to Lord M.
without reading it). " I've read it," Lord M. re-
plied ; " it told me a good deal, though I knew a good
deal before." Talked to Lord M. of Albert's being
anxious of who he should have about him. . . .
Wednesday, 25th December (Xmas Day). Got up
at J p. 9 and breakfasted at 10 m. to 10. Read
one of Arnold's sermons and part of another ; they
are so fine. At 11 I went to church with Mamma and
all the ladies and gentlemen. Besides Mamma Lord
Melbourne, Lord and Lady Normanby, Lord and Lady
Albemarle, Lord and Lady Kinnaird, Lord Byron
and Lady Fanny were with me in the Closet. They
sang a beautiful anthem by Handel, " There were
shepherds " ; I never heard anything so beautiful
as the boy's voice. We stayed upstairs during all
the prayers in the Communion Service, and then
went down, and we all knelt before the Altar ; that
is I, Mamma, Lady Normanby, my 3 ladies, Lord
Melbourne, Lord Normanby, Lord and Lady Albe-
marle, Lady Fanny, and Lord Byron. It was a fine
and solemn scene in this fine old Chapel. I felt
286 DR. GOODALL [JET. 20
for one, my dearest Albert, and wished he could
be by my side, also dear Lehzen, but was very
glad Lord Melbourne was there, the one whom I
look up to as a father, and I was glad he took it
with me.
Thursday, 26th December. Talked of a violent
speech of O'ConnelPs I had seen in the papers, an-
nouncing war against the Tories. 1 . . .
Sunday, 29th December. Talked of the Provost
of Eton, 2 his having looked so ill at church. Lord M.
always liked him, and said he taught so well. " Very
clever man," said Lord M., " he wrote Latin verses
as quick as he could speak ; I think he made his
house gentlemanlike, which was rather wanted when
I was there ; he was what is the worst thing for a
schoolmaster, a timid man ; he was a very good-
natured man. Schoolboys certainly are the greatest
set of blackguards," he continued ; " sure sign of a
shuffling blackguard at school, is to have no hat, and
a great-coat without another coat under it, and no
book." . . .
Tuesday, 31st December. Talked of Lady Ailes-
bury's 3 sending me something from Paris, her wish-
ing to be about me. " I like her," said Lord M. ;
1 At Bandon, after an outburst of sentimental loyalty over the
Queen's engagement, O'Connell observed : " The moment I heard
of the daring and audacious menaces of the Tories towards the Sove-
reign, I promulgated, through the press, my feelings of detestation and
my determination on the matter. Oh ! if I be not greatly mistaken,
I'd get, in one day, 500,000 brave Irishmen to defend the life, the
honour, and the person of the beloved young lady by whom England's
throne is now filled."
2 Dr. Goodall. See Vol. I., p. 119.
8 Maria Elizabeth, daughter of the Hon. Charles Tollemache, wife
of the first Marquess of Ailesbury. A well-known figure hi London
society throughout the reign of the Queen, she was held in high and
affectionate esteem under the sobriquet of " Lady A."
1839] CHARACTER AND SEVERITY 287
" she is one of my sort of women." Talked of Miss
Pitt l having behaved very well about her brother,
and her brother regretting the life he led. " Most
people are sorry," said Lord M., " except me, I never
was sorry " ; which I said was very wrong. Talked of
Albert's having such a fear of our not putting people
of good character about him. Lord M. said, " Lady
William " (Russell) * " said the Prince's character is
such as is highly approved at a German university,
but which would be subject to some ridicule at
ours " ; as Lord M. said formerly, any attention to
morality in universities was ridiculed, which I said
was too shocking. I said funnily I thought Lord M.
didn't like Albert so much as he would if he wasn't
so strict. u Oh ! no, I highly respect it," said Lord
M. I then talked of A.'s saying I ought to be
severe about people. " Then you'll be liable to
make every sort of mistake. In this country all
should go by law and precedent," said Lord M., " and
not by what you hear." 3
1 Miss Pitt's two brothers were the fourth and sixth Lords Rivers.
She married in 1841 Mr. Charles Dashwood Bruce. See Vol. I.,
p. 211.
* Lord William Russell (elder brother of Lord John) was some-
time British Minister at Berlin. Lady William was a niece of the first
Marquess of Hastings.
3 It must be remembered that the Prince was little over nineteen
years old, and that his standards of right and wrong, always high
and noble, were tinged at this time with the uncompromising severity
of youth. In after-years he adopted to the full Lord Melbourne's
formula, and never acted upon hearsay.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER XVII
AT the beginning of 1840, a year pregnant with changes vital
to the Queen as Sovereign and to her happiness as a woman, Lord
Melbourne, her Minister and friend of long standing, was still at
her right hand.
The political fates had been kind. It was to Lord Melbourne,
and not to a comparative stranger, that the girl-Queen announced
her intention of asking Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg to become
her Consort ; and it was not from formal lips, but from the heart
of a devoted mentor and friend that the words of approval and
congratulation flowed. No one but Lord Melbourne could have
said to her in homely language, " You will be very much more
comfortable, for a woman cannot stand alone for any time, in
whatever position she may be " ; and no one during the trying
months that followed, in which the joys of a love-match were
blended with the irritation caused by displays of party spirit in
Parliament, could have filled Lord Melbourne's place in the eyes of
the fatherless girl, who stood without a male protector of any kind.
Lord Melbourne took leave of the Queen with his usual cheerful
and kindly smile. " For four years I have seen you every day ;
but it is so different now to what it would have been in 1839."
This allusion to the political crisis of the previous year, and to
the difference between ceding his place to Peel or to the Prince,
was the note of parting. He was about to feel the quality of the
difference in his daily life. The fragrance had been too pungent.
From this hour Lord Melbourne's vitality began to fade. He
was only sixty-three, a young Prime Minister, as years are now
counted in the lives of statesmen. His place remained unfilled
throughout the reign of the Queen. A virile personality had stepped
between her and all men. Prince Albert was a mere boy, but he
grew rapidly in the sight of all, and from Prince in name he became
King in fact, and the " Permanent Minister " of the Queen. She
was soon to determine that if he could not be, as she wished,
King-Consort, he should never play the " subordinate part played
by the very stupid and insignificant husband of Queen Anne."
These were her words, and they covered an intention from which
she never swerved and which the Prince more than fulfilled.
It is upon the threshold of twenty-one years of supreme happi-
ness that the last words of these published Journals leave her.
Their concluding phrase dramatically rings down a curtain,
which may never be lifted, upon a love-story interwoven with the
fate of the country that Victoria and Albert ruled together and
the Empire that grew apace under their auspices.
No one living is ever likely to see much more of the inner
life of Queen Victoria, or the secret working of our political in-
stitutions, viewed from the standpoint of her Throne.
These Journals show a Queen in the making, and a Queen
whose imperishable fame is engraved, with that of Elizabeth,
upon the hearts of her people.
288
1838] *Y \> CONCERNING CHILDREN 285
without asking him about it, came over to Badminton
and wished the King to hear the case, which put
the King into the greatest passion and he exclaimed,
" What ! am I to be followed all over the country
with the Recorder's report ? " . . . Spoke to Lord
Melbourne about Lord John's child, and the anxiety
of having one child only. I observed to him how-
ever that I did not think having more than one
child lessened the anxiety about them ; for if per-
sons loved their children, they would be just as
anxious if one of the many was ill, and would feel
the loss of one as much as if he or she had but that
one. Lord Melbourne said he thought quite so too ;
but that somehow or other " if there are many,
they have seldom anything the matter with them."
He added " it is not the right affection for a child, if
they love them only as being their heir, or for keeping
up their name." He said he was going home after
he had left the Palace, as he had a great deal to do.
He thinks his sister had better go out of town, as
she is not well, and out of spirits since she is in Lon-
don. I spoke of sons-in-law and daughters-in-law
and observed that I thought daughters-in-law seldom
got on well with their mothers-in-law, in which Lord
Melbourne quite agreed ; whereas the sons-in-law
they generally were fond of. I asked him how his
sister agreed with the young Lady Cowper. " Pretty
well," he replied, " but I don't think she forms any
exception to the rule." Lady Ashley and Lady
Fanny, he said, liked their sister-in-law, but had also
a certain feeling about it ; " they don't like to see
her in the same place where they used to see their
mother." Spoke of the very strange custom in
Russia that on Easter Sunday everybody who chooses
is allowed to kiss the Empress, saying at the same
286 A LEVEE [*r.i8
time " Christ is risen." Lord Melbourne told me an
anecdote of the Emperor of Russia. " He said to a
sentinel, c Christ is risen,' and the man answered, c No,
he is not ' ; the Emperor started and repeated, ' Christ
is risen ' ; the man again said, c No, he is not, for I
am a Jew.' The Emperor said, c You are quite
right.' ' I was quite happy to see the very amicable
and friendly terms on which the Duke and my ex-
cellent friend were ; it is impossible for Lord Mel-
bourne to be otherwise almost with anybody, and
the Duke having behaved very well lately, and being
likewise an open, frank man, it renders it easy for
them to be so. . . .
Thursday, I5th February. I sat on the sofa with
the Duchess of Sutherland, the Duke of Sutherland
and Lord Durham sitting near us. Lord Durham
spoke of the King of Greece l ; says he is remarkably
plain and mean-looking, very shy and awkward in
society, and en fin unable to do anything. The Sultan, 2
whom he also saw, he describes as a fine-looking
but not " thorough-bred " looking man ; short and
dark, with an expression of treachery in his eyes. . . .
Wednesday, 2Ist February. At about a J p. 2 I
went into the Throne room for the Levee with my
Ladies &c., and all the Household and the Ministers
being in the room. The only person who I was very
anxious to see and whom I was much interested to
have seen, was O'Connell, who was presented, and
of course, as everybody does when they are presented,
kissed hands. He was in a full wig as one of the
1 King Otho had accepted the throne of Greece in October 1832,
and ascended it three months later. This was done in virtue of a re-
quest from Greece to Great Britain, France, and Russia.
8 Mahmud II., Sultan (1808-39), succeeded in the latter year by
Abdul-Medjid.
1838] A QUESTION OF PENSIONS 287
Queen's Councillors in Ireland, and not in the brown
Brutus wig he generally wears. He is very tall,
rather large, has a remarkably good-humoured
countenance, small features, small clever blue eyes,
and very like his caricatures ; there were likewise
two of his sons, Morgan and John O'Connell ; his son-
in-law, Mr. Fitzsimon, and his nephew John Morgan
O'Connell. Lord Melbourne told me that one of my
pensioners, a Sir John Lade, 1 one of George IV.'s
associates, was dead ; spoke of him, of another called
George Lee ; of old Mrs. Fox, who Lord Melbourne
knew formerly ; he said of Mr. Fox, " he took great
notice of me." Mr. Fox died on the 13th of September
1806. Spoke of Nelson, &c., &c. He spoke of the
Committee on the Pensions which was going on ;
that it was a very fair Committee, and that there
had only been a difficulty about one case, which was
a curious one, and which is a pension given to two
French ladies, Madame de Rohan and Madame de
Longueville, daughters of the Due de Biron. Lord
Melbourne told me how they came to get it, which
is as follows, and in telling which he became quite
affected and his eyes filled with tears. When Lord
Rodney went to Paris just before he obtained his
great victory, he was arrested for debt, as (Lord
Melbourne said) he was always without a shilling in
the world ; and the Due de Biron said, " Though we
are enemies, still it is too bad that a great English
officer should be arrested for debt here," and he paid
his debts for him. Afterwards when the Due de
Biron's daughters, Mmes. de Rohan and Longue-
ville, who are the first nobility in France, got into
distress, they sent a statement to George III. of
1 Of some fame, but little merit. He managed the stables of
George IV., when Prince of Wales.
288 COURT ETIQUETTE DOT. is
what their father had done for Lord Rodney, and
George III. gave them a pension. Spoke of O'Con-
nell, and George IV., to whose Levee in Dublin he
(O'Connell) went ; Lord Melbourne said that O'Con-
nell declared he heard George IV. distinctly say
(when he passed) to some one, " God damn him."
Lord Melbourne said that George IV. was in a very
awkward position when he was in Ireland, for that
the whole country was in a ferment of enthusiasm
believing the King to be for the Catholic Emancipa-
tion, whereas in his heart he was against it. I said
to Lord Melbourne that there was rather a disagree-
able business about Lord Durham's wishing me to
receive Lady at Court, which, if she had been
refused at the late Court, it would, I feared, be im-
possible for me to do. Lord Melbourne said, " It
will not do for you to reverse a sentence passed by
the late Court in the beginning of your reign ; I
quite agree with you that you cannot do this." He
said that in general with respect to receiving people
it was better to go according to what had been
determined by a Court of Justice and if there was
nothing against them there, to receive them and not
to inquire into what their early lives had been. 1 . . .
Friday, 23rd February. I lamented my being so
short, which Lord M. smiled at and thought no mis-
fortune. Spoke to him of the Levee, the place where
I stood which some people objected to, which led him
to speak of the old Court in the time of George III.,
when a Levee and also a Drawing-room was like an
1 This rule was followed with invariable and prudent strictness by
the Queen throughout her reign. She was never swayed in action by
gossip, however subtle or ill-natured she required proof ; and this rule
governed her decision in regard to disputes as to the eligibility of all
persons to be invited to Court.
1840] KING LEOPOLD ILL 298
of my thinking this new Penny Postage was disliked
by the higher classes. Talked of Albert's not quite
understanding about his Household, and about the
Treasurer, which however, I said, I should make
him easily understand. " Don't let any difficulty
stand in the way about George Anson," l said Lord
M. kindly, but I said G. Anson was the fit person
and that I should easily make him understand it.
" If I had thought of it," Lord M. continued, " it
would have been best if Stockmar had come over
directly. He didn't like to press himself," Lord M.
said. Talked of Stockmar's thinking Uncle Leopold
so very ill ; " I'm very sorry for that," said Lord
M. I said independent of the great loss he would be
for us all, what a dreadful thing it would be for the
country. " Would throw us all into confusion,"
said Lord M. ; that there must be a Regency then,
and who could it be ? they might name her, he said,
but I replied she would not have the nerve for it.
" Perhaps she would if she was put to it," he said.
" That was the great thing about Queen Mary," he
continued, " when he (William III.) was in Ireland
he could leave her with perfect safety and confidence,
and she managed so well."
Saturday, \\ih January. " We have nearly
settled upon the speech," said Lord M. as he un-
locked a box and took the Speech out of it. " This
is the amount of it," he said, showing it me ; and he
then read it in his usual fine way ; I said it was
rather long ; " I told you it would be so," he re-
1 George Anson (see ante, p. 37) was private secretary to Lord
Melbourne. At first the Prince resented the selection of Anson to
act in a similar capacity for him ; but they became ultimately firm
friends. Anson was a faithful and most judicious servant to the
Prince until his premature death in 1849.
1120
294 LORD NORTH AND HIS TUTOR [JET. 20
plied, " there is so much to say ; we have not quite
settled that end ; there may be some alterations ; it'll
do if you get it Tuesday morning ? " which I said it
would. Talked of the Penny Postage there were
112,000 letters last night, Lord M. said. Talked of
the marriage of my Aunts ; of the Duke of York
(George III.'s brother). The Duke of Cumberland
(his brother) Lord M. remembers ; he came down
with George IV. to Brocket, a little man, also in
the Navy, and gay; he and the Duke of Gloster
were great Whigs, and the Duke of Cumberland
hated the Clergy.
Sunday, 12th January. Talked of the new Post-
age. " My Tutor at Eton was the best person I ever
knew for folding up letters," said Lord M. They
asked him if he learnt it of him. " Oh ! no," he re-
plied, " I'm a very blundering fellow at it," which
made us laugh. " When Lord North was at school,"
Lord M. continued, " his Tutor told him, * You're a
blundering blockhead, and if you are Prime Minister
it'll always be the same ' ; * and it turned out to be
so,' Lord North said " ; Lord M. told this so delight-
fully. We were seated as usual, Lord Melbourne
sitting near me. They were talking of Paget l who is
studying at Edinburgh. " They never taught him
anything before," Lord M. said, " and now they've
launched him at Edinburgh, and God knows what
he may learn." The Paget system is never to learn
anything, and this they steadily adhere to ; "I
don't mean her," he said, looking at Matilda. 8
Talked of the Universities in Scotland having
gone down excessively. I showed him the Duchess
1 See Vol. L, p. 363.
8 Miss Paget, the Maid of Honour, niece of Lord Anglesey. See
Vol. I., p. 230.
1840] CONCERNING HOSTILE SPEECHES 295
of Gloster's letter giving a better account of the
Landgravine. Talked of Albert's people ; Lord
M. heard Lord Colborne l recommended ; talked
of that ; Stockmar's saying Albert had no idea how
high parties ran here ; of its being worse within
these last 2 years, and that I was sure it couldn't go
on so. " Oh ! it will, it'll lumber along," Lord M.
answered. "You mustn't mind those speeches, 2
that'll never do if they hear you mind them ;
it's giving them your head, as they say in fighting,
to pound upon ; dear me ! if I chose to go and make
abusive speeches," he continued, " I could kill a
great many of these people." He said the attacks
on George III. were atrocious ; and he agreed with
me it was a shocking thing. He said Uncle Leopold
was very right in saying that character was every-
thing, and that therefore the attempt of one's
enemies was to do everything to ruin that character,
"which is a horrible practice." I told him I
heard he had been cross with Lady Holland the last
time he dined there and had told her she hated
all her friends. " Who told you that ? " Lord M.
asked. " It's true," he continued, and that
he told her she had a spite against J. Russell,
Duncannon and Minto, whom she had known as
children. " I wonder at your hearing that," he
added.
Monday, 13th January. I asked if on the Wed-
1 Nicholas William Ridley-Colborne (second son of Sir Matthew
White-Ridley) was for over a quarter of a century an M.P. on the
Whig side. At Lord Melbourne's instance, he was created a peer, as
Lord Colborne, in May 1839. He was a patron of art, and bequeathed
several pictures to the National Gallery.
2 The Tories, at this time, were raising vexatious objections to the
Queen's marriage, and doing what they could to minimize the im-
portance of the Prince.
296 MELBOURNE ON STOCKMAR tex.20
ding day, as I should not drive in full state, and
Albemarle said he did not make a point of going
with me, I should take Mamma with me. " Yes, I
think so," said Lord M. "I think it would be a
very right thing to do on that day." Talked of the
Treaty being settled easily ; of the Cabinet dinner at
the Chancellor's in the evening. " We shall settle
the Speech to-night," he said, " and let you have it
to-morrow morning." I said I felt very nervous
about reading it and beginning with my Marriage.
" If you say it to 20, or 20,000, it's the same thing,"
he said, which is true enough.
Tuesday, I4th January. Talked of other things ;
of absurd reports in the papers of Lord M.'s resign-
ing after my marriage ; he said he never dropt a
word which could give rise to such a report. " I'm
afraid it's our own people who spread these reports,"
he said, " Bannerman and Ellice " (who always go
together). " When people say a report prevails it
generally makes me suspect that they spread it,"
Lord M. said. Talked of Stockmar, and how he
was, and Lord M. said, " I should like to see him
when he has seen people and made his estimate
of the state of things ; I think he is about
the cleverest man I ever knew in my life," he
added, " a little misanthropic " ; and a good man,
I said. " An excellent man," Lord M. replied,
" he has rather a contempt of human affairs
and means ; a bad digestion." I said to Lord
M. I could not help thinking William C. did
not seem quite happy at his mother's marriage.
" Can't help being a feeling," Lord M. replied;
"Lord Cowper was a man whom people so loved
and admired."
Wednesday, 1 5th January. Talked of some
borthtuib ' JMJ
1840] THE OPENING OF PARLIAMENT 297
people wishing this Precedence should be limited
to my life, which I said I never would do. " It
wouldn't be handsome," Lord M. said. The Act
of Parliament, Lord M. says, only gives me power
to give him precedence as I please, and then the
actual precedence is done by an Order in Council.
At a J p. 3 Lord Melbourne came to me upstairs
and stayed with me till \ p. 3. I feared I had
let him wait ; talked of his being tired. I asked
what was the opinion of the Government about my
going to the House or not. " There was a little
difference of opinion, but upon the whole they think
it is better you should go," said Lord M. I wished
it, I said ; Duncannon and Clarendon doubted about
my going in person.
Thursday, I6th January. At J p. 1 I set off in
the State Coach, with Lord Albemarle and the Duch-
ess of Sutherland, and the whole procession just
as usual, to the House of Lords. The House was
very full ; my good Lord Melbourne just as usual
standing close next to me. Wonderful to say, I
was less nervous than I had ever been. The Duke
of Cambridge was there. There was an immense
crowd of people outside, and both coming and going
I was loudly cheered, more so than I have been for
some time. Uxbridge told me the Duke of Wellington
had made a sad mistake by moving that the word
Protestant be put into the address, and saying 1
it was left out to please O'Connell ! ! and that Lord
Melbourne had replied beautifully to it. Then that
1 The Queen wrote to the Prince that " The Tories make a great
disturbance, saying that you are a Papist, because the words a
Protestant Prince have not been put into the Declaration a
thing which would be quite unnecessary, seeing that I cannot marry
a Papist."
1120*
298 YARDE-BULLER'S MOTION [*T.20
Sir John Yarde-Buller 1 had given notice in the House
of C. of a Motion on the 28th of want of confidence
in Ministers ! ! I was so angry. Immediately after
dinner I wrote to Lord M. begging he would come.
Meanwhile I received a letter from him giving an
account of the Debate ; and very soon after a note
saying he was undressed, but would dress and
come directly. At \ p. 10 my good Lord Melbourne
came and stayed with me till 5 m. to 11. I saw him
upstairs as of a morning. I said I was shocked to
have made him come out, but that I hadn't then
received his box, and Uxbridge had alarmed me.
He was quite dressed, really so very, very kind of
him to come. The Duke of W. had been very
foolish, he said ; Lord M., however, consented to the
word being inserted. " J. Russell sent to say he
wished it should be put in," Lord M. said, " as he
thought there might be an awkward division about
it in the House of Commons." Lord M. asked if I
had heard from the H. of C. ; I replied I had about
this Notice of Sir J. Yarde-Buller's, but that I
thought there could be no alarm about it. "No, I
hope not," Lord M. replied, and we agreed this was
the best shape they could put it into for us, as our
people will be sure to go with us upon this. " They
say they wish to see which is the strongest," Lord
M. said. Talked of a General Election. " We have
always lost (by that) hitherto since the Reform Bill,"
he said.
Friday, 17th January. After dinner Lord Mel-
1 Disraeli in his Life of Bentinck calls Sir John Yarde-Buller
Peel's " choice and pattern country gentleman, whom he had himself
selected and invited to move a vote of want of confidence in the Whig
Government, in order, against the feeling of the court, to instal Sir
Robert Peel in their stead."
1840] WILLIAM AND MARY 299
bourne and I looked at the picture of Albert. " The
head is like," he said, " very good fine expression
melancholy " (as it is), " which is good for a picture."
Lord M. don't like a fine hand or a fat hand for a
man. He made me laugh by saying, " The arms
are one of the principal points in a woman." He
looked at the picture of Queen Mary (which with
one of William III. and 2 other portraits have re-
placed those 4 landscapes), and he said, " She was
the handsomest woman in Europe ; I consider her
as the first of the Stuarts ; she managed everything
so well, and the perfect confidence he had in her,"
We looked at William III., whom he again praised
very much and said wasn't cruel. " It was only
that accident at Glencoe," he said. . . .
Sunday , 19th January. Talked of Albert's in-
difference about Ladies, and Lord M. said, " A little
dangerous, all that is, it's very well if that holds,
but it doesn't always," Lord M. said. I said this
was very wrong of him, and scolded him for it.
" It's what I said at Windsor ; I think I know
human nature pretty well." I said not the best of
human nature. " I've known the best of my time,"
he said, " and I've read of the best."
Monday, 2Qth January. Talked of Mr. Wakley l
attacking the Tories for disloyalty. Talked of Hallam
and my liking it so much ; his giving an account of
the persecutions in Elizabeth's reign ; of Queen Mary
1 Mr. Wakley was Radical M.P. for Finsbury and founder and
editor of The Lancet. Sir E. Knatchbull had complained of the want
of notice ; Mr. Wakley said not one in a hundred of the members
who went with the Speaker was a Conservative, whereupon Mr.
Blackstone retorted that not only was he there, but to his surprise
had seen the brother of a Cabinet Minister in the Queen's presence
" dressed in a cut-off green coat with brass buttons," although the
Court at the time was in mourning.
300 "HALLAM'S HISTORY' 3 [n.20
of Scots and her innocence. "All the ladies take
Queen Mary's part," Lord M. said, " all those who
reason like Hallam do quite admit her to be guilty,
and all those who consult their feelings, do not."
Talked of Darnley's murder, which I maintained her
not to have knowledge of, but which Lord M. says
she did know of. "I think she was quite right to
have him knocked on the head," Lord M. said
funnily, which made me laugh. Talked of Rizzio's
murder, and poor Mary's cruel fate. Lord M. said
Elizabeth was very reluctant to have her executed,
and that the whole country demanded it. I said
Hallam says that Walsingham and Leicester urged
Elizabeth to persecute the Roman Catholics ; Lord
M. said, as I know and Hallam says, that Leicester
was a bad man. "Whenever he (Lord Burleigh)
put anything before her," Lord M. continued,
** he always put the reasons on both sides in 2
columns, which may have been a very good way,
but I think a way to puzzle," in which I quite
agree; I couldn't bear it, I'm sure. Talked of
Essex his being a fine character his conduct in
Ireland his sudden return his unfortunate death,
and the possibility of his having been saved if it
had not been for the Countess of Nottingham.
"It killed her" (Elizabeth), Lord M. said. Talked
of Hallam containing so much knowledge which
one hadn't before known, and Lord M. said he
couldn't recommend a better book. I observed to
Lord M. he didn't seem at all low. " No, I'm much
better," he replied, "but still I'm not well." I
entreated him to take some good advice about his
health. " That won't do any good," he said, " it's
age and that constant care"; which alas! alas!
is but too true. " I'm nearly 61," he continued,
1840] LORD MELBOURNE'S HEALTH 301
" many men die at 63, and if they get over that,
live till 70." I told him he mustn't talk in that
way. " People like me grow old at once, who have
been rather young for their age." I said he still
was that. " Still, I feel a great change since
last year," he said. 1 I feel certain his valuable
health and life will be spared yet many a year.
His father lived to be 83, but was very feeble,
he said, for many years, and that it was not worth
living then ; his mother died at 66. " She had
been a very strong woman till then," Lord M.
said, " but she declined and sank rapidly." I
begged Lord M. to take great care of himself,
as he belonged to all of us ; and he promised he
would.
Tuesday, 2lst January. I showed him Uncle
Leopold's letter. I also showed Lord M. Stockmar's
letter, in which he talks of a Clause in the 2nd
Article of the Marriage Treaty, which Stockmar
had taken upon himself to agree to ; it's about
Albert's having no other Claims besides the 50,000 3
settled on him. " It's the same which was put in to
Queen Mary's with Philip," Lord M. said. " It is
impossible to say what claims a man may have who
marries a Queen, over the property of the Crown;
I'm afraid there'll be a good deal of observation
about the Prince's Provision ; they'll say it's too
much " ; which I said would be wrong. The Prince's
position was disagreeable enough as it was, I said,
but this would make it too bad ; that I wouldn't
1 He died aged sixty-nine, but, like his father, much enfeebled.
2 This was the amount proposed by the Government. Mr. Hume
proposed to cut it down to 21,000, but this was negatived by a large
majority. The whole Conservative party, however, supported an
amendment of Colonel Sibthorp to make the Prince's income 30,000
only, and this was carried by 262 to 168.
302 PRINCE ALBERT DISTRESSED [* T .20
do it for the world. " You wouldn't do it," Lord
M. said laughing ; " still, if he is a man of discretion
he may make it" (his position) "a very considerable
one," he added.
Wednesday, 22nd January. I then said I was so
vexed and distressed by poor dear Albert's letter
yesterday ; that I feared they made him believe
abroad that we wanted to degrade him here. 1 His
letter to Lord M., and also to me, were misapprehen-
sions about his Household, and about Lord M.'s
letter. " We can't proceed to form his Household
now," Lord M. said. I said, Oh ! yes, for that I
would be answerable for it 2 ; that I thought Albert
didn't quite understand the difference between
" standing by " and " acting." " I don't quite under-
stand his letter," Lord M. said ; therefore, I replied,
Stockmar and I would let Lord M. have the letter
back again. " At the same time, 2 Households are
very awkward," Lord M. said, and that there had
been great trouble about the Queen Dowager's. We
think the number of Albert's ought to be reduced.
Talked of my being vexed about the whole; of all
that ; of its being unfair that the Queen's husband
should have so much less than the King's wife, in
which Lord M. agreed. Talked of various things,
and German being so difficult. " So everybody
says," Lord M. said. " Is it possible to be so diffi-
1 The Prince was naturally much annoyed by the attacks and
criticisms in Parliament and in certain organs of the Press. They
were of a purely party character, and although plainly understood
here, were misapprehended abroad, where the match was believed
to be unpopular among the English people. This was not the case.
2 See Letters of Queen Victoria, pp. 254-62, for all the little troubles
which arose in connection with the formation of the Prince's Household.
In after-years the distinction between the Households was purely
nominal.
1840] CONCERNING TEACHING 308
cult ? " " Oughtn't to know more than one lan-
guage," he continued. " You can't speak one purely
if you know a great many, you mix them. They
say you needn't know more than Latin and French " ;
Greek, Lady Lyttelton mentioned. "There's no
necessity for it," he said ; its being difficult ; " a
very copious language," he replied. I observed
learning much as I did at once, prevented one from
learning anything very well, and bewildered one.
" That's very true what you say," Lord M. said,
" that's the fault now, they teach too much at
once." Talked of teaching being a dreadful thing,
the poor children being more eager to learn than
the higher classes, and Lady Lyttelton saying the
Irish children were so very much quicker in learning
than the English. " It's that quickness that leads
to that disregard of truth," Lord M. said, " for when
you ask them anything, they don't think of what
you say, but of what they think will please you.
He told me at dinner that he was having a new
full-dress coat made, for the great occasion, which
was " like building a 74-gun ship " in point of
trouble and work, and that he had had the man
with him in the morning, trying it on and pinning
and stitching. He asked how Stockmar was, and
wished much to see him. "I am always ready
to see him, he is such a very clever man, and
he don't stay long." " He is one of the cleverest
fellows I ever saw," " the most discreet man, the
most well judging, and most cool man." 1 I said I
told him I thought he (Stockmar) ought to stay a
little while after the Marriage, as it would be of use.
" Of infinite importance," Lord M. replied. " And
1 This opinion was subsequently endorsed by Sir Robert PeeL
304 MONARCHY AND UNITY [*T.2o
the King," he said, " in his last letter to you, wished
to be remembered to me, and hoped I had some
recollection for him ; pray say everything you can
of respect and affection." I told him Uncle was,
and very naturally, very fond of him. After this
some new Assam Tea, which Sir J. Hobhouse had
sent me, was brought in, and I gave Lord M. a printed
paper which had been sent me with it, which he
read out loud and so funnily ; there was the opinion
of a Dr. Lum Qua quoted, which name put him into
paroxysms of laughter, from which he couldn't
recover for some time, and which did one good to
hear. After this I said to him he had been so very
kind about all that matter which vexed me so
yesterday. " The advantage of Monarchy is unity,"
Lord M. said, " which is a little spoilt by 2 people,
but that must be contended against." " I've no
doubt," he continued, " that is what kept Queen
Elizabeth from marrying ; but you mustn't think
that I advocate that ; I think that's not right, it's
unnatural, and nothing's right that's unnatural." I
said I was certain that Albert wouldn't interfere.
" Oh ! I haven't the slightest doubt that he won't
interfere," he replied warmly ; and I added that
that was the very reason why he might run into the
other extreme. " My letter may have appeared
dictating," he said, which I said was not the case ;
" that's my way of writing, I write so to you, and
did to the King." I said I was sure it would all
do very well in a little time. " You understand
it all," he said, " you have always lived here " ;
and I had had three years' experience, I said. " But
you had just the same capability for affairs," Lord
M. said, " when you came to the Throne, as you
have now, you were just as able; I'm for making
1840] THE MIDDLE CLASSES 305
people of age much sooner." He again went into
an amazing fit of laughter about Dr. Lum Qua.
Talked of children having the measles, his having
them, about which he was very funny, as also about
children learning, as he said, everything from the
nurses and servants, which he talked of for some
time. " I'm sure, all I have learnt that's useful was
from the nursery maid," which made us laugh so.
Talked of the H. of C. and the Provision. " I can't
think there can be any real difficulty," he said ; " one
can't tell ; a Legislative Assembly is as capricious as
a woman.' :
Thursday, 23rd January. Talked of my having
ridden in the Riding House ; of the new Steward
in Feltham's place ; of my having heard from
Albert, and my thinking he seemed fearful he had
vexed me ; of the Queen Dowager's health ; of a
novel by Miss Martineau 1 called Deerbrook, which
Lady Lyttelton was praising very much, and which
she said was about the Middle Classes. " I don't
like the Middle Classes," Lord M. said, " they say
that the Upper and Lower Classes are very much
like each other in this country ; the Middle Classes
are bad ; the higher and lower classes there's some
good in, but the middle classes are all affectation and
conceit and pretence and concealment." I said to
Lord M. he so often kept one in hot water by saying
such things before, and to, people ; " It's a good
thing to surprise," he said. I said he said such things
of people's families to them. "That's a very good
thing," he replied funnily, " I do that on purpose,
1 Miss Martineau had published a short story in 1831, Five Years
of Youth ; but Deerbrook, published in 1839, was her first serious
attempt at novel- writing. She declined a pension from Lord Melbourne
in 1841, and again from Mr. Gladstone in 1873.
306 CONCERNING VARIOUS SUBJECTS [n.20
I think it right to warn people of the faults in their
families " ; and he turned to Lilford 1 and said,
46 Your family has always been reckoned very prosing,
so I warn you of that," which made us laugh so.
I said to Lord M. I had told Stockmar what Lord
M. had said to me here and at Windsor, about those
very high principles like A.'s not holding often, upon
which Stockmar said, generally speaking that was
true, but that he didn't think that would be A.'s
case. Talked of C. Ponsonby 8 having, as Lord M.
told us, a Black huntsman and a Black whipper-in ;
of looking over papers being such a fatigue; of a
Swiss Clergyman who Lord De Grey ' had got, disap-
proving of dancing ; of a very pretty paper weight
which Lord M. told me they had made for me at
Birmingham, and which Mr. Scholefield was going
to present me ; he sent Lord M. one and a pair of
razors. Talked of how George IV. came to have
the names of Augustus Frederic besides ; Lord M.'s
being called William after the late Lord Fitz-
William ; I never liked the name William till I knew
Lord M. and knew it was his ; his brother Frederic
1 Thomas Atherton, third Lord Lilford (1801-61).
2 Charles Ponsonby (afterwards second Lord de Mauley). He
had married in 1838 his cousin Maria Ponsonby, daughter of Lord
Duncannon and granddaughter of the Earl of Bessborough.
3 The titles in the Robinson family are intricate. Thomas Robinson,
second Lord Grantham, married Mary, daughter of the second Earl
of Hardwicke, heiress (under a special remainder) to her sister (Lady
Lucas), who had been created Countess de Grey. The Lord de Grey
mentioned in the text was the eldest son of this marriage, and became
successively Lord Grantham and Earl de Grey ; he was Lord Lieutenant
of Ireland 1841-4. Dying without male issue, he was succeeded by
his daughter in his barony of Lucas, and by his brother in the
earldom. But that brother (the ex-Prime Minister) had already been
successively created Viscount Goderich and Earl of Ripon. His son
was long known as Earl de Grey and Ripon, before becoming Marquess
of Ripon.
1840] PRINCESS VICTOIRE'S ENGAGEMENT 307
is called James also ; the Duke of York and the late
Lord Salisbury being his godfathers. Talked of the
old Duchess of Brunswick and if Lord M. had known
her. 1 " I've known so many old Duchesses," he said
laughing. Talked of her brothers the Dukes of
Cumberland 2 and Gloucester ; of Prince Frederic 8 the
youngest, whom Lord M. had never heard of ; of the
great Duke of Cumberland 4 and his being cruel, which
Lord M. wouldn't allow, and said, "He was a fine
man, not cruel, only to a few rebels."
Friday, 24<th January. Finished my letter to
Albert. Wrote my journal. Received a letter from
Louise with the delightful news that dearest Victoire's
marriage with Nemours is arranged ; dear, dear
child, whom I love so dearly, whom I look upon as
my sister. May she be happy ; I'm sure she will be ;
how nice that we should both be Brides at the same
time!
Saturday, 25th January. Saw by the newspapers
that we had won Newark by 9 ! 5
Sunday, 26th January. Talked of the Duchess of
Sutherland being at his sister's party, which I said
was wrong of her as the Duke couldn't go. He said
Fanny was very full of what he (Ld. M.) had said
about the Pagets never learning anything, which he
had said to George Byng here who told it Lady Agnes
who wrote it to Lady Sydney who was very angry,
1 Augusta, eldest child of Frederick, Prince of Wales, married
Charles William, Duke of Brunswick.
2 Henry Frederick, Duke of Cumberland, 1745-1790.
3 Frederick William, died, aged 15, 1765.
4 William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, 1721-1765. Son of
George II.
6 The by-election was caused by the appointment of Sergeant
Wilde to be Solicitor-General. He was afterwards Lord Chancellor
Truro, and married Mdlle. d'Este. See Vol. I., p. 198, note.
308 REMARKS ON FAMILIES t*T.20
and which Lady Cowper had been embellishing ;
Lord M. laughed very much, but I said I was sure
he would get into great scrapes by saying things
of people's families to them. " It's quite a right
thing to do," he said laughing. I told him that
he said such things of my family, which I didn't
mind, but which I was sure he wouldn't like
other people to say of his family to him. " Oh !
yes, I would," he replied laughing. I said that
I thought no Royal Princes ought to be in the
House of Lords, which Lord M. does not agree in,
but says they ought always to go with the Crown.
" The Duke of York always went steadily with
the Crown," Lord M. said, " except on the
Regency, and then he went steadily with the Prince ;
when the King was gone he stood by the next
person." . . .
Thursday, 30th January. Talked of Miss Eden
and her jumping into the river at Hampton Court
and saving a child who fell in. " It was a courageous
thing to do," he said. Of Lady Mayo, 1 and her
being such a quiz. " Lady Mayo said to Lady
Glengall," 8 Lord M. continued, " ' I understand you
said I was the ugliest woman in the world ' ; so
Lady Glengall, quite driven to the wall, said, 'Well,
I must say, Lady Mayo, I think you are the most
frightful woman I ever saw in my life.' " Talked
of the Heralds' Office, and Sir Wm. Woods, and
Lord M. said, "They were very foolish about those
Arms " (A.'s) " when they had the precedent
1 Arabella, wife of John, fourth Earl of Mayo, a Lady-in- Wai ting
to Queen Adelaide. She was daughter of William Mackworth-Praed.
See Vol. I., p. 77.
2 Margaret Lauretta, wife of Richard, second Earl of Glengall,
and daughter and co-heiress of William Melhuish of Woodford, Essex.
1840] VARIOUS LETTERS 309
under their very nose," which is quite true. " Old
Lord Pembroke, who was then Lord Chamber-
lain," Lord M. continued, " said at the Coronation
of George II., to Anstis, 1 who was Garter, 'Thou
silly knave, that dost not even know thy silly
work ! ' "
After dinner, when Lord Melbourne came in,
the ladies were talking of colours being unlucky or
lucky at a Wedding. " Yellow is the colour of
Hymen," he said. I showed him Lord Wellesley's
letter to Lord Anglesey, which Uxbridge gave me.
" Humbug," Lord M. said as he took the letter,
but as he went on reading it, he said, " That's right
that's right good letter " ; and when he returned
it me he said, " Good letter." Lord M. sent me a
letter from the Duke of Sussex before dinner, so
delighted at giving me away, and I received one after
dinner from him, which I gave Lord M., and he said
in returning it, " He is very much pleased ; I'm
very glad."
We were seated as usual, Lord Melbourne sitting
near me. He said he was quite well, but never felt
quite well, which I said was the constant care and
wear ; and that he never felt quite free from some
little ailing, nor did anybody ; when he was young,
he said, he never felt unwell, and used " only to
live for my amusement," he said, and that if he
were to begin life again he would do only that and
not enter Politics at all. I said I thought people
who only lived for their amusement bad, and that
I was sure we should all be punished hereafter for
living as we did without thinking at all of our future
life. " That's not my case," Lord M. said ; and we
1 John Anstis, the elder, Garter 1718-44. Part of the time he
was joint holder of the office with his son, who held it till 1754.
1121
310 "THIS ILL-FATED PRECEDENCE" [* T .20
talked of living our life and beginning it again, and
if it were possible, we agreed, we should try and
correct ourselves. Talked of his having told me at
Windsor that the young men in his day and he
himself had been so very impudent ; he said I must
have misunderstood him, " for I was very shy ; there
never was a shyer man."
Friday, 3lst January. Then he showed me a
note from Lady Burghersh saying she had seen the
Duke, who would be anxious not to do anything to
embarrass the Government, but that the Precedence
lay rather on awkward ground ; and that they
wouldn't oppose the 2nd reading, but make altera-
tions in the Committee. The remainder of the time
that Lord M. was with me, we talked almost entirely
about this ill-fated Precedence, and I fear I was
violent and eager about it. I said to Lord M. he
must fight it out. The House of Lords might sit
next day, he said, in order to get on with it ; and
in answer to my saying it was so dreadful not to
have the Power even to give my Husband rank,
Lord M. said I couldn't, that that was " the law
of the Country," and he thinks convenient at times.
I declared if they didn't grant it to Albert for his
life, I would give it all up and let him only have
the rank Uncle Leopold had had. " Is that really
your opinion ? " Lord M. said, " for that would
end it at once." I then hesitated, and said he
must fight it out. " That's what I wish to know,"
Lord M. said. He told me, which I couldn't at
first understand, that the Marriage couldn't take
place until the Bill was passed, as the Bill would
be void if it wasn't passed before. I showed him
the Queen of the French's letter. I begged him
to let me know, which he promised he would, and
1840] CHURCH-GOING IN PUBLIC 311
I repeated it was necessary he should fight it
out. " Very well, Ma'am," he replied ; " if we
were beat, if you wished it we might say, 'Well
then, we'll follow the Precedent'"; I said I must
reflect about it. I fear I vexed him, kind,
good man, as he looked, I think, grieved at my
pertinacity.
Saturday, 1st February. I was awoke at a little
past 8 by a box from Lord John, dated J p. 5, with
the most welcome, most delightful news, that we
had had a Majority of 21 I 1 How delightful !
How happy and light this made me feel ! (Lord M.
sent me a letter in the morning from Duncannon,
saying he hoped I would consent to the Limitation
of Precedence for my Life, as many of our friends
wished for it. I wrote to Lord M. I was much
against it ; Lord M. agreed in my feelings, but
thought as they should certainly be beat we had
better give it up. Talked of my not wishing now
to go to the Whitehall Chapel, as I heard the Pew
was so public. "You'd better go," Lord M. said;
I resisted ; " Nothing so good as going in the midst
of a large congregation," he said. I really couldn't,
I said. "You'd better go," he added, as he went out
of the room. I said I had seen Chantrey, who said
he would go to his house ; and Lord M. promised
to sit, and also to Hayter, here. I said I feared
Lord M. thought me grown obstinate. " Rather,"
he replied, mildly and kindly. Why was he so
particularly anxious I should go to church ? I said.
" It's a good thing before your marriage," Lord M.
said. " I always wished you to go there." It was
just that going before the marriage, so publicly, I
said, which I disliked. "But it's of great import-
1 On Sir John Yarde-Buller's motion of want of confidence.
312 WELLINGTON'S VIEWS
ance that you should get over that dislike of going
amongst everybody." l
Sunday, 2nd February. After dinner when Lord
Melbourne came in, he told me he was pretty well.
I took him aside and talked to him about what had
happened. They were to have a Cabinet at 12 ; I
said I was sorry for my excited letter. " Oh ! never
mind that, don't think of that," he said so kindly.
I said to him he was always so kind. " The Duke
said, ' It's an injustice, and for God's sake don't let
the House of Lords be guilty of an injustice,' : " Lord
M. said. " He's got that into his head." At this
moment Lord M. received a note from the Duke,
saying he was glad to see that Lord M. wished to
settle this matter without any debate, and that he
had requested Lord Lyndhurst to prepare two
Amendments, which he said he would send to Lord
M. as soon as he received them in the morning.
Lord M. couldn't read from where he dated it. I
asked Lord M. what he had written to the Duke.
Lord M. said, "that nothing could give me more
pleasure than to hear the tone in which he
talked of his wish to settle this amicably, at the
same time that it gave me great pain to see the
wide difference which lay between us, and that I
hoped therefore he would let us hear what he meant
to do that we might deliberate upon it." " It's a
very odd thing," Lord M. said, " the Duke of Welling-
ton said to Clarendon, ' I like Lord Melbourne, I've
a very good opinion of him, and I think he's the best
Minister the Queen can have, and he has given her
1 The Queen's shyness was very natural in so young a Princess.
Greville says that when she announced her marriage to the Privy
Council her hands trembled so that she could hardly read the
Declaration,
1840] AND HIS ULTIMATUM 313
very good advice I've no doubt ; but I'm afraid he
jokes too much with her, and makes her treat things
too lightly, which are very serious.' Now there
may be some truth in that," Lord Melbourne added.
I said oh ! no, but that perhaps as I often scolded
him he jested a little about religion, which he denied.
" It shows the shrewdness of the man," Lord M.
said. 1
Monday, 3rd February. " I've got the Duke's
ultimatum," Lord M. said, shaking his head, " it's
what I thought " ; adhering to the Precedent
and giving Albert rank after all the Princes of
the Blood, which I said was really a great deal
too bad. " So we think," Lord M. said ; " the
best way will be to leave all Precedence out of
the Bill, and say we'll settle it hereafter ; then let
it be settled as you like, partly by your prerogative
and partly by Act of Parliament." This is much
the best. 2 . . *
Thursday, 6th February. Received a delightful
letter from dearest Albert from Brussels dated 4th,
with a very funny book of Caricatures. Wrote to
Lord M. Received letters from Uncle and Louise.
Saw a very funny little bluish grey Scotch Terrier,
which I have bought, called Laddie, a dear little
thing ; it's gone down to Windsor. Lord Albemarle
brought dear little Henry Byng 3 (George Byng's
2nd boy) to kiss hands as Page of Honour; he
1 This passage illustrates not only the Duke's shrewdness, but
Lord Melbourne's good-tempered readiness to accept criticism and
even rebuke.
2 This is how the Prince's precedence was ultimately settled. The
attempt to put it into the Bill was a mistake. Lord Melbourne's
Government mismanaged the House of Commons in everything con-
nected with the Queen's marriage.
8 He was Equerry to the Queen, and afterwards Earl of Straff ord.
n 21*
314 LADY CECILIA BUGGIN [*r.20
looked delightful in his costume. At 20 m. to 3 Lord
Melbourne came to me and stayed with me till 25
m. p. Talked of my having too much to do. " You
must have," he replied; and the Duke of Devon-
shire's not having been invited (to the wedding),
which I said he had ; of the Duke of Wellington's
being asked. Talked of Miss Hope-Johnstone's
marriage l ; of Uncle's saying poor dear Albert was
worried and pale. " Oh ! it's very natural," Lord
M. said. He said the Chancellor must come to
A. as soon as he arrived to administer the Oaths
of Allegiance and Supremacy, on account of being
naturalized. Talked of its being a fine day for
their crossing, and Clarence Paget's being at Calais.
" Oh ! they say he's a very handy fellow," Lord
M. said, " he'll bring them over anyhow." I told
Lord M. there would be a great piece of work, I
feared, about the Duke of Sussex and Lady Cecilia, 2
for that he had insinuated, without mentioning
the exact thing, that he would ask Lord M. to
ask me something which he had very near at
heart. " Oh ! it'll never do," Lord M. said. Talked
of Albert's Commission not being gazetted till
after he had taken the Oaths. Talked of Lord M.'s
staying Thursday at Windsor. " I'll try and manage
it."
1 Miss Mary Hope-Johnstone was married on 3rd February to
the Right Rev. Hugh Percy, Bishop of Carlisle.
2 After the death of Lady Augusta d'Ameland (formerly Lady
Augusta Murray: see Vol. I., p. 197) the Duke of Sussex had con-
tracted a marriage (void, like his former one, under the Royal Mar-
riage Act) with Lady Cecilia Buggin, daughter of the second Earl
of Arran, and widow of Sir George Buggin, a solicitor. She afterwards
assumed the surname of Underwood. The Duke was probably asking
that Lady Cecilia might be raised to the peerage ; for on 10th April
following she was created Duchess of Inverness.
1840] THE PRINCE AT DOVER 315
Friday, 7th February. Just before I went out I
received a delightful letter from dearest Albert
from Dover, written in the morning ; he suffered
most dreadfully coming over ; he is much pleased
with the very kind reception he met with at Dover.
Talked to Lord M. of Albert's letter, and one from
Torrington saying dearest Albert's reception had
pleased him so, as A. feared he wouldn't be well
received ; but Lord M. agreed with me that a Vote
of the H. of Commons had nothing whatever to do
with that. At this moment I received a letter, and
a dear one, from dearest Albert from Canterbury,
where he had just arrived, and where he had also
been very well received, as I told Lord M., who said,
" I've no doubt ; his reception has been such that
he must take care not to be intoxicated by that,"
which I said I was quite sure he needn't fear.
Talked of Soult and his reception here having made
him so friendly to England ; of Sebastiani's removal ;
of Guizot. " You can always tell him you have read
his book," Lord M. said laughing. We were seated
as usual, Lord Melbourne sitting near me. Talked
of Bull-dogs ; of the Marriage Ceremony ; my being
a little agitated and nervous ; " Most natural,"
Lord M. replied warmly ; " how could it be other-
wise ? ' Lord M. was so warm, so kind, and so
affectionate, the whole evening, and so much touched
in speaking of me and my affairs. Talked of my
former resolution of never marrying. " Depend upon
it, it's right to marry," he said earnestly; " if ever
there was a situation that formed an exception, it
was yours ; it's in human nature, it's natural to
marry ; the other is a very unnatural state of things ;
itfs a great change it has its inconveniences ; every-
body does their best, and depend upon it you've
316 SCOTTISH ACCOUNT OF THE QUEEN [^.20
done well ; difficulties may arise from it," as they
do of course from everything. Talked of popular
assemblies, of my having grown so thin. " You
look very well," he said ; " after all," he continued,
much affected, " how anybody in your situation can
have a moment's tranquillity ! a young person cast
in this situation is very unnatural. There was a
beautiful account in a Scotch paper," he said, " of
your first going to prorogue Parliament ; ' I stood
close to her,' it says, ; to see a young person sur-
rounded by Ministers and Judges and rendered
prematurely grave was almost melancholy ' ; 6 a large
searching eye, an open anxious nostril, and a firm
mouth,' : Lord M. repeated this several times,
looking so kindly and affectionately at me ; "A
very true representation," he said, " can't be a finer
physiognomy " which made me smile, as he said it
so earnestly. Talked of Albert's being a little like
me ; of the Addresses and dinners A. would be
plagued with ; of my taking him to the Play soon.
" There'll be an immense flow of popularity now,"
Lord M. said. Talked of the difficulty of keeping
quite free from all Politics. I begged Lord M. much
to manage about Thursday, which he promised he
would, as I said it always made me so happy to have
him. " I am sure none of your friends are so fond
of you as I am," I said. " I believe not," he replied,
quite touched, and I added also he had been always
so very kind to me I couldn't say how I felt it.
Saturday, 8th February. At J p. 4 the Carriage
and Escort appeared, drove through the centre gate,
and up to the door ; I stood at the very door ; 1st
stepped out Ernest, then Uncle Ernest, and then
Albert, looking beautiful and so well ; I embraced
him and took him by the hand and led him up to
1840] THE PRINCE AT WINDSOR 317
my room ; Mamma, Uncle Ernest, and Ernest
following. After dinner Albert and Ernest shook
hands with Lord Melbourne. " I think they look
very well," Lord M. said when he came up to me;
" I think he (A.) looks very well." Talked of their
passage ; Lord M. said it was such a very good
thing that Albert attended service in the Cathedral
at Canterbury. I sat on the sofa with my beloved
Albert, Lord Melbourne sitting near me. Talked of
the gentlemen that Uncle had with him. Lord M.
admired the diamond Garter which Albert had on,
and said " Very handsome." I told him it was my
gift ; I also gave him (all before dinner) a diamond
star I had worn, and badge. Lord M. made us laugh
excessively about his new Coat, which he said, " I
expect it to be the thing most observed."
Sunday, 9th February. Received a beautiful
Prayer-book from Mamma ; breakfasted at 10.
Wrote to Lord M. Dearest Albert and Ernest
came in, Albert looking so well, with a little of his
blue ribbon showing. 1 He brought me 4 beautiful
old Fans. At 12 I went down to Prayers with my
beloved Albert, Mamma, Ernest, and my ladies and
gentlemen. Mr. Vane read and the Bishop of London
preached a very fine sermon. The Service was over
at 5 m. p. 1. Talked of dearest Albert's being
agitated. " That's very natural," Lord M. said,
" I don't wonder at it." Lord M. promised to
stay Thursday. I took his hand and pressed it,
and thanked him for all his kindness, which I
hoped he would continue. I couldn't believe what
was to happen next day, I said. At a J to 6 my
1 The ribbon of the Garter was at this time worn by day. The Duke
of Wellington constantly wore it, with a white waistcoat. The star
was sometimes worn without the ribbon.
318 THE WEDDING DAY [JET. 20
beloved Albert came to me and stayed with me
till 20 m. to 7. We read over the Marriage Service
together and tried how to manage the ring. Wrote
my journal. At 8 we dined. The dinner was just
the same as the day before with the exception of
Lord Albemarle, Lord Erroll, Lord Byron, Col.
Grey, and Stockmar ; and with the addition of
Lord Surrey and Col. Cavendish. Albert led me
in and I sat between him and Uncle E. It was
my last unmarried evening, which made me feel
so odd. I sat on the sofa with dearest Albert, Lord
Melbourne sitting near me. Talked of A.'s having
talked to him (Ld. M.) ; of guessing words ; the
Lord's Prayer being almost entirely composed of
Saxon words, all but 4 ; of the Cathedral at Canter-
bury and Bishop Chicheley 1 being buried there.
Monday, I0th February. Got up at a J to 9
well, and having slept well ; and breakfasted at |
p. 9. Mamma came before and brought me a Nosegay
of orange flowers. My dearest kindest Lehzen gave
me a dear little ring. Wrote my journal, and to
Lord M. Had my hair dressed and the wreath of
orange flowers put on. Saw Albert for the last time
alone, as my Bridegroom. Dressed.
Saw Uncle, and Ernest whom dearest Albert
brought up. At J p. 12 I set off, dearest Albert
having gone before. I wore a white satin gown with
a very deep flounce of Honiton lace, imitation of old.
I wore my Turkish diamond necklace and earrings,
and Albert's beautiful sapphire brooch. 2 Mamma
1 Henry Chichele, or Chicheley, prelate and statesman. Arch-
bishop of Canterbury and Founder of All Souls' College, Oxford.
Died 1443.
2 The diamond necklace was left by Queen Victoria to the Duke of
Connaught, and the sapphire brooch to the Crown. The lace is in the
possession of H.M. Queen Alexandra.
1840] THE WEDDING PROCESSION 319
and the Duchess of Sutherland went in the carriage
with me. I never saw such crowds of people as there
were in the Park, and they cheered most enthusiastic-
ally. When I arrived at St. James's, I went into the
dressing-room where my 12 young Train-bearers l were,
dressed all in white with white roses, which had a
beautiful effect. Here I waited a little till dearest
Albert's Procession had moved into the Chapel. I
then went with my Train-bearers and ladies into the
Throne-room, where the Procession formed ; Lord
Melbourne in his fine new dress-coat, bearing the
Sword of State, and Lord Uxbridge and Lord Belfast 2
on either side of him walked immediately before me.
Queen Anne's room was full of people, ranged on
seats one higher than the other, as also in the Guard
room, and by the Staircase, all very friendly ; the
Procession looked beautiful going downstairs. Part
of the Colour Court was also covered in and full of
people who were very civil. The Flourish of Trum-
pets ceased as I entered the Chapel, and the organ
began to play, which had a beautiful effect. At
the Altar, to my right, stood- Albert ; Mamma
was on my left as also the Dukes of Sussex and
Cambridge, and Aunt Augusta ; and on Albert's
right was the Queen Dowager, then Uncle Ernest,
Ernest, the Duchess of Cambridge and little Mary,
1 Lady Adelaide Paget, Lady Sarah Frederica Caroline Villiers,
Lady Frances Elizabeth Cowper, Lady Elizabeth West, Lady Mary
Augusta Frederica Grimston, Lady Eleanora Caroline Paget, Lady Caro-
line Amelia Gordon Lennox, Lady Elizabeth Anne Georgiana Dorothea
Howard, Lady Ida Hay, Lady Catherine Lucy Wilhelmina Stanhope,
Lady Jane Harriet Bouverie, and Lady Mary Charlotte Howard.
2 Eldest son of the second Marquess of Donegall, an A.D.C. to the
Queen and Captain of the Yeoman of the Guard. Sat about twenty
years for different Irish boroughs. He was created Lord Ennishowen
in 1841, and became Marquess of Donegall in 1844.
320 THE MARRIAGE CEREMONY [* T .20
George, Augusta, and Princess Sophia Matilda. Lord
Melbourne stood close to me with the Sword of
State. The Ceremony was very imposing, and fine
and simple, and I think OUGHT to make an ever-
lasting impression on every one who promises at the
Altar to keep what he or she promises. Dearest
Albert repeated everything very distinctly. I felt
so happy when the ring was put on, and by
Albert. As soon as the Service was over, the
Procession returned as it came, with the exception
that my beloved Albert led me out. The applause
was very great, in the Colour Court as we came
through ; Lord Melbourne, good man, was very
much affected during the Ceremony and at the ap-
plause. We all returned to the Throne-room, where
the Signing of the Register took place ; it was first
signed by the Archbishop, then by Albert and me,
and all the Royal Family, and by : the Lord Chan-
cellor, the Lord President, the Lord Privy Seal, the
Duke of Norfolk (as Earl Marshal), the Archbishop
of York, and Lord Melbourne. We then went into
the Closet, and the Royal Family waited with me
there till the ladies had got into their carriages. I
gave all the Train-bearers as a brooch a small
eagle of turquoise. I then returned to Bucking-
ham Palace alone with Albert ; they cheered us
really most warmly and heartily ; the crowd was
immense ; and the Hall at Buckingham Palace was
full of people ; they cheered us again and again.
The great Drawing-room and Throne-room were full
of people of rank, and numbers of children were
there. Lord Melbourne and Lord Clarendon, who
had arrived, stood at the door of the Throne-room
when we came in. I went and sat on the sofa
in my dressing-room with Albert ; and we talked
1840] THE WEDDING BREAKFAST 321
together there from 10 m. to 2 till 20 m. p. 2.
Then we went downstairs where all the Company
was assembled and went into the dining-room
dearest Albert leading me in, and my Train being
borne by 3 Pages, Cowell, little Wemyss, and dear
little Byng. I sat between dearest Albert and the
Duke of Sussex. My health and dearest Albert's
were drunk. The Duke was very kind and civil.
Albert and I drank a glass of wine with Lord Mel-
bourne, who seemed much affected by the whole. I
talked to all after the breakfast, and to Lord Mel-
bourne, whose fine coat I praised. Little Mary l
behaved so well both at the Marriage and the break-
fast. I went upstairs and undressed and put on a
white silk gown trimmed with swansdown, and a
bonnet with orange flowers. Albert went down-
stairs and undressed. At 20 m. to 4 Lord Melbourne
came to me and stayed with me till 10 m. to 4. I
shook hands with him and he kissed my hand.
Talked of how well everything went off. " Nothing
could have gone off better," he said, and of the
people being in such good humour and having
also received him well ; of my receiving the Ad-
dresses from the House of Lords and Commons ; of
his coming down to Windsor in time for dinner. I
begged him not to go to the party ; he was a little
tired ; I would let him know when we arrived ; I
pressed his hand once more, and he said, " God bless
you, Ma'am," most kindly, and with such a kind look.
Dearest Albert came up and fetched me downstairs,
where we took leave of Mamma and drove off at near
4 ; I and Albert alone.
1 Princess Mary of Cambridge, Duchess of Teck, mother of Queen
Mary.
APPENDIX
FROM MORLEY'S "LiFE OF GLADSTONE," vol. iii. p. 472.
"Mr. Gladstone wished we knew more of Melbourne. He
was in many ways a very fine fellow. In two of the most
important of all the relations of a Prime Minister he was
perfect. I mean first, his relations to the Queen, second, to
his colleagues."
The foregoing pages justify Mr. Gladstone's estimate of
Lord Melbourne, but he might have added among Lord
Melbourne's perfect relations as a Prime Minister, those to
his political opponents.
LORD MELBOURNE'S FAMILY
Peniston Lamb's elder brother was a solicitor at South-
well, who managed the affairs of the family of Coke of
Melbourne Hall, co. Derby. This solicitor had two sons
Robert, who took orders and became Dean and subsequently
Bishop of Peterborough ; and Matthew, who followed his
father's profession, and in 1740 married Miss Charlotte
Coke. Her brother, Sir George Coke, died unmarried, and
left all his property to his sister. Her husband, Matthew
Lamb, succeeded to the large fortune of his uncle Peniston,
mentioned in the text, and their son, Peniston, was be-
queathed the whole of the fortune of his uncle the Bishop
of Peterborough. Matthew, who was for many years M.P.
and was made a baronet in 1755, purchased Brocket Hall,
co. Herts, from the Winnington family.
His son, Sir Peniston, also M.P., purchased Melbourne
House in Piccadilly, which stood on the site of the Albany.
He was created Baron Melbourne in the Irish peerage in
1770 and Viscount Melbourne in 1815. He married the
daughter of Sir Ralph Milbanke, who was the aunt of Lady
Byron.
322
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323
111
INDEX
(The page references in italics refer to Introductory Notes or footnotes.)
ABDUL MEDJID, ii. 224, 258
Abercorn, Louisa, Marchioness of, i.
192
Abercromby, James (afterwards
Speaker and Lord Dunfermline), i.
74
Aberdeen, fourth Earl of, a dull
speaker, i. 269 ; Government crisis,
ii. 166 ; and Queen Victoria, ii.
170, 208
Abingdon, Montague, fifth Earl of,
Princess Victoria's visit to Wy-
tham Abbey, i. 58-61
Countess of, i. 58-61
Abington, Mrs., a famous comic
actress, ii. 86, 87
Aboyne, Countess of (afterwards Mar-
chioness of Huntly), George IV.
gave his portrait to, ii. 91
Achmet, Turkish Admiral, sails to
Alexandria, ii. 224
Acland, Sir Thomas, tenth Baronet,
motion on the Church of Ireland,
i. 319, 320, 324
Addison, Joseph, his works and
death, i. 306 ; and the Italian
opera, ii. 229
Adelaide, Queen (wife of William IV.),
i. 12 ; birthday presents to Prin-
cess Victoria, i. 76, 117, 180;
birthday ball, i. 77, 78 ; Princess
Victoria's visits to, i. 98, 99, 112,
113, 119, 150-152 ; Eton Montem,
i. 119, 120; Princess Victoria's
Confirmation, i. 125, 126 ; illness,
i. 188, 190, 192 ; illness and death
of William IV., i. 195-198 ; her
attitude to the young Queen
II 22 325
Victoria, i. 203, 204, 207, 228, 297,
336, 346, ii. 220; and Lord
Glenelg, i. 282 ; and Lord Howe,
i. 289, 290 ; and Lord Melbourne,
ii. 147, 148, 185; wedding of
Queen Victoria, ii. 319
Adelaide Cottage, i. 113, ii. 4
Adele, Mile., i. 66, 67
Adlerberg, M. de, at Windsor Castle,
ii. 157, 187, 190
Admiralty Courts Bill, ii. 242
Adolphus's History of George HI.,
i. 262
Afghanistan, ii. 47 ; crisis in, ii. 63, 146
Ameer of, see Dost Mohammed
Ailesbury, second Marquess of, see
Bruce, Lord
Marchioness of (wife of first
Marquess), ii. 286
Alava, Don Miguel de, a distinguished
soldier, i. 169, ii. 65, 76, 144, 265
Albani, Cardinal, collection of draw-
ings, ii. 37
Albany House, ii. 97
Albemarle, William Charles, fourth
Earl of, Master of the Horse, i. 69 ;
Ascot Races, i. 99 ; accession of
Queen Victoria, i. 198, 199 ; pro-
cession in State, i. 209, 214, 215 ;
Queen Victoria's inspection of the
horses, i. 220 ; Lord Mayor's
dinner, i. 233, 234 ; Covent Garden
Theatre, i. 236 ; opening of Par-
liament, i. 237, ii. 296, 297 ;
Eton Montem, i. 342 ; the Corona-
tion ceremony, i. 356 ; Review in
Hyde Park, i. 365 ; State dinner
at Windsor, ii. 187 ; Lady West-
326
INDEX
minster's ball, ii. 210 ; the Christ-
mas service, ii. 285
Albert of Saxe-Coburg, Prince (after-
wards Prince Consort), as a possible
husband to Queen Victoria, i. 26,
140, 291, ii. 88, 153, 193, 215, 216 ;
first visit to Windsor Castle,
i. 157-161 ; Queen Victoria's
opinion of, i. 159-161, 222 ; birth-
day letter, i. 191 ; and the
Marriage Act, i. 351 ; on Sir R.
Peel, ii. 219 ; question of another
visit, ii. 215, 216, 225, 226, 246,
255 ; arrival at Windsor Castle,
ii. 262 ; the Queen's description of,
ii. 263, 264 ; a ride, ii. 264, 265 ;
the proposal, ii. 268 ; keeping the
secret, ii. 269 ; concerning the
Declaration, ii. 270, 271, 273, 278,
281 ; and a Peerage, ii. 272, 276 ;
attends St. George's, ii. 275 ;
Royal marriage precedents, ii.
279, 280 ; the religious question,
ii. 281 ; precedence, ii. 283, 284,
310, 312, 313 ; and the House-
hold, ii. 287, 293 ; letter to the
Queen, ii. 290, 291 ; indifference
about Ladies, ii. 299 ; dispute as
to allowance, ii. 301, 302 ; arrival
at Dover, ii. 314, 315 ; at Windsor,
ii. 316, 317 ; the wedding day, ii.
318-325
Albert, Mr., in La Sonnambula, i. 67 ;
in Nathalie, i. 75
Alexander II., see Russia, Hereditary
Grand Duke of
Alexandria, ii. 224
Alford, Lady, see Compton, Lady
Marianne
Alfred, Prince, i. 309
Algiers, the French in, ii. 25
Alhambra, Tales of the, by Washing-
ton Irving, i. 131, 132
Allen, John, ii. 244
Alliance, Quadruple, of 1834, ii. 31
All Souls' College, Princess Victoria's
visit to, i. 60
Althorp, Lord (afterwards third Earl
Spencer), Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer, resignation on his father's
death, i. 91 ; declines appoint-
ments, ii. 77, 78
Alton Towers, Princess Victoria's
visit to, i. 56, 57
Alvanley, William Pepper Arden,
second Lord, and Lady Holland,
ii. 63
Alvensleben, Baron, i. 159, ii. 264
American States, Independence of
the South, ii. 247
Amherst, first Earl, Governor-General
of India, i. 69 ; and Lord Thurlow,
i. 391
Amiens, Captain, ii. 187
Amiens, Treaty of, i. 366
Ancaster, Duchess of (wife of third
Duke), i. 313, ii. 274
Anderson, Mr., in King Lear, ii. 121
Mrs., music mistress to Princess
Victoria, i. 93, 94, 145, 158
Rev., ii. 84
Anglesey, first Marquess of (Henry
William Paget), i. 199 ; and Lord
Melbourne, i. 344, 384, ii. 72 ;
and Queen Victoria, i. 350, ii.
155 ; Review in Hyde Park, i.
365 ; and George IV., ii. 66 ; and
Princess Charlotte's marriage, ii.
290
Anna Boulena, Queen Victoria's
opinion of the opera, i. 67, 93, 112
Anne of Cleves, ii. 218
Queen, i. 36 ; portrait of, i.
102 ; political character of, i. 107 ;
coronation of, i. 313 ; Lord Mel-
bourne on, ii. 54, 282
Annual Register, i. 262, ii. 273
Anson, General Sir George, Equerry
to the Duchess of Kent, i. 69 ;
Somerset House Exhibition, i. 70 ;
dinner for Duke of Orleans, i. 74 ;
Princess Victoria's birthdays, i.
76, 77, 118 ; Ascot Races, i. 127 ;
attends the drawing-rooms, i.
187, 192 ; Groom of the Bed-
chamber to Prince Albert, ii. 274
George, Lord Melbourne's pri-
vate secretary, i. 370, ii. 37, 161 ;
and Sir R. Peel, ii. 168 ; Private
Secretary to Prince Albert, ii. 293
Miss, i. 128 ; at Windsor
Castle, ii. 13, 157 ; the Review, ii.
24 ; the State Ball, ii. 188 ; and
Lord Melbourne, ii. 230
INDEX
327
Anstis, John, the elder, Garter, and
George II., i. 309
Antinomianism, ii. 55
Antoinette, Marie, autograph of, i.
105
Antwerp and France, i. 389
Apprentices, motion for emancipat-
ing, i. 300
Arabian Nights, The, Lord Melbourne
on, ii. 102, 103
Argyll, George William, sixth Duke
of, i. 202, 215 ; at Windsor Castle,
i. 247 ; the State Ball, ii. 188
Duchess of (wife of fifth Duke),
i. 215, 378
Duchess of (wife of eighth
Duke), L 79
Army, the, difficulties in Canada, i.
259, 261, 269, ii 21 ; Promotion
Commission, i. 296 ; Household
Troops, ii. 25 ; purchase and dis-
cipline, ii. 71
Arnold, Dr., his sermons, ii. 285
Artois, Comte d' (Charles X.), Lord
Melbourne on, ii. 74, 144
Ascot Races, Princess Victoria pre-
sent at, i. 25, 99, 100, 127 ; Lord
Melbourne on, i. 350
Ashburnham, Countess of (widow of
third Earl), i. 175
Lady Elinor (afterwards Lady
Wodehouse), i. 175
Ashburton, first Lord (Alexander
Baring), President of Board of
Trade, i. 199, 277
third Lord (Francis Baring), i.
311
Lady (wife of above), see Baring,
Mrs.
Ashley, Lord (afterwards seventh
Earl of Shaftesbury), i. 242 ; and
Lady Barham, i. 243 ; on New
Zealanders, ii. 52, 53 ; on duelling,
ii. 54, 55 ; and Queen Victoria, ii.
171
Lady (Lady Emily Cowper,
wife of above, afterwards Coun-
tess of Shaftesbury), and her
children, i. 242, 243, ii. 52, 251 ;
and Lord Melbourne, i. 243, 275,
276 ; her politics, i. 276, 279 ;
and her sister-in-law, i. 285 ; her
beauty, i. 318, 375, ii. 211 ;
State ball, i. 318 ; a reception, i.
375 ; and F. Robinson, ii. 49 ;
and acting, ii. 90 ; Lady West-
minster's ball, ii. 211 ; her educa-
tion, ii. 225
Asia, crisis in, ii. 147
Assiedo di Corrinto, Le, opera by
Rossini, i. 97, 115
Athlone, George, eighth Earl of, i. 78
Aubigny, Duchesse d', see Portsmouth,
Duchess of
Auckland, Baron (afterwards Earl
of, Governor-General of India),
policy in Afghanistan and Persia,
ii. 47, 63, 64 ; visit to and treaty
with Ranjit Singh, ii. 131, 146
Audley, Nicholas, third Baron, i. 362
twenty-first Baron, i. 362
Auersperg, Prince, i. 218
Augusta, Princess, see Brunswick,
Duchess of
Augustus, Prince (Duke of Leuch-
tenberg), death, i. 110
Austria, Emperor of (Ferdinand I.),
illness, i. 256, 279 ; coronation, i.
300, ii. 18
and Prussia, ii. 23 ; treaty of
Munchengratz, ii. 31 ; and the
Queen of Spain, ii. 49 ; withdraws
her Minister from Brussels, ii.
119 ; treaty with Turkey, ii. 258 ;
friendly to England, ii. 289
BACON, JAMES, winner of the " Manor
Stakes," i. 127
John, winner of the " Give-and-
Take Plate," i. 127
Baillie, Miss Joanna, playwriter, i.
146
Ballot question, the, i. 273, 274, 283,
ii. 204, 208
Banti, Georgina Brigida, ii. 140
Barante, F. M. de, History of the
Princes of the House of Burgundy,
i. 242, 263, 278, ii. 92, 93
Barham, Charles Noel, third Lord
(afterwards Earl of Gainsborough),
i. 175, 335, 340
Lady (fourth wife of above),
Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen
828
INDEX
Victoria, i. 175 ; description of,
i. 176; leaves Windsor, i. 221,
222 ; opening of Parliament, i.
237 ; her politics, i. 243 ; the
coronation of Queen Victoria, i.
355, 356 ; review in Hyde Park,
i. 365 ; on the heating of churches,
ii. 72 ; and Queen Victoria, ii. 104
Bariatinsky, Prince, aide-de-camp
to Russian Emperor, ii. 157 ;
State dinner and ball at Windsor,
ii. 187-190
Baring, Mrs. (afterwards Lady Ash-
burton), i. 311
Sir Francis Thornhill (after-
wards Lord Northbrook and Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer), on the
revenue, ii. 51 ; possible official
changes, ii. 60
Barnby Moor, i. 130, 131
Barnet, i. 43
Baron Hill, Princess Victoria's visit
to, i. 46, 47
Barrington, Lady C., and Queen
Victoria, i. 245, 372, ii. 210
Bartley, George, in The Lady of
Lyons, i. 292 ; in King Lear, ii.
121
Bates, Miss, marriage to Sylvain
Van de Weyer, i. 73, ii. 13
Bathurst, Lady Emily, i. 59
Battle Abbey, description of, i. 101
Baudrand, General Comte, i. 137
Bavaria, Prince Royal of, visits
Queen Victoria, i. 368
Beaconsfield, Earl of, see Disraeli
Beauclerk, Lady Mary, i. 315
Beaufort, Duke of, marriage to two
half-sisters, i. 351
Beaumaris, Princess Victoria re-
ceives an address, i. 46
Beaumont, Mr., in Bluebeard, i. 56
Beauvale, Lord, see Lamb, Sir F.
Bedchamber plot, ii. 142, 171 et seq.
Bedford, Francis, seventh Duke of,
ii. 41
Duchess of, ii. 211
Beechey, Sir Wm., R.A., portrait
painter to Queen Charlotte, i. 71 ;
Mrs. Jordan, ii. 101
Beggars' Opera, The, by Gay, i. 330,
ii. 91, 144
Belfast, Earl of (afterwards Lord En-
nishowen and Marquess of Done-
gall), ii. 319
Belgians, King of the, see Leopold
Queen of the, see Louise
Belgium, timber quarrel, i. 252 ;
dispute with HoUand, i. 380, 384,
387, 388, ii. 36, 48, 76, 78, 119,
151, 154, 155
Belisario, i. 188
Bellasyse, Lady Charlotte, marriage,
i. 314 ; Lady to the Duchess of
Gloucester, ii. 2, 3
Bellini, composer of the opera /
Puritani, i. 115, 133, 186
Belluomini, Dr., and death of Mme
Malibran, i. 170
Bennett, George, in King John, i.
88 ; in The Separation, i. 146 ; in
other plays, i. 148 ; in King Lear,
ii. 121
Bentinck, Lord Wm., Lord Melbourne
on, ii. 16, 72
M. de, ii. 187
Beresford, William Carr, Viscount
("Marshal Beresford"), i. 146
Viscountess (wife of above), i.
146
Beriot, M. de, death of his wife,
Madame Malibran, i. 168-171
Berry, Due de, ii. 74
Duchesse de, Lord Melbourne
on, ii. 74
Bertie, Lady Charlotte, i. 58, 59
Bertram, Mr., in Kenilioorth, i. 66
Bessborough, third Earl of, anec-
dote of, i. 321
Best, Sir Wm. Draper, see Wynford,
Lord
Mr., duel with Lord Camelford,
ii. 16
Bickersteth, Henry (afterwards Lord
Langdale), and the Crown jewels,
ii. 33 ; and the blue ribbon, ii.
197
Bigge, Sir Arthur (afterwards Lord
Stamiordham), ii. 167
Bignon, M., ii. 206
BiUington, Elizabeth, the brilliant
singer, ii. 140
Birds, Lord Melbourne on songs of,
i. 316, 324
INDEX
329
Birmingham, Princess Victoria's visit
to, i. 44
Biron, Due de, his kindness to Lord
Rodney, i. 287
Bishopthorpe (Archbishop of York's
Palace), Princess Victoria's visit
to, i. 131-135
Blackwood, Mrs. (afterwards Lady
Dufferin), i. 192, 219 ; Lord Mel-
bourne on, ii. 242
Bland, Dorah, see Jordan, Mrs.
Mr. (brother of above), ii. 102
Blebelsberg, Marie, Countess (wife
of Prince Charles of Leiningen),
and Queen Victoria, i. 189, 190,
193-195, 198, 201-203, 207, 208,
216 ; procession in state, i. 209,
210; Chapter of the Garter, i.
214, 215
Blessington, Countess of, and Count
d'Orsay, i. 186
Blois, Mile, de, ii. 62
Blomfield, Dr. Charles James, Bishop
of London, report on Princess
Victoria's attainments, i. 18 ; a
fine sermon, i. 100 ; character of,
i. 125 ; and Lord Melbourne, ii.
157
Bodleian Library, The, Princess
Victoria's visit to, i. 60
Boleyn, Anne, ii. 155, 240
Borgo, Pozzo di, see Pozzo
Borromeo, Cardinal, ii. 37
Boscawen, Lord (afterwards second
Earl of Falmouth), i. 60
Boston, Frederick, second Lord, i.
245
George, third Lord, i. 245
Bos well's Life of Johnson, i. 185
Bourbon, Louise Marie Adelaide de
(Louis Philippe's mother), ii. 62
Bourdin, Mme., Princess Victoria's
dancing mistress, 68, 77
Bouverie, Lady Jane Harriet, one
of Queen Victoria's tram-bearers,
ii. 319
Bowerhill, Mrs., matron at Miss
Murray's orphanage, i. 163
Boyer, Colonel, i. 138
Boyle, Lady (Emily Seymour), and
Lord Melbourne, ii. 266
Boyne House, i. 129, 130
II 22*
Bradford, Sir Thomas, Commander-
in-Chief at Bombay, i. 295
Braganza, Duchess of (Empress of
Brazil), and Princess Victoria, i.
86, 87, ii. 220, 221, 223
Braunston, curious spire at, i. 44
Braybrooke, Lady (wife of third
Lord), i. 343
Breadalbane, John, second Marquess
and fifth Earl of, invested with
Order of the Thistle, i. 295
Brendal, Mr., in King John, i. 88
Bride of Lammermoor, The, first
novel read by Queen Victoria, i.
260
Bright, John, i. 39
Brighton, Queen Victoria's visit to,
i. 229-232 ; her dislike of, ii. 59
Brinckman, Lady, ii. 75
British Artists, petition from Society
of, i. 321, 322
Gallery, Princess Victoria's
visits to, i. 79, 162
Brock, Mrs., Princess Victoria's
nurse, i. 61 ; death, i. 159
Brocket Hall, Lord Melbourne's
residence, i. 221, 299, 307
Broglie, Due de, and Louis Philippe,
ii. 100, 143
Duchesse de, i. 256, and Louis
Philippe, i. 306
Bronte, Charlotte, i. 6
Brooke, George Guy, Lord (after-
wards fourjbh Earl of Warwick),
A.D.C. to Queen Victoria, i. 77
Brougham, Lord, Lord Chancellor,
i. 68 ; and Queen Victoria, i. 200,
217, 237, ii. 208, 220; Catholic
Emancipation Act, i. 240 ; on
education, i. 241 ; unsparing criti-
cisms on his old colleagues, i. 244 ;
Canada Government Bill, i. 257,
268, 269, 277 ; on Jamaican
slavery, i. 294 ; on the Poor Laws,
i. 295, 296 ; strangeness in Paris,
i. 307 ; and Mrs. Fitzherbert, i.
314, 315 ; Lord Melbourne on,
i. 382, ii. 244 ; on George IV.,
ii. 40, 58 ; severe letter on Minis-
ters, ii. 80 ; and Lord Normanby,
ii. 116, 136 ; and the blue ribbon,
ii. 197 ; debate on Ireland, ii.
830
INDEX
226, 227 ; and Lord Lyndhurst,
ii. 238 ; reported death, ii. 271,
272
Broughton, Lord, see Hobhouse, Sir
J.
Brown, Colonel, ii. 270
Captain, of H.M.S. Caledonia,
i. 84
Browning, Robert, i. 6
Brownlow, first Earl, i. 120
Countess of (second wife of
above), i. 112 ; Eton Montem, i.
119, 120
Bruce, Earl (afterwards second Mar-
quess of Ailesbury), dances with
Queen Victoria, ii. 175, 211
Mrs. Dash wood, see Pitt, Hon.
Bruno w, Baron, Russian Ambas-
sador, and Lord Melbourne, ii.
252 ; dinner at Windsor, ii. 262,
263
Brunswick, Charles William Freder-
ick, Duke of, ii. 2
Duchess of (wife of above), and
Queen Charlotte, i. 302, ii. 2 ;
and Lord Melbourne, ii. 307
Buckingham, first Duke of, ii. 16,
43, 180
Richard, second Duke of, ii. 180
Buckley, Colonel Edward Pery (after-
wards General and M.P.), Equerry
to Queen Victoria, i. 218-223, 265,
372 ; Drury Lane Theatre, i. 271 ;
christening of his son Victor
327 ; the State ball, ii. 188
Lady Catharine (wife of above),
Queen Victoria sponsor to her
son Victor, i. 327
Buckstone, J. B., manager of the
Haymarket Theatre, ii. 201
Buggin, Lady Cecilia (afterwards
created Duchess of Inverness),
marriage to the Duke of Sussex, ii.
314
Bulkeley, Sir Richard, tenth Baronet,
M.P. for Anglesey, Princess Vic-
toria's visit to, i. 46, 47
Lady (wife of above), descrip-
tion of her dress, i. 47
Billow, Baron Heinrich von, Prussian
representative in London, i. 380 ;
and Lord Palmerston, i. 388, ii. 76
Bulwer, Sir Henry (afterwards Lord
Dalling), Secretary of Embassy at
Constantinople, ii. 20, 22
Bulwer-Lytton, Edward (afterwards
Baronet and Baron), the novelist,
address from Lincoln, i. 189 ; The
Lady of Lyons, i. 292 ; his personal
appearance, i. 299 ; Coronation
honours, i. 355 ; Eugene Aram,
ii. 83 ; Richelieu, ii. 141 ; hia
wife's book, ii. 145
Mrs. (wife of the above), attacks
her husband in her book, ii. 132
Buren, van, President of the State
of Maine, and the Canadian
Boundary question, ii. 21
Burghersh, Lord (afterwards eleventh
Earl of Westmorland), i. 295
Lady (wife of above), and
Charles Mathews, i. 149, 150;
and Lord Melbourne, i. 302, 303 ;
and the Duke of Wellington, ii. 310
Burgundy, Duke of, murder of the
Duke of Orleans ii. 93
Burgundy, History of the Princes of
the House of, by Barante, i. 242,
263 ; Lord Melbourne on, ii. 92
Burke, Edmund, Annual Register,
i. 262 ; court etiquette, ii. 41 ;
anecdote of, ii. 50
Burleigh, Lord, and his nephew
Bacon, ii. 128
Burlington, Countess of, see Cavendish,
Lady
Burnes, Captain Alexander, on
Northern East India, i. 89 ; sent
on mission to Cabul, ii. 63 ; and
murder of, ii. 146
Burnet, Bishop, Memoirs, i. 396
Bury, Lady Charlotte, Lady-in-
Waiting to Queen Caroline, Diary
Illustrative of the Times of George I V. ,
i. 310, 394 ; reviewed by Lord
Brougham, i. 314
Bute, first Marquess of, i. 397, ii. 69
second Marquess of, i. 397
Butler, Dr., Headmaster of Shews-
bury School, i. 6
Mrs. (Fanny Kemble), her jour-
nal, i. 128, 132, 256; on Queen
Victoria's speech, i. 213
Buxton, Thomas Fowell (afterwards
INDEX
331
a Baronet), and the slave traffic,
ii. 28
Buxton, Princess Victoria at, i. 52
Byng, Hon. Edmund, Commissioner
in Colonial Audit Office, at Clare-
mont, i. 179
Hon. F. G., Gentleman Usher
of the Privy Chamber, i. 303, 374
Hon. George (afterwards second
Earl of Strafford), Comptroller of
the Household, i. 205, ii. 155,
188 ; Sir F. Grant's picture, ii. 222
Lady Agnes (wife of above), ii.
75, 188
Hon. Henry (second son of
above), afterwards Equerry to
Queen Victoria, ii. 313, 321
Byron, William, fifth Baron, duel
with Wm. Chaworth, i. 341
George Gordon, sixth Baron,
the illustrious Poet : Don Juan, i.
5 ; Werner, i. 237 ; Lord Mel-
bourne on, i. 303, 304 ; and Miss
Chaworth, ii. 340, 341 ; and Miss
Milbanke, i. 342
Lady, formerly Miss Milbanke
(wife of above), i. 342
George Anson, seventh Baron,
Lord-in-Waiting to Queen Vic-
toria, i. 298, 372, ii. 217, 285 ;
Queen Victoria's wedding, ii. 318
CABUL, mission to, ii. 63
Caledonia, H.M.S., i. 84, 85
Callcott, Sir Augustus Wall, R.A.,
i. 71'
Calvinists, Lord Melbourne on, ii. 55
Cambaceres, second Consul in the
French Constitution, ii. 8
Cambridge, H.R.H. Adolphus, Duke
of (1774-1850) : Princess Victoria's
birthday, i. 118 ; Eton Montem,
i. 119-121 ; Princess Victoria's
Confirmation, i. 125 ; Lord Mayor's
dinner, i. 233 ; and Coronation of
Emperor of Austria, i. 300 ; a
dinner party, i. 374 ; State ball,
ii. 174 ; Royal Houses, ii. 235 ;
question of precedence, ii. 283 ;
opening of Parliament, ii. 297 ;
Queen Victoria's wedding, ii. 319
Cambridge, H.R.H. Augusta, Duchess
of (wife of above) : a concert, i. 114 ;
her marriage, i. 118 ; Confirmation,
i. 125 ; Lord Mayor's dinner, i.
233 ; the House of Lords, i. 237 ;
Queen Victoria's Coronation, i.
360 ; a dinner party, i. 374 ; a
reception, i. 376 ; State ball, ii.
174 ; Queen Victoria's wedding,
ii. 319
Prince George of (afterwards
Duke of, and Commander-in-
Chief), birthday balls, i. 77, 331 ;
Ascot Races, i. 99 ; Eton Montem,
i. 119-121 ; State baUs, i. 150, 151,
317 ; Lord Mayor's dinner, i.
233 ; a dinner party, i. 374 ; his
visit to Lisbon, ii. 49, 50
Princess Augusta of (afterwards
Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-
Strelitz), birthday presents, i. 118 ;
represents Queen Adelaide at two
drawing-rooms and the ball at
St. James's, i. 188, 190, 192 ; Lord
Mayor's dinner, i. 233 ; a recep-
tion, i. 374 ; her character, ii.
150 ; State ball, ii. 174
Princess Mary of (afterwards
Duchess of Teck), i. 237 ; Queen
Victoria's marriage, ii. 321
Camelford, Lord, killed in a duel, ii.
16
Cameron, Sir John, in command of
the Western district, i. 85
Camidge, Matthew, organist at York
Minster, i. 133
Campbell, Sir Colin (afterwards Field-
Marshal Lord Clyde), Commander-
in-Chief in India, his character, i.
80
Lady (wife of Major-General
Sir Guy Campbell, Bart.) i. 312
Canada, rebellion in, i. 246, 247 ;
Government Bill, 251-254, 257, 258,
260, 261, 263, 264, 268, 269, 276-
278 ; troops in, i. 261, 275 ; Duke
of Wellington on, i. 269 ; prisoners,
i. 293 ; Lord Durham's despatch,
ii. 3 ; boundary question, ii. 21
Candahar, troops sent to, ii. 63
Canning, Charles (afterwards Vis-
count, and Governor-General of
332
INDEX
India), i. 60 ; his shyness, i. 241,
276
Canning, Rt. Hon. George, Eton por-
trait of, i. 343 ; on Lord Melbourne,
ii. 19 ; and Lord Morley, ii. 86 ;
and William IV., ii. 248; and
Pitt, ii. 261
Cantelupe, George, Viscount, i. 60 ;
State ball, i. 332
Canterbury, Princess Victoria at, i.
135
Archbishop of, see Howley and
Sumner
Carew, Robert Shapland, first Lord,
Coronation honours, i. 353 ; Lord
Melbourne on, ii. 136
Carlisle, sixth Earl of, ii. 261
seventh Earl of, see Morpeth,
Lord
Carlos, Don, and Queen Christina, i.
87
Carlyle, Thomas, i. 6
Carmarthen, Marquess of (after-
wards seventh Duke of Leeds),
Coronation honours, i. 353, 355
Carnarvon, Princess Victoria's visit
to, i. 46
Caroline, Queen (wife of George II.),
Horace Walpole on, ii. 44 ; Lord
Melbourne on, ii. 110
Queen (wife of George IV.), i.
2, 5 ; her trial, i. 395 ; sympathy
for, ii. 5, 6 ; letter from George IV.,
ii. 58
Castlemaine, Roger Palmer, Earl of,
his mission to the Vatican, ii. 36
Catherine of Aragon and Henry
VIII., ii. 158
of Braganza, ii. 44
Catholic Emancipation Act, i. 239,
240
Cavendish, Lord William (afterwards
second Earl of Burlington and
seventh Duke of Devonshire), his
character, i. 53
Lady (wife of above), i. 53 ;
her son, i. 54 ; theatricals at
Chatsworth, i. 56 ; Lady of the
Bedchamber, i. 374
Miss Fanny (sister of Lord
Cavendish), at Chatsworth, i. 54,
56
Cavendish, Colonel the Hon. H. F. C.,
Clerk-Marshal to Queen Victoria :
in attendance on the Queen, i.
199, 203, 205, 208, 220-223 ; rides
with the Queen, i. 228, 292, 293,
298, 328, 372; procession in
state, i. 209 ; leaves Brighton, i.
232; visit to Eton, i. 342; the
Queen's accident, ii. 14 ; a review,
ii. 23, 24 ; the State ball, ii. 188 ;
at Woolwich, ii. 248 ; the Queen's
wedding day, ii. 318
Mrs. (wife of the above), i. 225 ;
rides with Queen Victoria, i. 229
Miss Caroline Fanny (daughter
of above), Maid- of -Honour, i. 219 ;
rides with Queen Victoria, i. 220,
222, 227, 228, 292, 298, 372 ; at
Windsor, i. 221 ; Drury Lane, i.
265, 271 ; the State ball, ii. 188
George (son of Colonel Caven-
dish), Queen Victoria's page : re-
views at Windsor, i. 226, 227, ii.
23
Lady Caroline, theatricals at
Chatsworth, i. 56
Lady Louisa, the State ball, ii.
188
Cenerentola, opera by Rossini, i. 70
Cetto, Baron, i. 368
Chalmers, Dr., ii. 126
Chalon, A. E., portraits by, i. 186
Chambers, W. F., Physician-in-
Ordinary to William IV. and
Queen Victoria, and Queen Ade-
laide, i. 347
Chantrey, Sir F., sculptor, stalues of
Mrs. Jordan, ii. 101 ; of Queen
Victoria, ii. 119; of Lord Mel-
bourne, ii. 311
Charades at Chatsworth, i. 56
Charlemont, Countess of (wife of
second Earl), Lady of the Bed-
chamber to Queen Victoria, i.
204; Chapter of the Garter, i.
214; at Windsor, i. 221, 234,
291 ; opera, i. 372
Charles I., Queen Victoria on, i.
263 ; his marriage, ii. 43
Charles II., portrait of, i. 101, 102 ;
his looks, ii. 54 ; Duchess of
Portsmouth on, ii. 68 ; actresses
INDEX
333
in his reign, ii. 84 ; in Parliament,
ii. 119
Charles X., see Artois, Comte de
Charles, Archduke, i. 386
Charleville, second Earl of, ii. 134
Charlotte, Queen (wife of George III.),
court etiquette, i. 289, ii. 2,
110 ; Brougham on, i. 308, ii.
40 ; her appearance, i. 309, ii.
41 ; fondness for presents, i. 389 ;
the Crown jewels, i. 390, ii. 33 ;
miniature of, ii. 54 ; and Mrs.
Howe, ii. 70 ; and Mrs. Fitz-
herbert, ii. 87 ; and Lord Mel-
bourne, ii. 147 ; her marriage in
Annual Register, ii. 273, 274;
and her son, ii. 290
Princess (daughter of George IV.,
wife of Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-
Saalfeld), marriage and death, i.
278, 388, ii. 290 ; and her husband,
ii. 103, 281 ; and George IV., ii. 290
Charteris, Hon. Frank (afterwards
LordElcho), ii. 277
Chartist agitation, ii. 46, 61
Chatsworth (seat of the Duke of
Devonshire), Princess Victoria's
visit to, i. 52-54 ; the sights of, i.
54
Chavigny, Mile., i. 66
Chaworth, Miss, and Byron, i. 340,
341 ; her unhappy marriage, i.
341, 342
William, killed in duel by fifth
Lord Byron, i. 341
Chester, address to Princess Vic-
toria, i. 50
Bishop of, see Sumner, J. B.
Dean of, see Davys, Rev. George
Palace, ii. 133
Chicheley, Henry, Archbishop of
Canterbury, ii. 318
Chichester, Hon. Adolphus, page to
Queen Victoria, ii. 174
Child, Mr., Mrs., and Miss, i. 58
Children's Friendly Society, i. 162-
164
Cholmondeley, Marchioness of (wife
of first Marquess), i. 313
second Marquess of, ii. 58
Christ Church (Oxford), Princess
Victoria's visit to, i. 59
Christina of Spain, Queen, i. 87
Church questions, ii. 18, 19, 27, 72
Churchill, Francis, first Lord, re-
ceives Princess Victoria at Wood-
stock, i. 58
Lord John, i. 216
Civil List Bill, i. 246
Clanricarde, first Marquess of, and
the Emperor, ii. 75, 76 ; on Russia,
ii. 213
Marchioness of (wife of above),
i. 318
Clanwilliam, Countess of (wife of
third Earl), i. 319
Claremont, Princess Victoria's resi-
dence at, i. 140, 166, 179
Clarendon's History of the Rebellion
and Memoirs, i. 263
Clarendon Printing Press, visited by
Queen Victoria, i. 60
Earl of, see Villiers
Clark, Dr., afterwards Sir James,
Physician to Princess Victoria, i.
137, 143, 195, 198 ; and vaccina-
tion, ii. 102
Cleveland, first Duke of, i. 68, 98 ;
at Windsor, i. 100; and Lord
Grey, i. 369
Clifford of Chudleigh, seventh Lord,
and Lord Melbourne, ii. 36
Sir Augustus, Usher of the
Black Rod, theatricals at Chats -
worth, i, 56
Lady (wife of above), her son,
i. 54 ; theatricals at Chatsworth,
i. 56
Mrs., in King Lear, ii. 121
Clinton, Lord Thomas, i. 60
Lady, Lady of the Bedchamber
in Waiting, i, 98, 99
Clive, Life of, by Sir John Malcolm,
i. 185
Clive, Lady Harriet, i. 45, 365
Lady Lucy, i. 45
Cliveden, account of, ii. 16
Clyde, Field-Marshal Lord, see Camp-
bell, Sir Colin
Cocks, Miss Caroline Margaret (after-
wards Mrs. Courtenay), Maid-of-
Honour to Queen Victoria, i. 220-
222, 247
Codrington, Lady Georgina (daughter
334
INDEX
of seventh Duke of Beaufort), ii.
292
Cceur de Lion, Richard, i. 261
Coke, first Lord, Lord Melbourne on,
ii. 271
Sir John, ii. 5, 9
Thomas William, Lord (after-
wards second Earl of Leicester),
at Paris, ii. 30
Sir Thomas, Vice-Chamberlain
to George I., ii. 5, 228
Miss (daughter of above), ii. 5
Colonel, and the Revolution, ii.
9
Colborne, Sir J. (afterwards Field-
Marshal and first Lord Seaton), i.
261 ; and the Canadian prisoners,
i. 293
Lord, ii. 295
Collen, Mr., portrait painter, i. 77 ;
Princess Victoria sits for her
picture, i. 121, 129
Colonial policy, i. 398
Compton, Lady Marianne (after-
wards Lady Alford), ii. 278
Confirmation of Princess Victoria, i.
124-126
Congleton, Lord, see Parnell, H. B.
Coningsby, Eton Montem in, i. 336
Conquest of Granada, The, read by
Princess Victoria, i. 162, 172, 175
Conroy, Sir John, Comptroller to the
Duchess of Kent, Princess Vic-
toria's dislike for, i. 13, 25, 27, 28,
32 ; at Alton Towers, i. 57 ; made
a Doctor of Civil Law, i. 59 ; at
Kensington Palace, i. 61, 64-70,
88-90 ; dinner party for Duke of
Orleans, i. 74 ; birthday presents
to Princess Victoria, i. 76, 117, 180 ;
a birthday ball, i. 77 ; goes to the
opera, i. 79, 93, 94, 96, 97; at
Norris Castle, i. 80-85 ; lecture on
physics, i. 89 ; Madame Vestris's
Olympic, i. 148
Lady (wife of the above), at
Kensington Palace, i. 64 ; opera
and theatres, i. 65, 70, 90, 93 ;
rides with Princess Victoria, i. 67 ;
dinner parties, i. 69, 74 ; birthday
presents to Princess Victoria, i.
76, 118 ; at Norris Castle, i. 80-86 ;
lecture on physics, i. 89 ; the
Royal procession, i. 100 ; at St.
Leonards, i. 103 ; at Ramsgate,
i. 136 ; Christmas at Claremont, i.
197 ; ball at St. James's, i. 190 ;
Conroy, Miss Victoire (daughter of
above), at Plas Newydd, i. 48 ;
at Kensington, i. 61 ; theatres and
operas, i. 64 ; rides with Princess
Victoria, i. 66, 67, 82 ; a present,
i. 76 ; at Norris Castle, i. 81-83 ; at
Portsmouth, i. 86 ; at St. Leonards,
i. 103, 104 ; Eton Montem, i. 119 ;
a dinner party, i. 137 ; Christmas
at Claremont, i. 179, 180 ; the
drawing-room, i. 189
Miss Jane, goes to the play, i.
64 ; birthday presents, i. 76, 118 ;
at Norris Castle, i. 81-83 ; at
Portsmouth, i. 86 ; at St. Leon-
ard's, i. 103, 104 ; dinner party,
i. 158
Edward, birthday presents, i.
76 ; visit to the Victory, i. 83
Henry, birthday presents, i.
76 ; at Southampton, i. 81 ; ride
with Princess Victoria, i. 82 ;
visit to the Victory, i. 83 ; at St.
Leonards, i. 103, 104
Stephen, birthday presents, i.
76 ; at St. Leonard's, i. 103, 104
Consort, Prince, see Albert, Prince
Constant, Benjamin, his psycholo-
gical novel Adolphe, ii. 61, 62
Constantinople, defence of, ii. 258
Conyngham, Francis, second Mar-
quess, Lord Chamberlain at Wind-
sor Castle, i. 98 ; Confirmation
of Princess Victoria, i. 125 ;
announces the King's death to
Queen Victoria, i. 183, 196 ; au-
dience with the Queen, i. 201, 238 ;
procession in state, 209 ; the
Queen's arrival at Windsor, i. 221 ;
rides with the Queen, i. 222, 292,
293, 298 ; a game of chess, i. 225 ;
Lord Mayor's dinner, i. 233 ; the
House of Lords, i. 237 ; Drury
Lane Theatre, i. 265, 271 ; visit
to Eton, i. 342 ; Coronation
ceremony, i. 355, 357 ; the opera,
i. 372 ; work at Eton, ii. 56 ;
INDEX
835
on thieving at school, ii. 66 ; the
Queen's appreciation of his chil-
dren, ii. 75 ; Sir F. Grant's pic-
ture, ii. 222
Conyngham, Marchioness (wife of
above), at Windsor Castle, i. 98 ;
picture of George IV., ii. 91
Lady Elizabeth, see Aboyne
Cooke, T. P., in The Innkeeper's
Daughter, i. 88
Cooper, Mr., at Chatsworth, i. 54, 56
Copley, Lady Charlotte, at Windsor,
i. 221 ; rides with the Queen, i. 222
Copyright Bill, ii. 155
Corbett, Mr., Mrs., and Miss, i. 58
Cork, Countess of, and Lord Mel-
bourne, i. 394
Corn Laws, ii. 104, 105
Corneille's tragedies, ii. 32
Cornwallis On the Sacrament, i. 159
Coronation of Queen Victoria,
preparations for, i. 291, 294, 302,
313, 321 ; honours, i. 335, 353 ;
the ceremony, i. 336, 355-363 ;
homage at, i. 337
Costa, Michael (afterwards Sir
Michael), conductor of Co vent
Garden Orchestra, at Windsor, i.
114, 116
Cosway, Mr., his picture of Lord
Melbourne, ii. 82
Cottenham, first Lord, Lord Chan-
cellor, Lord Melbourne on, i. 282,
ii. 119 ; and Council, ii. 44, 45 ;
resignation of the Ministry, ii. 163 ;
Household appointments, ii. 174,
176 ; precedence question for
Prince Albert, ii. 283
Coulon, Mr., in La Sonnambula, i.
67 ; in Nathalie, i. 75
Court etiquette, i. 288
Covent Garden, Princess Victoria
sees Oustavus and the Masqued
Ball, i. 90; Werner and Fra
Diavolo, i. 236, 237 ; King Lear,
ii. 121
Coventry, Princess Victoria passes
through, i. 44
Coventry, Countess of (formerly Miss
Gunning (wife of sixth Earl), i. 378
Countess of (wife of eighth
Earl), i. 315
Cowan, John, Lord Mayor, dinner to
the Queen, i. 233, 234
Co wen, Mr., a landscape painter, i.
153
Cowes, Princess Victoria at, i. 81
Cowley, first Lord, ii. 205
Lady, see Wellesley
Cowper, fifth Earl (1799-1837), i.
242 ; portrait of, ii. 95 ; Lord
Melbourne on, ii. 296
Countess (wife of above, sister
of Lord Melbourne), i. 221 ; and
her grandchildren, i. 243 ; State
ball, i. 332 ; and Lord Brougham,
i. 382; a review, ii. 24; her
travelling requirements, ii. 79 ;
picture of George IV., ii. 91 ; her
brother's portrait, ii. 95, 96 ; the
State ball, ii. 175 ; State dinner
at Windsor, ii. 187 ; Virginia
Water, ii. 234 ; marriage to Lord
Palmerston, ii. 260, 274, 275
sixth Earl, Lord Melbourne on,
i. 256 ; his shy manner, i. 297,
318 ; portrait of, i. 316 ; review,
ii. 23, 24
Countess (wife of sixth Earl),
i. 285, ii. 128
Lady Emily, see Ashley, Lady
Lady Fanny (daughter of fifth
Earl, afterwards Lady Jocelyn,
and Lady of the Bedchamber to
the Queen), presentation, i. 188 ;
her charms and beauty, i. 191,
192, 240, 318, 360, 375, ii. 225 ;
Brocket Hall, i. 221 ; her politics,
i. 276, 279 ; and her sister-in-law,
i. 285; State ball, i. 318, 319;
trainbearer at Coronation and
wedding, i. 357, 363, ii. 319; a
reception, i. 375 ; and acting, ii.
90; State ball, ii. 175; State
dinner, ii. 187 ; her education,
ii. 225 ; at Windsor Castle, ii.
234 ; her possible marriage, ii.
277 ; appointment, ii. 278 ; Christ-
mas service, ii. 285
Hon. Spencer (son of fifth
Earl), at Windsor, i. 221 ; mar-
riage, i. 242 ; and Lord Palmerston,
ii. 79
Hon. Wm. (son of fifth Earl),
386
INDEX
Groom-in- Waiting to the Queen,
i. 218; at Windsor, i. 221, 234,
247 ; Lord Mayor's dinner, i.
235 ; and Lord Melbourne, i. 243,
248, 256, 303 ; the opera, i. 372 ;
and Bulwer, ii. 127 ; victory for
the Government, ii. 154 ; a ride,
ii. 155 ; a possible appointment,
ii. 161 ; the Queen's speech, ii.
238; and Prince Albert, ii. 269,
271 ; his mother's marriage, ii.
296
Cowper, Life of, by Southey, i. 395
Cox, Mr., Life of Walpole, i. 351,
352
Crabbe, Rev. George, Gipsies' Ad-
vocate, i. 182
Cranmer, Archbishop, Hallam on, ii.
285
Craven, Countess of (wife of first
Earl), an actress, i. 256
Cremorne, Lord, ii. 266
Croker, Rt. Hon. John Wilson,
Secretary to the Admiralty, i. 178
Cromwell, Oliver, his descendants, i.
314
Crown jewels, ii. 33
Cumberland, Ernest Augustus, Duke
of (fifth son of George III.),
allegiance to Queen Victoria, i.
31 ; dinner to William IV., i. 68 ;
birthday present, i. 76 ; Eton
Montem, i. 119-121 ; Confirmation
ceremony, i. 125 ; his character
and succession as King of Han-
over, i. 197
Duchess of (wife of above), i. 76
Henry Frederick, Duke of (bro-
ther of George III.), i. 376, ii. 307 ;
his secret marriage, i. 390
William Augustus, Duke of
(son of George II.), ii. 78, 294 ; his
character, ii. 307
Gust, Sir Edward, Master of the
Ceremonies to the Queen, i. 69
Lady (wife of above), dinner to
William IV., i. 69; Somerset
House Exhibition, i. 70 ; birth-
day present to the Queen, i. 76,
118 ; a drawing-room, i. 192
Lady Sophia, at Windsor, i.
112 ; Eton Montem, i. 119, 120
DALLING, Lord, see Bulwer, Sir Henry
Dalmatie, Due de, see Soult, Marshal
Marquis de (son of above), i.
354, 355
Damoreau, Mme. Cinti, in Cener en-
tola, i. 70
Daniel, Mr., Somerset House Ex-
hibition, i. 71
Dardanelles, closed by the Treaty of
Unkiar Skelessi, ii. 257-259
Darling, Grace, her bravery in
saving life, ii. 35
Darlington, Earl of, see Cleveland,
Duke of
Darmstadt, Princess Mary of, her
intended marriage, ii. 212
Darnley, Lord, Lord Melbourne on,
ii. 219 ; his murder, ii. 300
Dam's History of Venice, i. 263
Darwin, Charles, at Shrewsbury
School, i. 6
" Dash," a favourite dog, i. 67, 80,
84, 110, 161, 212, ii. 95
David, Mile., i. 119
Davis, Dr., Provost of Eton College,
ii. 81
Miss, portrait of, i. 51
Davys, the Very Rev. George, Dean
of Chester (afterwards Bishop of
Peterborough), tutor to Princess
Victoria, i. 17, 19, 27, 61, 64-67,
69, 93-95, 109, 121, 129, 144, 145,
158, 172, 185, 187, ii. 50 ; birthday
presents to Princess Victoria, i.
75 ; death of his daughter, i. 78 ;
lectures on physics and mechanics,
i. 89, 90 ; his sermons, i. 92, 117,
153, 184, 195, 207 ; Confirmation
of Princess Victoria, i. 124 ; and
First Communion, i. 127 ; Ikon
Basilike, i. 161 ; Life of Colonel
Hutchinson, i. 172 ; death of
William IV., i. 203; and Lord
Melbourne, ii. 133 ; his appoint-
ment, ii. 156-159, 161
Miss (daughter of above), i.
212 ; at Windsor, i. 247 ; Eton
Montem, i. 342 ; review in Hyde
Park, i. 365
Debt, imprisonment for, i. 241
de Delmar, Mme., Hayter's picture
of, i. 71
INDEX
337
Deerbrook, by Miss Martineau, ii. 305
De Grey, first Earl, Lord Lieutenant
of Ireland, the proposed Cabinet,
ii. 169 ; account of, ii. 306
De Lisle, Lady, see Sidney, Lady
Sophia
De Lolme, On the English Constitution,
i. 194
Denbigh, seventh Earl of, Chamber-
lain to Queen Adelaide, i. 99, 113 ;
Eton Montem, i. 119, 120
Countess of (wife of above),
Eton Montem, i. 119, 120 ; Con-
firmation of Princess Victoria, i. 125
Denmark, Prince George of, ii. 273 ;
created Earl of Kendal and Duke
of Cumberland, ii. 276 ; naturali-
zation of, ii. 280
Denominations of the Christian World,
A Sketch of, by Dr. John Evans,
ii. 55
Derby, twelfth Earl of, i. 370
Countess of (wife of above),
formerly Elizabeth Farren, an
actress, i. 256
fourteenth Earl of, three times
Prime Minister, i. 369, 369
d'Erdody, Count Antoine Charles
Palffy, Chamberlain to Emperor
of Austria, ii. 12
De Ros, Olivia, and Lord Melbourne,
ii. 266
Desborow, Sir Edward, a descendant
of Oliver Cromwell, i. 314
Desmond, Countess of (wife of
twelfth Earl), her remarkable age,
i. 274
Dessaix, General, killed at Marengo,
i. 396
Devonshire, William Spencer, sixth
Duke of, receives Princess Victoria
at Chateworth, i. 53-58 ; dinner to
William IV., i. 68 ; audience with
the Queen, i. 215 ; Coronation
preparations, i. 321 ; State ball,
i. 332 ; a reception, i. 375
seventh Duke of, see Cavendish,
Lord Wm.
eighth Duke of, see Hartington
Georgiana, Duchess of (wife of
fifth Duke), the famous beauty, i.
53, ii. 29
Devonshire, House, i. 53
Dickens, Charles, the Queen on
Oliver Twist, ii. 86, 89, 91, 144
Dickson, Major-General Sir A.,
Director-General of Field-train De-
partment, i. 296
Diddear, Mr., in King John, i. 88
Dietz, M., Governor to Prince
Ferdinand, i. 151, 297
Dillon, Hon. Miss Louisa (afterwards
Lady Ponsonby Fane), Maid-of-
Honour to the Queen, i. 211, 232 ;
at Windsor, i. 247 ; a ride, i. 328 ;
Eton Montem, i. 342
Miss Margaret, see Hamilton,
Mrs.
Dino, Duchesse de, niece of Prince
Talleyrand, i. 72
Disraeli, Benjamin (afterwards Earl
of Beaconsfield), i. 18 ; Henry
Sidney, i. 68 ; at Gore House, i.
186 ; Eton Montem in Con-
ingsby, i. 336 ; and the Garter,
i. 354
Dolgorouki, Prince, Aide-de-Camp to
the Emperor of Russia, accom-
panies the Grand Duke to England,
ii. 157 ; the State ball, ii. 175 ;
State dinner at Windsor, ii. 187
Domenichino's original drawings at
Cumberland Lodge, ii. 10
Doncaster, a very pretty town, i. 131
Donizelli, Signer, opera singer, hi
II Barbiere di Siviglia, i. 66, 67 ; in
Cenerentola, i. 70 ; in Medea, i. 74
Donizetti, Signer, composer, i. 133 ;
L'Elisire d'Amore, i. 156, 164, 188 ;
Lucrezia Borgia, ii. 203
Don Juan, by Byron, i. 5
Doria Pamphilj Landi, Prince, mar-
riage with Lady Mary Talbot, ii.
40
D'Orsay, Count, and Lady Bles-
sington, i. 186 ; and Lord
Brougham's reported death, ii. 272
Countess (wife of above), i. 186 ;
second marriage, i. 242
Dorset, third Duke of, and Lady
Hamilton, i. 370
fifth Duke of, Master of the
Horse, at Windsor, i. 98 ; Ascot
Races, i. 99, 100
338
INDEX
Dost Mohammed, Ameer of Afghan-
istan, ii. 63, 146
Douglas, the last Duke of, ii. 98
Mrs., and Lord North's letters,
i. 392
Douro, Marquess of (second Duke of
Wellington), i. 191 ; a State ball,
i. 318 ; marriage to Lady Eliza-
beth Hay, ii. 122, 123
Marchioness of, see Hay, Lady
Elizabeth
Dover, Lady, i. 69
D'Oyley, George, Chaplain to the
Archbishop of Canterbury, ii. 73
Dropmore, Lady Grenville's resid-
ence, ii. 16
Drury, Harry, and his schoolmaster,
ii. 38
Drury Lane Theatre, The Barber of
Seville, i. 65, 66 ; King John and
The Innkeeper's Daughter, i. 88 ;
Hamlet, i. 263 ; Richard III., i. 271
Duchenois, Catherine Josephine, a
French actress, ii. 32
Dudley, Lord, and Cardinal Bor-
romeo's tomb, ii. 37
Duelling, Lord Melbourne on, ii. 141
Duncannon, Lord (afterwards fourth
Earl of Bessborough and Lord Lieu-
tenant of Ireland), i. 73 ; Lord
Brougham's attacks, i. 244 ; the
Queen's opinion of, i. 254 ; illness,
i. 320, 321 ; and Lord Shelburne's
marriage, i. 373 ; ministerial
troubles, ii. 61, 114 ; and Lord
Durham, ii. 100 ; his residence, ii.
128 ; and Lord Brougham, i. 136,
278 ; and Household appoint-
ments, ii. 174 ; and Russell's
conduct, ii. 200 ; Lord's debate
on Ireland, ii. 227 ; and Lord
Lurgan, ii. 228 ; concerning trees,
ii. 230; and Lady Holland, ii.
295 ; the opening of Parliament,
ii. 297 ; precedence for Prince
Albert, ii. 311
Duncombe, Mr., victory for the
Government, ii. 154
Dundas, Lord (afterwards first Earl
of Zetland), and the Queen, i. 307 ;
Coronation honours, i. 335, 353
Lady Charlotte (daughter of
above), Lady of the Bedchamber
to the Duchess of Kent, ii. 237, 268
Dunfermline, Lord, see Aberoromby
Dunraven, second Earl of, and Wil-
liam IV., i. 282
Dunstable, fair at, i. 43
Dupin, M., President of Chamber of
Deputies, ii. 138
Duprez, Gilbert Louis, opera singer,
ii. 140
Durham, first Baron (afterwards
first Earl of), Ambassador at St.
Petersburg, i. 81 ; his return and
audience with the Queen, i. 205,
206 ; a dinner party, i. 216 ; and
Canada, i. 253 ; appointed Gover-
nor-General of Canada, i. 258 ;
requires more troops in Canada, i.
275 ; and Duke of Wellington, i.
278 ; on learning Latin, i. 280 ;
on the King of Greece, i. 286 ; the
Queen's opinion of, i. 291 ; his
children, i. 311 ; goes to Canada,
L 337; his despatch, ii. 3, 4;
returns home, ii. 77 ; his inten-
tions, ii. 100
Countess of (wife of above), i.
216 ; and de Barante, i. 278 ; on
public-school education, i. 280 ;
history of, i. 284 ; the Queen's
kindness to, i. 291, 299; letter
to the Queen, ii. 100
Bishop of, see Maltby, Rev. E.
Duroc, his terrible sufferings, i. 281
EASTLAKE, SIB CHARLES, President
of Royal Academy, Somerset
House Exhibition, i. 71
Eaton Hall, Princess Victoria's visit
to Duke of Westminster at, i. 49
Ebrington, Lord (afterwards second
Earl Fortescue), Lord Lieutenant
of Ireland, i. 73 ; Government
difficulties, i. 270 ; Lord Melbourne
on, i. 274 ; and the Queen, i.
367, ii. 233
Ebury, Lord and Lady, see Grosvenor,
Lord and Lady Robert
Eden, Hon. Emily (sister of second
Lord Auckland), at Windsor, i.
99 ; Eton Montem, i. 119, 120 ;
INDEX
889
rescues a child from drowning, ii.
308
Edgeworth, Miss, her writings, ii. 86
Edinburgh Review, The, on Mme. de
Sevign6, i. 173 ; attack on
George IV., ii. 40, 58; on Sir
Wm. Temple, ii. 58
Education, mothers and character,
i. 246 ; compulsory and volun-
tary, ii. 117, 118 ; normal schools,
ii. 122, 212 ; and morality, ii. 148 ;
new scheme for national, ii. 187,
211, 212; Dr. Kay on treating
the poor, ii. 209, 210; Lord
Melbourne on, ii. 303
Edward II., the first Prince of
Wales, ii. 56 ; his fate, ii. 218
Edward III., his seven sons, ii. 218
Edward VI., Lord Melbourne on, ii.
158 ; death of his mother, ii. 218 ;
and Queen Mary, ii. 284
Edward VII., i. 41 ; and the Mar-
riage laws, i. 351 ; Coronation of,
i. 360 ; diplomatic skill of, ii. 22 ;
accorded precedence to office of
Prime Minister, ii. 192
Egerton, Lord Francis (afterwards
Earl of Ellesmere), on the army, i.
261 ; a dinner party, i. 278 ; the
Queen's opinion of, i. 284
Lady Francis (afterwards Coun-
tess of Ellesmere), i. 278 ; the
Queen's opinion of, i. 284
Lady (wife of Sir Philip Grey
Egerton), i. 50
Ensign, Princess Victoria pre-
sents colours to the 49th Regi-
ment, i. 85
Eglinton, thirteenth Earl of, his
famous tournament, ii. 212, 231,
242
Egremont, third Earl of, and Lord
Munster, i. 325 ; Lord Melbourne
on, i. 326 ; on Society, i. 346 ; on
the trial of Queen Caroline, i. 395
Egypt, Mehemet Ali, i. 379; Wil-
kinson's book on Egyptians, ii.
103 ; and Turkey, ii. 224 ; and
England, ii. 289
Elcho, Lord, see Charteris, F.
Eldon, Earl of, on the King of
England, ii. 80
Elections Bill, i. 272, 326
Eliot, Lady Harriet (sister of W. Pitt),
ii. 58
Elisire d'Amore, see Donizetti
Elizabeth, Queen, troubles of her
childhood, i. 2 ; her pride in
England, i. 8 ; her mother, i. 306 ;
sulphur monopolies, ii. 19 ; her
picture, ii. 96 ; and Henry VEIL,
ii. 158 ; her tyranny, ii. 219, 290 ;
Lord Melbourne on, ii. 257, 290,
300
Princess, the Landgravine
(daughter of George III.), i. 112 ;
birthday present, i. 118
Ellenborough, Lord, Governor-Gen-
eral of India, on the Canada Bill,
i. 276 ; proposed Cabinet, ii. 169
Ellice, Mr. ("Bear"), Secretary at
War, i. 73, 74
Master, Page-of-Honour, i.
209 ; and Marshal Soult, i. 367
Elphinstone, Miss (afterwards Vis-
countess Hawarden), i. 319, 373
Elsler, Mile. Fanny, her dancing, i.
75, 80, 94, 97, 373, ii. 218
Mile. Theresa, her dancing, i.
94, 97, ii. 218
Elton, Edgar William, as Beause"ant,
i. 292 ; in King Lear, ii. 121
Ely, Marquess of, see Loftus, Lord
Marchioness of (wife of second
Marquess), i. 151
Emerald, Princess Victoria on, i.
49, 80, 81, 83 ; accident to, i. 84,
85
Emlyn, Lord (afterwards second Earl
Cawdor), i. 78
Endymion, i. 6
England, see Great Britain
England, Constitutional History of, see
Hallam
History of, by Hume, i. 263
English Annual for 1837, i. 180
Constitution, On the, by De
Lolme, i. 194
Erroll, eighteenth Earl of, State
dinner at Windsor, ii. 187 ; the
Queen's wedding day, ii. 318
Countess of, and Charles Fox,
ii. 49
Essex, fifth Earl of, i. 374
840
INDEX
Essex, Countess of (wife of above),
and Princess Victoria, i. 374
Earl of (Queen Elizabeth's fav-
ourite), Lord Melbourne on, ii. 300
Esterhazy, Prince Paul, the Austrian
Ambassador, receives Order of
the Bath, i. 210 ; at a reception,
i. 375, 376 ; and Belgium, ii. 36 ;
and the King of Naples, ii. 39 ;
audience with the Queen, ii. 197,
201, 202, 268 ; and France, ii.
201, 202 ; on Sir R. Peel, ii. 206
Prince Nicholas (son of above),
i. 77, 190 ; State ball, i. 317
Eton College, Princess Victoria at
"Montem," i. 119, 120, 123,
342-348 ; Lord Melbourne on, i.
333, 339, 346, 347, ii. 30, 31,
56, 64, 65; customs, i. 334; in
Coningsby, i. 336 ; education at,
i. 347, ii. 38 ; Marshal Soult at,
i. 367; and Dr. Keate, i. 393;
pocket-money at, ii. 64 ; school-
boy morality, ii. 65, 66 ; the
clock, ii. 100 ; "a nest of Tories,"
ii. 251
Eugene Aram, by Bulwer-Lytton, ii.
83
Euston, Countess of (wife of second
Duke of Graf ton), i. 304
Euthanasia, i. 281
Evans, Dr. John, A Sketch of the
Denominations of the Christian
World, ii. 55
Excursion, The, i. 6
Exeter, second Marquess of; Princess
Victoria's visit to, i. 25
Exposition of the Gospel of St.
Matthew, by the Bishop of Chester,
see Sumner, J. B.
FAGNIANI, MME., see Hertford, Mar-
chioness of, i. 311
Fair Maid of Perth, The, by Walter
Scott, i. 260
Falkland, ninth Viscount, rides with
the Queen, ii. 13 ; a review, ii.
23 ; at Windsor, ii. 264
Viscountess, daughter of Wil-
liam IV. (wife of tenth Viscount),
i. 113, 262
Falkland, Captain, Flag-Captain, i. 84
Farren, Wm., the actor, in The
Nervous Man, i. 65
Faucit, Mrs., in King John, i. 88
Faucit, Helen (daughter of above,
afterwards Lady Martin), the ac-
tress, Princess Victoria's opinion
of, i. 147, 148 ; in King Lear, ii. 121
Fauconberg, Lady, daughter of
Oliver Cromwell, i. 314
Feodora, Princess, see Leiningen
Ferdinand I., see Austria, Emperor of
Ferdinand VII. of Spain, death of,
i. 87
Ferdinand, Prince, see Saxe-Coburg
Ferguson, Mr. Cutlar, Judge-Advo-
cate-General, and the O'Connor
trial, i. 201
Fidelio, i. 67
Fieschi, attempted assassination of
King Louis Philippe, i. 145
Finden's Tableaux, i. 180
Fingall, ninth Earl of, Lord-in-
Waiting to the Queen, review hi
Hyde Park, i. 365 ; rides with the
Queen, ii. 120 ; at Woolwich, ii. 248
Fioravente, "Con pazienza suppor-
tiamo," i. 116
Fisher, Kitty, painted by Reynolds,
ii. 97
Fitzalan, Lord (afterwards fourteenth
Duke of Norfolk), dances with
Princess Victoria, i. 190, 318 ; his
marriage, ii. 234
Lady (wife of above), ii. 234
Fitzclarence, Lord Adolphus, his
pension, i. 261
Lord Frederick (second son of
William IV. and Mrs. Jordan), at
Ascot Races, i. 99 ; Eton Montem,
i. 119, 120 ; his pension, i. 325
Lady Frederick (wife of above),
i. 99, 119
Lady Eliza, see Erroll, Countess
of
Lady Sophia, see Sidney, Lady
Fitzgerald, Lord, and Lord Mel-
bourne, ii. 184
FitzHarris, Lady, wife of James
Howard (afterwards third Earl
of Malmesbury), and Brougham,
i. 307
INDEX
341
Fitzherbert, Mrs., and George IV.,
i. 312, 315 ; her history, ii. 87
FitzJames, Due de, ii. 61
Fitzroy, Lord Charles, Vice-Cham-
berlain, i. 205 ; the ballot ques-
tion, i. 273 ; the State ball, ii. 188
Fitzsimon, Mr., i. 287
Fitzwilliam, fifth Earl, Princess Vic-
toria's visit to, i. 25 ; the Canada
Bill, i. 277 ; the Queen's kindness,
i. 307; and Bishop of Peter-
borough, ii. 156, 158
Lady Anne, i. 367
Flahaut, Comte de (once French Am-
bassador in London), i. 31 1
Fleetwood, Sir Peter Hesketh, M.P.
for Preston, motion for extension
of suffrage, it 195, 198, 199
Fleischmann, General, i. 122
Fletcher's plays, ii. 122
Flore et Zephyr, ballet, i. 70
Foley, fourth Lord, presents an
address to Princess Victoria, i. 192
Folkestone, Lord (afterwards fourth
Earl of Radnor), i. 60; and the
Queen, i. 318
Follett, Sir Wm., Solicitor-General,
and afterwards Attorney-General,
and Lord Melbourne, i. 301, ii. 238
Fontenoy, Battle of, ii. 78
Forbes, Lady, rides with the Queen,
i. 328, ii. 13, 24
Foster, Miss, hi Old Mother Hubbard
and her Dog, i. 90
Fox, Charles James, and George IV.,
i. 10 ; on Hamlet, i. 266 ; and
Lord Melbourne, i. 287, ii. 239,
256 ; the singing of birds, i. 324 ;
and Lord Derby, i. 369 ; and
George III., i. 392, ii. 6-8, 184,
277 ; coalition with Lord North,
ii. 6-8 ; and Wilberforce, ii. 52 ;
his fondness for poetry and
literature, ii. 256
Mrs. (wife of above), i. 287 ;
her great age, ii. 231
Miss (niece of above), i. 300,
ii. 239
General Charles Richard, Re-
ceiver-General of Duchy of Lan-
caster, his love affairs, ii. 49, 97 ;
and Lady Holland, ii. 74
H28
Fox, Lady Mary (wife of above), ii.
49, 74
Henry, first Baron Holland,
ii. 76
Henry (afterwards fourth and
last Baron Holland), i. 314, ii.
74
Lady Augusta, and Lord Mel-
bourne, i. 315
Lady Caroline, ii. 77
Fox-Strangways,Lady Caroline (after-
wards Lady C. Kerrison), i. 240
Lady Susan, i. 378 ; carried
Queen Charlotte's train, ii. 274
Lady Theresa (afterwards Lady
Digby), and Princess Victoria, i.
92, 93 ; goes to the opera, i. 94,
95, 121, 186; birthday present,
i. 118 ; dinner party, i. 146 ; a
stormy journey, i. 177 ; Eton
Montem, i. 342 ; a Norman, ii. 153
Fozard, Mr., rides with Princess
Victoria, i. 219, 222, 292
Fra Diavolo at Covent Garden, i. 237
France, the Revolution, i. 21, 91,
ii. 8 ; and Mexico, i. 394 ; litera-
ture, ii. 9, 92 ; and Russia, ii.
22, 23, 236, 258, 289 ; in Algiers,
ii. 25 ; the Quadruple Alliance of
1834, ii. 31 ; the stage, ii. 32 ;
episodes in history of, ii. 93 ;
politics, ii. 99, 143 ; and England,
ii. 138 ; cookery, ii. 179 ; and
Austria, ii. 201 ; and Turkey, ii.
257, 258
Francis I., "King of the Two Sicilies,"
ii. 39 ; and the art of cookery,
ii. 179 ; a print of, ii. 196
Franking, the end of, penny postage
starts, ii. 291
Frederick the Great, print of, ii. 196
Frederick, Prince of Wales, ii. 110
Fremantle, Colonel, ii. 23
French, King of the, see Louis
Philippe
Queen of the, presents to
Princess Victoria, i. 72, 130; her
health, i. 143 ; the rising under
Louis Napoleon, i. 176
Friendship's Offering, i. 180
Fulham Palace, ii. 133
Furstenberg, M., i. 376
342
INDEX
GAGE, HON. HENRY EDWARD HALL,
i. 60
Gainsborough, Earl of, see Barham,
Lord
Gainsborough's portrait of " Per-
dita," ii. 97
Gaisford, Dr. Thomas, Dean of
Christ Church, i. 59
Gallery of Portraits, i. 305
Garcia, Manuel, i. 168
Gardiner, General Sir Robert, Equerry
to Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg,
birthday presents to Princess
Victoria, i. 75, 117
Lady, (wife of above), birthday
present to Princess Victoria, i. 117 ;
at Brighton, i. 230, 232; a re-
view, ii, 24
Henry Lynedoch (son of above),
Equerry in Ordinary to the Queen,
i. 80
Victoria and Emily (sisters of
above), birthday presents to Prin-
cess Victoria, i. 75, 179
Gardner, Alan Legge, third Lord, on
duelling, ii. 141
Garrick, David, the famous actor,
i. 148 ; on Johnson's poetry, i.
379; ancestors of, ii. 90; and
Mrs. Mary Robinson, ii. 97 ; anec-
dote of, ii. 140
Garter, Chapter of the, i. 215
Garth, Sir Samuel, an eminent
physician, his poetry, i. 313
Gay, Mr., wrote The Beggars' Opera,
i. 330, ii. 91, 92
George I., his character, ii. 40, 94
George II. and the Peerage Bill, i.
352
George II., Memoirs of the Last Ten
Years of the Reign of, by Horace
Walpole, ii. 40, 44
George III., England under, i. 1 ;
and Pitt, i. 8, 392 ; his character,
i. 8 ; treatment of his son
George IV., i. 9, ii. 30; no
private papers of, i. 41 ; pensioned
the Due de Biron's daughters, i.
287, 288 ; Lord Melbourne's des-
cription of, i. 304, ii. 203 ; Lord
Brougham on, i. 308, 309, ii. 40 ;
and Dukedoms, i. 369 ; his sons, i.
376 ; his illnesses, i. 376, 377 ;
his statue, i. 381 ; his strong dis-
likes, i. 392 ; handwriting, i. 393 ;
and Lady Cork, i. 394 ; and his
ministers, i. 397, ii. 7 ; severe
etiquette, ii. 2, 110 ; fond of the
Arts, ii. 11 ; churchgoing, ii. 27 ;
his collection of drawings, ii. 37 ;
miniature of, ii. 54 ; his blindness,
ii. 58 ; and Queen Charlotte, ii.
70 ; and Louis XVIII., ii. 74 ; a
hard rider, ii. 80 ; preference for
West over Reynolds as portrait
painter, ii. 82, 83 ; and Mrs.
Fitzherbert, ii. 87 ; dinner eti-
quette, ii. 94 ; his bitter mot, ii.
109 ; and Sir H. Taylor, ii. 143 ;
etiquette as to receiving members
of the Opposition, ii. 147, 148 ;
and his Household appointments,
ii. 184 ; his living at Windsor, ii.
221; love for Handel, ii. 229;
and Lord Sidmouth, ii. 235, 236 ;
played commap, ii. 259 ; his
Declaration to the Council of his
marriage, ii. 270, 273, 281 ; his
marriage, ii. 277, 279 ; the re-
ligious question, ii. 281 ; law as to
Sovereign's wills, ii. 283 ; hostile
speeches against, ii. 295
George III., History of, by Adol-
phus, i. 262
George III. and George IV., Remarks
on an Article for the "Edinburgh
Review " on the Times of, by General
Sir H. Taylor, i. 394, ii. 40, 58
George IV. (Prince of Wales and
Prince Regent), his character, i.
1. 8-12 ; artistic tastes, i. 11 ; his
private papers, i. 41 ; building of
Buckingham Palace, i. 213 ; and
Princess Charlotte, i. 278 ; anec-
dote of, i. 284, 285 ; and O'Connell,
i. 288 ; and Catholic Emancipa-
tion, i. 288 ; Lord Melbourne on,
i. 312, 390, 397, ii. 5, 6, 27, 29,
30, 74 ; and Mrs. Fitzherbert, i.
312, 315, ii. 87 ; his favourites, i.
315 ; the FitzClarence pensions,
i. 325, 326 ; his Coronation honours,
i. 335 ; the Order of the Bath, 1 i.
352 ; and the Church, i. 376 ;
INDEX
343
reminiscences of, i. 390-394, ii.
29, 30, 39, 91, 110, 283 ; and Lord
North, i. 391, 392 ; compared with
George III., i. 397 ; his will, ii.
32 ; The Edinburgh Review, ii.
40, 58 ; and Lord Brougham, ii.
40 ; and Queen Caroline, ii. 58,
101 ; and Brighton, ii. 59 ; and
Lord Anglesey, ii. 66 ; picture by
Gainsborough, ii. 67 ; by Rey-
nolds, ii. 82, 100; and Mrs.
Jordan, ii. 84 ; his high spirits, ii.
97 ; and Lady Holland, ii. 99 ;
and Sir H. Taylor, ii. 143 ; and
William VI., ii. 194; and Lord
Moira, ii. 202 ; independence of
the South American States, ii. 247 ;
and his dislikes, ii. 290 ; origin of
his names, ii. 306, 307
George IV., Diary of the Reign of, i.
310
George V., and Buckingham Palace,
i. 37 ; annual service for the
Order of the Bath, i. 352
Georges, The Four, i. 11
George of Denmark, Prince, i. 313
of Hanover, Prince, history of,
i. 332
German literature, ii. 9
Gilley, Lieutenant, drowned in saving
life, i. 108
Giovanni, Don, i. 338
Gipsies' Advocate, by Rev. G. Crabbe,
i. 182
Gipsy encampment, a, i. 180, 181, 184
Gitana, La, a ballet, ii. 204
Giubilei, Madame Proche, her acting
in Kenilworth, i. 65 ; and La
Sonnarribula, i. 67
Gladstone, W. E., and the Queen,
i. 39 ; on Lord Melbourne, ii. 322
Glenbervie, Lady, daughter of Lord
North, i. 392
Glencoe massacre and William III.,
ii. 240
Glenelg, Charles 'Grant, first and
only Lord, Secretary for the
Colonies, i. 200 ; audience with
the Queen, i. 216, 222, 255, 258,
ii. 121 ; and Canada, i. 253-255,
258, 277 ; and the outfit for the
Queen Dowager, i. 281, 282; his
present to the Queen, i. 333 ;
Council meeting, ii. 44 ; rearrange-
ment of offices, ii. 59, 60, 111-116 ;
troubles approaching, ii. 61 ; and
Sir George Grey, ii. 89 ; resigna-
tion, ii. 115, 116, 121
Glengall, Countess of, and Countess
of Mayo, ii. 308
Gloucester, William Henry, first
Duke of, Lord Melbourne on, i. 304
Duchess of (wife of above),
story of her life, i. 304
William Frederick, second Duke
of (son of above), his marriage, i.
65, 390; dinner to William IV.,
i. 68 ; birthday present to Princess
Victoria, i. 76 ; history and
character of, i. 104, 105; his
death, i. 105 ; a Whig, i. 376, ii.
294 ; his obstinacy, ii. 114
Duchess of (wife of above),fourth
daughter of George III., her char-
acter, i. 65 ; birthday presents to
Princess Victoria, i. 76, 118 ; visits
of Princess Victoria to, i. 79, 94,
100 ; death of her husband, i. 104,
105 ; a dinner party, i. 145 ; Lord
Mayor's dinner, i. 233 ; the House
of Lords, i. 237 ; offers to hold the
Queen's train, i. 302 ; the Queen's
Coronation, i. 360 ; a reception,
i. 374 ; gives a dance, ii. 150 ;
the State ball, ii. 174, 182; on
exchange of Royal houses, ii. 235
Goblet, General Albert Joseph,
Count d'Alviella, a distinguished
Belgian officer, i. 137, 168
Goderich, Lady, see Ripon, Countess
of
Goethe, i. 6 ; Wilhelm Meister, i.
256 ; and death, ii. 80
Gold plate, of different periods, ii.
152
Goodall, Joseph, Provost of Eton
College, the Queen visits Eton
Montem, i. 119, 343, 344;
anecdotes of, i. 119, 344; Lord
Melbourne on, i. 346, 347, ii. 81,
286
Mrs. (wife of above), enter-
tains the Queen at Eton, i. 343,
344
844
INDEX
Gordon, George, fifth and last
Duke of, history of, i. 68
Duchess of (wife of above), i.
68 ; birthday present to Princess
Victoria, i. 76
Gore, Hon. Charles Alexander, his-
tory of, ii, 277
Gosford, Lord, returns from Canada,
i. 293
Goulburn, Right Hon. Henry, candi-
date for Speaker's chair, ii. 166
Gould, Rev., assists Princess Victoria
in carriage accident, i. 104
Gower, see Leveson-Gower
Granville, Earl (afterwards
Marquess of Stafford, K.G., Lord
Privy Seal), i. 393, 396, 397
Grafton, George, second Duke of, i.
304
third Duke of, and George III.,
i. 393
George Henry, fourth Duke of,
i. 98 ; the Royal Procession, i. 100 ;
and the Coronation of the Queen,
i. 321
Graham, Sir James, Ministerial
levee, ii. 130; and the Queen,
ii. 162, 205 ; proposed new Cabinet,
ii. 166, 169
Granby, Charles, Marquess of (after-
wards sixth Duke of Rutland,
K.G.), ball at St. James's, i. 191
Grandineau, M., teacher of French
to Princess Victoria, i. 64, 67, 68, 72
Grant, Charles, account of, ii. 60
Sir Francis, his picture of Lord
Melbourne, ii. 222
Granville, Mr., i. 49
Granville, first Earl, Ambassador to
St. Petersburg and at Paris, i.
73 ; dinner to Prince Albert, i.
140 ; Mexico and Buenos Ayres,
ii. 20 ; French politics, ii. 99 ;
and George III., ii. 184 ; and Lady
Clanricarde, ii. 261 ; arrival of
Prince Albert, ii. 262
Countess (wife of above), i. 73 ;
Lord Melbourne on, i. 281, ii.
242 ; arrival of Prince Albert, ii. 262
Grassini, Mme., famous Italian
actress, ii. 140, 141
Gratz, Prince Windisch, ii. 13
Gray, Thomas, i. 174
Great Britain, English country life
in 1819, i. 3, 4 ; a gloomy year, i.
4, 5 ; war strength in peace, i.
389 ; and Turkey, ii. 19, 257, 258 ;
questions of alliance, ii. 22, 23 ;
Quadruple Alliance of 1834, ii. 31 ;
and France, ii. 138, 289 ; and
Russia, ii. 146, 147, 257, 269, 289
Greece, Otto, King of, i. 286
Queen of, i. 256
- State of, i. 265
Grenville, Lord, first Lord of the
Treasury, account of, ii. 16 ;
refusal of office, ii. 202
Lady (wife of above), Drop-
more, ii. 16
Rt. Hon. George, a distinguished
politician in reigns of George II. and
George III., and " the Grenville
Act," i. 326
Greville, Charles, journal of, i. 16
Henry, at Chatsworth, i. 54, 56
Grey, Charles, second Earl, Prime
Minister, and William IV., i. 12,
ii. 184 ; Reform Bill crisis, i. 21,
23 ; dinner to William IV., i. 69 ;
and the Queen Dowager's outfit,
i. 282 ; and Lord Howe, i. 289 ;
and Lord Durham, i. 311 ; his
portrait at Eton, i. 343 ; Corona-
tion ceremony of Queen Victoria,
i. 359 ; and Lord Derby, i. 369 ;
a reception, i. 375 ; and the
Queen's Household appointments,
ii. 173, 184, 202; and Lord
Ho wick's resignation, ii. 198, 199,
243, 244, 254
Countess (wife of above), i. 69
third Earl, see Howick, Lord
Colonel Charles (son of second
Earl), Equerry to the Queen, i.
247, 265 ; the Queen's wedding
day, ii. 318
Lady Jane, Queen Mary's cruelty
to, ii. 219 ; her two sisters, ii. 289
Sir George, second Baronet,
Under-Secretary for Colonies, ac-
count of, i. 300 ; and Lord Mel-
bourne, ii. 89, 120, 244
Griffiths, T., lectures on physics to
Princess Victoria, i. 89
INDEX
345
Grimston, Lady Mary (afterwards
Lady Folkestone and Countess of
Radnor), a drawing-room, i. 189 ;
State ball, i. 319 ; train-bearer at
Coronation ceremony and wedding
procession, i. 357, ii. 319 ; her
beauty, i. 360, 375 ; one of the
Queen's ladies, ii. 278
Grisi, Signora Giulia, the famous
opera singer : Princess Victoria's
appreciation of, i. 91, 114, 157,
169, 186, 187, ii. 221 ; account
of, i. 93 ; as Anna Boulena, i. 93 ;
in Otello, i. 94, 111, 112; in
L'Assiedo di Corrinto, i. 97, 115 ;
description of, i. 114, 121 ; song
from Donna del Lago, i. 115 ; in
/ Puritani, i. 115, 116, 121, 122,
186, 187, 372; her triumph, i.
133, 134 ; compared with Malibran,
i. 157, 169 ; in Lucrezia Borgia, ii.
203 ; in Norma, ii. 221
Grosvenor, Sir Gilbert le, statue of, i. 51
Sir Robert le, statue of, i. 61
Robert, second Earl, see West-
minster, Marquess of
Richard, Lord (son of above),
Princess Victoria visits Eaton
Hall, i. 49
Lady (wife of above), i. 49 ;
her children, i. 60
Lord Robert (third son of the
second Earl, afterwards Lord
Ebury), i. 50 ; Lady Westminster's
ball, ii. 211
Lady Elinor (afterwards Duchess
of Northumberland) , i. 51
Sir Thomas, third Baronet, M.P.
for Chester, i. 51
Guerinot, Monsieur Theodore, his
dancing, i. 65, 66, 94
Guido, his pictures in the British
Gallery, i. 162
Guilford, Frederick, second Earl of,
see North, Lord
third Earl of (son of above),
i. 395
Ouillaume Tell, see Rossini
Guizot, M., UHistoire de la Revolu-
tion d'Angleterre, i. 396, ii. 10, 44,
83, 256, 315 ; and M. Thiers, ii.
99, 100
n 28*
Gunning, John, and his pretty
daughters, i. 378
Gwynne, Nell, the actress, Lord
Melbourne on, ii. 10, 11, 77, 84
HADDINQTON, LORD, and Canning, ii.
261
Haddon Hall, Princess Victoria's
visit to, i. 55
Halford, Sir Henry, physician to
George III., George IV., and Wil-
liam IV., ii. 102
Halifax, Viscount, see Wood
Hallam's Constitutional History of Eng-
land, ii. 50, 257, 274, 284, 289, 300
Hamilton, James, sixth Duke of, i
370
Duchess of (widow of above,
afterwards Duchess of Argyll), i.
215, ii. 274
- Alexander, tenth Duke of, i. 321
Lady Anne, Lady-in-Waiting to
Queen Caroline, and The Secret
History of the Court, ii. 395
Lady Elizabeth (daughter of
sixth Duke), i. 370
Mrs. (formerly Margaret Dillon),
ii. 283
Hamlet, see Shakespeare
Hampton Court, William III.'s
death, ii. 240
Handel's Messiah, Princess Victoria's
opinion of, i. 133 ; George III.'s
love for Handel, ii. 229
Hanover, King of, i. 252 ; and Duke
of Sussex, i. 314 ; the Queen's
letters to, i. 320, 332 ; claim to
the Crown jewels, ii. 33
Prince George of, account of, i.
332
Harcourt, Edward Vernon, Arch-
bishop of York, Princess Victoria's
visit to Bishopthorpe, i. 25, 131-
135 ; account of, i. 131, ii. 130 ;
dinner parties, i. 145, 158
Miss (daughter of above), i.
134 ; a dinner party, i. 145
George Granville, M.P. for
Yorkshire (eldest son of above),
account of, i. 132 ; at Bishop-
thorpe, i. 132, 136 ; Lord Mel-
346
INDEX
bourne on, ii. 70 ; the State ball,
u. 188
Harcourt, Lady Elizabeth (wife of
above, daughter of second Earl of
Lucan), i. 132 ; the State ball, ii. 188
Miss Georgiana (daughter of the
above), at Bishop thorpe, i. 132,
135
Rev. Charles, Canon of Carlisle,
i. 132, 135
Egerton, i. 135
Colonel Francis, at Bishop -
thorpe, i. 132, 135 ; the Queen's
Proclamation, i. 199
Rev. William, Canon of York,
at Bishopthorpe, i. 132, 135
Mrs. (wife of above), i. 135
Hardinge, Sir Henry, and the Queen,
ii. 162 ; proposed Cabinet, ii. 169
Hardwioke, fourth Earl of, see
Yorke, Captain
Countess of (wife of above), i.
279
Hardy, Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas,
Captain of the Victory at Tra-
falgar, on the Promotion Com-
mission, i. 296 ; account of, i. 296
Harewood, Earl of, and Mrs. Somer-
ville, ii. 85
Hargood, Admiral Sir Wm., Com-
mander of the Belleisle, at Tra-
falgar, Princess Victoria's visit to
Plymouth, i. 84, 85
Harrington, Countess of (wife of
fourth Earl), i. 256
Harrow School, i. 171 ; Lord Pal-
merston at, ii. 31
Hartington, Marquess of (afterwards
eighth Duke of Devonshire), ii. 77
Harvey, Rev., his sermon, i. 171
Hastings, Princess Victoria's visit to,
i. 102
Hastings, Warren, his trial, ii. 389
Mrs. (wife of above), and Queen
Charlotte, ii. 389
Lady Flora (daughter of first
Marquess), Lady of the Bed-
chamber to Duchess of Kent, at
Windsor Castle, i. 97-99, 112, 113,
151-153, 159, 203, 221 ; a carriage
accident, i. 103 ; and Princess
Victoria, i. 104-106, 109, 128, 141 ;
goes to the opera, i. Ill, 372 ; a
birthday present, i. 118 ; Eton
Montem, i. 119, 342; Princess
Victoria's Confirmation and First
Communion, i. 124, 126, 127;
returns home, i. 129, 130 ; arrival
of King and Queen of the Belgians,
i. 136 ; dinner with the Archbishop
of York, i. 158 ; visits the Victoria
Asylum, i. 162 ; ball at St. James's,
i. 190 ; a drawing-room, i. 192 ;
the Proclamation, i. 199 ; Chapter
of the Garter, i. 214 ; a ride, i.
328; review in Hyde Park, i.
365; the "incident," ii. 88;
account of her father, ii. 202
Hatchard, bookseller, i. 117
Hawtrey, Dr., Headmaster of Eton,
account of, i. 119 ; Princess
Victoria's visits to Eton Montem,
i. 119, 343 ; education at Eton,
i. 347
Hay, Sir John Williams, see Williams,
Sir John
Rear- Admiral Lord John, ac-
count of, ii. 12
Lady Elizabeth, marriage to
Lord Douro, ii. 122
Lady Ida, train-bearer at the
Queen's wedding, ii. 319
Hayimes, Nicolini, the singer, ii. 229
Hayter, Mr. (afterwards Sir George),
Painter in Ordinary to the Queen,
i. 64 ; Princess Victoria's sittings
to, i. 64, 242 ; Somerset House
Exhibition, i. 71 ; a present, i.
117 ; drawing of the Duchess of
Kent and Princess Victoria, i. 144 ;
portrait of Lord Melbourne, i.
316, ii. 311 ; picture of the
Coronation, i. 368, 386
Headfort, Marquess of, at the play,
i. 265, 271 ; rides with the Queen,
i. 328, ii. 155, 228 ; at the opera,
i. 372 ; great hurricane at Head-
fort, ii. 126
Heath, Dr., Headmaster of Eton
College, i. 344, ii. 81
Heath's Picturesque Annual for 1837,
Ireland, i. 180
Heber, Bishop, ii. 187
Henry II., Life of, ii. 42
INDEX
347
Henry IV., i. 105, 261, ii. 56
Henry V., Lord Melbourne on, ii. 56 ;
the play, ii. 217, 218
Henry VI., the play, i. 270
Henry VII., Lord Melbourne on,
i. 267 ; his descendants, ii. 50
Henry VIII., England under, i. 1 ;
Lord Melbourne on, i. 267, ii.
158 ; and his wives, ii. 218 ; and
prorogation of Parliament, ii. 240
Herat, siege of, ii. 63, 146
Herbert, Lady Emma (afterwards
Viscountess de Vesci), i. 77
Lady Georgiana (afterwards
Marchioness of Lansdowne), i. 77
Hereford, palace at, ii. 133
Herschel, Sir J., the astronomer, ii.
57
Hertford, third Marquess of, i. 310,
311 ; portrayed in Vanity Fair and
Coningsby, ii. 187
Marchioness of (Mme. Fag-
niani, wife of above), i. 311 ; and
George III., i. 315
fourth Marquess of, see Yar-
mouth, Lord
Hesse-Homburg, Landgravine of, see
Elizabeth, Princess
Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeldt, Prince
Ernest, i. 145 ; at Windsor Castle,
i. 151, 204, 221
Prince Gustav, i. 204
Higgins, Sir Samuel, i. 146
Hill, Rowland, first Viscount, Com-
mander-in-Chief, i. 69 ; at Ply-
mouth, i. 85; a dinner party, i.
146 ; audience with the Queen, i.
199, 200, 210 ; a review at
Windsor, i. 226 ; the Promotion
Commission, i. 296 ; Reviews in
Hyde Park, i. 365; ii. 23, 24;
Lord Melbourne on, ii. 71, 72 ;
and Lord Howick, ii. 241 ; cen-
sures Colonel Thomas, ii. 276
Sir Rowland, originator of the
Penny Postage, ii. 291
Captain, Aide-de-Camp to Lord
Hill, i. 85, ii. 23
Hilton, William, R.A., Somerset
House Exhibition, i. 71
Histoire de la Revolution de VAngle-
terre, by Guizot, ii, 10
Historical Doubts, by Horace Wai-
pole, i. 273
Hobbes, Thomas, tutor to second Earl
of Devonshire, i. 305
Hobhouse, Sir John (afterwards Lord
Broughton), President of the Board
of Control, i. 214 ; his Reminis-
cences, i. 225 ; and the Army, i.
252 ; the ballot question, i. 273,
282 ; Lord Melbourne on, i.
282, ii. 258 ; a Council meeting,
ii. 44 ; and Persia, ii. 47 ; Judicial
appointments, ii. 90 ; and the
Household appointments, ii. 174,
176 ; and Lord John Russell, ii.
200 ; Assam tea, ii. 304
Hoggier, Baron de, i. 159
Hogvorst, Mme. de, ii. 25
Hohenlohe - Langenburg, Ernest,
Prince of, arrival in England, i.
95, 96 ; the opera, i. 97 ; Ascot
Races, i. 98, 99 ; and Princess
Victoria, i. 191, 195, 198
Feodorowna, Princess of (wife
of above, afterwards Duchess of
Schleswig-Holstein), marriage, i.
16, 27 ; birthday letters, i. 75, 116 ;
arrival in England, i. 95-97 ;
Ascot Races, i. 98-100 ; her
happiness, i. 256 ; present at the
Queen's Coronation, i. 356, 361-
364 ; Review in Hyde Park, i.
365; the Queen on, i. 366, 367;
the opera, i. 372 ; a reception, i.
374
Charles (son of above), arrival
in England, i. 95 ; Princess
Victoria on, i. 97
Eliza, i. 95, 97
Holland and Belgium, i. 380, 384,
387, ii. 48 ; King Leopold's
proposition, ii. 78 ; probable hos-
tilities, ii. 119
Holland, King of, King Leopold's
proposition, ii. 78 ; and England,
i. 194
Holland, first Lord, see Fox, Henry
Lord (nephew of above), and
the Queen, i. 229; at Eton, i.
279, ii. 70 ; Lord Melbourne on,
i. 281, 344, ii. 8, 70, 74, 256;
and Mrs. JTitzherbert's marriage
348
INDEX
i. 315 ; Landseer's picture, i. 316 ;
on singing of birds, i. 324 ; his
portrait at Eton, i. 343 ; a re-
ception, i. 375 ; anecdotes, ii. 67,
68 ; the Richmond properties, ii.
77 ; French politics, ii. 99, 144 ;
Household appointments dispute,
ii. 174 ; and Cabinet secrets, ii.
221 ; likeness to his uncle, ii. 239 ;
his picture, ii. 244 ; his purchase
at Calais, ii. 259
Holland, Lady (formerly Lady Web-
ster, known as " Old Madagascar "),
i. 5 ; receives Princess Victoria at
Battle Abbey, i. 101 ; elopes with
Lord Holland, i. 101 ; Lord Mel-
bourne on, i. 281, 300, 301, 339,
ii. 30, 68, 85, 221, 264, 295 ; and
Lady Augusta Fox, i. 315 ; afraid
of thunderstorms, i. 337 ; and
Senfft, i. 394 ; and Pozzo, i.
396 ; in Paris, ii. 25 ; an amusing
letter, ii. 30 ; her religion, ii. 34 ;
and scented handkerchiefs, ii. 62 ;
and Monterond, ii. 66 ; anecdote of,
ii. 68 ; and the Fox family, ii.
74 ; her amusing journey to
Bowood, ii. 79 ; her curiosity, ii.
85 ; not allowed at Court, ii. 99 ;
and George IV., ii. 99, 100;
portrait of, ii. 244, 245 ; and the
Queen's engagement, ii. 269
Holland House, i. 300 ; built by Sir
Walter Cope, i. 306 ; picture of,
ii. 244
Hook, Dr., i. 394
Hope, Sir James Archibald, the
Queen's satisfaction with the re-
view, ii. 24
Hope-Johnstone, Miss Mary, mar-
riage, ii. 314
Hoppner, John, the painter, Lord
Melbourne, i. 344, ii. 82
Horace, read by the Queen, ii. 51
Horton, Miss P., in King Lear, ii. 121
Household appointments, i. 202 ;
dispute as to, ii. 165 et seq.
Howard, Charles, ii. 228
Lady Elizabeth, train-bearer
at the Queen's wedding, ii. 319
Lady Fanny, at the State ball,
ii. 188
Holland, Lady Mary, train-bearer at
the Queen's wedding, ii. 319
Henry, Professor of Painting
to the Academy, i. 71
James Kenneth (afterwards
Commissioner of Woods and
Forests), ii. 79
Howe, Richard William Penn,
first Earl, Chamberlain to Queen
Adelaide, at Windsor Castle, i.
113, 120; and the Ministry, i.
289, ii. 181 ; his family, ii. 70
Mr. (afterwards Sir William), ii.
70
Mrs., ii. 70
Ho wick, Viscount (afterwards third
Earl Grey), Secretary at War and
Colonial Secretary, audience with
the Queen, i. 200, ii. 254, 255 ;
Canadian affairs, i. 252, 260, 263,
264, ii. 94 ; and the Army, i.
254, 255, 259, 387 ; the Pro-
motion Commission, i. 296 ; Corn
Laws, ii. 105 ; the Jamaican
trouble, ii. 108, 109; Lord Mel-
bourne on, ii. 109, 112, 254 ;
resignation, ii. 110, 118, 241-244,
254, 255 ; and Lord John Russell,
ii. Ill, 113, 195-198; and the
Household appointments, ii. 174,
176 ; and Extension of Voting
Bill, ii. 195-201
Howley, Archbp. of Canterbury, i.
25 ; account of, i. 68 ; confirms
Princess Victoria, i. 107, 125-127 ;
announces to the Princess her
succession as Queen, i. 183, 196 ;
audience with the Queen, i. 198,
200 ; on Indian worship, i. 299 ;
the Coronation ceremony, i. 359-
361 ; his age, ii. 133
Hudson, Miss, at Windsor, i. 113 ;
EtonMontem, i. 119
Hume, David, History of England, i.
187, 263
Joseph, anecdote of, ii. 17 ;
Prince Albert's allowance, ii. 301
Hunt, Henry, the agitator, attack
on William Peel, i. 243, 244
Huntingdon, twelfth Earl of, ii. 269
Huntly, Marchioness of, see Aboyne.
Lady
INDEX
349
Hutchinson, Life of Colonel, by his
wife, i. 172, 263, 395
Hyde, Anne, her royal marriage, i.
391, ii. 44 ; her looks, ii. 54
Park, reviews in, i. 365, ii.
23,24; building in, ii. 231
IBRAHIM, PASHA, ii. 258
Ikon Basilike, i. 161
Ilchester, third Earl of, i. 94 ; the
opera, i. 186
Imprisonment for Debt Bill, i. 241
India Bill, ii. 6-8
Inglis, Sir Robert, M.P. for Oxford
University, i. 389
Innkeeper's Daughter, The, i. 88
Ireland, Municipal Corporation Bill,
i. 185, 241, 269, 282, 328 ; Poor
Law Bill, i. 274, 315, 323 ; Church
of, i. 319-321 ; Tithe Bill, i. 324,
327, 328, 366 ; legal appoint-
ments, i. 349 ; question of Duke
of Sussex as Viceroy, ii. 60, 61 ;
Select Committee for, ii. 88, 131,
134, 135 ; administration of
criminal law in, ii. 226-228 ;
Bank of Ireland Bill, ii. 235
Ireland, by O'Driscol, i. 263
Irving, Washington, Tales of the
Alhambra, i. 131, 132
Isabella of Spain, Queen, i. 87, 167
Isabelle, Ste., Order of, presented
to Princess Victoria, i. 153
" Islay," a Scotch terrier pet of the
Queen's, ii. 129, 138, 257/ 278,
280, 292
Ivanhoe, i. 5
Ivanhoff, M., singer, in Anna Boulena,
i. 93; in Otello, i. 94, 111 ; in
L'Assiedo di Corrinto, i. 97 ; a
concert, i. 114, 115
JACKSON, SIR RICHARD, i. 85
Jamaica, slavery in, i. 294 ; the
Bill, ii. 108, 142, 159
James I., his Coronation, i. 361 ; and
his son's marriage, ii. 44 ; his
looks, ii. 54
James II., anecdote of, i. 313 ; and
Anne Hyde, ii. 44 ; his looks, ii. 54
Jenkinson, Lady Catherine (after-
wards wife of Colonel Francis Har-
court), i. 46 ; dinner to William IV.,
i. 69 ; Somerset House Exhibition,
i. 70 ; birthday presents to Prin-
cess Victoria, i. 76, 118 ; birthday
ball, i. 77 ; sails to Portsmouth,
i. 86 ; Eton Montem, i. 119 ;
Virginia Water, i. 120 ; illness,
i. 166 ; at Ramsgate, i. 171 ; a
drawing-room, i. 192 ; at work,
i. 202 ; hears Thalberg the pianist,
i. 216
Lady Louisa (afterwards wife
of Mr. John Cotes), i. 58, 357
Lady Selina (afterwards Lady
Milton), i. 57, 58
Jersey, fourth Earl of, i. 330
Countess of (wife of above), i.
315, 330
fifth Earl of, see Villiers
Joan of Arc, Lord Melbourne on, i.
242, ii. 93
Jocelyn, Lord, at a State ball, i. 318
Lady (wife of above), see
Cowper, Lady Fanny
John, Archduke, i. 255, 386
Johnson, Dr., and King Lear, i.
270 ; his poetry, i. 379 ; Bos-
well's Life of, i. 185
Johnston, Miss Hope, at Ascot
Races, i. 99, 100
Johnstone, Sir John, at Bishop-
thorpe, i. 132
Lady (wife of above), i. 132
Joinville, Prince de, i. 394
Jonathan Wild, ii. 145
Jones. Rev. W., i. 48, 49
Jonkowski, M., State dinner at
Windsor, ii. 187
Jonson, Ben, his plays, ii. 122
Jordan, Mrs., and William IV., i.
12, 391, ii. 84, 90 ; her statue, ii.
101 ; her brother, ii. 102
Josephine, Les Memoir es de Vlm-
peratrice, by Mlle.le Normand, i. 194
Joy, Chief Baron of Ireland, death,
i. 349
Judicial appointments, Irish, i. 349 ;
English, ii. 90
Junius, Letters of, supposed author of.
ii. 42, 67
850
INDEX
KABUL, murder of Captain Burnes
and Macnaghten at, ii. 146
Kandahar, ruler of, ii. 146 ; our
Army's journey to, ii. 179
Karoly, Count, at Chatsworth, i.
53, 56
Kauffman, Angelica, picture by, i.
59
Kaveline, General, State dinner at
Windsor, ii. 187
Kay, Dr. (afterwards Sir J. Kay
Shuttle worth), on treating the
poor, ii. 209
Kean, Charles, ii. 5 ; in Hamlet, ii.
265 ; in Richard III., ii. 271-273
Keate, Dr., Headmaster of Eton,
Lord Melbourne on, i. 393, ii. 81
Keats, John, Endymion, i. 6
Kelly, Miss Frances Maria, in The
Innkeeper's Daughter, i. 88
Kemble, Charles, in The Separation,
i. 146 ; Princess Victoria's opinion
of, i. 147 ; a drawing of, i. 186
Miss Fanny, see Butler, Mrs.
John, i. 148, ii. 141
Kendal, Earl of, see Denmark,
Prince George of
Kenilworth, by Sir Walter Scott,
as a ballet, i. 65 ; one of his best
novels, i. 260
Kenney, James, a successful dra-
matist, i. 395
Kensington Palace, the residence of
Princess Victoria, i. 17, 61, 110,
130 ; George V.'s desire to make
it the Sovereign's residence, i. 36,
37 ; changes at, i. 142 ; sentiment
for, i. 210, 211
Kent, Duke of, father of Queen
Victoria, i. 3, 16 ; his debts, i. 17
- Duchess of (wife of above) :
birth of Princess Victoria, i 3 ;
William IV. 's dislike to, i. 13,
26, 27 ; her two marriages, i.
16, 17 ; the upbringing of Princess
Victoria, i. 17-21 ; at Meridon, i.
44 ; Powis Castle, i. 45 ; visit to
Carnarvon, i. 46 ; at Baron Hill,
i. 47 ; at Plas Newydd, i. 48 ;
visit to Eaton Hall, i. 50, 51 ; at
Chatsworth, i. 52-57 ; at Wytham
and Oxford, i. 59, 60 ; back at
Kensington, i. 61, 66 ; Christmas
and birthday presents to, i. 62, 75,
116, 117, 180, ii. 317 ; operas and
theatres, i. 64, 65, 67, 93, 97, 121,
372 ; gives a dinner to William IV.,
i. 68, 69 ; and the Duke of Orleans,
i. 72 ; journey to Portsmouth, i.
80 ; at Norris Castle, i. 81 ; death
of the Duke of Wurtemberg, i. 82 ;
accident to the Emerald, i. 84 ;
receives an address at Plymouth,
i. 85 ; visits the Queen of Portugal,
i. 86 ; Ascot Races, i. 99 ; a
carriage accident, i. 103 ; Eton
Montem, i. 119, 342 ; Virginia
Water, i. 120 ; death of the
Countess of Mensdorff, i. 122 ;
Princess Victoria's Confirmation,
i. 124-127 ; a paroquet, i. 129 ;
receives an address at Canter-
bury, i. 135 ; at Ramsgate, i.
135-142 ; arrival of King and
Queen of the Belgians, i. 136 ;
changes at Kensington Palace, i.
142 ; State ball at Windsor, i.
150, 151 ; Christmas at Clare-
mont, i. 179, 180 ; a gipsy en-
campment, i. 181 ; and Lablache,
i. 188 ; an address from Lincoln,
i. 189 ; ball at St. James's, i. 191 ;
a drawing-room, i. 192 ; City of
London address, i. 193 ; William
I V.'s death, i. 196 ; the Procla-
mation, i. 199 ; Windsor Castle,
i. 203, 221 et seq., 247, ii. 234,
264, 291 ; William IV. 's funeral,
i. 208 ; procession in state, i.
209 ; Buckingham Palace, i. 211 ;
Chapter of the Garter, i. 214, 215 ;
trying horses, i. 220 ; riding, i.
222, 223, 328, ii. 24, 25 ; Review
at Windsor, i. 226, 227 ; Queen
Adelaide, i. 228 ; the question of
the Queen's marriage, i. 290 ; a
State ball, i. 318 ; the Queen's
Coronation, i. 356 et seq. ; reviews
in Hyde Park, i. 365, ii. 24 ; a
reception, i. 374-376 ; and King
Leopold, ii. 4 ; and Lord Mel-
bourne, ii. 179 ; Royal houses, ii.
235 ; arrival of King Leopold, ii.
248 ; Christmas service, ii. 285 ;
INDEX
851
the opening of Parliament, ii. 296 ;
the Queen's wedding, ii. 318-321
Kenyon, George, second Lord, ii. 180
Keppel, General William, Comman-
der-in-Chief in Ireland, anecdote
of, ii. 80
Major (afterwards sixth Earl
of Albemarle), Groom-in-Waiting
to the Queen, ii. 5, 120
Kerry, Countess of, and Lord Shel-
burne's marriage, i. 373
Kidderminster, address from, i. 193
King, Lord, created Earl of Lovelace
and Viscount Ockham, i. 353, 355
King John performed at Drury Lane,
i. 88
Kinglake, Alexander William, his-
torian, his description of Dr. Keate
in Eothen, ii. 81
King Lear, performances of, i. 256,
269, ii. 121
Kinnaird, Lord, at Glasgow Uni-
versity, ii. 41 ; a Christmas
service, ii. 285
Kintore, Earl of, Coronation honours,
i. 353
Kleber, General Jean-Baptiste, com-
pared with Napoleon, i. 396
Knighton, Sir William, Physician and
Private Secretary to George IV.,
his memoirs by his wife, i. 308
Knowles, Sheridan, his plays, ii. 104
Knox, John, and Mary, Queen of
Scots, i. 306
Kokun Dil Khan, ruler of Candahar,
ii. 146
Kolowrat, Count, i. 158, 159, 161
Kdniginnen, by Raumer, i. 185
LABLAOHE, Lmoi, a celebrated come-
dian and bass singer, Princess
Victoria's singing-master, i. 27, 133,
156, 164-166, 190; in Otello, i.
Ill ; a concert, i. 114, 115, 116 ;
account of, i. 114 ; in / Puritani, i.
121, 122, 186, 187, 372; in the
Messiah, i. 133 ; Princess Vic-
toria's opinion of, i. 156, 165, 166 ;
and Don Giovanni, i. 338
Lade, Sir John, i. 287
Lady of Lyons, The, play by Mr.
Bulwer, i. 292
Lafayette, death of, i. 91 ; auto-
graph of, i. 105
Lafontaine's French fables, ii. 92
Lamb, Lady Caroline (Lady Caroline
Ponsonby), her eccentric char-
acter, i. 250, 251, 284 ; visit to
Brussels, i. 310 ; King Leopold
on, ii. 12 ; Lady Lyttelton on, ii.
64
Sir Frederick (Lord Melbourne's
brother, afterwards Lord Beauvale
and third Viscount Melbourne),
Ambassador Extraordinary at
Vienna, account of, i. 253, 255 ;
at Eton College, ii. 39 ; portrait
of, ii. 82 ; the Beauvale Peerage,
ii. 139 ; and his sister's intended
marriage, ii. 260, 266
George (Lord Melbourne's
brother), at Eton College, ii. 39 ;
portrait of Lord Melbourne, ii. 82
Lamb, Matthew (afterwards a
Baronet), ii. 69, 322, 323
Peniston, conveyancer, bequeaths
his fortune to his nephew Matthew
(above), ii. 69, 322, 323
Peniston, first Viscount (father
of Lord Melbourne), ii. 69, 322, 323
Peniston (son of above), i.
246, 350, ii. 322
Robert, Dean and afterwards
Bishop of Peterborough, ii. 69, 322,
323
William, see Melbourne, second
Viscount
Lambeth Palace, ii. 133
Lambton, John George, see Durham,
Earl of
Lady Mary (afterwards wife
of eighth Earl of Elgin, Viceroy
of India), i. 337, ii. 278
Lancaster, Duchy of, origin of the
dog in the arms of the seal of,
i. 316
Landseer, Sir Edwin, Somerset
House Exhibition, i. 71 ; his
pictures, i. 238, 241, 242, 267, 316 ;
and Daniel Maclise, i. 315, 316
Lane, Richard James, his portraits,
i. 755-187
Langdale, Lord, see Bickersteth
Langford, Dr., Lord Melbourne's
852
INDEX
tutor, i. 344, ii. 81 ; Lord Mel-
bourne's portrait, ii. 82
Lansdowne, third Marquess of,
Lord President, refused twice to
be Prime Minister, i. 72 ; the
Queen's Proclamation, i. 199 ;
audience with the Queen, i. 210,
ii. 44, 45 ; at Windsor Castle, i.
223 ; and Lord Palmerston, i. 267 ;
the Canada Bill, i. 277 ; and his
son's marriage, i. 373 ; at Edin-
burgh University, ii. 41 ; minis-
terial rearrangement, ii. 112 ;
Government defeat, ii. 134 ; and
the Household appointments dis-
pute, ii. 173
Marchioness of (wife of above),
Lady of the Bedchamber to the
Queen, i. 72, 202, 205, 211, 212,
375 ; State visits to the House
of Lords, i. 217, 237 ; Coronation
ceremony, i. 355, 356
fourth Marquess, see Shelburne,
Lord
Laporte, M., manager of the opera,
i. 67 ; his benefit nights, i. 80, 97
Lascelles, Right Hon. Wm., M.P.,
at Chatsworth, i. 53, 56
Lady Caroline (wife of above),
at Chatsworth, i. 63, 56 ; and
Princess Victoria, i. 79
Miss Georgiana (afterwards Mrs.
Grenfell), takes part in the Chats-
worth theatricals, i. 56 ; visit to
Princess Victoria, i. 79
Lauderdale, eighth Earl of, and
Lord Melbourne, ii. 41
Laure, Mile., i. 284
Laurence, Dr., and the Annual
Register, i. 262
Lauriston, Colonel, Aide-de-Camp
to Napoleon, his wonderful recep-
tion in England, i. 366
Lavradio, Count, i. 144
Law, Mr., Recorder of London, City
of London address to the Queen,
i. 193
Lawrence, Sir Thomas, historical
portraits, i. 7 ; in the British
Gallery, i. 79 ; " my most danger-
ous rival," Hoppner, ii. 82 ; an
early sketch by, ii. 132
Leader, Mr., and the reported
accident to Lord Brougham, ii. 271
Lebrun, M., third Consul in Consti-
tution of 1799, ii. 8
Leczinska, Marie, autograph of, i. 106
Lee, George, a pensioner of George
IV. 's, i. 287
Miss, in Old Mother Hulbard
and her Dog, i. 90
Leeds, seventh Duke of, see Car-
marthen
Legge, Lady Caroline, i. 146
Lehzen, Baroness, governess to Prin-
cess Victoria, her deep affection for,
i. 27, 28, 32, 175, 198, ii. 160, 186 ;
account of, i. 48 ; visit to Eaton
Hall, i. 51 ; at Alton Towers, i. 57 ;
a hunting episode, i. 58 ; presents,
i. 62, 75, 116, 180, ii. 318 ; operas
and theatres, i. 65, 70, 74, 93,
94, 97, 111, 121, 148, 236 ; riding,
i. 66, 67, 219, 293, 328, ii. 13 ; a
birthday ball, i. 77 ; visits ex-
hibitions of pictures, i. 79, 162 ;
journey to Portsmouth and Ply-
mouth, i. 80-86 ; a lecture on
physics, i. 89 ; visit to Windsor,
i. 98 ; Ascot Races, i. 100 ; a
carriage accident, i. 103, 104 ;
Windsor Castle, i. 112, 151-153,
221, 247 ; Virginia Water, i. 120 ;
confirmation of Princess Victoria,
i. 124-128 ; arrival of King and
Queen of the Belgians, i. 136-138 ;
episode at Ramsgate, i. 141 ; how
she tells Princess Victoria that she
will be Queen, i. 160 ; a stormy
journey, i. 177, 178 ; Christmas at
Claremont, i. 179 ; ball at St.
James's, i. 190 ; a drawing-room,
i. 192; William IV.'s death, i.
196 ; goes to Buckingham Palace,
i. 211 ; and Lord Melbourne, i.
231, ii. 144 ; the Queen's speech,
i. 238 ; the Queen as a child, i.
280 ; the Coronation ceremony, i.
359 ; a review, ii. 24 ; questions
of Royal marriages, ii. 43
Leibnitz, Baron, the German philo-
sopher, i. 306, 306, ii. 110
Leicester, Earl of, Princess Victoria's
visit to, i. 25
INDEX
853
Leicester, second Earl of, see Coke
Leiningen-Dachburg-Hadenburg,
Prince of, Duchess of Kent's first
husband, i. 16
Prince Charles (son of above),
i. 16 ; a sea-officer, i. 27 ; a
birthday ball, i. 77 ; the opera,
i. 79, 96, 97, 186 ; journey to
Portsmouth, i. 80 ; his looks, i.
95 ; presents, i. 117 ; Eton
Montem, i. 119 ; Virginia Water,
i. 120 ; at Windsor Castle,
i. 151-153, 168, 159, 203; his
departure, i. 161 ; his wife, i.
189 ; attends funeral of Wil-
liam IV., i. 208 ; procession in
state, i. 209 ; receives the Order
of the Garter, i. 214, 215 ; Corona-
tion Day, i. 356, 362
Feodorowna (sister of above),
see Hohenlohe, Princess of
Leinster, Duchess of, her beauty, ii.
77
Lennox, Lord Fitzroy, i. 78
Lady Caroline, train-bearer at
the Queen's Coronation, i. 357 ;
her beauty, ii. 77 ; at the Queen's
wedding, ii. 278, 319
Lady Sarah, and George III.,
i. 377, ii. 277 ; her marriages, i.
377, 378; and Mr. Fox, ii. 7,
277 ; Life and Letters of, by Lady
Ilchester and Lord Stavordale, ii.
7 ; her beauty, ii. 77 ; train-
bearer to Queen Charlotte, ii. 274
Leopold, King of the Belgians,
assists the Duchess of Kent, i. 17 ;
preparing Princess Victoria for the
Throne, i. 29, 32, 107, 140, 154,
155 ; his wedding day, i. 46 ;
some autographs, i. 105, 107 ;
presents to Princess Victoria, i.
106, 180 ; arrival at Ramsgate, i.
135, 136 ; a party, i. 137 ; his
views on Princess Victoria's mar-
riage, i. 140, 290, 291, ii. 88, 153,
193, 207, 246 ; and the Queen of
Portugal, i. 144 ; his Directions
and Advices, i. 154, 155 ; Belgium's
debt to, i. 156 ; trouble in Portu-
gal, i. 167 ; Princess Victoria's
appreciation of, i. J38, 224, 26,
229 ; Louis Napoleon at Stras-
burg, i. 176 ; Baron Stockmar, i.
193 ; arrives at Windsor Castle,
i. 223 ; question as to his presence
at the Queen's Coronation, i. 291 ;
and Prince Ferdinand, i. 297 ; and
Lord Melbourne, i. 310, ii. 29 ;
his position, i. 344, 345 ; Belgium
and Holland, i. 384, 388 ; and the
Duchess of Kent, ii. 4 ; and Duke
of Wellington, ii. 11, 241 ; ques-
tions of alliance, ii. 22, 23 ; a
review, ii. 23, 24 ; the French
in Algiers, ii. 25 ; a joke, ii. 30 ;
and Luxembourg, ii. 36, 46, 78 ;
troubles in Belgium, ii. 46, 48,
76, 151 ; etiquette at dinners in
Brussels, ii. 53 ; and Princess
Charlotte, ii. 103, 279, 290;
annoyed with the British Govern-
ment, ii. 151, 164 ; and the visit
of the King of the French to
England, ii. 232, 238 ; visit to
England, ii. 248-251 ; the Queen's
engagement to Prince Albert, ii.
269 ; the Peerage question, ii.
276 ; Royal marriage precedents,
ii. 279 ; illness, ii. 293 ; on char-
acter, ii. 296 ; Prince Albert's
allowance, ii. 301
"Leopold," a favourite horse, i. 226,
227, ii. 23-25
Leroux, Mile. Pauline in Kenilworth,
i. 65 ; in La Sonnambula, i. 67
Leslie, Charles Robert, painter, ii.
96 ; Holland House, ii. 244
Leuchtenberg, Augustus, Duke of,
his marriage, i. 86 ; death, i. 110
Maximilian, Duke of, marriage,
ii. 214
Leveson, Lord (afterwards Lord
Granville and Foreign Secretary),
i. 60, 281 ; a State ball, i. 332 ;
Virginia Water, ii. 234
Lady Elizabeth (afterwards
Duchess of Argyll), ii. 213
Lady Evelyn (afterwards Lady
Blantyre), ii. 213
Lady Constance (afterwards
Duchess of Westminster), ii. 213
Lord Frederick, ii. 213
Lewis, Matthew Gregory ("Monk
354
INDEX
Lewis"), an intimate associate of
Byron, Ambrosio or the Monk, ii. 84
Lichfield, first Earl of and second
Viscount Anson, i. 73
Countess of (wife of above),
Hayter's picture of, i. 71
Lichtenstein, Prince Equerry to the
Queen, Review at Windsor, i. 226,
227
Lieven, Prince de, Russian Ambassa-
dor in London, i. 77
Princess de (wife of above), i.
77 ; leaves London, i. 91 ; her
impression of the Queen, i. 249 ;
Russian etiquette as to Royal
portraits, ii. 91
Prince George de (son of above),
a birthday ball, i. 77
Baron, visits England, ii. 157 ;
State dinner at Windsor, ii. 187
Mme. de, on Francis I., ii. 196
Ligne, Prince de, i. 349
Ligonier, first Earl, a celebrated
soldier, ii. 78
Lilford, third Lord, visits Eton Mon-
tem, i. 342 ; a long ride with the
Queen, i. 372 ; and Lord Mel-
bourne, ii. 306
Lady (wife of above), i. 281, 300
Lincoln, address from, i. 189
Bishop of, his report on Prin-
cess Victoria's education, i. 18
Earl of, afterwards fifth Duke
of Newcastle, i. 145
Countess of (wife of above), i.
145 ; Princess Victoria's opinion
of, i. 146
Lindsay, Lady Charlotte, i. 392 ;
at the trial of Queen Caroline, i.
395
Lingard, Dr., on Henry VIII., ii. 168
Linley, Miss (afterwards Mrs. Brins-
ley Sheridan), lovely portrait of
her by Gainsborough, i. 371 ; her
death, ii. 151
Lion taming, show by Van Amburgh,
ii. 105, 106
Lisle, Lady de, see Sidney, Lady
Sophia
Lismore, Viscount, Coronation hon-
our, i. 353
litany service at Coronations, i. 361
Liverpool, Earl of, i. 61, 69 ; dinner
parties, i. 130, 216 ; audience with
Princess Victoria, i. 194 ; the
Household difficulty, ii. 171
Lodge's " Portraits," i. 305 ; Peerage,
i. 340
Loftus, Lord, afterwards third Mar-
quess of Ely, i. 60
London, address from the City of, i.
193
Bishop of, see Blomfield, Dr.
Londonderry, third Marquess of, i.
323
Longley, Dr., Master of Harrow,
Princess Victoria's appreciation of
his sermon, i. 171, 172
Longueville,Mme. de, andGeorgelll.,
i. 287, 288
Lorton, Viscount, and the Catholic
Emancipation Bill, i. 239
Lothian, seventh Marquess of, and
Lady S. Lennox, i, 378
Louis XIV., ii. 17 ; and Prince of
Orange, ii. 62 ; his appetite, ii.
130 ; and William III., ii. 240
Louis XV., autograph of, i. 106
Louis XVIII. and George IV., ii. 74
Louis, Archduke, i. 386
Louis, an attached attendant to
Princess Victoria, presents from,
i. 62, 179; her death, i. 308,
331
Louis Philippe, King of the French :
Louis Napoleon at Strasburg, i.
176 ; the Duchesse de Broglie, i.
306 ; Lord Brougham's strange-
ness in Paris, i. 307 ; and Talley-
rand, i. 330 ; and the Queen, i.
364 ; Mexico and Buenos Ayres,
ii. 20 ; question of alliances, ii.
22, 23 ; the French in Algiers, ii.
25 ; and Spain, ii. 31 ; the French
stage, ii. 32 ; and Monterond, ii.
66 ; Belgian difficulties, ii. 76 ; and
his new Minister, ii. 88 ; politics,
ii. 99 ; and Thiers, ii. 143 ; and
Lord Palmerston, ii. 149, 232, 233 ;
and Russia, ii. 190, 252; his
proposed visit to England, ii. 238,
241, 246
Louise, Queen of the Belgians,
presents to Princess Victoria, i. 72,
INDEX
855
ii. 61 ; visits to England, i. 135,
136, 223-226, ii. 11, 246, 248 ; a
party, i. 137 ; Princess Victoria's
fondness for, i. 138, 143, 153, 158,
174, 206, 225, 226; and Prince
Ferdinand, i. 151 ; sketch of, i.
179 ; a runaway horse, i. 224 ;
and the Queen's Coronation, i.
291 ; review in Hyde Park, ii.
24 ; etiquette at Brussels, ii. 53
Louth, address from borough of, i. 192
Lovelace, Earl of, see King, Lord
Lucas, John Seymour, his portrait
of Lord Cowper, i. 316
Lucrezia Borgia, by Donizetti, ii. 203
Lumley, General Sir W., G.C.B.,
Aide-de-Camp to Duke of Wel-
lington, in Peninsular War, ii. 23
Lupus, Hugh, Earl of Chester, i. 61,
52
Lurgan, Lord, Lord Melbourne on, ii.
228
Luttrell, Mrs., marriage to Duke of
Cumberland, i. 390
Luxembourg, dispute as to, ii. 36,
46,78
Lymlhurst, Lord, Lord Chancellor,
dispute as to the Crown jewels, ii.
33 ; and Sir R. Peel, ii. 166, 169 ;
and the Queen, ii. 170, 208 ; the
Attorney-General on, ii. 238 ; and
the Declaration, ii. 281, 312
Lyons, Sir Edmund (afterwards first
Baron), Minister Plenipotentiary at
Athens, his despatches, i. 368
Lyttelton, George, first Lord, Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, ii. 42
Thomas, second Lord (" the
wicked Lord Lyttelton"), his
books, ii. 42
third Lord, 208 ; his death,
fi. 42
Lady (wife of above), Lady of
the Bedchamber to the Queen, i.
208, ii. 38 ; etiquette, ii. 41 ;
Queen's opinion of, ii. 42, 64 ;
arrival of Prince Ferdinand, ii.
198 ; dinner at Stafford House,
ii. 237 ; journey to Woolwich, ii.
248 ; on teaching Greek, ii. 303 ;
on Deerbroke, by Miss Martineau,
ii. 305
Lyttelton, fourth Lord, account of,
ii. 42
Lytton, Bulwer, see Bulwer-Lytton
MAOAULAY, THOMAS BABINGTON,
historian, ii. 8 ; on Sir Win.
Temple, ii. 58 ; Under-Secretary
for India, ii. 193 ; Secretary at
War, ii. 193, 217 ; audience with
the Queen, ii. 218 ; and Lord Mel-
bourne, ii. 242, 253, 255, 258, 259
Macay, Captain, on board the Re-
venge, i. 84
Macbeth, i. 256
Macdonald, Sir John, Adjutant-
General at Plymouth, i. 85
Mackintosh, Life of Sir James, in The
Edinburgh Review, i. 173
McLeod, General Donald, his in-
vestiture, i. 295
Maclise, Daniel, the painter, Land-
seer's praise of, i. 315, 316
MacNeill, Mr. (afterwards Sir John),
Envoy to Teheran, his despatches,
i. 385 ; and the Afghans, ii. 63
Macready, William Charles, the
actor, in King John, i. 88 ; and C.
Kemble, i. 147, 186; in The
Lady of Lyons, i. 292 ; in King
Lear, ii. 121
Magnetism, i. 245
Mahmud II., Sultan, description of,
i. 286 ; appeals to the Powers for
protection, ii. 257, 258
Maine, State of, difficulties with
Great Britain, ii. 21
Maitland, Rear- Admiral Sir Frederick
Lewis, commanded the Bettero-
phon, i. 83
Lady (wife of above), Princess
Victoria's visit to the Victory, i. 83
Malcolm, Sir John, Life of Clive, i.
185
Malibran, Mme. (afterwards Mme. de
Beriot), in Norma, i. 79 ; a Royal
concert, i. 115, 116 ; sad death of,
i. 168-171
Maltby, Edward, Bishop of Durham,
the Queen's Coronation, i. 357
Mandelsloh, Count, i. 222
Mansfield, Earl of, and the Canada
INDEX
Bill, i. 277; in "Lodge's
Portraits," i. 305 ; the Douglas
case, ii. 98
Mant, Richard, Bishop of Killaloe,
ii. 73
March, Earl (afterwards sixth Duke
of Richmond and first Duke of
Gordon), i. 78 ; the State ball, ii.
176
Maria, Donna, see Portugal, Queen of
Theresa, Empress, i. 105
Marie of Orleans, see Orleans, Prin-
cess of
Mario, the singer and actor, in
Lucrezia Borgia, ii. 203, 204; in
Norma, ii. 221
Marlborough, Duke of, autograph
of, i. 105
Marriage Act, Royal, i. 333, 390,
391, ii. 43
Marshall, Mrs., an actress, ii. 84
Martineau, Miss, her novels, ii. 305
Mary I., Queen of England and
Ireland, her cruelty, ii. 158 ; her
religion, ii. 218 ; and Jane Grey,
ii. 219 ; marriage, ii. 279-281 ; and
Edward VI., ii. 284 ; her marriage
treaty, ii. 301
Mary II.. Queen of Great Britain
and Ireland, wife of William III.,
" the most beautiful woman in
Europe," ii. 54 ; and William III.,
ii. 293, 299
Mary, Grand-Duchess, ii. 213 ; mar-
riage to Duke Maximilian of
Leuchtenberg, ii. 214
Mary, Queen of Scots, her execution,
ii. 219 ; Hallam on, ii. 300
Masters, Mrs., engraving of, ii. 97
Mathews, Charles, the actor, his
marriage, i. 148 ; Princess Vic-
toria's appreciation of, i. 149
Maton, Wm. George, Physician
Extraordinary to the Duchess of
Kent and Princess Victoria, i. 76
Matthew, Exposition of the Gospel of
St., see Chester, Bishop of
Maude, Hon. Isabella, the State ball,
i. 319
Mauley, Baron de (Hon. Wm. S. S.
Ponsonby), Coronation honour, i.
353
Maundy Thursday, ii. 139
Mayhew, Mr., i. 175
Mayo, Countess of (wife of fourth
Earl), Lady-in-Waiting to Queen
Adelaide, i. 77 ; and Lady Glengall,
ii. 308
Mazarin, Cardinal, i. 261, 330
Mazzini, Giuseppe, Italian patriot, i.
7
Meadows, Drinkwater, an actor in
The Lady of Lyons, i. 292
Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Grand Duke
of, marriage, ii. 150
Grand Duchess, see Cambridge,
Princess Augusta
Medea, an opera, i. 74
Mehemet Ali, the Pasha, and the
Porte, i. 379 ; and Alexandria, ii.
224; defeats the Turks, ii. 257,
258
Melanchthon, Philip, German re-
former, in " Lodge's Portraits,"
i. 305
Melbourne, Peniston, first Viscount,
ii. 69
Viscountess of (wife of above),
i. 246 ; Duke of Sutherland on, i.
250 ; King Leopold on, ii. 11,
12
Melbourne, William Lamb, second
Viscount, influence over Queen
Victoria, i. 31-36 ; forms Govern-
ment, i. 91 ; a threatened Ministry,
i. 107 ; interview with the Queen
on her Accession, i. 197, 199-201,
207 ; general election, i. 213, 219 ;
and King Leopold, i. 224, 345, 380,
ii. 11 ; the Queen's appreciation
of, i. 229, 231, 251, 254, 324, 331,
ii. 135, 160, 289; the Queen's
speech, i. 236 ; debate in the
Commons, i. 239 ; pensions, i.
240 ; Imprisonment for Debt Bill
and others, i. 241 ; on education,
i. 241, 258, 280, ii. 103, 148, 225,
303 ; anecdotes of various people,
i. 243, 284-286, 393, ii. 67, 68;
Lord Brougham's attacks on, i.
244 ; on mothers and character, i.
246 ; characteristics, i. 248 ; atti-
tude towards the Queen, i. 249 ;
and his wife, Lady Caroline Lamb,
INDEX
357
i. 250, 284, 310, ii. 64 ; Canadian
affairs, see Canada ; on music, i.
253 ; Army administration, i.
254, 259 ; state of Greece, i. 255 ;
and Duke of Wellington, i. 257 ; on
punishments, i. 258 ; books and
reading, i. 260, 262, 263, 265-267,
269, 270, 273, 274, 395, ii. 10, 11,
19, 28, 51, 52, 57, 83, 85, 91, 92,
102, 274, 289, 300 ; on recommen-
dations, i. 265 ; Government diffi-
culties, i. 270 ; Ballot question, i.
272-274, 283; on Lord Ellen-
borough, i. 276 ; and the Duchess
of Sutherland, i. 279 ; education at
Eton, i. 279, 339, 343-348, ii. 30,
37, 38, 56, 64-66, 81 ; euthanasia, i.
281 ; William IV. 's dislikes, i. 282 ;
children, i. 285 ; pensions, i. 287 ;
Lord Howe's resignation, i. 289 ;
Poor Laws, i. 295 ; Promotion
Commission, i. 296 ; Belgian ques-
tion, i. 297 ; Prime Minister's rank,
i. 299, ii. 47 ; on Lady Holland, i.
300, 396, ii. 30, 62, 99 ; railways
and steam-carriages, i. 302 ; Lady
Burghersh, i. 302, 303; Lord
Byron, i. 303 ; George III. and
others, i. 304 ; Lord Brougham's
strangeness, i. 307 ; the Royal
Family, i. 309 ; and Marshal
Soult, i. 309, 310, 355, 367, 368 ;
Lord Durham, i. 311 ; Count Fla-
haut, i. 311, 312 ; Court factions,
i. 312 ; on Queen Anne, i. 313 ; on
Prince George of Denmark, i. 313 ;
on Cromwell's descendants, i. 314 ;
George IV.'s favourites, i. 315 ;
Irish Poor Law Bill, i. 315 ; Sir
George Hayter, i. 316 ; the Church
of Ireland, i. 319, 322, 323 ; illness,
i. 319-323, 364; Irish Tithes, i.
325, 328, 366 ; Election Committee
Bill, i. 326 ; Portugal and slavery,
i. 327 ; a dinner mistake, i. 329 ;
on Eton customs, i. 333 ; on New
Zealand, i. 338, 339; and Lady
Holland, i. 339, 340, ii. 79, 87, 221 ;
Lord Barham's pedigree, i. 340 ;
Miss Cha worth and Byron, i. 341 ;
household, i. 342 ; King Leopold's
position, i. 345 ; Irish legal ap-
1124
pointments, i. 349 ; Coronation
honours, i. 353 ; refuses the
Garter, i. 354 ; the Coronation, i.
355-364; Peerages, i. 362, 369;
the Sheridan family, i. 370, 371 ;
Lord Shelburne's marriage, i. 373 ;
George III.'s sons and illnesses, i.
376, 377 ; Sir F. Ponsonby, i. 379 ;
Mehemet AH, i. 379 ; Belgian
affairs, i. 379, 380 ; Baron Stock-
mar on, i. 380 ; the Queen's
Speech, i. 381 ; Lord Brougham's
dislike for, i. 382 ; end of the ses-
sion, i. 383 ; Belgium and Holland,
i. 384, 387, 388; and Pozzo di
Borgo, i. 383, 384, 386 ; and Lord
Howick, i. 387 ; war strength in
peace, i. 389 ; reminiscences of
George IV., i. 390; Royal mar-
riages, i. 391 ; Lord North's
letters, i. 391, 392 ; the French and
Mexico, i. 394 ; Lady Cork, i. 394 ;
George III. and his Ministers, i.
397, ii. 6, 7 ; colonial policy, i. 398 ;
character and intellect, ii. 1 ; Lord
Durham's despatch, ii. 3 ; ances-
tors, ii. 5, 69, 322, 323 ; animals, ii.
6 ; Indian customs and caste, ii.
8 ; French and German literature,
ii. 9, 10 ; and Sir George Villiers,
ii. 15 ; and Sir C. Metcalfe, ii. 16 ;
estimates in Parliament, ii. 17 ;
Church questions, ii. 18, 27, 56, 57,
72; treaty with Turkey, ii. 19;
Lord J. Russell and resignation, ii.
20 ; Canadian boundary question,
ii. 21 ; questions of alliance, ii. 22,
23 ; the French in Algiers, ii. 25 ;
the Spaniards and slavery, ii. 28,
31 ; recollections of George IV.,
ii. 29 ; the French stage, ii. 32 ;
claim to the Crown jewels, ii. 33 ;
Mme. de Sta81, ii. 33, 34 ; religion
and death, ii. 35 ; communication
with the Pope, ii. 36 ; concerning
flowers and farming, ii. 39 ; the
Royal Georges, ii. 40 ; Scottish
universities, ii. 41 ; Court etiquette,
ii. 41 ; the Lyttelton family, ii. 42 ;
questions of Royal marriage, ii.
43-45 ; probable fall of his Govern-
ment, ii. 46 ; no expedition into
858
INDEX
Persia, ii. 47 ; Belgian affairs, ii.
48, 76, 78 ; on Charles Fox's love-
affairs, ii. 49 ; Royal family titles,
ii. 50 ; revenue, ii. 51 ; on the
Stuart looks, ii. 54; George IV.
and Queen Caroline, ii. 58 ; ap-
proaching Government troubles,
ii. 59, 60-62, 73; Afghan and
Persian crisis, ii. 63 ; Lord J. Russell
and resignation, ii. 67, 111-113,
118 ; the Howe family, ii. 70 ;
Army purchase and discipline, ii.
71 ; the Richmond properties, ii.
77 ; Lord Brougham's attack on
the Ministers, ii. 80 ; the Provost
of Eton, ii. 81 ; and William IV.,
ii. 81 ; his family portraits, ii. 82 ;
on novel reading, ii. 83 ; actresses,
ii. 84 ; women writers, ii. 85 ;
ministerial changes, ii. 89 ; judicial
appointments, ii. 90 ; sedan chairs,
ii. 95 ; his house, ii. 96 ; George
IV.'s high spirits, ii. 97 ; the
Douglas case, ii. 98 ; French
politics, ii. 99 ; Lord Durham's
intentions, ii. 100 ; Mrs. Jordan's
statue, ii. 101 ; Cabinet difficulties,
ii. 105 et seq. ; Jamaican trouble,
ii. 108 ; Lord Howick's resigna-
tion, ii. 110 ; Lord Glenelg's in-
capacity and resignation, ii. 111-
116, 121 ; Royal obstinacy, ii. 114 ;
compulsory and voluntary educa-
tion, ii. 117, 122 ; music, ii. 123 ;
a remarkable marriage, ii. 125 ;
his birthday, ii. 128 ; ministerial
levies, ii. 130; Lord Roden's
motion, ii. 131 ; introduction of
the Metropolitan Police, ii. 132 ;
bishops and episcopal palaces, ii.
133 ; Government defeat, ii. 134-
137, 142; French policy and
England, ii. 138 ; the Beau vale
Peerage, ii. 139 ; opera singers, ii.
140 ; literature, ii. 144 ; India
and Afghanistan, ii. 146, 147 ; and
Queen Adelaide, ii. 147 ; the vote
of confidence, ii. 149 ; Lord Stan-
ley, ii. 150 ; gold plate, ii. 152 ;
the Queen's marriage, ii. 153 ;
victory for the Government, ii. 154;
bishopric of Peterborough, ii. 156 ;
resignation decided on, ii. 159 et
seq. ; Sir R. Peel's interviews with
the Queen, ii. 165-167, 169-173;
Household difficulty, ii. 167 et seq. ;
the Cabinet minute, ii. 176 ; Lord
Howe's conduct, ii. 181 ; question
of precedence, ii. 192 ; back in
office, ii. 193 ; extension of suf-
frage, ii. 195, 198, 199; Lord
Howick and Lord J. Russell, ii.
195, 196, 200; on secrecy in
voting, ii. 204 ; his governess, ii.
206 ; and Dr. Kay on treating the
poor, ii. 209 ; Lord Winchilsea's
fight, ii. 212 ; servants, ii. 214 ;
ministerial changes, ii. 217 ; Tur-
key and Egypt, ii. 224 ; Lords'
debate on Ireland, ii. 227, 228 ;
Parliamentary business, ii. 233 ;
Lyndhurst and Follett, ii. 238 ; on
William III., ii. 240 ; Lord Ho-
wick's resignation, ii. 241-243 ;
and Brunow, ii. 252 ; Lord Grey's
hostility to, ii. 254 ; Ministers at
Windsor, ii. 255; Turkish diffi-
culties, ii. 258 ; Pitt and Canning,
ii. 261 ; Prince Albert, ii. 265, 267,
299 ; the Queen's engagement, ii.
268, 269 ; Lord Brougham's re-
ported death, ii. 272 ; Royal mar-
riage precedents, ii. 273, 274, 279,
280, 283 ; his reception at Lord
Mayor's dinner, ii. 275 ; Prince
Albert and a Peerage, ii. 276 ; the
Solicitor-Generalship, ii. 277 ; the
marriage treaty, ii. 282, 301 ; Dr.
Goodall, ii. 286 ; position after the
Queen's marriage, ii. 288 ; George
IV. and his dislikes, ii. 290 ; the end
of franking, ii. 291 ; new penny
postage, ii. 294 ; Baron Stockmar,
ii. 296 ; opening of Parliament, ii.
297 ; Yarde-Buller's motion, ii.
299 ; health, ii. 301 ; monarchy
and unity, ii. 304 ; and the middle
classes, ii. 305 ; precedence ques-
tion, ii. 310, 312, 313 ; the Queen's
wedding, ii. 318-321
Melbourne House, history of, ii. 96,
97
Memoires de V Imperatrice Josephine,
Les, by Mme. le Normand, i. 194
INDEX
859
Menai Bridge, Princess Victoria
crosses the, i. 46
Mendelssohn- Bartholdy, Felix, Ger-
man musical composer, i. 7 ; a
pupil of, i. 145
Mensdorff, Count Alexander, ii. 198,
203 ; departure of, ii. 247
Mensdorff-Pouilly, Emmanuel, Count
(father of above), i. 95 ; death of
his wife, i. 122-124
Countess of (wife of above,
formerly Sophia of Saxe-Coburg),
sad details of her death, i.
122-124
Mercadante, Saverio, Italian operatic
composer, // Posto abbandonato, i.
164
Meridon, Princess Victoria sleeps at,
i. 44
Merode, Comtesse Henri de, Dame
d'Honneur to the Queen of the
Belgians, i. 137, 225
Messiah, The, Handel's oratorio, at
York Minster, i. 135
Metcalfe, Sir Charles, Indian ad-
ministrator, account of, ii. 14 ;
and King Leopold, ii. 16 ; and
Lord Melbourne, ii. 222
Methuen, Paul (afterwards Baron),
Coronation honour, i. 353
Metropolitan Police, instituted, ii. 132
Metternich, Count Clemens (after-
wards Prince), Chief Minister of
Austria, i. 5 ; and the expulsion of
Archbishop of Cologne, i. 253 ;
and Lord Melbourne, ii. 22
Mexico and the French, i. 394
Micklethwait, Mr. (afterwards Sir
Sotherton Peckham-), assists Prin-
cess Victoria in a carriage accident,
i. 104 ; Coronation honour, i. 355
Midleton, Sir Charles (afterwards
first Lord Barham), First Lord
of the Admiralty, account of,
i. 340
Miguel, Don, ii. 31
Milbanke, Miss, see Byron, Lady
Miles, Ensign, of the 89th Regiment,
presentation of colours to, i. 85
Milton, Lord (afterwards sixth Earl
Fitzwilliam, K.G., and Aide-de-
Camp to the Queen), i. 332
Milton, Lady, see Jenkinson, Lady
Selina
Minto, second Earl of, First Lord
of the Admiralty, audience with
the Queen, i. 200; and Wil-
liam IV., i. 283 ; Promotion Com-
mission, i. 296 ; and naval strength,
i. 389, ii. 277 ; and Lord Durham,
ii. 77 ; Household appointments
difficulty, ii. 174, 176 ; ministerial
changes, ii. 217 ; and Lady Hol-
land, ii. 295
Mohammed, Dost, Ameer of Af-
ghanistan, see Dost Mohammed
Moira, Lord (formerly Colonel Raw-
don Hastings and afterwards first
Marquess of Hastings), Com-
mander-in-Chief of Indian Army,
ii. 202
Mole, Count, Louis Philippe's Prime
Minister, ii. 20 ; Lady Holland's
description of, ii. 30 ; French
politics, ii. 99, 143
Molesworth, Sir Wm., M.P., account
of, ii. 200
Moliere, ii. 92
Moncorvo, Baron, trouble in Portu-
gal, i. 166 ; and the Queen
Dowager, ii. 220
Moniteur Universel, Louis Napoleon
at Strasburg, i. 176
Monmouth, Duke of, ii. 11
Montagu, Duke of, i. 369
Montefiore, Sir Moses, his generosity
and kindness, i. 234 ; knighted at
the Lord Mayor's dinner, i. 234
Monterond, M., and King Louis
Philippe, ii. 66
Moore, Vice-Admiral Sir Graham,
account of, i. 83
Lady (wife of above), Princess
Victoria's visit to the Victory, i.
83
, Thomas, poet, i. 5, 338, 395
Moral Philosophy, by Paley, ii. 57
More, Hannah, poetical and ethical
writer, ii. 85
Morella (in Valencia), captured by
Carlists, ii. 12
Morley, John, first Earl of, ii. 86 ;
and Canning, ii. 261 ; Life of Glad-
stone, ii. 322
360
INDEX
Morning Chronicle, Lord Brougham's
reported death, ii. 272
Morning Post, account of Mme.
Malibran's death, i. 168 ; Lord
Brougham's reported death, ii. 272
Morpeth, Viscount (afterwards
seventh Earl of Carlisle), a pro-
minent Whig: at Chatsworth, i.
54 ; dinner to Duke of Orleans,
i. 73 ; and Colonel Verner, i. 241 ;
State ball, i. 318 ; Irish tithes, i.
326 ; Household appointments dis-
cussion, ii. 176 ; and the Horti-
cultural Society, ii. 185 ; at
Windsor Castle, ii. 234 ; his good
nature, ii. 239
Moses, Miss, i. 315
Mountain, Mrs. Rosoman, in The
Beggars' Opera, ii. 183, 184
Mount-Charles, Earl of (afterwards
third Marquess Conyngham), i. 363
Mount Edgoumbe, i. 84
Richard, second Earl,
Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall, i. 84
Mount Temple, see Temple
Mozart, Austrian musical composer:
Laudate Dominum, i. 133 ; Don
Giovanni, i. 338
Mulgrave, second Earl of (afterwards
first Marquess of Normanby), his
appointments, i. 205, 206 ; au-
dience with the Queen, i. 210 ;
Sigismund Thalberg, i. 216; a
Coronation honour, i. 334, 353 ;
possible official changes, ii. 60,
112 ; and Lord Melbourne, ii. 86,
136 ; as to his leaving Ireland, ii.
116, 119, 120 ; and Lord Roden's
motion, ii. 131, 134-136 ; House-
hold appointments difficulty, ii.
174, 176; Home Secretary, ii.
193 ; and Lord John Russell, ii.
200 ; and Lord Brougham, ii. 226 ;
Lords' debate on Ireland, ii. 226-
228 ; and Lord Melbourne, ii. 233,
269 ; arrival of Prince Albert, ii.
262 ; on keeping secret the
Queen's engagement, ii. 269 ; and
Colonel Thomas, ii. 276 ; a Christ-
mas service, ii. 285
Countess of (wife of above,
afterwards Marchioness of Nor-
manby), i. 216 ; the Queen goes
in state to the House of Lords, i.
217 ; and the Queen, i. 230, 232,
235, 240, 251, 381, ii. 5, 104 ; on
children, i. 244, 245 ; at Windsor
Castle, i. 247 ; June 4th at Eton,
i. 333 ; and New Zealanders, i.
338, 339; Eton " Montem," i.
342, 347 ; the Coronation cere-
mony, i. 356 ; walking on the
Terrace, ii. 4 ; and Lord Douro,
ii. 123 ; and Mr. Vizard, ii. 139 ;
and Grassini, ii. 141 ; and Lord
Melbourne, ii. 155 ; arrival of
the Grand Duke, ii. 157 ; and Sir
R. Peel, ii. 171 ; Lady West-
minster's ball, ii. 210 ; and Sir
C. Metcalfe, ii. 222, 223 ; a Christ-
mas service, ii. 285
Mulgrave, Earl of (afterwards second
Marquess of Normanby), the State
ball, ii. 176
Munchausen, Baron Alexander von,
a Hanoverian diplomatist, i. 266
Miinchengratz, Treaty of, ii. 31
Municipal Corporation Bill (Ireland),
i. 241, 269, 328
Munn, Mr., drawings by, i. 180
Munster, first Earl of, and George IV.,
i. 325, 326 ; and the Queen, ii. 9 ;
Mrs. Jordan's statue, ii. 101
Countess of, i. 325
Murillo, Spanish painter, pictures in
the British Gallery, i. 162 ; Lord
Melbourne on, i. 306
Murray, Lady Augusta, her mar-
riage with Duke of Sussex de-
clared void, i. 197, 391, ii. 314
Lord George, Bishop of St.
David's, i. 162
Lady (wife of above), founder
of the Children's Friend Society,
i. 162
Miss (daughter of above), her
orphanage, i. 162-164, ii. 117; re-
view at Windsor, i. 227 ; rides
with the Queen, i. 228, ii. 120 ;
schools and education, ii. 122,
148 ; a Norman, ii. 153
Hon. Charles Augustus, diplo-
matist and author, Extra Groom
in Waiting and Master of the
INDEX
861
Household: review at Windsor,
i. 227, 228 ; rides with the Queen,
i. 328 ; on English ways in foreign
countries, i. 339 ; Eton Montem,
i. 342 ; the Coronation ceremony,
i. 359 ; review in Hyde Park, i.
365 ; prints at Cumberland Lodge,
ii. 10 ; lighting and warming
expenses, ii. 53 ; account of, ii.
94 ; and Lord John Russell, ii. 200 ;
arrival of Prince Albert, ii. 262
Murray, John, publisher, and Byron,
i. 5
Music, pleasure in, ii. 123
Musters, Mr., marriage to Miss
Chaworth, i. 341
Mutiny at the Nore, i. 340
NAPIER, CHARLES (afterwards Ad-
miral Sir Charles, K.C.B.), ii. 265
Naples, King of, see Francis I.
Napoleon, Emperor, and George III.
i. 8 ; anecdotes of, i. 281, ii. 145
and Mme. de Stael, i. 306, ii. 33
and Flahaut, i. 312 ; his attrac
tion, i. 396 ; anecdote of Cam-
bac^res, ii. 8, 9 ; and Grassini, ii.
140
Louis (afterwards Napoleon
III.), at Strasburg, i. 176
Nathalie, a ballet, i. 74
Natural Theology, by Paley, ii. 57
Navy, the, Promotion Commission,
i. 296 ; war strength in peace, i.
389, ii. 277 ; mutiny at the Nore,
i. 340 ; compared with the Army,
ii. 71
Nelson, Horatio, Viscount, Princess
Victoria visits the Victory, i. 83 ;
and the St. Joseph, i. 85
Nelson, Life of, by Southey, i. 395
Nemours, Due de, visit to Kensing-
ton Palace, i. 130 ; a party, i. 137,
138 ; account of, i. 361 ; engage-
ment to Princess Victoire, ii. 307
Nervous Man, The, i. 65
Ness, Mrs., an actress in Charles II. 's
reign, ii. 84
Netherlands, Prince Henry of the,
State dinner at Windsor, ii. 187,
188 ; departure, ii. 191
1124*
Newark (Notts), Princess Victoria
passes through, i. 130, 131
New Brunswick, dispute as to
frontier line of, ii. 21
Newburgh, Thomas, seventh Earl
of, at Chatsworth, i. 53, 56
Countess of (wife of above), i. 53
Newcastle, Henry, fourth Duke of,
and the Catholic Emancipation
Bill, i. 239 ; and George III., i.
397 ; his levees depicted by
Smollett, ii. 130
Newcastle, fifth Duke of, see Lincoln,
Earl of
New College (Oxford), Princess Vic-
toria's visit to, i. 60
Newport, Sir John, Comptroller of
the Irish Exchequer, ii. 69
New Zealand, Lord Melbourne on,
i. 338, 339
New Zealand and of the Church Mis-
sionary Society's Mission to the
Northern Island, Account of, by
Rev. W. Yates, ii. 53
Nicholas I., see Russia, Emperor of
Noel, Roden Berkeley Wriothesley
(afterwards Groom of the Privy
Chamber), ii. 107
Norfolk, Duke of (Sir John Howard),
" the Jockey of Norfolk," killed
at Bosworth, ii. 37
Bernard Edward, twelfth Duke
of, K.G., Earl Marshal, dinner to
King William IV., i. 68; the
Queen's Proclamation, i. 199 ;
Sigismund Thalberg, i. 216 ; the
Coronation, i. 356, 357 ; the
Queen's marriage, ii. 320
Norma, Mme. Pasta in, i. 79 ; Grisi
in, i. 221
Normanby, Marquess and Marchion-
ess of, see Mulgrave, Earl and
Countess of
Norreys, Montagu, Lord (afterwards
sixth Earl of Abingdon), M.P. for
Oxfordshire, i. 132 ; a violent
ultra-Tory, ii. 71
Lady (wife of above), at
Bishopthorpe, i. 132, 133 ; State
ball, i. 318
Norris Castle (Isle of Wight), Prin-
cess Victoria at, i. 81
362
INDEX
North, Brownlow, Bishop of Lich-
field, Worcester, and Winchester,
i. 392
Lord (afterwards second Earl
of Guilford), Prime Minister to
George III. : letters of George III.,
i. 391-3 ; George III.'s confidence
in, i. 397 ; loss of the United
Provinces, ii. 6 ; anecdote of, ii.
50 ; and Sir Matthew Lamb, ii.
69 ; and his tutor, i. 294
Northumberland, Duke of, at Eton
Montem, i. 119; Virginia Water,
i. 120 ; Confirmation of Princess
Victoria, i. 125 ; and George III.,
i. 369
Duchess of (wife of above),
official governess to Princess Vic-
toria, i. 27 ; at Kensington Palace,
i. 66-70, 93-95 ; Somerset House
Exhibition, i. 70 ; presents to
Princess Victoria, i. 76, 118 ; a
birthday ball, i. 77 ; exhibition
of water-colours, i. 79 ; at Windsor
Castle, i. 98, 112, 113, 161 ; Ascot
Races, i. 99 ; Eton Montem, i.
119; Virginia Water, i. 120;
Confirmation of Princess Victoria,
i. 125 ; at Bishopthorpe, i. 132 ;
ball at St. James's, i. 190; a
drawing-room, i. 192 ; City of
London address, i. 193 ; a recep-
tion, i. 376
Norton, Mrs. (Miss Sheridan), a
great beauty : her novel, Stuart
of Dunleath, i. 192 ; the Queen's
opinion of, i. 218, 219 ; and Lord
Melbourne, ii. 226
Nourrit, Louis, French musician and
composer, ii. 140
O'BRIEN, NELLY, portraits by Rey-
nolds, ii. 97
Ockham, Viscount, see King, Sir
Peter
O'Connell, Daniel, " the Liberator,"
Irish politician, attends levies,
i. 286, ii. 201 ; his sons, i. 287 ;
and George IV., i. 288 ; Irish
legal appointments, i. 349 ; Irish
tithes, i. 366 ; and Lord Nor-
manby, ii. 116 ; Household ap-
pointments difficulty, ii. 167 ;
violent speech of, ii. 286 ; the
opening of Parliament, ii. 297
Octavius, Prince, son of George III.,
his early death, i. 309, 377
O'Driscol's Ireland, i. 263
Oldenbourg, Grand Duchess of, i. 220
Old Mortality, by Walter Scott, i. 260
Old Mother Hubbard and her Dog, a
pantomime, i. 90
Olga, Grand Duchess, ii. 213
Oliver Twist, by Charles Dickens,
read by the Queen, ii. 86, 89, 91,
144
O'Loghlen, Sir Michael, Master of
the Rolls, i. 349 ; Lord Brougham's
attack on, ii. 227
One Hour, or the Carnival Ball, a
burletta, Charles Mathews in, i.
149
Operas attended by the Queen : II
Barbiere di Siviglia, i. 66 ; Fidelio,
i. 67 ; Anna Boulena, i. 67, 93 ;
Cenerentola, i. 70 ; Medea, i. 74 ;
Norma, i. 79, ii. 221 ; Otello, i. 79,
94, 111 ; UAssiedo di Corrinto, i.
97 ; La Sylphide, i. 97 ; / Puri-
tani, i. 121, 186, 372 ; Lucrezia
Borgia, ii. 203
Orange, Prince of, and the question
of Princess Victoria's marriage, i.
140, 290, ii. 126
Princess of (wife of above), ii.
156
Prince Henry of (second son of
above), a candidate for the Queen's
hand, i. 140 ; visit to England, i.
290 ; introduction to the Queen,
ii. 156, 157 ; attends the State
ball, ii. 174, 175
Prince William of (elder brother
of above), visit to England, i.
290 ; his marriage, ii. 156
Oriental Annual, i. 180
Orleans, Duke of, visit to England,
and account of, i. 72-75 ; his
brother the Due de Nemours, i.
130 ; illness, i. 143
Duchess of (" Madame Luci-
fer"), ii. 62
Princess Marie of, i. 78, 230
INDEX
363
Orloff, Count Alexis, famous General
and diplomatist, account of, i. 218 ;
visits England with the Grand
Duke, ii. 174-191 ; State ball and
dinner, ii. 174, 187 ; on Louis
Philippe, ii. 190
Osborne, i. 25 ; Princess Victoria's
first sight of, i. 63
Osborne, Baron, see Carmarthen
Otetto, see Rossini
Otway, Sir Robert, ii. 248
Oude, King of, sends shawls to
Queen Adelaide, i. 390
Ovid, Lord Melbourne on, i. 51
Oxford, Princess Victoria at, i. 58, 59
PAGANINI, SIQNOB, i. 79
Paget, Lady . Adelaide (afterwards
Lady Adelaide Cadogan), i. 319,
349 ; train-bearer at Coronation, i.
357 ; and at the Queen's wedding,
ii. 319
Lord Alfred, Equerry to the
Queen, account of, i. 226 ; review
at Windsor, i. 226, 227 ; Covent
Garden, i. 236 ; rides with the
Queen, i. 328, ii. 120, 155 ; visits
battlefield of Waterloo, i. 378 ;
his dog, ii. 93 ; State ball, ii. 188 ;
and Lord John Russell, ii. 200
Lord Clarence, state ball, ii.
188 ; at Calais, ii. 314
Lady Eleanora, train- bearer at
the Queen's wedding, ii. 319
Lord George (sixth son of
Lord Anglesey), account of, i.
332 ; Lord Melbourne on, ii. 66
Lady Mary (afterwards Lady
Sandwich), sings to the Queen, i.
349, 350 ; at Windsor, ii. 264 ;
her child, ii. 266
Miss Matilda, Maid-of -Honour
to the Queen, account of, i. 230 ;
Eton Montem, i. 342 ; a review,
ii. 24 ; State ball, ii. 188 ; and
Lord Melbourne, ii. 294
- Lord (eldest son of Lord Ux-
bridge), Lord Melbourne's page,
i. 363, ii. 294
family, the, Lord Melbourne on,
ii. 66, 271, 294, 308
Pakenham, Mrs., gift to Princess
Victoria, i. 117
Palaces, episcopal, ii. 133
Palatine, Archduke, i. 386
Paley, Frederick Apthorp, his works,
ii. 57
Palmerston, third Viscount, Prime
Minister, account of, i. 73 ; Lisbon
affairs, i. 176, 177 ; audiences
with the Queen, i. 200, 206, 215,
216, 218, 229, 236, 295, ii. 44;
addresses from Parliament, i. 205 ;
and King Leopold, i. 223, ii. 154 ;
a game of chess, i. 225 ; review
at Windsor, i. 227 ; rides with the
Queen, i. 228, ii. 13, 24 ; Canadian
affairs, i. 252 ; education and
punishments, i. 258 ; and Baron
Munchausen, i. 266 ; his politics,
i. 267, 268 ; and William IV., i.
282 ; the Queen and the Whig
party, i. 291 ; the Belgian ques-
tion, i. 297, 345, 379, 380, 384, 386,
387 ; and Prince de Ligne, i. 349 ;
and Van de Weyer, i. 365, 380 ;
and Pozzo di Borgo, i. 384, 386 ;
the French and Mexico, i. 394 ;
and Lord John Hay, ii. 12 ; anec-
dotes of Tierney, ii. 17 ; Life of,
ii. 22 ; and King Louis Philippe,
ii. 23 ; Spanish and Portuguese
affairs, ii. 31 ; Belgian difficulties,
ii. 36, 48, 76, 119 ; at Edinburgh
University, ii. 41 ; and Russia, ii.
47 ; troubles approaching, ii. 61 ;
and Lord Clanricarde, ii. 75, 76 ;
his correspondence, ii. 79 ; French
politics, ii. 99 ; ministerial re-
arrangement, ii. 112 ; and Lord
Ho wick, ii. 113 ; more Govern-
ment difficulties, ii. 118 ; and
Prince Henry of Orange, ii. 156,
191 ; resignation decided on, ii.
163 ; Household appointments
difficulty, ii. 176 ; on power, ii.
178 ; Grand Duke's departure, ii.
190, 191 ; and Sir R. Peel, ii.
219 ; proposed visit of King
Louis Philippe, ii. 232, 233; his
despatches, ii. 242 ; his marriage
with Lady Cowper, ii. 260; ill-
, ii. 270
364
INDEX
Paradise Lost, by Milton, i. 145
Parliament, old Houses of, destroyed
by fire, i. 91
Parliamentary Elections Bill, i. 272
Parnell, Henry Brooke (afterwards
Lord Congleton), M.P. for Dundee,
i. 275
Parr, Catherine, sixth wife of
Henry VIII., ii. 218
Partridge, John, his portrait of the
Queen, i. 328
Passy, M., President of the Chamber
of Deputies, ii. 143
Pasta, Mme. in Medea, ii. 74 ; in
Norma, ii. 79
Patkul, M., one of the Grand Duke's
suite, arrival in England, ii. 157 ;
State dinner at Windsor, ii. 187 ;
State ball, ii. 189 ; departure from
England, ii. 190
Payne, W. H., in Kenilworth, i. 66 ;
in Old Mother Hubbard and her
Dog, i. 90
Pease, Joseph, M.P. for South
Durham, Emancipation for Ap-
prentices Bill, i. 300
Pedro I., Emperor of Brazil, account
of, i. 86 ; death, i. 101
Peel, Sir Robert, Prime Minister,
Reform Bill crisis, i. 23 ; and the
Queen, i. 31, 36, 275, ii. 88, 142,
150, 154, 162, 163, 165-173, 182,
184, 186, 205, 206; and Lord
Melbourne, i. 34, ii. 149, 180 ; his
short-lived administration, i. 91 ;
Whig doctrine, i. 264 ; and Wil-
liam IV., i. 283 ; dinner to his
party, i. 323, 325 ; Election
Committee Bill, i. 326; and the
Irish Bills, i. 328, 366; the
Speaker's levee, ii. 130 ; and Louis
Philippe, ii. 149 ; and the Peers'
prerogatives, ii. 149, 154 ; and
Lord Stanley, ii. 150 ; interview
with the Queen on resignation of
Whig Ministry, ii. 165-174 ; his
peremptory and harsh manner,
ii. 167 ; the Household difficulty,
ii. 167, 168 ; proposed Cabinet, ii.
169 ; the Queen's answer to Sir
R. Peel, ii. 173, 180; the State
ball, ii. 175 ; his statement in
Parliament, ii. 183 ; absence from
the levee, ii. 185 ; and Esterhazy,
ii. 201 ; the Household only a
pretext, ii. 202, 203 ; Lord Pal-
merston on, ii. 219
Peel, Lady (wife of above) a dinner
party at Kensington Palace, i.
146 ; and the Queen, ii. 201
Peerages, discussions as to, i. 352,
353, 362, 369
Pembroke, Countess of, and George
III., i. 377
Pennant, Lady Emma, ii. 292
Pennington, Mr. James, of the
Treasury, ii. 281
Pensions, i. 287
Penthievre, Due de, ii. 62
Pepys' Memoirs, ii. 84
Percy, Miss Louisa (afterwards Mrs.
Bagot), i. 189
"Perdita," the famous Mrs. Mary
Robinson, portrait of, ii. 97
Perrot, M., i. 94
Persia and Afghanistan, ii. 47, 63,
76 ; threatened attack on Herat,
u!46
Philip II., his marriage with Queen
Mary, ii. 279-281
Philip IV., King of Spain, anecdote
of, ii. 67
Philipps, Mr., in The Barber of
Seville, i. 65
Physics, lecture on, by T. Griffiths,
i. 89
Pickersgill, Henry William, portrait
painter, i. 71
Picturesque Annual, i. 180
Pitt, Hon. Harriet Elizabeth
(afterwards Mrs. Bruce), Maid-of-
Honour to the Queen, i. 211 ;
description of, i. 212 ; Drury
Lane Theatre, i. 271 ; and her
brother-in-law, i. 350 ; review
in Hyde Park, i. 365; and her
brothers, ii. 287
Lady Harriet (afterwards Lady
Harriet Eliot), ii. 58
Lady Hester (afterwards Lady
Stanhope), ii. 58
-William (formerly Prime Min-
ister, afterwards Lord Chatham),
and George III., i. 8, 397, 398;
INDEX
365
print of, i. 305 ; and the India Bill,
ii. 6 ; Minister for eighteen years,
ii. 7 ; death, ii. 8 ; and Tierney,
ii. 17 ; precedence of Prime
Minister, ii. 47 ; his dislike for
music, ii. 51 ; his power of
speaking, ii. 59 ; his dress, ii. 86 ;
held no levees, ii. 130 ; and Lord
Sidmouth, ii. 236 ; and Canning,
ii. 261
Pittman, Rev., preaches before Prin-
cess Victoria, i. 78
Plas Newydd, Princess Victoria at,
i. 48
Plunkett, William Conyngham, first
Lord, Irish Lord Chancellor, ii.
83 ; Lords' debate on Ireland, ii.
227
Pluralities Bill, i. 269
Plymouth, Princess Victoria's visit
to, i. 84, 85
Poland and Russia, ii. 23
Police, Metropolitan, introduction
of, ii. 132
Polyeucte, read by Princess Victoria,
i. 185
Ponsonby, Hon. Charles (afterwards
second Lord de Mauley), ii. 306
General Sir F. C., K.C.B.,
wounded at Waterloo, i. 310, 378
John, and Lady Mary Lambton,
i. 338
Viscount, i. 389, ii. 139 ; and
William IV., ii. 248
Hon. Wm. S. C., see Mauley,
Baron de
Poole, Miss, in King John, i. 88 ;
in Old Mother Hubbard and her
Dog, i. 90
Poor Laws, i. 295 ; Lord Brougham's
speech on, i. 296 ; Irish Bill, i. 315
Pope, communication with the, ii. 36
Pope, Rev., sermon by, i. 128
Person, Richard, English scholar,
. portrait of, i. 305
Porteus, Beilby, Bishop of Chester
and London, and George III.,
ii. 259, 260
Portman, Edward Berkeley, Lord,
rides with the Queen, i. 372, ii.
13, 24; a review, ii. 23, 24;
his riches, ii. 26
Portman, Lady (wife of above), Lady
of the Bedchamber to the Queen, i.
217, 262; sees Hamlet, i. 265;
and Richard III., i. 271 ; wages
in Dorsetshire, i. 302 ; rides with
the Queen, i. 372, ii. 24 ; Queen's
appreciation of, ii. 104
Portraits, Lodge's, i. 305
of the Female Aristocracy, i. 338
Portsmouth, Princess Victoria's jour-
ney to, i. 80-82, 86
Portsmouth, Duchess of (Louise
Renee de Querouaille), her wealth,
ii. 68 ; and Lord Holland's grand-
father, ii. 76 ; and Nell Gwynn,
ii. 77
Portugal, trouble in, i. 167, 169,
184, 185, 213, 297, ii. 46, 149;
and slavery, i. 327 ; and Spam,
ii. 31
King of, see Saxe-Coburg
Maria de Gloria, Queen of,
Princess Victoria's visit to, i. 86 ;
her marriage, i. 86 ; her acces-
sion, i. 101 ; death of her husband,
i. 110 ; marriage to Prince Ferdi-
nand, i. 144, 145, 155 ; presents
the Order of Ste. Isabelle to Prin-
cess Victoria, i. 153 ; revolution
in Portugal, i. 167, 170, 176, 177.
184, 185 ; her courage, i. 295 ; the
Quadruple Alliance, ii. 31
Postage, Penny, inauguration of, ii.
291, 294
Potoska, Countess Alexandrine, at the
State ball at Windsor, ii. 188, 189
Pottinger, Eldred, his bravery at
siege of Herat, ii. 146
Power, Mr., in The Nervous Man, i. 65
Powerscourt, Viscountess, at the
State ball, i. 319
Powis Castle, Princess Victoria's
visit to, i. 45, 46
Powis, Edward, first Earl of, receives
Princess Victoria, i. 45
Pozzo di Borgo, Count, Russian
Ambassador, account of, i. 145 ;
and the Queen, i. 218 ; and the
Pasha of Egypt, i. 379 ; and Lord
Palmerston, i. 384, ii. 47 ;] and
Lord Melbourne, i. 386 ; his
French, ii. 34 ; and a Dutch
366
INDEX
alliance, ii. 126 ; and the peace
of Europe, ii. 14?, 144 ; visit of
Grand Duke, ii. 156 ; and the
Coburg family, ii. 290
Pozzo di Borgo, Countess, and the
Queen, i. 145, 218
Praet, Jules Van, Secretary of
Belgian Legation, ii. 78
Precedence, questions of, ii. 47, 192 ;
of Prince Albert, ii. 310, 313
Prime Minister, precedence of, ii. 47
Pritchard, Mr., in The Separation,
i. 146
Proclamation, the Queen's, i. 199
Prometheus, by Shelley, i. 6
Promotion Commission, i. 296
Provost of Bruges, The, i. 148
Prussia and the Rhine, ii. 23 ;
Treaty of Miinchengratz, ii. 31 ;
withdraws her Minister from Brus-
sels, ii. 119 ; treaty with Turkey,
ii. 258
Public schools, Lord Melbourne on,
i. 279
Punjaub, history of the, ii. 64
Puritani, /, i. 115, 116, 121, 164,
186, 372
QUADRUPLE ALLIANCE, THE, of 1834,
ii. 31
Queensberry, Duke of, i. 311
Duchess of, account of, ii. 92
Quentin, Sir George, rides with the
Queen, i. 219, 222, 292, 303; a
review, ii. 23 ; Sir F. Grant's por-
trait of, ii. 222
Miss, rides with the Queen, i.
298, 328, 372
Quentin Durward, by Walter Scott, i.
260
Querouaille, Louise Renee de, see
Portsmouth, Duchess of
RACER, a sloop-of-war, launch of, i. 83
Radnor, Earl of, see Folkestone, Lord
Radstock, Granville George, second
Lord, Vice-Admiral of the Red, i.
175
Lady, i. 175
Raglan, Lord, see Somerset, Lord
Fitzroy
Railways, i. 302, 303
Rainer, Archduke, i. 386
Raleigh, Sir W., portrait in "Lodge's
Portraits," i. 305
Ramsgate, Princess Victoria's visit
to, i. 135, 171
Randolph, Rev., Princess Victoria's
appreciation of his sermons, i. 104,
105
Ranjit Singh, " The Lion of the Pun-
jab," account of, ii. 64 ; Lord
Auckland's visit to, ii. 131 ; treaty
with, ii. 146 ; his death, ii. 254
Raumer's Koniginnen, i. 185
Redesdale, first Earl of, i. 326
Reform Bill, i. 21-23, ii. 195, 305
Reichstadt, Duke of, a print of, ii.
196
Reisehach, Baron, review at Wind-
sor, i. 226, 227
Reschid, Pasha, Turkish Ambassador
in London, ii. 197
Reuss, Prince, i. 79
Revenge, H.M.S., i. 84, 85
Revenue, i. 328, ii. 51
Revolution de I Angleterre, by Guizot,
ii. 83
Reynolds, Sir Joshua, his works in
the British Gallery, i. 79 ; por-
trait of Lord Melbourne, ii. 82 ;
portraits of women, ii. 97
Ricardo, Mr. and Mrs., i. 83
Rich, Mr., i. 222, 236
Richard II. and Edward II., ii. 218
Richard III., Shakespeare's play, i.
267, 270-273
Richelieu, Bulwer's play, ii. 127, 141
Richmond, second Duke of, ii. 77
Duchess of (wife of above), ii. 77
-Charles, fifth Duke of, i. 98;
Ascot Races, i. 99 ; Coronation
ceremony, i. 357 ; the Richmond
properties, ii. 77 ; Household
appointments dispute, ii. 174
Duchess of (wife of above), i. 98 ;
Ascot Races, i. 99 ; the Queen's
Coronation, i. 361
Ripon, Earl of, formerly Prime
Minister, ii. 109 ; account of, ii.
Ill, 128
Countess of (wife of above),
account of, ii. 128
INDEX
367
Rivers, sixth Lord, ii. 287
Rizzio, Darnley's brutality about, ii.
219
Robinson, Frederick, and Lady
Ashley, ii. 49
Mrs. Mary, portrait of, ii. 97
Roby, Mr., his insulting speech, ii.
276
Rochester, i. 142, 178
Rockingham, Charles Watson-Went-
worth, second Marquess of, ii. 6
Roden, Lord, his motion on crime
in Ireland, ii. 88, 131, 133, 134,
227
Rodney, Lord, his arrest for debt
in Paris, i. 287, 288
'Roebuck, John Arthur (afterwards
Rt. Hon.), his bitter speech, i. 272 ;
description of, i, 276
Rogers, Samuel, his breakfasts, i. 5
Rohan, Madame de, reason for her
pension, i. 287
Rokeby, by Walter Scott, i. 175
Rolle, Lord, his accident at the Coro-
nation ceremony, i. 358
Rollin, ii. 103
Rosa, Princess Victoria's pony, i.
64-69
Rosebery, Earl of, K.G., i. 188 ;
and the right to wear the " Windsor
uniform," i. 351
Rossi, Signor, in Kenilworth, i. 65
Rossini, Signor, his opera Cenerentola,
i. 70 ; UAssiedo di Corrinto, i. 97,
115 ; Otello, i. Ill, 165 ; // Bar-
biere, i. 165
Rossmore, Lord, created Baron at
the Coronation, i. 353
Rowley, Dr., Vice-Chancellor of
Oxford, i. 59
Roxburgh, James, sixth Duke of, i.
321
Royal marriages, see Marriages
Rubini, Signor, song from Anna
Boulena, i. 67 ; in the Medea, i.
74 ; in Otdlo, i. 94, 111, 112 ; in
L'Assiedo di Corrinto, i. 97, 115 ;
in / Puritani, i. 116, 121, 186, 187 ;
and Mario, ii. 204
Russell, Lord John, and the Queen,
i. 183, 198, 200-202, 205-207, 210,
233, 239, 268, ii. 44, 127, 236, 311 ;
Irish Corporation Bill, i. 185, 241
328 ; Lord Mayor's dinner, i. 234 '>
Army difficulties, i. 252, 259 ;
Canada Bill, i. 263, 269, ii. 21 5
and the Ballot question, i. 271-
275, 282, 283, ii. 208 ; the Church
of Ireland, i. 319, 320, 328;
Government difficulties, i. 323 ;
Irish Tithes Bill, i. 324, 327, 328 ;
the Queen's speech, i. 381 ; Bel-
gian business, i. 388 ; on Wilber-
force's Life, ii. 19 ; possible resig-
nation, ii. 20, 67, 73, 107, 108,
110, 113, 114, 182 ; at Edinburgh
University, ii. 41 ; death of his
wife, ii. 46, 67 ; Government
difficulties, ii. 60, 61, 112, 118 ;
Sir George Grey, ii. 89 ; and the
Metropolitan Police, ii. 132 ; and
William IV., ii. 148 ; the vote of
confidence, ii. 149, 151 ; Govern-
ment nearly defeated, ii. 159 ;
Government decide to resign, ii.
160-163 ; Household appointments
dispute, ii. 174, 176 ; and National
Education, ii. 186, 187 ; becomes
Secretary for the Colonies, ii. 193,
216, 241 ; and the suffrage to 10
holders, ii. 195, 201 ; and Lord
Howick, ii. 243 ; and the Tories, ii.
253 ; and the Queen's engage-
ment, ii. 268, 269 ; and the Solici-
tor-Generalship, ii. 277 ; and Lady
Holland, ii. 295 ; and the Queen's
Address, ii. 298
Lady John (wife of above), the
Queen's Coronation, i. 359 ; death
of, ii. 46 ; her influence over her
husband, ii. 67
Lord William, British Minister
at Berlin, ii. 287
Lady William (wife of above),
ii. 287
Russia, a strange custom, i. 285 ; and
Turkey, i. 379, ii. 257, 259;
her inaccessibility, ii. 21 ; and
France, ii. 22, 252, 289 ; questions
of alliance, ii. 23 ; Treaty of
Miinchengratz, ii. 31 ; India,
and Afghanistan, ii. 47, 146, 147 ;
reply to Lord Palmerston's des-
patch, ii. 117 ; Lady Clanricarde
868
INDEX
on, ii. 213 ; Treaty of Unkiar
Skelessi, ii. 257 ; her proposition
to England, ii. 259
Russia, Emperor of, and the Queen, i.
218 ; his health, i. 255 ; anecdote
of, i. 286 ; power of fascination, ii.
75 ; and Persia, ii. 76 ; and his
portrait, ii. 91 ; and King Leopold,
ii. 151 ; his visit to England, ii.
197 ; Lady Clanricarde on, ii.
213, 214 ; a present to the Queen,
ii. 236, 247 ; and the French, ii.
236, 252
Empress of, sends the Queen the
Order of St. Catherine, i. 218 ; her
portrait, ii. 91
Hereditary Grand Duke of
(afterwards Alexander II.), visit to
England, ii. 156-192 ; State balls,
ii. 174, 175, 188 ; and the Queen,
ii. 178, 189, 190, 191, 197, 207 ;
State dinner at Windsor, ii. 187 ;
departure, ii. 190 ; his gift to
English charities, ii. 195, 196;
intended marriage, ii. 212
Rutland, Duchess of (wife of fourth
Duke), a great beauty, ii. 87
- fifth Duke of, K.G. (son of
above), Princess Victoria's visit to,
i. 25 ; dinner to William IV., i. 68
ST. ALBANS, Duke of, son of Nell
G wynne, ii. 11, 77
St. Albans, Princess Victoria at, i. 43
St. Catherine, Order of, presented to
the Queen, i. 218
St. James's Palace, William IV.'s
children's party at, i. 63 ; ball at,
i. 190, 191
St. Joseph, taken by Lord Nelson
from the Spanish, i. 85
St. Leonards, Lord, see Sugden
St. Leonards, Princess Victoria at,
i. 101-109
St. Maur, Lady Charlotte (afterwards
Lady Charlotte Blount), i. 66;
dinner to the King, i. 69 ; Somer-
set House Exhibition, i. 70 ; din-
ner for Duke of Orleans, i. 74 ;
birthday presents to Princess Vic-
toria, i. 76, 118 ; visit to the Vic-
tory, i. 83
Saldanha, Marshal, and the Lisbon
trouble, i. 176, 177
Sale, John Bernard, organist, i. 61
Salisbury, third Marquess of, K.G.,
right to wear the " Windsor uni-
form," i. 35 1
Marchioness of (wife of second
Marquess), i. 218
Sandes, Dr. S. C., Bishop of Cashel,
ii. 120
Sandwich, seventh Earl of (after-
wards Master of Buckhounds),
dances with Princess Victoria, i.
191 ; and William IV., ii. 184
Countess of (wife of above), see
Paget, Lady Mary
Saunders, Mr., accident to the
Emerald, i. 84
Savage, Mr., his fight with Lord
Winchilsea, ii. 212
Saxe-Coburg, see Adelaide
see Albert, Prince of
Augustus, Prince of, i. 144, 145 ;
visits to England, i. 150-154, ii.
198 ; and Princess Victoria's
affection for, i. 153, 154, 160
Ernest, Duke of (father of Prince
Albert), i. 95 ; visits to England,
i. 157-161, 356 et seq., ii, 316-321 ;
at the Queen's Coronation, i. 356,
361, 362 ; and Marshal Soult, i.
366 ; and King Leopold, ii. 29 ;
question of the Queen's marriage,
ii. 153, 282 ; marriage of his son
to the Queen, ii. 317-321
Ernest, Prince of (eldest son of
above), visits England, i. 26, 157-
161, 262 et seq., ii. 315-321 ; Princess
Victoria's appreciation of, i. 159-
161 ; his brother Prince Albert's
marriage, ii. 317-321
Ferdinand, Prince of (uncle of
Prince Albert), visits England, i.
95, 150-154, ii. 198; and hia
son's marriage, ii. 144, 145 ;
State ball at Windsor, i. 150 ; the
Queen's appreciation of, i. 161 ;
and the Order of the Bath, ii. 197
Ferdinand, Prince of (son of
above), visit to England, i. 144,
154 ; marriage to the Queen of
Portugal, i. 145 ; his character
INDEX
and charms, i. 145, 152, 153, 177,
184 ; State ball at Windsor, i. 150 ;
Princess Victoria's appreciation
of, 151-153, 160, 177; trouble
in Portugal, i. 167, 170, 177, 184,
297 ; and the slave trade, i. 327,
345 ; and Prince George of Cam-
bridge, ii. 49
Saxe-Coburg, Leopold, Prince of,
visits England, ii. 198, 247, 249
- Victoire, Princess of, visits Eng-
land, ii. 198 ; description of, ii.
198 ; and Lord Melbourne, ii.
203 ; dinner at Stafford House,
ii. 237, 238; and the Queen, ii.
239, 244, 247-249; marriage to
Due de Nemours, ii. 307
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, see Sophia, Prin-
cess
Saxe-Weimar, Charles Frederick,
Hereditary Grand Duke of, i. 125,
219
Duchess of (wife of above),
at Princess Victoria's Confirmation,
i. 125
Ida, Duchess of (wife of Duke
Bernard of Saxe-Weimar), visits
her sister Queen Adelaide, i. 219,
228
Charles, Hereditary Grand Duke
of, ii. 197
Prince Edward of, visits Eton,
i. 343
Scarthing Moor, i. 130, 131
Schiller's Thirty Years' War, ii. 9
Schlegel, August Wilhelm von, Ger-
man critic and author, on Shake-
speare, i. 256 ; and Mme. de
Stael, i. 256, ii. 34
Schleswig-Holstein, Duchess of, see
Hohenlohe
Scholefield, Mr., ii. 306
Sohwartzenberg, Prince, in England,
ii. 13
Princess, in England, i. 375, 376
Scotland, History of, by Sir Walter
Scott, i. 263
Scottish Universities, ii. 41
Scott, Sir Walter, and King Leopold,
i. 5 ; and George IV, i. 11 ; the
Queen's appreciation of, i. 175,
189, 195, 395 ; and music, i. 253 ;
his novels, i. 260, 261 ; History of
Scotland, i. 263 ; sketch of, i. 315 ;
and Lord Alvanley, ii. 63 ; and the
poor, ii. 122, 209
Seaford, Lord, ii. 261
Seaton, first Lord, see Colborne, Sir
John
Sebastiani, M., French ambassador
in London, i. 379, 396, ii. 144, 315
Mme., ii. 250
Sedan chairs, ii. 95
Sefton, William Philip, second Earl
of, i. 73
Countess of, i. 73
Seguin, Mr., in The Barber of Seville,
i. 65
Mrs. E., in Anna Boulena, i. 93
Senfft Pilsach, Count von, Austrian
Plenipotentiary at London Con-
ference, i. 388, ii. 76, 144 ; and
Lady Holland, i. 394
Separation, The, by Miss J. Baillie, i.
146
Seton, SirH., i. 372
Sevign6, Marquise de, her letters,
i. 129, 173, 174, 194, ii. 132 ; and
Nell G wynne, ii. 11 ; Lord Mel-
bourne on, ii. 85
Seymour, Lord, i. 371
Lady, one of the Sheridan
sisters, i. 192 ; her beauty, i. 218,
318, 371, ii. 151, 211 ; Queen of
the Lists in Eglinton Tournament,
u. 212, 231, 242
Sir Hamilton, Envoy Extraor-
dinary at the Belgian Court, ii. 84
Sir Horace, i. 304
Lady Hugh, i. 304
Jane, Lord Melbourne on, ii.
155, 218
Shaftesbury, seventh Earl of, see
Ashley, Lord
Countess of, see Cowper, Lady
Emily
Shafto, Mr., and reported death of
Lord Brougham, ii. 271, 272
Shakespeare, William, his plays, i.
256, 265-267 ; King Lear, i. 269,
ii. 121, 122 ; Lord Melbourne on,
i. 276 ; Richard III., i. 270-272
Shee, Sir Martin, President of the
Academy, Somerset House Ex-
370
INDEX
hibition, i. 70, 71 ; and the Queen,
i. 316
Sheffield, Lady, i. 392
Shelburne, Lord (afterwards fourth
Marquess of Lansdowne), his mar-
riage, i. 373 ; and George III., ii.
6, 7
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, his poetry, i. 6
Sheridan, Charles, i. 370, 371
Frank, ii. 277
R. B., i. 10; his granddaughters,
i. 192 ; Lord Melbourne on, i. 371
Sheridan sisters, the beautiful, i. 192
Thomas, actor and lecturer, i.
372
Shiel, R. L., Vice-President of Board
of Trade, ii. 243
Shrewsbury, Earl of, fatal duel with
Duke of Buckingham, ii. 16
Countess of (wife of above), ii. 16
sixteenth Earl of, Premier Earl
of England, at Chatsworth, i. 56 ;
his speech, i. 317 ; and mistake of
Lord Melbourne's, i. 329
Shuttleworth, Dr. P. N. (afterwards
Bishop of Chichester), i. 60
Sibthorp, Colonel, presents an address
to Princess Victoria, i. 189 ; and
Prince Albert's income, ii. 301
Siddons, Mrs., the famous actress,
i. 5, ii. 141, 183
Sidmouth, Viscount, ii. 235
Sidney, Lady Sophia (afterwards
Lady de Lisle ; daughter of William
IV.), i. 99, 112 ; Eton Montem,
i. 119, 120 ; her death, i. 187
Sismondi, J. C. L. de, Swiss historian,
i. 263
Sittingbourne, Princess Victoria at,
i. 142; hurricane at, i. 177
Slave trade under Portuguese Gov-
ernment, i. 327 ; and Spaniards,
ii. 28
Smith, Sir Edward, a hunting epi-
sode, i. 57
Sir Lionel, Governor of Jamaica,
ii. 108
Rev. Sydney, and the Archbishop
of Canterbury, ii. 132, 133
Smollett, T. B., ii. 130
Sneed, Mr., Warden of All Souls',
Oxford, i. 60
Snuffbox presented by the Queen
to Colonel Harcourt, i. 135
Somerset, eleventh Duke of, i. 68 ;
at the Queen's Coronation, i. 321
Duchess of (wife of above), at
Lady Westminster's ball,ii. 211,212
Lady Augusta, one of the Queen's
ladies, ii. 278
Lord Fitzroy (afterwards first
Lord Raglan), account of, ii. 71
Somerset House Exhibition, i. 71
Somerville, Mrs., account of, ii. 85
Sonnambula, La, i. 67, 157, 164
Sooja, Shah, Ameer of Afghanistan,
driven into exile, ii. 63 ; restoration
of, ii. 146
Sophia, Princess Augusta (daughter
of George III.), "Aunt Augusta,"
i. 61, 200, 228
Princess (daughter of Georgelll. ),
"Aunt Sophia," i. 61, 62, 64;
birthday presents to Princess Vic-
toria, i. 76, 188 ; a concert, i. 114,
116 ; Confirmation of Princess
Victoria, i. 125 ; her birthday, i.
127
Matilda, Princess (sister of Duke
of Gloucester), birthday present
to Princess Victoria, i. 76 ; her
brother's death, i. 105 ; a con-
cert, i. 216 ; and George III.'s
illnesses, i. 376 ; the Queen's mar-
riage, ii. 320
Soult, Marshal, Duke of Dalmatia,
Ambassador at Queen's Corona-
tion, i. 309, 354, 355, 361, 365,
366, ii. 61, 315 ; reception at
Eton College, i. 367 ; and Napo-
leon, i. 396 ; and King Louis
Philippe, ii. 88, 143: President
of the Council, ii. 99
Southampton, Princess Victoria at,
i. 81
Southey, Robert, Poet Laureate, i. 6
South Sea Islands, A Narrative of
Missionary Enterprise in the, by
John Williams, ii. 52
South Sea scheme, i. 351
Souza, Mme. de, ii. 34
Spain, misery of monks and nuns
in, ii. 15 ; and slave traffic, ii. 28 ;
and Portugal, ii. 31 ; and King
INDEX
871
Louis Philippe, ii. 32, 149 ; Lord
Clarendon on, ii. 138
Spain, Infanta of, and Charles I., ii. 43
Queen Regent of, i. 92 ; and King
Louis Philippe, ii. 31, 48
Queen Isabel of (daughter of
above), i. 92, ii. 155
Spath, Baroness, Lady-in-Waiting
to Duchess of Kent : birthday
presents to Princess Victoria, i.
75, 117 ; the Queen's Coronation,
i. 359 ; review in Hyde Park, i.
365
Spectator, The, i. 129
Spencer, second Earl of, death of,
i. 91
third Earl, see Althorp, Lord
Lady Charles, ii. 87, 98
Lady Elizabeth, see Pembroke,
Lady
Spitzemberg, Baron, i. 222
Spring Rice, Rt. Hon., Chancellor of
the Exchequer : the Queen's Pro-
clamation, i. 199 ; audience with
the Queen, i. 203, 206, 207, 237 ;
Canadian affairs, i. 252 ; and
William IV., i. 282 ; on revenue,
i. 328, ii. 51 ; possible official
changes, ii. 60, 61 ; resignation of
the Government, ii. 163 ; House-
hold appointments dispute, ii. 173,
176 ; ministerial changes, ii, 217 ;
and Bank of Ireland Bill, ii. 235
- Miss (eldest daughter of
above), Maid-of -Honour to the
Queen, i. 211, 212 ; review in
Hyde Park, i. 365
Stael, Mme. de, French authoress, i.
256, 306 ; Lord Melbourne on, ii.
33, 34, 85
Stafford, second Marquess of, see
Sutherland, first Duke of
third Marquess of, see Suther-
land, second Duke of
Marchioness of, see Sutherland,
Duchess of
Marquess of (son of above, after-
wards third Duke of Sutherland),
page at the Queen's Coronation, i.
363
Stafford House, account of, i. 279 ;
dinner at, ii. 237
Stamford, ii. 130
Stamfordham, Lord, see Bigge, Sir
A.
Stanhope, third Earl, his speeches,
i. 295, ii. 59; account of, ii. 58
fourth Earl, ii. 68
Lady Wilhelmina (daughter of
above), account of, i. 188 ; and the
Queen, i. 240, 299, ii. 45, 152 ;
State ball, i. 318 ; train-bearer
at the Queen's Coronation and
wedding, i. 357, ii. 319, 360, 363 ;
a reception, i. 375 ; one of the
Queen's Ladies, ii. 278
Stanley, Edward Geoffrey (after-
wards Earl of Derby), Secretary for
the Colonies, account of, i. 73 ; and
the Irish tithes, i. 324, 325 ; and
the Corn Laws, ii. 94 ; and the
Queen, ii. 129, 205 ; Ministerial
levee, ii. 130 ; and the vote of
confidence, ii. 149 ; Lord Mel-
bourne on, ii. 150 ; proposed Cabi-
net, ii. 166, 169
Stein, Baroness de, i. 113
Stevenson, Sir Benjamin : the Queen's
Coronation, i. 356
Steward, Thomas, teacher of writing
and arithmetic to Princess Vic-
toria, i. 64, 67, 94, 95, 158
Stewart, Mrs., and the Douglas trial,
ii. 98
Stockmar, Baron, and the Queen, i.
29, 36, 193, 195, 196, 198, 211
380, ii. 296 ; and King Leopold,
i. 154, 291, 345; William IV. 's
death, i. 196 ; and Lord Mel-
bourne, i. 207, 213, 353, 354, ii.
221, 303 ; and Prince Albert,
ii. 88, 153, 269, 292, 293, 295,
306 ; the marriage treaty, ii. 282,
301 ; the wedding day, ii. 318
Stopford, Colonel the Hon. Edward,
i. 176
Lady Mary, drawing-room, i.
188, 192; the Proclamation, i.
199 ; procession in state, i. 209,
210 ; and the Queen, i. 222, 298 ;
leaves Brighton, i. 232, 260 ; illness,
i. 235 ; goes to Windsor Castle,
i. 247 ; Hamlet, i. 265 ; a review,
ii. 24
872
INDEX
Stovin, Sir F., rides with the Queen,
i. 298
Strafford, second Earl, see Byng
Strangways, see Fox-Strangways
Strasbourg, Louis Napoleon at, i. 176
Strauss, his playing, i. 375
Strickland, Sir George, Whig M.P.,
i. 300
Strode, Mrs., death of, i. 187
Stroganoff, Countess, i. 376
Stuart, Dugald, at Edinburgh Uni-
versity, ii. 41
Sturt, Lady Charlotte, ii. 292
Sudeley, Baron (formerly Charles Han-
bury Tracy), Coronation honour,
i. 353
Suffield, fourth Lord, i. 318
Sugden, Edward (afterwards Lord
St. Leonards), account of, i. 243
Sully's Memoirs, i. 107, 127 ; his
character, i. 261
Sulphur monopoly, ii. 19
Sumner, John Bird, Bishop of
Chester and afterwards Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, his Exposi-
tion of the Gospel of St. Matthew, i.
129, 131, 138, 158; his age, ii.
125
Sunderland, Earl of, and the creation
of Peers, i. 352
Countess of, " the little Whig,"
ii. 182, 183
Surrey, Lord (afterwards twelfth
Duke of Norfolk), i. 360; and the
Queen, ii. 65, 217, 228 ; Govern-
ment nearly defeated, ii. 159 ; and
Lady Fitzalan, ii. 234 ; at Wool-
wich, ii. 248 ; the Queen's wedding,
ii. 318
Sussex, Duke of (fifth son of George
III.), portrait of, i. 71 ; birthday
presents to Princess Victoria, i. 76,
118 ; account of, i. 197 ; a concert,
i. 216 ; and the Queen, i. 224, 314,
iii. 309 ; Lord Mayor's dinner, i.
233 ; moves the Address in House
of Lords, i. 238 ; Prime Minister's
rank, i. 299 ; a reception, i. 374,
375 ; royal marriages, i. 391, ii.
314 ; and Ireland, ii. 60 ; and Em-
press of Brazil, ii. 220 ; precedence
of Prince Albert, ii. 283 ; marriage
to Lady Cecilia Buggin, ii. 314 ;
Queen's wedding, ii. 319, 321
Sutherland, first Duke of, and second
Marquess of Stafford, i. 68
Elizabeth, Duchess of, " the
Duchess Countess," (wife of above),
i. 68, ii. 68
second Duke of, and third Mar-
quess of Stafford, i. 72 ; at Wind-
sor Castle, i. 247 ; and Lord Mel-
bourne's mother, i. 250 ; a levee, i.
286 ; Coronation preparations, i.
321 ; his dukedom, i. 369 ; dinner
party, ii. 237
Harriet Elizabeth, Duchess
of (wife of above), Mistress of
Robes to Queen Victoria, i. 72 ; and
her beauty, i. 176, 191, 204 ; draw-
ing-room, i. 192 ; procession in
state, i. 209, 210 ; and the Queen,
i. 214, 217, ii. 47, 48, 307 ; Lord
Mayor's dinner, i. 233, 234 ;
Covent Garden, i. 236 ; the House
of Lords, i. 237 ; and education, i.
241 ; at Windsor, i. 247 ; and
Lady Caroline Lamb, i. 250 ; Ham-
let, i. 265 ; and Lord Melbourne, i.
279, ii. 47 ; a levee, i. 286 ; the
Queen's Coronation, i. 355, 356 ;
review in Hyde Park, i. 365; a
reception, i. 376 ; portrait by
Hayter, i. 386 ; her children, ii.
47, 48, 213, 229 ; journey to
France, ii. 53 ; dinner party at
Stafford House, ii. 237 ; opening
of Parliament, ii. 297 ; the Queen's
wedding procession, ii. 319
third Duke of, see Stafford, Lord
Sutton, Archbishop Manners, i. 4
Sweden, Queen of, ii. 194
Sydenham, Lord, see Thomson, Pou-
lett
Sykes, Captain, Queen's kindness to,
i. 307
Sylphide, La, i. 80, 97
TAQLIONI, MLLE. MARIE, a famous
operatic dancer, in Flore et Zephir,
i. 70 ; in Nathalie, i. 74 ; in La
Sylphide, i. 80, 97 ; in La Oitana,
ii. 204
INDEX
373
Talbot, second Earl, K.G., anecdote
of, i. 385 ; account of, ii. 74
Lady Mary, train-bearer at the
Queen's Coronation, i. 357 ; mar-
riage to Prince Doria, ii. 60
Mrs., at Chatsworth, i. 54, 56
Talfourd, Serjeant (afterwards Sir
Thomas, Judge of the Common
Pleas), account of, ii. 155 ; and
the Copyright Bill, ii. 155, 277
Talleyrand, Prince, French Ambassa-
dor in London, account of, i. 72,
ii. 61 ; leaves London, i. 91 ;
death, i. 330, 331, ii. 61 ; on
English public education, i. 347 ;
at the Queen's Coronation, i. 361,
362 ; anecdote of the French Revo-
lution, i. 385 ; and Mme. de Stael,
ii. 34
Tambourini, Signor, in II Barbi&re
di Siviglia, i. 66 ; in Cenerentola,
i. 70 ; in Anna Boulena, i. 93 ;
in Otello, i. 94, 111 ; in UAssiedo
di Corrinto, i. 97, 115 ; in /
Puritani, i. 116, 121, 186; in
Lucrezia Borgia, ii. 203
Tankerville, fifth Earl of, i. 72
Countess of (wife of above),
account of, i. 72, 73 ; Lord Mel-
bourne on, ii. 221
" Tartar," a favourite horse, i. 251,
292, 298, 301, 372, ii. 13, 25, 259
Tavistock, Marquess of, and Lord
J. Russell, i. 270, 274
Marchioness of (wife of above),
Lady of the Bedchamber to the
Queen, i. 202, 203 ; procession
in state, i. 209, 210 ; at Windsor
Castle, i. 221-225 ; Drury Lane
Theatre, i. 271
Taylor, General Sir Herbert, secre-
tary to William IV., i. 74, 282 ; his
influence with William IV., i. 283,
289, ii. 81 ; on The Times of
George III. and George IV., i. 393,
394, ii. 40, 58 ; account of, i. 394,
ii. 81 ; Lord Melbourne on, ii. 81,
178 ; illness, ii. 98 ; and George IV.,
ii. 143 ; and Queen Charlotte, ii.
147
Sir Brook, ii. 137
Tea, new Assam, ii. 131
XI 25
Teck, Duchess of, see Cambridge,
Princess Mary of
Temple, Archbishop, and King
Edward's Coronation, i. 360
Sir William, Macaulay's article
on, ii. 58
Templemore, Lord, ii. 174
Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, i. 6
Teynham, fourteenth Baron, asks for
private audience of the Queen,
i. 330
Thalberg, Sigismund, famous pianist,
plays before the Queen, i. 216, 217
Thames, river nearly frozen over, i.
257
Theodore, Monsieur, in La Sylphide,
i. 97
Theology, by Smith, i. 129 ;
Natural, by Paley, ii. 57
Thirty Years' War, by Schiller, ii. 9
Thomson, Poulett (afterwards Lord
Sydenham), audience with the
Queen, i. 200 ; and Canada, i. 263 ;
the Ballot question, i. 273 ; and
William IV., i. 282 ; Cora Laws,
ii. 105 ; and Lord Melbourne, ii.
113, 114 ; and the Household ap-
pointments dispute, ii. 174, 176 ;
and Lord John Russell, ii. 200
Thurlow, Lord, Lord Chancellor, i. 391
Tierney, George, account of, ii. 17
Times, The, Mme. Malibran's illness
and death, i. 170 ; and the Corn
Laws, 1 ii. 94 ; and Lord Brough-
am's reported death, ii. 272
Tindal, Chief Justice, and the Crown
jewels, ii. 33
Titles borne by the Royal Family, ii.
50
Tobin, John, his works, ii. 122
Tofts, Mrs., ii. 229
Torrington, seventh Viscount, Lord-
in- Waiting to the Queen, i. 222 ;
two reviews, i. 227, 228, ii. 23,
24 ; rides with the Queen, i. 328 ;
at Windsor Castle, ii. 4, 5, 234 ;
State ball, ii. 188
Tory Party and Lord Melbourne's
Government, i. 107 ; the Ballot
question, i. 272-274; Canada
Bill, i. 275-278 ; Poor Law relief,
i. 295 ; Promotion Commission! i.
374
INDEX
296; the Church of Ireland, i.
319-323; Irish Bills, i. 328; and
The Beggars' Opera, i. 330 ; George
III. 'a Ministers, i. 397, ii. 6, 7 ;
resignation of the Whig Govern-
ment, ii. 160 ; Sir R. Peel's inter-
views with the Queen, ii. 165-167,
169-173; the Household diffi-
culty, ii. 167 et seq. ; proposed
Cabinet, ii. 169 ; their conduct,
ii. 242 ; Lord Melbourne on, U.
253
Townshend, second Marquess, K.G.
(formerly Secretary of State), ac-
count of, i. 330
Tracey, C. Hanbury, see Sudeley,
Baron
Trench, General Sir Frederick, ac-
count of, i. 117
Tunbridge Wells, Princess Victoria
at, i. 127
Turkey and Egypt, i. 379, ii. 224,
257 ; treaty with Great Britain, ii.
19 ; changed attitude of Europe
to, ii. 257
Turner, General Sir T. H., account
of, ii. 10
Turton, Dr. (afterwards Bishop of
Ely), ii. 156
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE (Oxford), Prin-
cess Victoria's visit to, i. 60
Unkiar Skelessi, Treaty of, ii. 257,
258
Upton, General, i. 146
Utrecht, Peace of, i. 313
Uxbridge, Earl of (afterwards second
Marquess of Anglesey), i. 69 ; rides
with the Queen, i. 292, 298, 301,328,
372, ii. 120 ; State balls, i. 318,
332 ; State dinner at Windsor, ii.
187 ; Lady Westminster's ball, ii.
210 ; and Russia, ii. 213 ; Sir F.
Grant's portrait, ii. 222 ; at Wind-
sor Castle, ii. 234 ; and Lord
Brougham's reported accident, ii.
271 ; and the Queen's address, ii.
297 ; the wedding procession, ii.
319
Countess of (wife of above), ac-
count of ? ii. 62 ; State dinner at
Windsor, ii. 187; at Windsor
Castle, ii. 234
VACCINATION, the Queen's opinion of,
ii. 102
Valen$ay, Due de, i. 72
Van Amburgh, lion tamer, perform-
ance before Queen Victoria, ii. 105,
106 ; Landseer's picture of, ii. 123
Van de Weyer, Sylvain, Belgian
Minister at St. James's, account of,
i. 73 ; the Queen's appreciation of,
i. 73, 155, ii. 251 ; trouble in
Lisbon, i. 167, 169, 170, 184 ; and
Prince Ferdinand, i. 184, 185 ;
debt between Holland and Belgium^
i. 380, ii. 48 ; a review, ii. 24 ;
and Luxembourg, ii. 36
Van Dyck, Sir Anthony, Flemish
portrait painter, his works in the
British Gallery, i. 162
Vassall, Miss, see Holland, Lady
Veillees du Chateau, Lea, i. 195
Venetian History, The, i. 131, 132,
138
Verner, Col., dismissal of, i. 241
Vernon, Mr. and Mrs., at Bishop -
thorpe, i. 132, 133
Vernon-Harcourt, see Harcourt
Vestris, Mme., account of, i. 148, ii.
90, 141
Victoria Asylum, or Children's Friend
Society, founded by Lady George
and Miss Murray, i. 162-164
Victoria, Letters of Queen $\.\302
Victoria, Princess (afterwards Queen),
early life, i. 1 et seq. ; journals, i.
14 et seq. ? education, i. 17-21 ;
visits and occupations, i. 24, 25,
42 ; early social life, i. 27 ; pre-
paring for the Throne, i. 28, 29 ;
personality, i. 30-32, 40 ; Lord
Melbourne's influence over, i. 31-
36 ; life at Kensington Palace,
i. 36 ; at Windsor Castle, i. 38 ;
at Buckingham Palace, i. 38, 39 ;
correspondence, i. 41 ; first know-
ledge of possible succession, i. 42 ;
1832 Journey to Powis Castle, i.
43-45 ;] Carnarvon, i. 46 ; at
Baron Hill, i. 46, 47; at
INDEX
375
Plas Newydd, i. 48 ; goes out
riding, i. 48 ; visit to Eaton
Hall, i. 49-52 ; Chatsworth, i.
52-56 ; Haddon Hall, i. 55 ;
Alton Towers, i. 56-58; a
hunting episode, i. 58 ; visits to
Wytham Abbey, i. 58 ; and
Oxford, i. 59, 60 ; lefi at Ken-
sington Palace, i. 61, 66
Christmas presents, i. 61, 62
1833 First sight of Osborne, i. 63
birthday ball and presents, i
63, 75, 77, 78 ; sketches, i. 63
attends operas and theatres, i
64-67, 70, 74, 79, 80, 88, 90
goes out riding, i. 66, 67, 82
dinner parties, i. 68, 69, 72-74
visits picture exhibitions, i. 70
71, 79 ; arrival of Princess
Alexander and Ernst, i. 78-82
Portsmouth and Southampton,
i. 80, 81 ; at Norris Castle
(Cowes), i. 81-85 ; Cowes Re-
gatta, i. 82 ; visits the Victory ,
i. 83 ; accident on the Emerald,
i. 84 ; Plymouth, i. 84, 85 ;
presents colours, i. 85 ; on
board the St. Joseph, i. 85 ;
visits Queen of Portugal at
Portsmouth, i. 86, 87 ; Spanish
affairs, i. 87 ; lecture on
physics, i. 89
1834 Operas and theatres, i. 91, 93,
94, 97 ; receives Order of Maria
Louisa, i. 92 ; arrival of
Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg,
Charles Prince Leiningen, and
her sister Feodora, i. 95 ; the
Hohenlohe family, i. 96 ; visit
to Windsor and Ascot Races, i.
98-100 ; death of Dom Pedro,
i. 101 ; at St. Leonards and
Battle Abbey, i. 101-109;
carriage accident, i. 103, 104 ;
death of Duke of Gloucester, i.
104, 105
1835 Lessons and occupations, i. 107,
109 ; Confirmation, i. 107, 124-
127 ; King Leopold's influence
over, i. 107 ; at Kensington
Palace, i. 110, 130 et seq. ;
death of Duke of Leuchten-
berg, i. 110 ; operas and
theatres, i. Ill, 115, 121 ; life
at Windsor, i. 112 ; sixteenth
birthday and presents, i. 116-
118 ; visits Eton Montem, i.
119, 120; Virginia Water, i.
120 ; death of Countess Mens-
dorff, i. 122, 123 ; books and
reading, i. 124, 127-129, 131,
138 ; at Tunbridge Wells, i.
127-129 ; arrival of Duo de
Nemours, i. 130, 137, 138;
journey to Bishopthorpe (York),
i. 130-134 ; service at York, i.
133 ; reception at Ramsgate, i.
135-142 ; arrival of the King
and Queen of the Belgians, i.
136 ; a French fisher-boy, i.
138, 139
1836 Projects for marriage, i. 140 ;
returns to Kensington, i. 142 ;
books and reading, i. 143-145,
154-156, 159, 161, 162, 172-
176 ; Queen of Portugal mar-
ried to her cousin Ferdinand,
i. 145, 146 ; and Pozzo di
Borgo, i. 146 ; operas and
theatres, i. 146-150 ; State ball
at Windsor, i. 150 ; Prince
Ferdinand's charms, i. 152, 153,
160 ; King Leopold's Directions
and Advices, i. 154, 155 ; sing-
ing lessons from Lablache, i.
156, 164-166 ; visit of Princes
Ernest and Albert, their charms
and accomplishments, i. 157-
161 ; exhibition of Old Masters,
i. 162 ; Miss Murray's orphan-
age, i. 162-164 ; at Claremont
with King Leopold, i. 166, 168 ;
trouble in Portugal, i. 167,
176, 177 ; sad death of Mali-
bran, i. 168-170 ; at Ramsgate,
i. 171 ; letter from Queen
Louise, i. 174 ; a dinner party,
i. 175 ; Louis Napoleon at
Strasburg, i. 176 ; stormy
journey through Canterbury
and Rochester to Claremont, i.
177, 178 ; Christmas and pre-
sents, i. 179, 180; gipsy
encampment, i. 180-182, 184
376
INDEX
1837 News from Portugal, i. 184, 185,
231 ; books and reading, i. 185,
188, 189, 193-195 ; portrait by
R. J. Lane, i. 186 ; operas and
theatres, i. 186, 187 ; death of
Lady de L'Isle, i. 187 ; draw-
ing-rooms, i. 188, 192 ; address
from Lincoln, i. 189 ; eighteenth
birthday, i. 190 ; ball at St.
James's,!. 191 ; City of London
address, i. 193 ; and Baron
Stockmar, i. 193, 196, 207 ; the
King's illness and death, i.
194-196 ; accession as Queen,
i. 196 ; and Lord Melbourne, i.
197, 199-201, 207 ; Privy
Council meeting, i. 198 ; the
Proclamation, i. 199 ; au-
diences, i. 200, 201 ; Household
appointments, i. 202 ; visit to
Windsor, i. 203 ; and Queen
Adelaide, i. 204 ; addresses
from Parliament, i. 205 ; con-
genial work, i. 206 ; the King's
funeral, i. 208 ; procession in
state, i. 209 ; deputations and
audiences, i. 210 ; leaves Ken-
sington for Buckingham Palace,
i. 211 ; and Lord Melbourne, i.
213, 219, 220, 224, 226, 228 et
seq. ; and Baron Stockmar, i.
213 ; chapter of the Garter, i.
214, 215 ; and Sigismund Thai-
berg, i. 216 ; in the House of
Lords, i. 217 ; receives Order
of St. Catherine, i. 218 ; arrival
of Duchess of Saxe-Weimar, i.
219; goes out riding, i. 220-
223, 228 ; goes to Windsor, i.
220 ; departure of King of
Wurtemberg, i. 222 ; visit of
King and Queen of the Belgians,
i. 223-225 ; review at Windsor,
i. 226, 227 ; and Queen Ade-
laide, i. 228 ; picture of her
first Council, i. 230 5 returns
to Buckingham Palace, i. 232 ;
Lord Mayor's dinner, i, 233-
235 ; her Speech, i. 236-238 ;
debate in the Commons, i. 239 ;
pensions, i. 240 ; magnetism,
i. 245 ; Household and other
expenditure, i. 245 ; mothers
and character, i. 246 ; at
Windsor, i. 247; Lord Mel-
bourne's characteristics, i. 248
1838 A new horse, i. 251 ; and Lord
Melbourne, i. 251 et seq. ; Cana-
dian affairs (see Canada) ;
music, i. 253, 338 ; Army ad-
ministration, i. 254, 259 ; state
of Greece, i. 255 ; various con-
versations, i. 256 ; the Duke
of Wellington, i. 257 ; on
punishments, i. 258 ; books
and reading, i. 260, 262, 263,
265-267, 269, 270, 273, 274,
305, 308, 314, 338, 351, 395,
ii. 9, 10, 19, 28, 51, 52, 67,
83, 85 ; and the Fitzclarence
pensions, i. 261 ; and Lady
Falkland, i. 262; pricking
Sheriffs, i. 268 ; Government
difficulties, i. 270 ; appreciation
of Charles Kean, i. 272 ; the
Ballot question, i. 272-274,
283 ; the Duke of Wellington's
manner, i. 274, 284 ; and the
Duchess of Sutherland, i. 279 ;
on education, i. 280 ; euthan-
asia, i. 281 ; on William IV.'s
dislikes, i. 282 ; on Lady Francis
Egerton, i. 284 ; concerning
children, i. 285 ; and O'Con-
nell, i. 286, 288 ; pensions, i.
287 ; Court etiquette, i. 288 ;
and Lord Howe's resignation,
i. 289 ; the question of mar-
riage, i. 290 ; theatres and
operas, i. 292, 338, 372 ; goes
out riding, i. 292, 298, 301,
328, 372, ii. 13, 14 ; Jamaican
slavery, i. 294 ; an investiture,
i. 295 ; on Queen Adelaide, i.
297 ; on Lord Cowper, i. 297 ;
Belgian affairs, i. 297, ii. 48 ;
Christian names, i. 298 ; Prime
Minister's rank, i. 299, ii. 47 ;
on Lady Holland, i. 300 ; rail-
ways and steam carriages, i.
302, 303 ; pays the Duke of
Kent's debts, i. 307 ; death of
Louis, a devoted attendant, i.
308 ; the Royal family, i. 309 ;
INDEX
877
and Marshal Soult, i. 309, 310,
354, 355. 367, 368 ; on Lord
Durham, i. 311 ; on Queen
Anne, i. 313 ; George IV.'s
favourites, i. 315 ; Sir George
Hayter, i. 316 ; a State ball,
i. 317-319; the Church of
Ireland, i. 319-323 ; Coronation
preparations, i. 321 ; praise of
Lord Melbourne, i. 324, 331 ;
singing of birds, i. 324 ; Fitz-
clarence pensions, i. 325 ; Por-
tugal and slavery, i. 327 ; and
private audiences, i. 330 ;
Talleyrand's death, i. 330;
twentieth birthday, i. 331 ; a
State ball, i. 332; Coronation
honours, i. 335, 352, 353 ; the
Coronation, i. 336, 355-364 ;
Eton Montem, i. 339, 343-345 ;
King Leopold's position, i. 345 ;
and Prince de Ligne, i. 349 ;
Irish legal appointments, i.
349; a concert, i. 349, 350;
and Miss Pitt, i. 350; Lord
Melbourne refuses the Garter,
i. 354 ; Peerages, i. 362, 369 ;
review in Hyde Park, i. 365 ;
and Prince Royal of Bavaria,
i. 368 ; and the Sheridan
family, i. 370, 371 ; dinner
party and reception, i. 374,
375 ; George III.'s sons and
illnesses, i. 376, 377 ; takes
leave of Baron Stockmar, i.
380 ; Speech, i. 381 ; her
discretion, i. 387 ; Lord Dur-
ham's despatch, ii. 3 ; walking
on the Terrace at Windsor, ii.
4 ; French and German litera-
ture, ii. 9, 10 ; thrown from
her horse, ii. 14 ; and Sir George
Villiers, ii. 15 ; Estimates in Par-
liament, ii. 17 ; Church ques-
tions, ii. 18, 27, 57, 72 ; treaty
with Turkey, ii. 19 ; Lord John
Russell and resignation, ii. 20 ;
Canadian boundary question,
ii. 21 ; questions of alliance, ii.
22, 23 ; review at Windsor,
ii. 23, 24 ; the Spaniards and
slavery, ii. 28, 31 ; the French
stage, ii. 32 ; claim to Crown
jewels, ii. 33 ; religion and
death, ii. 35 ; on communica-
tion with the Pope, ii. 36 ;
question of Royal marriages,
ii. 43-45 ; a Council, ii. 45 ;
Prince George's visit to Lisbon,
ii. 49, 50 ; Royal family titles,
ii. 50 ; lighting and heating
expenses, ii. 53 ; dislike of
Brighton, ii. 59 ; ministerial
troubles, ii. 59-62 ; Afghan and
Persian crisis, ii. 63 ; religion
and Church services, ii. 72 ;
Cabinet discussions, ii. 73 ; and
Lady Conyngham's children, ii.
75 ; King Leopold's proposi-
tion, ii. 78 ; Lord Brougham's
attack on the Ministers, ii. 80
1839 Ministerial changes, ii. 89 ;
portraits of, ii. 91 ; books and
reading, ii. 91, 92, 102, 256,
274, 289, 300, 305; Court
dinner etiquette, ii. 94 ; Lord
Durham's intentions, ii. 100 ;
question of vaccination, ii. 102 ;
concerning plays, ii. 104, 109,
110, 121, 122, 127; Cabinet
difficulties, ii. 105 et seq. ; lion-
taming performance, ii. 105,
106 ; and Royal obstinacy, ii.
114 ; speech-nervousness, ii.
115 ; goes out riding, ii. 120,
155, 264 ; question of mar-
riage, ii. 126, 153, 193; Lord
Melbourne's birthday, ii. 128 ;
Government defeat, ii. 134-137,
142 ; opera singers, ii. 140 ;
French elections, ii. 143 ; litera-
ture, ii. 144 ; India and Afghan-
istan, ii. 146 ; King Leopold's
troubles, ii. 151, 154 ; visit of
Grand Duke of Russia, ii.
156, 187, 189-191, 195; and
bishopric of Peterborough, ii.
156 ; on Henry VIII., ii. 159,
218 ; resignation of Govern-
ment, ii. 160 et seq. ; on losing
Lord Melbourne, ii. 160, 162 ;
interview with Duke of Wel-
lington, ii. 163-165 ; interview
with Sir R. Peel, ii. 165-167 ;
378
INDEX
Household difficulty, ii. 167 et
seq. ; answer to Sir R. Peel,
ii. 173; State ball, ii. 175;
Lord Howe's conduct, ii. 181 ;
Sir R. Peel on her gracious-
ness, ii. 182 ; Lord J. Russell's
report, ii. 183; William IV.
and his Household, ii. 184;
a Iev6e, ii. 185 ; twentieth
birthday, ii. 186 ; State dinner
and ball at Windsor, ii. 187,
188 ; precedence, ii. 192 ; ex-
tension of suffrage, ii. 195, 198,
199 ; arrival of Saxe-Coburg
family, ii. 198 ; and Lady
Peel, ii. 201 ; the new opera,
Lacrezia Borgia, ii. 203 ; feel-
ings of irritation, ii. 205 ; pro-
posed visit of Prince Albert,
ii. 207, 215, 225 ; dislikes, ii.
208, 209; anniversary of Ac-
cession day, ii. 210 ; Lady
Westminster's ball, ii. 211 ;
Lady Clanricarde on Russia, ii.
213 ; and the Queen Dowager,
ii. 220 ; Sir F. Grant's portrait,
ii. 222 ; concerning teaching,
ii. 225, 303 ; Italian and English
voices, ii. 228, 229 ; building
in Hyde Park, ii. 231 ; the
Eglinton Tournament, ii. 231,
242 ; proposed Royal visit, ii.
232 ; arrival at Windsor, ii.
234 ; on Royal houses, ii. 235 ;
present from the Czar, ii. 236,
247 ; dinner at Stafford House,
ii. 237 ; arrival of King Leo-
pold and Queen Louise, ii. 248,
249 ; Eton " a nest of Tories,"
ii. 251 ; and Lord Howick, ii.
255 ; and Queen Elizabeth's
opinions, ii. 257 ; arrival and
description of Prince Albert,
ii. 262, 263 ; thoughts on mar-
riage, ii. 265, 267 ; the pro-
posal, ii. 268 ; keeping the
secret, ii. 269 ; concerning the
Declaration, ii. 270 ; Lord
Brougham's reported death, ii.
272 ; Royal marriage prece-
dents, ii. 273, 274, 279, 280,
283; Prince Albert and a
Peerage, ii. 276 ; her ladies, ii.
279 ; the religious question, ii.
281 ; the marriage treaty, ii.
282, 301 ; powers of appoint-
ment, ii. 284 ; the Christmas
service, ii. 285 ; Prince Albert's
character, ii. 287
1840 Changes at Buckingham Palace,
ii. 292 ; King Leopold ill, ii. 293 ;
Prince Albert's Household, ii.
300 ; Princess Victoire's engage-
ment, ii. 307 ; Miss Eden's rescue
of a drowning child, ii. 308;
" this ill-fated precedence," ii.
310, 312, 313 ; Prince Albert
at Dover and Windsor, ii. 315,
317 ; Scottish account of, ii.
316 ; the wedding, ii. 318-321
Victory, The, Princess Victoria's visit
to, i. 83
Vienna, Congress of, i. 21, 387
Villiers, Lady Clementina, birthday
ball, i. 77
Sir George (afterwards fourth
Earl of Clarendon), British Pleni-
potentiary at Madrid, account of, i.
229 ; on Spain, ii. 15, 48, 138, 149,
155 ; possible appointments, ii.
119-121 ; the Queen's opening of
Parliament, ii. 297 ; the Queen's
marriage ceremony, ii. 320
George Bussy, fourth Earl of
Jersey and seventh Viscount
Grandison, account of, ii. 39
Lady Sarah (afterwards Princess
Nicholas Esterhazy), i. 77, ii. 278 ;
train-bearer at the Queen's wed-
ding, ii. 319
Lady Theresa, ii. 266
Vining, Mrs., in Kenilworth, i. 65
Virginia Water, i. 120, 228 ; the
Queen's accident, ii. 14
Virgil, Princess Victoria on, i. 37,
51
Vivian, Sir Hussey (afterwards Lord
Vivian), Lieu tenant- General and
Master of the Ordnance, i. 199,
200 ; and the Ballot question, i.
271, 275 ; Promotion Commission,
i. 296 ; his wound at Waterloo, i.
378
Lady, her thild Lalage, i. 268
INDEX
879
Vizard, Mr., Lord Normanby's at-
torney, ii. 139
Voltaire, Frangois de French author,
his histories, i. 263 ; Zaire and
Semiramis, ii. 32
Vyner, Henry, State ball, ii. 188
Lady Mary, account of, i. 318 ;
State ball, ii. 188
WAKLEY, ME., M.P. for Finsbury,
founder of The Lancet, his attack
on the Tories, ii. 299
Waldegrave, seventh Earl, i. 304
Countess (wife of above), i. 304
Dowager Countess, her marriage
with the Duke of Gloucester, i. 390
Waldstein, Count, ball at St. James's,
i. 191 ; a drawing-room, i. 193
Walker, Mr., his lecture, i. 89
Walmoden, Sophia, " Countess of
Yarmouth," ii. 70
Walpole, Edward, i. 304
Horace, fourth Earl of Orford,
and Mme. de Sevigne, i. 174;
Historical Doubts, i. 273 ; anec-
dote of the Duchess of Gloucester,
i. 304 ; and Lord Townshend, i.
330 ; Coxe's Life of, i. 351, 352 ;
Memoirs of Last Ten Years of Reign
of George II., ii. 44
Sir Robert, his resignation, i.
326 ; Gay's skit on, i. 330 ; and
George II., ii. 40, 41 ; quarrel with
Pulteney, ii. 50 ; and Duchess of
Queensberry, ii. 92 ; and George I.,
ii. 94
Warner, Mrs., manageress of Sad-
ler's Wells, ii. 121
Warren, Mr., Ten Thousand a Year, i.
326
Warrender, Sir George, once owner
of Cliveden, ii. 16
Water-colour Exhibition, i. 79
Waterpark, Henry Manners, third
Lord, at Chatsworth, i. 56
Lady (wife of above), Lady of
the Bedchamber to Queen Victoria,
i. 56
Waters, Mrs., mother of Duke of
Monmouth, ii. 11
Watson, Sir Frederick, Ascot Races, i.
99 ; and the Queen, i. 214, 217, 219
Webster, Benjamin, in The Inn-
keeper's Daughter, i. 88
Daniel, Secretary of State in
United States, visit to London, ii.
212
Sir Godfrey, elopement of his
wife, i. 101, 301, ii. 70
Elizabeth, Lady, see Holland,
Lady
Charlotte, Lady (wife of Sir
Godfrey Vassal Webster, son of
above), receives Princess Victoria
at Battle Abbey, i. 101
Weimar, Grand Duke of, at Lady
Westminster's ball, ii. 210, 211
Grand Duchess Marie of, at
Princess Victoria's Confirmation,
i. 125
Wellesley, Marquess, portrait at
Eton, i. 343 ; and Household ap-
pointments, ii. 202 ; and Lord
Anglesey, ii. 309
Mrs. (afterwards Lady Cowley),
i. 154
Wellington, the Duke of, and Sir R.
Peel, i. 23, 31, 34, ii. 142, 164 et seq. ;
and Queen Victoria, i. 145, 175,
240, 284, 352, 375, ii. 142, 163,
167, 193, 202, 241 ; on the char-
acters of English, Scotch, and
Irish, i. 178 ; the Address in the
Lords, i. 238, 239 ; on Canada, i.
257, 269, 275, 278 ; his manner, i.
274, 296 ; and William IV., i. 282 ;
and Lord Melbourne, i. 286, 296,
383, ii. 165, 179, 194, 208 ; and Lady
Burghersh, i. 303 ; and the Corona-
tion ceremony, i. 359 ; his statue,
i. 380 ; and the weakness of naval
force, i. 389 ; and King Leopold,
ii. 11 ; a review, ii. 23, 24 ; and
the French at Algiers, ii. 25 ; his
correspondence, ii. 95 ; improb-
able Russian rumour, ii. 124 ; and
Lord Normanby, ii. 134 ; asked
to form a Government by the Queen,
ii. 163-174 ; State ball, ii. 175;
absence from Iev6e, ii. 185 ; and
the Household appointments, ii.
202 ; and Lord Cowley, ii. 204 ;
debate on Ireland, ii. 227 ; and
the word "Protestant" in the
880
INDEX
Queen's Address, ii. 297, 298 ;
precedence of Prince Albert, ii.
310, 312, 313
Wellington, Duchess of, ii. 208, 209
second Duke of, see Douro
Welshpool, Princess Victoria at, i. 45
Wemyss, Earl of, see Charteris
Colonel William (afterwards
Lieutenant-General and Equerry
to the Queen), i. 178, 218 ; visits
Eton, i. 342 ; rides with the Queen,
ii. 13, 120 ; at Woolwich, ii. 248
Werner, by Lord Byron, i. 237
Wesley, John, portrait of, i. 305
Wesleyan Methodists, ii. 55
West, Benjamin, President of Royal
Academy, i. 79 ; account of, ii. 83
Lady Elizabeth, train-bearer at
the Queen's wedding, ii. 319
Westall, Richard, R.A., and Prin-
cess Victoria, i. 61, 65, 69, 121 ;
Somerset House Exhibition, i. 70
Westminster, Robert, first Marquess
of (Earl Grosvenor) : Princess Vic-
toria's visit to Eaton Hall, i. 49-52 ;
a ball, ii. 210-21
Marchioness of (wife of above),
Royal visit to Eaton Hall, i. 49-
52 ; a dinner to William IV., i. 69 ;
Princess Victoria attends her ball,
ii., 210-212
Wetherall, General Sir Frederick,
Equerry to Duke of Kent, i. 69 ;
birthday presents to Princess Vic-
toria, i. 76, 118
Wharncliffe, first Lord, at Chats-
worth, i. 54 ; account of, i. 199 ;
as a speaker, i. 269 ; debate on
Ireland, ii. 227
Lady (wife of above), at Chats-
worth, i. 54
Wheatley, Sir Henry, private sec-
retary to William IV., i. 201 ;
the Queen's Privy Purse, i. 206,
214, 221, 228; and the private
papers of William IV., ii. 282
Whig party, see Melbourne, Lord
Whippingham Church, i. 25
White Doe of Rylston, The, by Words-
worth, i. 6
Wilberforce, William, Lifeof, ii. 19,28,
52, 58 j Lord Melbourne on, ii, 55
Wilde, Serjeant, Solicitor-General
(afterwards Lord Chancellor Truro),
ii. 307
Wildman, Colonel, owner of New-
stead Abbey, i. 132
Wilhelm Meister, by Goethe, i. 256
Wilkes, Mr. ,indictment against, i.
330
Wilkie, Sir David, Scottish painter :
Somerset House Exhibition, i. 71 ;
the Queen's portrait, i. 230
Wilkinson, Sir J. G., explorer and
Egyptologist, ii. 103
William the Conqueror, builder of
Battle Abbey, i. 101
William I., see Wiirtemberg, King of
William III., i. 102, 311, 398 ; his
death, ii. 240 ; and Queen Mary,
ii. 281, 293 ; Lord Melbourne on,
ii. 299
William IV., and Whig Ministers, i. 1 ;
education and character, i. 11-13 ;
Reform Bill crisis, i. 22-24 ; ques-
tion of Princess Victoria's mar-
riage, i. 26, 140, 290, ii. 126;
jealousy and dislike of Duchess
of Kent, i. 26, 27, 140; private
papers of, i. 41, ii. 282 ; Duchess
of Kent's dinner to, i. 68 ; gives
birthday ball for Princess Vic-
toria, i. 77, 78 ; Princess Victoria's
visits to Windsor Castle, i. 98-120,
150 ; birthday presents, i. 117,
126, Eton Montem, i. 119 ; Prin-
cess Victoria's Confirmation, i. 125 ;
Mme. de Se>ign6 on, i. 174 ; a
drawing-room, i. 188; illness and
death, i. 190, 194-196, 204; funeral,
i. 208 ; Buckingham Palace, i. 213 ;
dislikes, i. 282 ; Lord Melbourne
on, i. 282, 283, ii. 148, 186;
court etiquette, i. 289, 352 ; seal
of Duchy of Lancaster, i. 316 ;
his creation of Peers, i. 335 ; Lord
North's letters, i. 392 ; and Lord
Jersey, ii. 13 ; rudeness to, ii. 26 ;
and the Provost of Eton, ii. 81 ;
Mrs. Jordan's statue, ii. 101 ; and
his Household, ii. 184 ; his archi-
tectural ideas, ii. 231
William VI., the old Stadtholder, ii ?
194
INDEX
381
Williams, Sir John (afterwards Sir
John Williams -Hay), present to
Princess Victoria, i. 49
Lady (wife of above), i. 47 ; visit
to the Victory, i. 83
John, " the martyr of Erro-
manga," A Narrative of Missionary
Enterprise in the South Sea Islands,
ii. 52
Admiral, Sir Thomas, account
of, i. 80 ; Princess Victoria's visit
to Portsmouth, i. 80
Willoughby, Lord, the Queen's Coro-
nation, i. 359
Wilson, Miss, i. 99, 119
Wilton, Lady, Princess Victoria
visits Eaton Hall, i. 49, 50
Winchester, thirteenth Marquess of,
ii. 178
Winchilsea, Lord, and Catholic
Emancipation Act, i. 239 ; his
fight at a meeting, ii. 212
Windsor Castle, i. 38 ; Princess Vic-
toria's visits to, i. 112 et seq.,
150 et seq., 203 ; as Queen, i. 220
et seq. t 247, ii. 4, 264 ; reviews at,
i. 229, ii. 24 ; lighting and heat-
ing, expenses of, ii. 53 ; George III.
at, ii. 221
Wombwell, Lady Anne, ii. 139
Wood, Charles (afterwards first Vis-
count Halifax), Secretary to the Ad-
miralty, account of, i. 99 ; portrait
at Eton of, i. 343 ; resignation, ii.
241, 243
Wood, Colonel, i. 201
Woods, Sir John, Garter King at
Arms, i. 199
Sir William, Clarenceux King
at Arms, afterward Garter: the
Queen's Coronation, i. 356 ; the
Queen's marriage procedure, ii.
279, 280, 309
Woolwich, the Queen at, ii. 249
Wordsworth, William, the poet, i. 6,
ii. 155
Woronzow, Count and Countess,
State dinner at Windsor, ii. 187
Wortley, Lady Emmeline, i. 396
Woulffe, Stephen, chief Baron, i. 349
Wren, Sir Christopher, builder of
Divinity College, Oxford, i. 59
1126
Wrottesley, Sir John, created Baron,
i. 353
Wiirtemberg, Frederick Charles,
King of, his marriage, ii. 280
William I., King of (son of
above), at Windsor Castle, i. 222
Alexander, Duke of, death of, i.
82
Duchess of (wife of above), her
illness, ii. 62
Prince Alexander and Prince
Ernest (sons of above), visit Eng-
land, i. 78-83 ; Princess Victoria's
appreciation of, i. 82
Wyattville (formerly Wyatt), Sir
Jeffrey, the architect, account of,
i. 226, ii. 54
Wyatt, Richard James, sculptor, i.
381
Wyndham, Miss Fanny, in Scara-
muccia, i. 186
Wynford, first Lord (Sir William
Draper Best), i. 199
Wynn, Miss, i. 118, 189
Wynne, Thomas, marriage, i. 314
Wyon, William, chief engraver at
Mint, i. 70
Wytham Abbey, seat of Lord Abing-
don, Princess Victoria's visit to,
i. 58
YABDE-BULLEB, SIB JOHN, want of
confidence motion, ii. 298, 31 1
Yarmouth, Lord (afterwards fourth
Marquess of Hertford), account of,
i. 311
Countess of, see Walmoden
Yates, Rev. William, Account of
New Zealand and of the Church
Mission to the Northern Island, ii.
53
Mrs., the actress, ii. 84
York, Archbishop of, see Harcourt
Colonel, at Bishopthorpe, i. 132
Edward, Duke of, i. 376
Duke of, Lord Brougham on, i.
308 ; his marriage, i. 309 ; his
death, ii. 27 ; Albany House, ii.
97 ; Lord Melbourne on, ii. 114, 294 ;
and the King of Holland, ii. 194
Yorke, Captain (afterwards fourth
Earl of Hardwicke), i. 84
382
INDEX
Young, Charles Mayne, the actor, i.
147, 148
Young Divine, The, i. 161
Youriewitch, M., ii. 187
ZAVADOWSKI, MME., her beauty, i. 37g
Zealand, Sketches of the People and
Country of (he Island of, i. 338, 339
Zetland, Earl of, see Dundas
Zichy, Count and Countess, i. 192
Count Eugene, State ball, i. 332
Zourievitch, M., Aide-de-Camp of the
Emperor of Russia, ii. 157
Zucarelli, the painter, ii. 11
Zuchelli, Signor, in Cenerentola, i. 70 ;
in Otello, i. 94
Printed by Hazell, Watson & Viney, Ld., London and Aylesbury.
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Victoria, Queen of Great
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The girlhood of Queen
Victoria
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY
